cbc.c revision 99109
1/* cbc.c: This file contains the encryption routines for the ed line editor */
2/*-
3 * Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
4 * All rights reserved.
5 *
6 * Copyright (c) 1993 Andrew Moore, Talke Studio.
7 * All rights reserved.
8 *
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * are met:
12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
20 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
21 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
22 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
23 *    without specific prior written permission.
24 *
25 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
29 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35 * SUCH DAMAGE.
36 */
37
38#include <sys/cdefs.h>
39__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/bin/ed/cbc.c 99109 2002-06-30 05:13:54Z obrien $");
40
41#include <sys/types.h>
42#include <errno.h>
43#include <pwd.h>
44#ifdef DES
45#include <time.h>
46#endif
47
48#include "ed.h"
49
50
51/*
52 * BSD and System V systems offer special library calls that do
53 * block move_liness and fills, so if possible we take advantage of them
54 */
55#define	MEMCPY(dest,src,len)	memcpy((dest),(src),(len))
56#define	MEMZERO(dest,len)	memset((dest), 0, (len))
57
58/* Hide the calls to the primitive encryption routines. */
59#define	DES_KEY(buf) \
60	if (des_setkey(buf)) \
61		des_error("des_setkey");
62#define	DES_XFORM(buf) \
63	if (des_cipher(buf, buf, 0L, (inverse ? -1 : 1))) \
64		des_error("des_cipher");
65
66/*
67 * read/write - no error checking
68 */
69#define	READ(buf, n, fp)	fread(buf, sizeof(char), n, fp)
70#define WRITE(buf, n, fp)	fwrite(buf, sizeof(char), n, fp)
71
72/*
73 * some things to make references easier
74 */
75typedef char Desbuf[8];
76#define	CHAR(x,i)	(x[i])
77#define	UCHAR(x,i)	(x[i])
78#define	BUFFER(x)	(x)
79#define	UBUFFER(x)	(x)
80
81/*
82 * global variables and related macros
83 */
84
85enum { 					/* encrypt, decrypt, authenticate */
86	MODE_ENCRYPT, MODE_DECRYPT, MODE_AUTHENTICATE
87} mode = MODE_ENCRYPT;
88
89Desbuf ivec;				/* initialization vector */
90Desbuf pvec;				/* padding vector */
91char bits[] = {				/* used to extract bits from a char */
92	'\200', '\100', '\040', '\020', '\010', '\004', '\002', '\001'
93};
94int pflag;				/* 1 to preserve parity bits */
95
96unsigned char des_buf[8];	/* shared buffer for get_des_char/put_des_char */
97int des_ct = 0;			/* count for get_des_char/put_des_char */
98int des_n = 0;			/* index for put_des_char/get_des_char */
99
100
101/* init_des_cipher: initialize DES */
102void
103init_des_cipher(void)
104{
105#ifdef DES
106	int i;
107
108	des_ct = des_n = 0;
109
110	/* initialize the initialization vector */
111	MEMZERO(ivec, 8);
112
113	/* initialize the padding vector */
114	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
115		CHAR(pvec, i) = (char) (arc4random() % 256);
116#endif
117}
118
119
120/* get_des_char: return next char in an encrypted file */
121int
122get_des_char(FILE *fp)
123{
124#ifdef DES
125	if (des_n >= des_ct) {
126		des_n = 0;
127		des_ct = cbc_decode(des_buf, fp);
128	}
129	return (des_ct > 0) ? des_buf[des_n++] : EOF;
130#else
131	return (getc(fp));
132#endif
133}
134
135
136/* put_des_char: write a char to an encrypted file; return char written */
137int
138put_des_char(int c, FILE *fp)
139{
140#ifdef DES
141	if (des_n == sizeof des_buf) {
142		des_ct = cbc_encode(des_buf, des_n, fp);
143		des_n = 0;
144	}
145	return (des_ct >= 0) ? (des_buf[des_n++] = c) : EOF;
146#else
147	return (fputc(c, fp));
148#endif
149}
150
151
152/* flush_des_file: flush an encrypted file's output; return status */
153int
154flush_des_file(FILE *fp)
155{
156#ifdef DES
157	if (des_n == sizeof des_buf) {
158		des_ct = cbc_encode(des_buf, des_n, fp);
159		des_n = 0;
160	}
161	return (des_ct >= 0 && cbc_encode(des_buf, des_n, fp) >= 0) ? 0 : EOF;
162#else
163	return (fflush(fp));
164#endif
165}
166
167#ifdef DES
168/*
169 * get keyword from tty or stdin
170 */
171int
172get_keyword(void)
173{
174	char *p;			/* used to obtain the key */
175	Desbuf msgbuf;			/* I/O buffer */
176
177	/*
178	 * get the key
179	 */
180	if (*(p = getpass("Enter key: "))) {
181
182		/*
183		 * copy it, nul-padded, into the key area
184		 */
185		expand_des_key(BUFFER(msgbuf), p);
186		MEMZERO(p, _PASSWORD_LEN);
187		set_des_key(msgbuf);
188		MEMZERO(msgbuf, sizeof msgbuf);
189		return 1;
190	}
191	return 0;
192}
193
194
195/*
196 * print a warning message and, possibly, terminate
197 */
198void
199des_error(const char *s)
200{
201	errmsg = s ? s : strerror(errno);
202}
203
204/*
205 * map a hex character to an integer
206 */
207int
208hex_to_binary(int c, int radix)
209{
210	switch(c) {
211	case '0':		return(0x0);
212	case '1':		return(0x1);
213	case '2':		return(radix > 2 ? 0x2 : -1);
214	case '3':		return(radix > 3 ? 0x3 : -1);
215	case '4':		return(radix > 4 ? 0x4 : -1);
216	case '5':		return(radix > 5 ? 0x5 : -1);
217	case '6':		return(radix > 6 ? 0x6 : -1);
218	case '7':		return(radix > 7 ? 0x7 : -1);
219	case '8':		return(radix > 8 ? 0x8 : -1);
220	case '9':		return(radix > 9 ? 0x9 : -1);
221	case 'A': case 'a':	return(radix > 10 ? 0xa : -1);
222	case 'B': case 'b':	return(radix > 11 ? 0xb : -1);
223	case 'C': case 'c':	return(radix > 12 ? 0xc : -1);
224	case 'D': case 'd':	return(radix > 13 ? 0xd : -1);
225	case 'E': case 'e':	return(radix > 14 ? 0xe : -1);
226	case 'F': case 'f':	return(radix > 15 ? 0xf : -1);
227	}
228	/*
229	 * invalid character
230	 */
231	return(-1);
232}
233
234/*
235 * convert the key to a bit pattern
236 *	obuf		bit pattern
237 *	kbuf		the key itself
238 */
239void
240expand_des_key(char *obuf, char *kbuf)
241{
242	int i, j;			/* counter in a for loop */
243	int nbuf[64];			/* used for hex/key translation */
244
245	/*
246	 * leading '0x' or '0X' == hex key
247	 */
248	if (kbuf[0] == '0' && (kbuf[1] == 'x' || kbuf[1] == 'X')) {
249		kbuf = &kbuf[2];
250		/*
251		 * now translate it, bombing on any illegal hex digit
252		 */
253		for (i = 0; kbuf[i] && i < 16; i++)
254			if ((nbuf[i] = hex_to_binary((int) kbuf[i], 16)) == -1)
255				des_error("bad hex digit in key");
256		while (i < 16)
257			nbuf[i++] = 0;
258		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
259			obuf[i] =
260			    ((nbuf[2*i]&0xf)<<4) | (nbuf[2*i+1]&0xf);
261		/* preserve parity bits */
262		pflag = 1;
263		return;
264	}
265	/*
266	 * leading '0b' or '0B' == binary key
267	 */
268	if (kbuf[0] == '0' && (kbuf[1] == 'b' || kbuf[1] == 'B')) {
269		kbuf = &kbuf[2];
270		/*
271		 * now translate it, bombing on any illegal binary digit
272		 */
273		for (i = 0; kbuf[i] && i < 16; i++)
274			if ((nbuf[i] = hex_to_binary((int) kbuf[i], 2)) == -1)
275				des_error("bad binary digit in key");
276		while (i < 64)
277			nbuf[i++] = 0;
278		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
279			for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
280				obuf[i] = (obuf[i]<<1)|nbuf[8*i+j];
281		/* preserve parity bits */
282		pflag = 1;
283		return;
284	}
285	/*
286	 * no special leader -- ASCII
287	 */
288	(void)strncpy(obuf, kbuf, 8);
289}
290
291/*****************
292 * DES FUNCTIONS *
293 *****************/
294/*
295 * This sets the DES key and (if you're using the deszip version)
296 * the direction of the transformation.  This uses the Sun
297 * to map the 64-bit key onto the 56 bits that the key schedule
298 * generation routines use: the old way, which just uses the user-
299 * supplied 64 bits as is, and the new way, which resets the parity
300 * bit to be the same as the low-order bit in each character.  The
301 * new way generates a greater variety of key schedules, since many
302 * systems set the parity (high) bit of each character to 0, and the
303 * DES ignores the low order bit of each character.
304 */
305void
306set_des_key(Desbuf buf)				/* key block */
307{
308	int i, j;				/* counter in a for loop */
309	int par;				/* parity counter */
310
311	/*
312	 * if the parity is not preserved, flip it
313	 */
314	if (!pflag) {
315		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
316			par = 0;
317			for (j = 1; j < 8; j++)
318				if ((bits[j]&UCHAR(buf, i)) != 0)
319					par++;
320			if ((par&01) == 01)
321				UCHAR(buf, i) = UCHAR(buf, i)&0177;
322			else
323				UCHAR(buf, i) = (UCHAR(buf, i)&0177)|0200;
324		}
325	}
326
327	DES_KEY(UBUFFER(buf));
328}
329
330
331/*
332 * This encrypts using the Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
333 */
334int
335cbc_encode(char *msgbuf, int n, FILE *fp)
336{
337	int inverse = 0;	/* 0 to encrypt, 1 to decrypt */
338
339	/*
340	 * do the transformation
341	 */
342	if (n == 8) {
343		for (n = 0; n < 8; n++)
344			CHAR(msgbuf, n) ^= CHAR(ivec, n);
345		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
346		MEMCPY(BUFFER(ivec), BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);
347		return WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8, fp);
348	}
349	/*
350	 * at EOF or last block -- in either case, the last byte contains
351	 * the character representation of the number of bytes in it
352	 */
353/*
354	MEMZERO(msgbuf +  n, 8 - n);
355*/
356	/*
357	 *  Pad the last block randomly
358	 */
359	(void)MEMCPY(BUFFER(msgbuf + n), BUFFER(pvec), 8 - n);
360	CHAR(msgbuf, 7) = n;
361	for (n = 0; n < 8; n++)
362		CHAR(msgbuf, n) ^= CHAR(ivec, n);
363	DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
364	return WRITE(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8, fp);
365}
366
367/*
368 * This decrypts using the Cipher Block Chaining mode of DES
369 *	msgbuf	I/O buffer
370 *	fp	input file descriptor
371 */
372int
373cbc_decode(char *msgbuf, FILE *fp)
374{
375	Desbuf tbuf;	/* temp buffer for initialization vector */
376	int n;			/* number of bytes actually read */
377	int c;			/* used to test for EOF */
378	int inverse = 1;	/* 0 to encrypt, 1 to decrypt */
379
380	if ((n = READ(BUFFER(msgbuf), 8, fp)) == 8) {
381		/*
382		 * do the transformation
383		 */
384		MEMCPY(BUFFER(tbuf), BUFFER(msgbuf), 8);
385		DES_XFORM(UBUFFER(msgbuf));
386		for (c = 0; c < 8; c++)
387			UCHAR(msgbuf, c) ^= UCHAR(ivec, c);
388		MEMCPY(BUFFER(ivec), BUFFER(tbuf), 8);
389		/*
390		 * if the last one, handle it specially
391		 */
392		if ((c = fgetc(fp)) == EOF) {
393			n = CHAR(msgbuf, 7);
394			if (n < 0 || n > 7) {
395				des_error("decryption failed (block corrupted)");
396				return EOF;
397			}
398		} else
399			(void)ungetc(c, fp);
400		return n;
401	}
402	if (n > 0)
403		des_error("decryption failed (incomplete block)");
404	else if (n < 0)
405		des_error("cannot read file");
406	return EOF;
407}
408#endif	/* DES */
409