UPDATING revision 152917
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420051129: 25 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 26 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 27 2820051029: 29 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 30 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 31 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 32 3320051001: 34 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 35 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 36 3720050927: 38 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 39 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 40 4120050722: 42 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 43 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 44 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 45 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 46 architecture. 47 4820050711: 49 RELENG_6 branched here. 50 5120050629: 52 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 53 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 54 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 55 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 56 removable_interfaces. 57 5820050616: 59 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 60 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 61 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 62 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 63 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 64 affect existing configurations. 65 6620050610: 67 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 68 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 69 updated to the new APIs. 70 7120050609: 72 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 73 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 74 will not behave correctly. 75 76 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 77 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 78 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 79 8020050606: 81 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 82 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 83 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 84 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 85 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 86 8720050605: 88 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 89 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 90 9120050603: 92 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 93 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 94 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 95 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 96 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 97 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 98 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 99 10020050528: 101 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 102 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 103 fail after this date. For full details, please see 104 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 105 10620050503: 107 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 108 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 109 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 110 11120050415: 112 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 113 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 114 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 115 should be updated. 116 11720050227: 118 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 119 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 120 when crossing this point. 121 12220050225: 123 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 124 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 125 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 126 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 127 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 128 none at this point.) 129 13020050224: 131 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 132 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 133 13420050223: 135 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 136 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 137 with the new kernel. 138 13920050223: 140 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 141 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 142 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 143 14420050220: 145 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 146 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 147 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 148 if you have updated the kernel. 149 150 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 151 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 152 mounting the new volume. 153 15420050206: 155 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 156 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 157 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 158 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 159 16020050206: 161 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 162 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 163 16420050114: 165 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 166 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 167 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 168 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 169 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 170 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 171 17220041221: 173 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 174 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 175 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 176 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 177 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 178 17920041219: 180 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 181 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 182 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 183 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 184 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 185 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 186 and wlan_xauth as required. 187 18820041213: 189 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 190 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 191 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 192 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 193 reflect the change. 194 19520041201: 196 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 197 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 198 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 199 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 200 the module when a wep key is configured). 201 20220041201: 203 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 204 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 205 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 206 20720041116: 208 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 209 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 210 21120041110: 212 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 213 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 214 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 215 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 216 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 217 their /etc/rc scripts. 218 21920041104: 220 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 221 22220041102: 223 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 224 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 225 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 226 22720041022: 228 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 229 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 230 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 231 23220041016: 233 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 234 in the RELENG_5 branch. 235 236COMMON ITEMS: 237 238 General Notes 239 ------------- 240 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 241 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 242 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 243 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 244 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 245 on the -current branch). 246 247 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 248 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 249 environment when searching for values for global variables. 250 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 251 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 252 page for more details. 253 254 To build a kernel 255 ----------------- 256 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 257 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 258 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 259 260 make kernel-toolchain 261 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 262 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 263 264 To test a kernel once 265 --------------------- 266 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 267 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 268 debugging information) run 269 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 270 nextboot -k testkernel 271 272 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 273 -------------------------------------------------------------- 274 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 275 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 276 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 277 278 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 279 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 280 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 281 make depend 282 make 283 make install 284 285 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 286 287 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 288 ----------------------------------------------------------- 289 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 290 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 291 292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 293 make buildworld 294 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 295 [1] 296 <reboot in single user> [3] 297 mergemaster -p [5] 298 make installworld 299 make delete-old 300 mergemaster [4] 301 <reboot> 302 303 304 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 305 -------------------------------------------------- 306 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 307 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 308 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 309 # size. 310 311 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 312 <boot into -stable> 313 make buildworld 314 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 315 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 316 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 317 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 318 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 319 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 320 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 321 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 322 <reboot into current> 323 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 324 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 325 <reboot> 326 327 328 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 329 ---------------------------------------------- 330 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 331 make buildworld [9] 332 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 333 [1] 334 <reboot in single user> [3] 335 mergemaster -p [5] 336 make installworld 337 make delete-old 338 mergemaster -i [4] 339 <reboot> 340 341 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 342 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 343 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 344 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 345 the UPDATING entries. 346 347 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 348 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 349 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 350 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 351 much fewer pitfalls. 352 353 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 354 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 355 system on reboot. 356 357 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 358 fsck -p 359 mount -u / 360 mount -a 361 cd src 362 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 363 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 364 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 365 366 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 367 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 368 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 369 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 370 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 371 for potential gotchas. 372 373 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 374 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 375 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 376 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 377 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 378 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 379 380 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 381 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 382 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 383 that is hard to boot to recover. 384 385 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 386 last time you updated your kernel config file. 387 388 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 389 cvs prune empty directories. 390 391 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 392 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 393 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 394 395 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 396 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 397 warn if it is improperly defined. 398FORMAT: 399 400This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 401breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 402and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 403previous releases if your system is older than this. 404 405Copyright information: 406 407Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 408 409Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 410modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 411document are permitted without further permission from the author. 412 413THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 414IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 415WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 416DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 417INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 418(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 419SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 420HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 421STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 422IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 423POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 424 425If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 426author a beer. 427 428Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 429this document. 430 431$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 152917 2005-11-29 08:59:41Z glebius $ 432