UPDATING revision 254273
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130813: 35 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 36 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 37 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 38 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 39 4020130806: 41 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 42 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 43 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 44 explicitly. 45 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 46 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 47 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 48 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 49 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 50 5120130806: 52 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 53 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 54 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 55 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 56 to r253970 or later. 57 5820130802: 59 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 60 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 61 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 62 would result: 63 64 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 65 66 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 67 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 68 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 69 old as well as the new version of find. 70 7120130726: 72 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 73 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 74 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 75 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 76 subdirectories must be reviewed. 77 7820130716: 79 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 80 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 81 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 82 83 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 84 85 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 86 users are advised to upgrade. 87 8820130709: 89 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 90 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 91 9220130709: 93 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 94 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 95 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 96 9720130629: 98 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 99 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 100 101 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 102 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 103 overloading the machine. 104 10520130618: 106 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 107 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 108 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 109 write access to that file. 110 11120130615: 112 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 113 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 114 11520130613: 116 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 117 118 make: illegal option -- J 119 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 120 ... 121 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 122 123 this likely due to an old instance of make in 124 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 125 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 126 you see the above error: 127 128 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 129 130 should resolve it. 131 13220130516: 133 Use bmake by default. 134 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 135 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 136 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 137 138 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 139 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 140 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 141 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 142 behavior in parallel build. 143 14420130429: 145 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 146 14720130426: 148 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 149 the IDEA patent expired. 150 15120130426: 152 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 153 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 154 enabled by default. 155 15620130425: 157 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 158 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 159 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 160 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 161 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 162 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 163 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 164 && make install). 165 16620130404: 167 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 168 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 169 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 170 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 171 and removed. 172 17320130319: 174 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 175 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 176 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 177 binaries will not work on older kernels. 178 17920130308: 180 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 181 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 182 18320130304: 184 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 185 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 186 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 187 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 188 is requested. 189 190 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 191 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 192 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 193 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 194 in /boot/loader.conf. 195 19620130301: 197 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 198 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 199 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 200 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 201 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 202 20320130208: 204 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 205 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 206 207 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 208 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 209 21020130129: 211 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 212 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 213 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 214 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 215 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 216 21720130121: 218 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 219 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 220 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 221 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 222 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 223 /etc/src.conf. 224 22520130118: 226 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 227 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 228 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 229 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 230 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 231 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 232 use is expected to be extremely rare. 233 23420121223: 235 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 236 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 237 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 238 23920121222: 240 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 241 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 242 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 243 be updated. 244 24520121217: 246 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 247 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 248 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 249 250 savecore_flags="" 251 25220121201: 253 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 254 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 255 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 256 25720121117: 258 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 259 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 260 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 261 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 262 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 263 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 264 26520121105: 266 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 267 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 268 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 269 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 270 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 271 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 272 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 273 branch point). 274 27520121102: 276 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 277 functionality now turned on by default. 278 27920121023: 280 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 281 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 282 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 283 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 284 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 285 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 286 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 287 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 288 of the two kernel options. 289 29020121023: 291 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 292 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 293 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 294 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 295 29620121022: 297 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 298 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 299 recompiled. 300 30120121018: 302 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 303 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 304 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 305 30620121016: 307 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 308 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 309 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 310 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 311 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 312 31320121015: 314 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 315 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 316 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 317 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 318 31920121014: 320 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 321 32220121013: 323 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 324 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 325 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 326 knob has also gone. 327 32820121006: 329 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 330 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 331 with new kernel. 332 33320121001: 334 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 335 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 336 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 337 33820120913: 339 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 340 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 341 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 342 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 343 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 344 configurations. 345 34620120908: 347 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 348 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 349 35020120828: 351 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 352 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 353 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 354 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 355 manual page. 356 35720120727: 358 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 359 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 360 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 361 36220120712: 363 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 364 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 365 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 366 36720120712: 368 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 369 with other variables: 370 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 371 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 372 37320120628: 374 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 375 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 376 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 377 installed as "bsdsort". 378 37920120611: 380 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 381 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 382 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 383 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 384 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 385 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 386 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 387 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 388 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 389 39020120417: 391 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 392 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 393 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 394 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 395 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 396 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 397 NAMESPACE section). 398 39920120328: 400 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 401 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 402 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 403 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 404 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 405 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 406 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 407 40820120306: 409 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 410 platforms. 411 41220120229: 413 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 414 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 415 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 416 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 417 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 418 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 419 42020120211: 421 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 422 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 423 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 424 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 425 comes from 20111215. 426 42720120114: 428 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 429 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 430 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 431 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 432 433 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 434 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 435 43620120109: 437 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 438 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 439 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 440 tunable/sysctl. 441 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 442 44320111215: 444 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 445 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 446 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 447 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 448 not supported anymore. 449 450 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 451 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 452 need to be recompiled. 453 45420111122: 455 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 456 /dev/wmistat0. 457 45820111108: 459 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 460 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 461 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 462 time. 463 46420111101: 465 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 466 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 467 46820110930: 469 sysinstall has been removed 470 47120110923: 472 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 473 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 474 47520110913: 476 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 477 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 478 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 479 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 480 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 481 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 482 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 483 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 484 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 485 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 486 48720110828: 488 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 489 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 490 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 491 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 492 49320110815: 494 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 495 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 496 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 497 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 498 499 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 500 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 501 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 502 50320110628: 504 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 505 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 506 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 507 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 508 50920110608: 510 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 511 machdep.hlt_cpus 512 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 513 The following sysctl is retired: 514 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 515 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 516 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 517 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 518 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 519 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 520 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 521 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 522 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 523 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 524 a default scheduler. 525 52620110607: 527 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 528 a mask of CPUs. 529 53020110531: 531 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 532 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 533 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 534 world. 535 53620110513: 537 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 538 53920110503: 540 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 541 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 542 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 543 drivers need to be recompiled. 544 545 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 546 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 547 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 548 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 549 branches. 550 55120110430: 552 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 553 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 554 55520110427: 556 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 557 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 558 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 559 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 560 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 561 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 562 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 563 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 564 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 565 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 566 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 567 568 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 569 570 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 571 a diskless root fs use the old client. 572 57320110424: 574 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 575 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 576 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 577 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 578 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 579 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 580 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 581 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 582 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 583 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 584 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 585 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 586 587 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 588 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 589 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 590 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 591 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 592 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 593 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 594 them are parts of the cam module. 595 596 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 597 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 598 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 599 600 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 601 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 602 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 603 options ATA_CAM 604 device ahci 605 device mvs 606 device siis 607 , and instead add back: 608 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 609 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 610 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 611 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 612 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 613 61420110423: 615 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 616 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 617 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 618 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 619 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 620 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 621 62220110418: 623 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 624 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 625 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 626 62720110331: 628 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 629 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 630 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 631 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 632 in order to use ath on everything else. 633 634 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 635 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 636 63720110314: 638 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 639 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 640 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 641 64220110218: 643 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 644 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 645 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 646 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 647 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 648 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 649 65020110218: 651 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 652 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 653 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 654 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 655 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 656 authentication). 657 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 658 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 659 66020110207: 661 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 662 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 663 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 664 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 665 The function remains undocumented. 666 66720110112: 668 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 669 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 670 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 671 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 672 systems where the define is not present can check against 673 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 674 675 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 676 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 677 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 678 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 679 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 680 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 681 68220110103: 683 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 684 the following warning: 685 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 686 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 687 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 688 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 689 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 690 install it on your system. 691 692 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 693 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 694 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 695 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 696 69720101228: 698 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 699 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 700 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 701 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 702 be recompiled. 703 70420101114: 705 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 706 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 707 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 708 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 709 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 710 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 711 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 712 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 713 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 714 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 715 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 716 it, for example via: 717 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 718 719 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 720 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 721 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 722 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 723 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 724 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 725 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 726 727 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 728 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 729 73020101111: 731 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 732 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 733 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 734 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 735 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 736 73720101002: 738 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 739 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 740 migrate local entries to the new format. 741 74220100928: 743 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 744 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 745 upstream sshd. 746 74720100915: 748 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 749 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 750 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 751 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 752 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 753 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 754 75520100913: 756 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 757 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 758 759 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 760 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 761 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 762 default is "AUTO". 763 764 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 765 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 766 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 767 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 768 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 769 770 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 771 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 772 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 773 77420100913: 775 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 776 now i386 and amd64 only. 777 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 778 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 779 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 780 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 781 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 782 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 783 78420100725: 785 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 786 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 787 78820100722: 789 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 790 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 791 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 792 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 793 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 794 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 795 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 796 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 797 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 798 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 799 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 800 80120100713: 802 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 803 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 804 machine powerpc powerpc 805 806 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 807 after this change. 808 80920100713: 810 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 811 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 812 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 813 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 814 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 815 81620100429: 817 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 818 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 819 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 820 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 821 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 822 82320100402: 824 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 825 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 826 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 827 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 828 WITH_CTF=yes"). 829 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 830 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 831 to unwanted behavior. 832 83320100311: 834 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 835 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 836 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 837 be modified accordingly. 838 83920100113: 840 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 841 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 842 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 843 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 844 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 845 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 846 847 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 848 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 849 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 850 use of utmpx. 851 852 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 853 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 854 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 855 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 856 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 857 85820100108: 859 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 860 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 861 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 862 86320091202: 864 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 865 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 866 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 867 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 868 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 869 870 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 871 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 872 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 873 874 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 875 87620091125: 877 8.0-RELEASE. 878 87920091113: 880 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 881 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 882 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 883 operation of applications on the console. 884 885 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 886 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 887 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 888 cons25. 889 890 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 891 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 892 performed by syscons(4). 893 89420091109: 895 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 896 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 897 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 898 899 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 900 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 901 new structure. 902 90320091025: 904 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 905 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 906 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 907 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 908 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 909 iwn5150fw. 910 91120090926: 912 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 913 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 914 915 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 916 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 917 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 918 919 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 920 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 921 922 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 923 they are obsolete. 924 925 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 926 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 927 928 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 929 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 930 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 931 932 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 933 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 934 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 935 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 936 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 937 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 938 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 939 using ifconfig(8) like: 940 941 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 942 943 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 944 IPv6-preferred. 945 946 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 947 948 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 949 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 950 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 951 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 952 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 953 95420090922: 955 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 956 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 957 95820090912: 959 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 960 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 961 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 962 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 963 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 964 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 965 96620090910: 967 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 968 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 969 97020090825: 971 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 972 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 973 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 974 is 1000. 975 97620090813: 977 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 978 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 979 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 980 98120090803: 982 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 983 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 984 98520090719: 986 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 987 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 988 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 989 99020090714: 991 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 992 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 993 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 994 99520090713: 996 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 997 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 998 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 999 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 1000 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 1001 100220090712: 1003 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 1004 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 1005 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 1006 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 1007 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1008 100920090630: 1010 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 1011 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 1012 may need to be adjusted. 1013 101420090629: 1015 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 1016 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 1017 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 1018 with routing sockets. 1019 102020090628: 1021 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 1022 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 1023 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 1024 102520090624: 1026 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 1027 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 1028 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1029 800100. 1030 103120090622: 1032 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 1033 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 1034 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 1035 103620090619: 1037 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 1038 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 1039 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 1040 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 1041 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 1042 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 1043 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1044 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1045 1046 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1047 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1048 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1049 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1050 authentication method is used. 1051 105220090616: 1053 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1054 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1055 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1056 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1057 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1058 105920090613: 1060 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1061 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1062 106320090611: 1064 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1065 be rebuilt. 1066 106720090608: 1068 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1069 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1070 107120090602: 1072 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1073 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1074 107520090601: 1076 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1077 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1078 re-compiled. 1079 108020090601: 1081 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1082 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1083 rebuilt. 1084 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1085 108620090530: 1087 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1088 more valid. 1089 109020090530: 1091 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1092 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1093 109420090529: 1095 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1096 rebuilt. 1097 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1098 109920090528: 1100 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1101 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1102 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1103 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1104 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1105 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1106 110720090527: 1108 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1109 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1110 111120090523: 1112 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1113 need to be rebuilt. 1114 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1115 111620090523: 1117 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1118 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1119 112020090520: 1121 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1122 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1123 112420090520: 1125 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1126 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1127 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1128 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1129 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1130 113120090430: 1132 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1133 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1134 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1135 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1136 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1137 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1138 113920090429: 1140 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1141 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1142 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1143 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1144 1145 For kernel developers: 1146 1147 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1148 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1149 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1150 1151 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1152 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1153 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1154 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1155 1156 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1157 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1158 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1159 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1160 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1161 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1162 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1163 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1164 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1165 multicast membership on-link. 1166 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1167 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1168 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1169 1170 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1171 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1172 stack. 1173 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1174 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1175 semantics. 1176 1177 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1178 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1179 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1180 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1181 1182 For application developers: 1183 1184 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1185 stack. 1186 1187 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1188 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1189 1190 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1191 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1192 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1193 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1194 1195 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1196 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1197 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1198 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1199 Multicast Source Filters'. 1200 1201 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1202 1203 For systems administrators: 1204 1205 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1206 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1207 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1208 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1209 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1210 1211 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1212 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1213 1214 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1215 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1216 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1217 recommended for optimal system performance. 1218 1219 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1220 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1221 back forwarded datagrams. 1222 1223 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1224 122520090422: 1226 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1227 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1228 122920090419: 1230 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1231 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1232 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1233 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1234 123520090415: 1236 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1237 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1238 state will require a world rebuild. 1239 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1240 124120090415: 1242 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1243 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1245 124620090414: 1247 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1248 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1249 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1250 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1251 load balancing. 1252 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1253 125420090408: 1255 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1256 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1257 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1258 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1259 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1260 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1261 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1262 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1263 126420090407: 1265 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1266 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1268 126920090320: 1270 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1271 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1272 introduces some changes: 1273 1274 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1275 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1276 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1277 1278 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1279 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1280 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1281 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1282 1283 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1284 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1285 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1286 the "386BSD" type). 1287 1288 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1289 129020090319: 1291 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1292 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1293 (supported by sane). 1294 129520090319: 1296 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1297 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1298 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1299 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1300 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1301 130220090315: 1303 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1304 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1305 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1306 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1307 used. 1308 130920090313: 1310 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1311 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1312 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1313 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1314 131520090313: 1316 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1317 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1318 131920090309: 1320 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1321 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1322 1323 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1324 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1325 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1326 1327 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1328 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1329 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1330 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1331 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1332 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1333 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1334 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1335 1336 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1337 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1338 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1339 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1340 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1341 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1342 1343 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1344 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1345 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1346 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1347 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1348 1349 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1350 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1351 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1352 via IGMP. 1353 1354 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1355 recompiled to reflect this. 1356 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1357 135820090309: 1359 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1360 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1361 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1362 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1363 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1364 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1365 136620090302: 1367 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1368 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1369 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1370 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1371 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1372 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1373 137420090301: 1375 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1376 network device driver modules. 1377 137820090227: 1379 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1380 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1381 138220090223: 1383 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1384 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1385 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1386 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1387 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1388 apply. 1389 139020090217: 1391 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1392 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1393 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1394 use the new name. 1395 139620090216: 1397 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1398 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1399 add 1400 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1401 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1402 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1403 140420090215: 1405 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1406 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1407 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1408 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1409 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1410 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1411 1412 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1413 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1414 be used for this: 1415 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1416 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1417 141820090209: 1419 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1420 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1421 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1422 142320090203: 1424 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1425 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1426 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1427 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1428 same interface. 1429 143020090201: 1431 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1432 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1433 143420090119: 1435 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1436 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1437 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1438 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1439 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1440 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1441 144220090115: 1443 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1444 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1445 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1446 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1447 144820081225: 1449 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1450 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1451 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1452 in next mpd5.3 release. 1453 145420081219: 1455 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1456 the base system (it was a port). 1457 145820081216: 1459 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1460 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1461 146220081214: 1463 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1464 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1465 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1466 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1467 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1468 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1469 none of the L2 information. 1470 147120081130: 1472 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1473 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1474 1475 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1476 1477 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1478 1479 device ath_hal 1480 1481 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1482 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1483 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1484 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1485 148620081121: 1487 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1488 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1489 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1490 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1491 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1492 packets. 1493 149420081117: 1495 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1496 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1497 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1498 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1499 150020081028: 1501 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1502 150320081009: 1504 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1505 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1506 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1507 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1508 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1509 1510 uhci_load="YES" 1511 ehci_load="YES" 1512 151320081009: 1514 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1515 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1516 sync. 1517 151820081009: 1519 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1520 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1521 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1522 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1523 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1524 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1525 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1526 152720080820: 1528 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1529 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1530 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1531 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1532 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1533 1534 PCI/ISA: 1535 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1536 1537 USB: 1538 ubser, ucycom 1539 1540 Line disciplines: 1541 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1542 1543 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1544 cause compilation to fail. 1545 154620080818: 1547 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1548 154920080801: 1550 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1551 1552 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1553 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1554 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1555 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1556 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1557 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1558 accepting the RSA key. 1559 1560 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1561 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1562 command line. 1563 1564 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1565 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1566 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1567 behavior. 1568 156920080713: 1570 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1571 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1572 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1573 1574 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1575 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1576 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1577 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1578 use the new device names. 1579 1580 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1581 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1582 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1583 at the loader prompt: 1584 1585 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1586 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1587 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1588 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1589 boot -s 1590 159120080609: 1592 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1593 disks instead. 1594 159520080603: 1596 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1597 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1598 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1599 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1600 160120080525: 1602 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1603 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1604 160520080509: 1606 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1607 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1608 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1609 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1610 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1611 161220080420: 1613 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1614 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1615 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1616 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1617 For example, change: 1618 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1619 to 1620 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1621 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1622 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1623 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1624 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1625 1626 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1627 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1628 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1629 163020080408: 1631 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1632 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1633 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1634 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1635 other operation levels. 1636 163720080312: 1638 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1639 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1640 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1641 compatibility with any prior release: 1642 1643 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1644 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1645 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1646 164720080301: 1648 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1649 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1650 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1651 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1652 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1653 nonetheless. 1654 165520080229: 1656 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1657 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1658 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1659 with older hardware easier to do. 1660 166120080220: 1662 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1663 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1664 166520080211: 1666 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1667 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1668 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1669 firewall rules. 1670 167120080208: 1672 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1673 mbuf chains. 1674 167520080126: 1676 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1677 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1678 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1679 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1680 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1681 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1682 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1683 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1684 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1685 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1686 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1687 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1688 168920080123: 1690 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1691 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1692 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1693 169420071128: 1695 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1696 functionality is the default now. 1697 169820071118: 1699 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1700 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1701 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1702 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1703 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1704 1705 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1706 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1707 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1708 170920071024: 1710 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1711 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1712 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1713 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1714 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1715 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1716 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1717 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1718 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1719 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1720 however. 1721 172220071020: 1723 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1724 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1725 used kproc_start().. 1726 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1727 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1728 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1729 173020071010: 1731 RELENG_7 branched. 1732 1733COMMON ITEMS: 1734 1735 General Notes 1736 ------------- 1737 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1738 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1739 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1740 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1741 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1742 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1743 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1744 1745 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1746 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1747 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1748 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1749 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1750 1751 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1752 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1753 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1754 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1755 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1756 1757 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1758 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1759 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1760 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1761 1762 ZFS notes 1763 --------- 1764 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1765 these two steps: 1766 1767 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1768 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1769 1770 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1771 1772 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1773 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1774 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1775 1776 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1777 1778 To build a kernel 1779 ----------------- 1780 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1781 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1782 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1783 1784 make kernel-toolchain 1785 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1786 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1787 1788 To test a kernel once 1789 --------------------- 1790 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1791 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1792 debugging information) run 1793 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1794 nextboot -k testkernel 1795 1796 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1797 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1798 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1799 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1800 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1801 1802 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1803 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1804 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1805 make depend 1806 make 1807 make install 1808 1809 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1810 1811 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1812 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1813 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1814 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1815 1816 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1817 make buildworld 1818 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1819 [1] 1820 <reboot in single user> [3] 1821 mergemaster -p [5] 1822 make installworld 1823 mergemaster -i [4] 1824 make delete-old [6] 1825 <reboot> 1826 1827 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1828 -------------------------------------------------- 1829 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1830 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1831 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1832 # size. 1833 1834 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1835 <boot into -stable> 1836 make buildworld 1837 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1838 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1839 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1840 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1841 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1842 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1843 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1844 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1845 <reboot into current> 1846 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1847 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1848 <reboot> 1849 1850 1851 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1852 ---------------------------------------------- 1853 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1854 make buildworld [9] 1855 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1856 [1] 1857 <reboot in single user> [3] 1858 mergemaster -p [5] 1859 make installworld 1860 mergemaster -i [4] 1861 make delete-old [6] 1862 <reboot> 1863 1864 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1865 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1866 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1867 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1868 the UPDATING entries. 1869 1870 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1871 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1872 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1873 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1874 much fewer pitfalls. 1875 1876 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1877 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1878 system on reboot. 1879 1880 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1881 fsck -p 1882 mount -u / 1883 mount -a 1884 cd src 1885 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1886 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1887 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1888 1889 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1890 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1891 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1892 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1893 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1894 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1895 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1896 1897 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1898 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1899 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1900 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1901 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1902 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1903 1904 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1905 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1906 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1907 1908 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1909 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1910 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1911 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1912 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1913 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1914 1915 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1916 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1917 1918 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1919 cvs prune empty directories. 1920 1921 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1922 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1923 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1924 1925 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1926 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1927 warn if it is improperly defined. 1928FORMAT: 1929 1930This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1931breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1932list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1933If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1934to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1935 1936Copyright information: 1937 1938Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1939 1940Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1941modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1942document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1943 1944THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1945IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1946WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1947DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1948INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1949(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1950SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1951HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1952STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1953IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1954POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1955 1956Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1957this document. 1958 1959$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 254273 2013-08-13 07:15:01Z peter $ 1960