UPDATING revision 249714
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130404: 35 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 36 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 37 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 38 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 39 and removed. 40 4120130319: 42 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 43 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 44 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 45 binaries will not work on older kernels. 46 4720130308: 48 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 49 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 50 5120130304: 52 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 53 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 54 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 55 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 56 is requested. 57 58 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 59 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 60 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 61 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 62 in /boot/loader.conf. 63 6420130301: 65 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 66 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 67 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 68 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 69 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 70 7120130208: 72 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 73 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 74 75 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 76 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 77 7820130129: 79 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 80 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 81 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 82 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 83 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 84 8520130118: 86 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 87 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 88 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 89 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 90 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 91 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 92 use is expected to be extremely rare. 93 9420121223: 95 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 96 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 97 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 98 9920121222: 100 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 101 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 102 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 103 be updated. 104 10520121217: 106 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 107 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 108 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 109 110 savecore_flags="" 111 11220121201: 113 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 114 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 115 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 116 11720121117: 118 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 119 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 120 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 121 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 122 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 123 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 124 12520121105: 126 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 127 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 128 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 129 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 130 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 131 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 132 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 133 branch point). 134 13520121102: 136 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 137 functionality now turned on by default. 138 13920121023: 140 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 141 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 142 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 143 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 144 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 145 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 146 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 147 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 148 of the two kernel options. 149 15020121023: 151 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 152 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 153 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 154 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 155 15620121022: 157 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 158 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 159 recompiled. 160 16120121018: 162 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 163 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 164 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 165 16620121016: 167 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 168 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 169 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 170 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 171 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 172 17320121015: 174 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 175 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 176 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 177 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 178 17920121014: 180 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 181 18220121013: 183 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 184 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 185 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 186 knob has also gone. 187 18820121006: 189 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 190 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 191 with new kernel. 192 19320121001: 194 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 195 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 196 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 197 19820120913: 199 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 200 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 201 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 202 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 203 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 204 configurations. 205 20620120908: 207 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 208 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 209 21020120828: 211 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 212 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 213 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 214 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 215 manual page. 216 21720120727: 218 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 219 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 220 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 221 22220120712: 223 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 224 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 225 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 226 22720120712: 228 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 229 with other variables: 230 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 231 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 232 23320120628: 234 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 235 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 236 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 237 installed as "bsdsort". 238 23920120611: 240 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 241 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 242 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 243 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 244 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 245 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 246 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 247 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 248 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 249 25020120417: 251 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 252 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 253 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 254 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 255 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 256 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 257 NAMESPACE section). 258 25920120328: 260 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 261 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 262 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 263 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 264 settings are unchanged. 265 26620120306: 267 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 268 platforms. 269 27020120229: 271 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 272 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 273 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 274 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 275 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 276 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 277 27820120211: 279 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 280 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 281 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 282 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 283 comes from 20111215. 284 28520120114: 286 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 287 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 288 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 289 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 290 291 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 292 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 293 29420120109: 295 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 296 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 297 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 298 tunable/sysctl. 299 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 300 30120111215: 302 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 303 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 304 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 305 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 306 not supported anymore. 307 308 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 309 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 310 need to be recompiled. 311 31220111122: 313 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 314 /dev/wmistat0. 315 31620111108: 317 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 318 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 319 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 320 time. 321 32220111101: 323 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 324 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 325 32620110930: 327 sysinstall has been removed 328 32920110923: 330 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 331 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 332 33320110913: 334 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 335 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 336 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 337 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 338 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 339 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 340 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 341 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 342 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 343 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 344 34520110828: 346 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 347 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 348 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 349 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 350 35120110815: 352 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 353 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 354 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 355 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 356 357 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 358 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 359 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 360 36120110628: 362 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 363 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 364 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 365 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 366 36720110608: 368 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 369 machdep.hlt_cpus 370 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 371 The following sysctl is retired: 372 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 373 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 374 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 375 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 376 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 377 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 378 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 379 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 380 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 381 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 382 a default scheduler. 383 38420110607: 385 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 386 a mask of CPUs. 387 38820110531: 389 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 390 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 391 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 392 world. 393 39420110513: 395 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 396 39720110503: 398 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 399 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 400 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 401 drivers need to be recompiled. 402 403 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 404 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 405 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 406 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 407 branches. 408 40920110430: 410 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 411 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 412 41320110427: 414 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 415 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 416 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 417 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 418 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 419 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 420 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 421 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 422 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 423 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 424 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 425 426 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 427 428 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 429 a diskless root fs use the old client. 430 43120110424: 432 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 433 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 434 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 435 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 436 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 437 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 438 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 439 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 440 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 441 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 442 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 443 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 444 445 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 446 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 447 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 448 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 449 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 450 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 451 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 452 them are parts of the cam module. 453 454 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 455 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 456 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 457 458 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 459 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 460 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 461 options ATA_CAM 462 device ahci 463 device mvs 464 device siis 465 , and instead add back: 466 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 467 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 468 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 469 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 470 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 471 47220110423: 473 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 474 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 475 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 476 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 477 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 478 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 479 48020110418: 481 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 482 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 483 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 484 48520110331: 486 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 487 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 488 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 489 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 490 in order to use ath on everything else. 491 492 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 493 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 494 49520110314: 496 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 497 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 498 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 499 50020110218: 501 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 502 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 503 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 504 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 505 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 506 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 507 50820110218: 509 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 510 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 511 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 512 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 513 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 514 authentication). 515 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 516 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 517 51820110207: 519 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 520 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 521 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 522 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 523 The function remains undocumented. 524 52520110112: 526 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 527 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 528 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 529 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 530 systems where the define is not present can check against 531 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 532 533 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 534 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 535 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 536 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 537 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 538 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 539 54020110103: 541 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 542 the following warning: 543 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 544 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 545 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 546 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 547 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 548 install it on your system. 549 550 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 551 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 552 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 553 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 554 55520101228: 556 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 557 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 558 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 559 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 560 be recompiled. 561 56220101114: 563 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 564 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 565 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 566 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 567 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 568 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 569 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 570 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 571 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 572 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 573 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 574 it, for example via: 575 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 576 577 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 578 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 579 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 580 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 581 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 582 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 583 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 584 585 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 586 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 587 58820101111: 589 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 590 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 591 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 592 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 593 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 594 59520101002: 596 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 597 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 598 migrate local entries to the new format. 599 60020100928: 601 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 602 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 603 upstream sshd. 604 60520100915: 606 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 607 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 608 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 609 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 610 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 611 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 612 61320100913: 614 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 615 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 616 617 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 618 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 619 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 620 default is "AUTO". 621 622 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 623 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 624 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 625 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 626 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 627 628 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 629 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 630 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 631 63220100913: 633 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 634 now i386 and amd64 only. 635 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 636 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 637 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 638 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 639 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 640 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 641 64220100725: 643 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 644 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 645 64620100722: 647 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 648 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 649 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 650 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 651 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 652 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 653 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 654 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 655 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 656 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 657 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 658 65920100713: 660 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 661 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 662 machine powerpc powerpc 663 664 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 665 after this change. 666 66720100713: 668 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 669 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 670 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 671 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 672 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 673 67420100429: 675 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 676 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 677 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 678 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 679 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 680 68120100402: 682 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 683 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 684 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 685 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 686 WITH_CTF=yes"). 687 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 688 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 689 to unwanted behavior. 690 69120100311: 692 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 693 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 694 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 695 be modified accordingly. 696 69720100113: 698 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 699 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 700 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 701 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 702 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 703 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 704 705 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 706 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 707 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 708 use of utmpx. 709 710 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 711 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 712 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 713 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 714 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 715 71620100108: 717 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 718 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 719 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 720 72120091202: 722 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 723 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 724 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 725 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 726 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 727 728 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 729 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 730 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 731 732 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 733 73420091125: 735 8.0-RELEASE. 736 73720091113: 738 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 739 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 740 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 741 operation of applications on the console. 742 743 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 744 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 745 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 746 cons25. 747 748 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 749 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 750 performed by syscons(4). 751 75220091109: 753 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 754 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 755 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 756 757 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 758 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 759 new structure. 760 76120091025: 762 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 763 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 764 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 765 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 766 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 767 iwn5150fw. 768 76920090926: 770 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 771 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 772 773 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 774 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 775 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 776 777 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 778 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 779 780 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 781 they are obsolete. 782 783 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 784 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 785 786 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 787 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 788 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 789 790 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 791 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 792 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 793 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 794 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 795 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 796 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 797 using ifconfig(8) like: 798 799 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 800 801 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 802 IPv6-preferred. 803 804 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 805 806 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 807 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 808 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 809 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 810 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 811 81220090922: 813 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 814 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 815 81620090912: 817 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 818 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 819 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 820 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 821 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 822 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 823 82420090910: 825 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 826 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 827 82820090825: 829 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 830 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 831 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 832 is 1000. 833 83420090813: 835 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 836 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 837 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 838 83920090803: 840 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 841 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 842 84320090719: 844 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 845 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 846 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 847 84820090714: 849 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 850 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 851 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 852 85320090713: 854 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 855 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 856 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 857 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 858 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 859 86020090712: 861 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 862 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 863 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 864 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 865 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 866 86720090630: 868 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 869 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 870 may need to be adjusted. 871 87220090629: 873 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 874 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 875 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 876 with routing sockets. 877 87820090628: 879 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 880 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 881 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 882 88320090624: 884 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 885 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 886 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 887 800100. 888 88920090622: 890 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 891 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 892 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 893 89420090619: 895 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 896 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 897 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 898 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 899 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 900 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 901 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 902 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 903 904 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 905 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 906 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 907 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 908 authentication method is used. 909 91020090616: 911 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 912 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 913 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 914 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 915 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 916 91720090613: 918 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 919 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 920 92120090611: 922 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 923 be rebuilt. 924 92520090608: 926 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 927 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 928 92920090602: 930 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 931 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 932 93320090601: 934 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 935 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 936 re-compiled. 937 93820090601: 939 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 940 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 941 rebuilt. 942 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 943 94420090530: 945 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 946 more valid. 947 94820090530: 949 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 950 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 951 95220090529: 953 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 954 rebuilt. 955 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 956 95720090528: 958 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 959 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 960 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 961 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 962 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 963 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 964 96520090527: 966 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 967 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 968 96920090523: 970 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 971 need to be rebuilt. 972 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 973 97420090523: 975 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 976 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 977 97820090520: 979 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 980 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 981 98220090520: 983 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 984 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 985 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 986 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 987 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 988 98920090430: 990 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 991 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 992 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 993 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 994 correctly checking networking state from userland. 995 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 996 99720090429: 998 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 999 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1000 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1001 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1002 1003 For kernel developers: 1004 1005 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1006 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1007 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1008 1009 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1010 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1011 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1012 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1013 1014 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1015 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1016 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1017 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1018 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1019 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1020 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1021 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1022 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1023 multicast membership on-link. 1024 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1025 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1026 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1027 1028 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1029 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1030 stack. 1031 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1032 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1033 semantics. 1034 1035 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1036 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1037 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1038 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1039 1040 For application developers: 1041 1042 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1043 stack. 1044 1045 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1046 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1047 1048 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1049 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1050 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1051 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1052 1053 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1054 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1055 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1056 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1057 Multicast Source Filters'. 1058 1059 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1060 1061 For systems administrators: 1062 1063 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1064 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1065 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1066 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1067 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1068 1069 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1070 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1071 1072 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1073 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1074 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1075 recommended for optimal system performance. 1076 1077 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1078 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1079 back forwarded datagrams. 1080 1081 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1082 108320090422: 1084 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1085 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1086 108720090419: 1088 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1089 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1090 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1091 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1092 109320090415: 1094 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1095 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1096 state will require a world rebuild. 1097 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1098 109920090415: 1100 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1101 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1102 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1103 110420090414: 1105 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1106 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1107 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1108 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1109 load balancing. 1110 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1111 111220090408: 1113 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1114 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1115 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1116 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1117 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1118 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1119 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1120 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1121 112220090407: 1123 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1124 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1125 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1126 112720090320: 1128 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1129 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1130 introduces some changes: 1131 1132 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1133 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1134 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1135 1136 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1137 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1138 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1139 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1140 1141 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1142 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1143 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1144 the "386BSD" type). 1145 1146 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1147 114820090319: 1149 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1150 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1151 (supported by sane). 1152 115320090319: 1154 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1155 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1156 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1157 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1158 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1159 116020090315: 1161 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1162 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1163 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1164 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1165 used. 1166 116720090313: 1168 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1169 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1170 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1171 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1172 117320090313: 1174 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1175 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1176 117720090309: 1178 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1179 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1180 1181 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1182 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1183 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1184 1185 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1186 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1187 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1188 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1189 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1190 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1191 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1192 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1193 1194 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1195 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1196 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1197 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1198 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1199 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1200 1201 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1202 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1203 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1204 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1205 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1206 1207 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1208 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1209 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1210 via IGMP. 1211 1212 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1213 recompiled to reflect this. 1214 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1215 121620090309: 1217 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1218 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1219 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1220 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1221 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1222 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1223 122420090302: 1225 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1226 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1227 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1228 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1229 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1230 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1231 123220090301: 1233 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1234 network device driver modules. 1235 123620090227: 1237 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1238 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1239 124020090223: 1241 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1242 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1243 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1244 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1245 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1246 apply. 1247 124820090217: 1249 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1250 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1251 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1252 use the new name. 1253 125420090216: 1255 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1256 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1257 add 1258 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1259 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1260 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1261 126220090215: 1263 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1264 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1265 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1266 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1267 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1268 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1269 1270 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1271 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1272 be used for this: 1273 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1274 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1275 127620090209: 1277 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1278 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1279 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1280 128120090203: 1282 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1283 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1284 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1285 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1286 same interface. 1287 128820090201: 1289 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1290 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1291 129220090119: 1293 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1294 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1295 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1296 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1297 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1298 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1299 130020090115: 1301 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1302 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1303 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1304 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1305 130620081225: 1307 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1308 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1309 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1310 in next mpd5.3 release. 1311 131220081219: 1313 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1314 the base system (it was a port). 1315 131620081216: 1317 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1318 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1319 132020081214: 1321 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1322 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1323 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1324 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1325 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1326 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1327 none of the L2 information. 1328 132920081130: 1330 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1331 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1332 1333 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1334 1335 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1336 1337 device ath_hal 1338 1339 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1340 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1341 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1342 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1343 134420081121: 1345 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1346 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1347 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1348 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1349 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1350 packets. 1351 135220081117: 1353 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1354 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1355 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1356 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1357 135820081028: 1359 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1360 136120081009: 1362 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1363 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1364 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1365 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1366 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1367 1368 uhci_load="YES" 1369 ehci_load="YES" 1370 137120081009: 1372 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1373 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1374 sync. 1375 137620081009: 1377 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1378 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1379 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1380 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1381 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1382 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1383 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1384 138520080820: 1386 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1387 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1388 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1389 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1390 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1391 1392 PCI/ISA: 1393 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1394 1395 USB: 1396 ubser, ucycom 1397 1398 Line disciplines: 1399 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1400 1401 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1402 cause compilation to fail. 1403 140420080818: 1405 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1406 140720080801: 1408 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1409 1410 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1411 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1412 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1413 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1414 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1415 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1416 accepting the RSA key. 1417 1418 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1419 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1420 command line. 1421 1422 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1423 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1424 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1425 behavior. 1426 142720080713: 1428 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1429 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1430 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1431 1432 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1433 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1434 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1435 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1436 use the new device names. 1437 1438 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1439 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1440 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1441 at the loader prompt: 1442 1443 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1444 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1445 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1446 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1447 boot -s 1448 144920080609: 1450 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1451 disks instead. 1452 145320080603: 1454 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1455 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1456 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1457 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1458 145920080525: 1460 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1461 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1462 146320080509: 1464 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1465 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1466 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1467 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1468 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1469 147020080420: 1471 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1472 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1473 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1474 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1475 For example, change: 1476 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1477 to 1478 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1479 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1480 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1481 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1482 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1483 1484 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1485 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1486 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1487 148820080408: 1489 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1490 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1491 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1492 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1493 other operation levels. 1494 149520080312: 1496 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1497 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1498 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1499 compatibility with any prior release: 1500 1501 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1502 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1503 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1504 150520080301: 1506 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1507 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1508 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1509 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1510 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1511 nonetheless. 1512 151320080229: 1514 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1515 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1516 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1517 with older hardware easier to do. 1518 151920080220: 1520 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1521 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1522 152320080211: 1524 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1525 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1526 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1527 firewall rules. 1528 152920080208: 1530 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1531 mbuf chains. 1532 153320080126: 1534 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1535 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1536 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1537 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1538 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1539 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1540 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1541 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1542 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1543 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1544 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1545 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1546 154720080123: 1548 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1549 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1550 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1551 155220071128: 1553 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1554 functionality is the default now. 1555 155620071118: 1557 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1558 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1559 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1560 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1561 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1562 1563 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1564 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1565 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1566 156720071024: 1568 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1569 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1570 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1571 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1572 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1573 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1574 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1575 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1576 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1577 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1578 however. 1579 158020071020: 1581 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1582 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1583 used kproc_start().. 1584 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1585 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1586 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1587 158820071010: 1589 RELENG_7 branched. 1590 1591COMMON ITEMS: 1592 1593 General Notes 1594 ------------- 1595 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1596 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1597 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1598 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1599 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1600 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1601 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1602 1603 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1604 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1605 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1606 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1607 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1608 1609 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1610 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1611 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1612 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1613 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1614 1615 When upgrading a life system, having a root shell around before 1616 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1617 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1618 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1619 1620 ZFS notes 1621 --------- 1622 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1623 these two steps: 1624 1625 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1626 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1627 1628 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1629 1630 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1631 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1632 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1633 1634 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1635 1636 To build a kernel 1637 ----------------- 1638 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1639 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1640 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1641 1642 make kernel-toolchain 1643 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1644 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1645 1646 To test a kernel once 1647 --------------------- 1648 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1649 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1650 debugging information) run 1651 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1652 nextboot -k testkernel 1653 1654 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1655 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1656 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1657 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1658 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1659 1660 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1661 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1662 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1663 make depend 1664 make 1665 make install 1666 1667 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1668 1669 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1670 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1671 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1672 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1673 1674 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1675 make buildworld 1676 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1677 [1] 1678 <reboot in single user> [3] 1679 mergemaster -p [5] 1680 make installworld 1681 mergemaster -i [4] 1682 make delete-old [6] 1683 <reboot> 1684 1685 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1686 -------------------------------------------------- 1687 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1688 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1689 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1690 # size. 1691 1692 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1693 <boot into -stable> 1694 make buildworld 1695 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1696 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1697 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1698 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1699 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1700 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1701 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1702 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1703 <reboot into current> 1704 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1705 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1706 <reboot> 1707 1708 1709 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1710 ---------------------------------------------- 1711 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1712 make buildworld [9] 1713 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1714 [1] 1715 <reboot in single user> [3] 1716 mergemaster -p [5] 1717 make installworld 1718 mergemaster -i [4] 1719 make delete-old [6] 1720 <reboot> 1721 1722 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1723 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1724 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1725 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1726 the UPDATING entries. 1727 1728 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1729 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1730 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1731 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1732 much fewer pitfalls. 1733 1734 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1735 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1736 system on reboot. 1737 1738 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1739 fsck -p 1740 mount -u / 1741 mount -a 1742 cd src 1743 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1744 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1745 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1746 1747 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1748 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1749 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1750 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1751 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1752 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1753 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1754 1755 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1756 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1757 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1758 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1759 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1760 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1761 1762 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1763 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1764 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1765 1766 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1767 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1768 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1769 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1770 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1771 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1772 1773 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1774 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1775 1776 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1777 cvs prune empty directories. 1778 1779 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1780 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1781 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1782 1783 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1784 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1785 warn if it is improperly defined. 1786FORMAT: 1787 1788This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1789breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1790list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1791If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1792to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1793 1794Copyright information: 1795 1796Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1797 1798Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1799modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1800document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1801 1802THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1803IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1804WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1805DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1806INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1807(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1808SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1809HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1810STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1811IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1812POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1813 1814Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1815this document. 1816 1817$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 249714 2013-04-20 23:33:51Z imp $ 1818