mkfs.c revision 186261
1185222Ssam/* $NetBSD: mkfs.c,v 1.20 2004/06/24 22:30:13 lukem Exp $ */ 2185222Ssam 3185222Ssam/* 4185222Ssam * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc. 5185222Ssam * All rights reserved. 6185222Ssam * 7185222Ssam * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall 8185222Ssam * Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security 9185222Ssam * Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR 10185222Ssam * contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS 11185222Ssam * research program 12185222Ssam * 13185222Ssam * Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 14185222Ssam * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 15185222Ssam * 16185222Ssam * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 17185222Ssam * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 18185222Ssam * are met: 19185222Ssam * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 20185222Ssam * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 21185222Ssam * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 22185222Ssam * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 23185222Ssam * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 24185222Ssam * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 25185222Ssam * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 26185222Ssam * without specific prior written permission. 27185222Ssam * 28185222Ssam * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 29185222Ssam * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 30185222Ssam * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 31185222Ssam * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 32185222Ssam * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 33185222Ssam * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 34185222Ssam * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 35185222Ssam * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 36185222Ssam * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 37185222Ssam * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 38185222Ssam * SUCH DAMAGE. 39185222Ssam */ 40185222Ssam 41185222Ssam#include <sys/cdefs.h> 42185222Ssam#ifndef lint 43185222Ssam#if 0 44185222Ssamstatic char sccsid[] = "@(#)mkfs.c 8.11 (Berkeley) 5/3/95"; 45185222Ssam#else 46185222Ssam#ifdef __RCSID 47185222Ssam__RCSID("$NetBSD: mkfs.c,v 1.20 2004/06/24 22:30:13 lukem Exp $"); 48185222Ssam#endif 49185222Ssam#endif 50185222Ssam#endif /* not lint */ 51185222Ssam 52185222Ssam#include <sys/param.h> 53185222Ssam#include <sys/time.h> 54185222Ssam#include <sys/resource.h> 55185222Ssam 56185222Ssam#include <stdio.h> 57185222Ssam#include <stdlib.h> 58185222Ssam#include <string.h> 59185222Ssam#include <unistd.h> 60185222Ssam#include <errno.h> 61185222Ssam 62185222Ssam#include "makefs.h" 63185222Ssam 64185222Ssam#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 65185222Ssam#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 66185222Ssam 67186261Ssam#include "ffs/ufs_bswap.h" 68185222Ssam#include "ffs/ufs_inode.h" 69185222Ssam#include "ffs/ffs_extern.h" 70185222Ssam#include "ffs/newfs_extern.h" 71185222Ssam 72185222Ssamstatic void initcg(int, time_t, const fsinfo_t *); 73185222Ssamstatic int ilog2(int); 74185222Ssam 75185222Ssamstatic int count_digits(int); 76185222Ssam 77185222Ssam/* 78185222Ssam * make file system for cylinder-group style file systems 79185222Ssam */ 80185222Ssam#define UMASK 0755 81185222Ssam#define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 82185222Ssam 83185222Ssamunion { 84185222Ssam struct fs fs; 85185222Ssam char pad[SBLOCKSIZE]; 86185222Ssam} fsun; 87185222Ssam#define sblock fsun.fs 88185222Ssamstruct csum *fscs; 89185222Ssam 90185222Ssamunion { 91185222Ssam struct cg cg; 92185222Ssam char pad[FFS_MAXBSIZE]; 93185222Ssam} cgun; 94185222Ssam#define acg cgun.cg 95185222Ssam 96185222Ssamchar *iobuf; 97185222Ssamint iobufsize; 98185222Ssam 99185222Ssamchar writebuf[FFS_MAXBSIZE]; 100185222Ssam 101185222Ssamstatic int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */ 102185222Ssamstatic int64_t fssize; /* file system size */ 103185222Ssamstatic int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 104185222Ssamstatic int fsize; /* fragment size */ 105185222Ssamstatic int bsize; /* block size */ 106185222Ssamstatic int maxbsize; /* maximum clustering */ 107185222Ssamstatic int maxblkspercg; 108185222Ssamstatic int minfree; /* free space threshold */ 109185222Ssamstatic int opt; /* optimization preference (space or time) */ 110185222Ssamstatic int density; /* number of bytes per inode */ 111185222Ssamstatic int maxcontig; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */ 112185222Ssamstatic int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */ 113185222Ssamstatic int sbsize; /* superblock size */ 114185222Ssamstatic int avgfilesize; /* expected average file size */ 115185222Ssamstatic int avgfpdir; /* expected number of files per directory */ 116185222Ssam 117185222Ssamstruct fs * 118185222Ssamffs_mkfs(const char *fsys, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 119185222Ssam{ 120185222Ssam int fragsperinode, optimalfpg, origdensity, minfpg, lastminfpg; 121185222Ssam int32_t cylno, i, csfrags; 122185222Ssam long long sizepb; 123185222Ssam void *space; 124185222Ssam int size, blks; 125185222Ssam int nprintcols, printcolwidth; 126185222Ssam 127185222Ssam Oflag = fsopts->version; 128185222Ssam fssize = fsopts->size / fsopts->sectorsize; 129185222Ssam sectorsize = fsopts->sectorsize; 130185222Ssam fsize = fsopts->fsize; 131185222Ssam bsize = fsopts->bsize; 132185222Ssam maxbsize = fsopts->maxbsize; 133185222Ssam maxblkspercg = fsopts->maxblkspercg; 134185222Ssam minfree = fsopts->minfree; 135185222Ssam opt = fsopts->optimization; 136185222Ssam density = fsopts->density; 137185222Ssam maxcontig = fsopts->maxcontig; 138185222Ssam maxbpg = fsopts->maxbpg; 139185222Ssam avgfilesize = fsopts->avgfilesize; 140185222Ssam avgfpdir = fsopts->avgfpdir; 141185222Ssam sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE; 142185222Ssam 143185222Ssam if (Oflag == 0) { 144185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_42INODEFMT; 145185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = 0; 146185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_flags = 0; 147185222Ssam } else { 148185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT; 149185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = (Oflag == 1 ? MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1 : 150185222Ssam MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2); 151185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_flags = FS_FLAGS_UPDATED; 152185222Ssam sblock.fs_flags = 0; 153185222Ssam } 154185222Ssam /* 155185222Ssam * Validate the given file system size. 156185222Ssam * Verify that its last block can actually be accessed. 157185222Ssam * Convert to file system fragment sized units. 158185222Ssam */ 159185222Ssam if (fssize <= 0) { 160185222Ssam printf("preposterous size %lld\n", (long long)fssize); 161185222Ssam exit(13); 162185222Ssam } 163185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fssize - 1, sectorsize, (char *)&sblock, fsopts); 164185222Ssam 165185222Ssam /* 166185222Ssam * collect and verify the filesystem density info 167185222Ssam */ 168185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfilesize = avgfilesize; 169185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfpdir = avgfpdir; 170185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_avgfilesize <= 0) 171185222Ssam printf("illegal expected average file size %d\n", 172185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfilesize), exit(14); 173185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_avgfpdir <= 0) 174185222Ssam printf("illegal expected number of files per directory %d\n", 175185222Ssam sblock.fs_avgfpdir), exit(15); 176185222Ssam /* 177185222Ssam * collect and verify the block and fragment sizes 178185222Ssam */ 179185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize = bsize; 180185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize = fsize; 181185222Ssam if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_bsize)) { 182185222Ssam printf("block size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 183185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize); 184185222Ssam exit(16); 185185222Ssam } 186185222Ssam if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_fsize)) { 187185222Ssam printf("fragment size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 188185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize); 189185222Ssam exit(17); 190185222Ssam } 191185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_fsize < sectorsize) { 192185222Ssam printf("fragment size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n", 193185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize, sectorsize); 194185222Ssam exit(18); 195185222Ssam } 196185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize < MINBSIZE) { 197185222Ssam printf("block size %d is too small, minimum is %d\n", 198185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, MINBSIZE); 199185222Ssam exit(19); 200185222Ssam } 201185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize > FFS_MAXBSIZE) { 202185222Ssam printf("block size %d is too large, maximum is %d\n", 203185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, FFS_MAXBSIZE); 204185222Ssam exit(19); 205185222Ssam } 206185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize < sblock.fs_fsize) { 207185222Ssam printf("block size (%d) cannot be smaller than fragment size (%d)\n", 208185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize); 209185222Ssam exit(20); 210185222Ssam } 211185222Ssam 212185222Ssam if (maxbsize < bsize || !POWEROF2(maxbsize)) { 213185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 214185222Ssam printf("Extent size set to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 215185222Ssam } else if (sblock.fs_maxbsize > FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize) { 216185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbsize = FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize; 217185222Ssam printf("Extent size reduced to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 218185222Ssam } else { 219185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbsize = maxbsize; 220185222Ssam } 221185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig; 222185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_maxcontig < sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize) { 223185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcontig = sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize; 224185222Ssam printf("Maxcontig raised to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 225185222Ssam } 226185222Ssam 227185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_maxcontig > 1) 228185222Ssam sblock.fs_contigsumsize = MIN(sblock.fs_maxcontig,FS_MAXCONTIG); 229185222Ssam 230185222Ssam sblock.fs_bmask = ~(sblock.fs_bsize - 1); 231185222Ssam sblock.fs_fmask = ~(sblock.fs_fsize - 1); 232185222Ssam sblock.fs_qbmask = ~sblock.fs_bmask; 233185222Ssam sblock.fs_qfmask = ~sblock.fs_fmask; 234185222Ssam for (sblock.fs_bshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_bsize; i > 1; i >>= 1) 235185222Ssam sblock.fs_bshift++; 236185222Ssam for (sblock.fs_fshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_fsize; i > 1; i >>= 1) 237185222Ssam sblock.fs_fshift++; 238185222Ssam sblock.fs_frag = numfrags(&sblock, sblock.fs_bsize); 239185222Ssam for (sblock.fs_fragshift = 0, i = sblock.fs_frag; i > 1; i >>= 1) 240185222Ssam sblock.fs_fragshift++; 241185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_frag > MAXFRAG) { 242185222Ssam printf("fragment size %d is too small, " 243185222Ssam "minimum with block size %d is %d\n", 244185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsize, sblock.fs_bsize, 245185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG); 246185222Ssam exit(21); 247185222Ssam } 248185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsbtodb = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize); 249185222Ssam sblock.fs_size = fssize = dbtofsb(&sblock, fssize); 250185222Ssam 251185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 252185222Ssam sblock.fs_magic = FS_UFS1_MAGIC; 253185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1; 254185222Ssam sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(int32_t); 255185222Ssam sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode); 256185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 257185222Ssam sizeof (int32_t)); 258185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT; 259185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cgoffset = 0; 260185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff; 261185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_size = sblock.fs_size; 262185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_rotdelay = 0; 263185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_rps = 60; 264185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_nspf = sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize; 265185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpg = 1; 266185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_interleave = 1; 267185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_trackskew = 0; 268185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpc = 0; 269185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_postblformat = 1; 270185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_nrpos = 1; 271185222Ssam } else { 272185222Ssam sblock.fs_magic = FS_UFS2_MAGIC; 273185222Ssam#if 0 /* XXX makefs is used for small filesystems. */ 274185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS2; 275185222Ssam#else 276185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1; 277185222Ssam#endif 278185222Ssam sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(int64_t); 279185222Ssam sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode); 280185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 281185222Ssam sizeof (int64_t)); 282185222Ssam } 283185222Ssam 284185222Ssam sblock.fs_sblkno = 285185222Ssam roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_sblockloc + SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), 286185222Ssam sblock.fs_frag); 287185222Ssam sblock.fs_cblkno = (daddr_t)(sblock.fs_sblkno + 288185222Ssam roundup(howmany(SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), sblock.fs_frag)); 289185222Ssam sblock.fs_iblkno = sblock.fs_cblkno + sblock.fs_frag; 290185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxfilesize = sblock.fs_bsize * NDADDR - 1; 291185222Ssam for (sizepb = sblock.fs_bsize, i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++) { 292185222Ssam sizepb *= NINDIR(&sblock); 293185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxfilesize += sizepb; 294185222Ssam } 295185222Ssam 296185222Ssam /* 297185222Ssam * Calculate the number of blocks to put into each cylinder group. 298185222Ssam * 299185222Ssam * This algorithm selects the number of blocks per cylinder 300185222Ssam * group. The first goal is to have at least enough data blocks 301185222Ssam * in each cylinder group to meet the density requirement. Once 302185222Ssam * this goal is achieved we try to expand to have at least 303185222Ssam * 1 cylinder group. Once this goal is achieved, we pack as 304185222Ssam * many blocks into each cylinder group map as will fit. 305185222Ssam * 306185222Ssam * We start by calculating the smallest number of blocks that we 307185222Ssam * can put into each cylinder group. If this is too big, we reduce 308185222Ssam * the density until it fits. 309185222Ssam */ 310185222Ssam origdensity = density; 311185222Ssam for (;;) { 312185222Ssam fragsperinode = MAX(numfrags(&sblock, density), 1); 313185222Ssam minfpg = fragsperinode * INOPB(&sblock); 314185222Ssam if (minfpg > sblock.fs_size) 315185222Ssam minfpg = sblock.fs_size; 316185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = INOPB(&sblock); 317185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 318185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 319185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 320185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 321185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 322185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 323185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 324185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 325185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 326185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 327185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 328185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 329185222Ssam if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 330185222Ssam break; 331185222Ssam density -= sblock.fs_fsize; 332185222Ssam } 333185222Ssam if (density != origdensity) 334185222Ssam printf("density reduced from %d to %d\n", origdensity, density); 335185222Ssam 336185222Ssam if (maxblkspercg <= 0 || maxblkspercg >= fssize) 337185222Ssam maxblkspercg = fssize - 1; 338185222Ssam /* 339185222Ssam * Start packing more blocks into the cylinder group until 340185222Ssam * it cannot grow any larger, the number of cylinder groups 341185222Ssam * drops below 1, or we reach the size requested. 342185222Ssam */ 343185222Ssam for ( ; sblock.fs_fpg < maxblkspercg; sblock.fs_fpg += sblock.fs_frag) { 344185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 345185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 346185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_size / sblock.fs_fpg < 1) 347185222Ssam break; 348185222Ssam if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 349185222Ssam continue; 350185222Ssam if (CGSIZE(&sblock) == (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 351185222Ssam break; 352185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 353185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 354185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 355185222Ssam break; 356185222Ssam } 357185222Ssam /* 358185222Ssam * Check to be sure that the last cylinder group has enough blocks 359185222Ssam * to be viable. If it is too small, reduce the number of blocks 360185222Ssam * per cylinder group which will have the effect of moving more 361185222Ssam * blocks into the last cylinder group. 362185222Ssam */ 363185222Ssam optimalfpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 364185222Ssam for (;;) { 365185222Ssam sblock.fs_ncg = howmany(sblock.fs_size, sblock.fs_fpg); 366185222Ssam lastminfpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 367185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 368185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_size < lastminfpg) { 369185222Ssam printf("Filesystem size %lld < minimum size of %d\n", 370185222Ssam (long long)sblock.fs_size, lastminfpg); 371185222Ssam exit(28); 372185222Ssam } 373185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg >= lastminfpg || 374185222Ssam sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg == 0) 375185222Ssam break; 376185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 377185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 378185222Ssam INOPB(&sblock)); 379185222Ssam } 380185222Ssam if (optimalfpg != sblock.fs_fpg) 381185222Ssam printf("Reduced frags per cylinder group from %d to %d %s\n", 382185222Ssam optimalfpg, sblock.fs_fpg, "to enlarge last cyl group"); 383185222Ssam sblock.fs_cgsize = fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock)); 384185222Ssam sblock.fs_dblkno = sblock.fs_iblkno + sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 385185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 386185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_spc = sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_old_nspf; 387185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_nsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 388185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_npsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 389185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_ncg; 390185222Ssam } 391185222Ssam 392185222Ssam /* 393185222Ssam * fill in remaining fields of the super block 394185222Ssam */ 395185222Ssam sblock.fs_csaddr = cgdmin(&sblock, 0); 396185222Ssam sblock.fs_cssize = 397185222Ssam fragroundup(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(struct csum)); 398185222Ssam 399185222Ssam /* 400185222Ssam * Setup memory for temporary in-core cylgroup summaries. 401185222Ssam * Cribbed from ffs_mountfs(). 402185222Ssam */ 403185222Ssam size = sblock.fs_cssize; 404185222Ssam blks = howmany(size, sblock.fs_fsize); 405185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 406185222Ssam size += sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(int32_t); 407185222Ssam if ((space = (char *)calloc(1, size)) == NULL) 408185222Ssam err(1, "memory allocation error for cg summaries"); 409185222Ssam sblock.fs_csp = space; 410185222Ssam space = (char *)space + sblock.fs_cssize; 411185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 412185222Ssam int32_t *lp; 413185222Ssam 414185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcluster = lp = space; 415185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_ncg; i++) 416185222Ssam *lp++ = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 417185222Ssam } 418185222Ssam 419185222Ssam sblock.fs_sbsize = fragroundup(&sblock, sizeof(struct fs)); 420185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_sbsize > SBLOCKSIZE) 421185222Ssam sblock.fs_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE; 422185222Ssam sblock.fs_minfree = minfree; 423185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig; 424185222Ssam sblock.fs_maxbpg = maxbpg; 425185222Ssam sblock.fs_optim = opt; 426185222Ssam sblock.fs_cgrotor = 0; 427185222Ssam sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0; 428185222Ssam sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0; 429185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0; 430185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 0; 431185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = 0; 432185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 0; 433185222Ssam sblock.fs_fmod = 0; 434185222Ssam sblock.fs_ronly = 0; 435185222Ssam sblock.fs_state = 0; 436185222Ssam sblock.fs_clean = FS_ISCLEAN; 437185222Ssam sblock.fs_ronly = 0; 438185222Ssam sblock.fs_id[0] = start_time.tv_sec; 439185222Ssam sblock.fs_id[1] = random(); 440185222Ssam sblock.fs_fsmnt[0] = '\0'; 441185222Ssam csfrags = howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 442185222Ssam sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_size - sblock.fs_sblkno - 443185222Ssam sblock.fs_ncg * (sblock.fs_dblkno - sblock.fs_sblkno); 444185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 445185222Ssam fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_dsize) - 446185222Ssam howmany(csfrags, sblock.fs_frag); 447185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 448185222Ssam fragnum(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) + 449185222Ssam (fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) > 0 ? 450185222Ssam sblock.fs_frag - fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) : 0); 451185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg - ROOTINO; 452185222Ssam sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0; 453185222Ssam sblock.fs_dsize -= csfrags; 454185222Ssam sblock.fs_time = start_time.tv_sec; 455185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 456185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_time = start_time.tv_sec; 457185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_dsize = sblock.fs_dsize; 458185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_csaddr = sblock.fs_csaddr; 459185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 460185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 461185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 462185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 463185222Ssam } 464185222Ssam /* 465185222Ssam * Dump out summary information about file system. 466185222Ssam */ 467185222Ssam#define B2MBFACTOR (1 / (1024.0 * 1024.0)) 468185222Ssam printf("%s: %.1fMB (%lld sectors) block size %d, " 469185222Ssam "fragment size %d\n", 470185222Ssam fsys, (float)sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 471185222Ssam (long long)fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size), 472185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize); 473185222Ssam printf("\tusing %d cylinder groups of %.2fMB, %d blks, " 474185222Ssam "%d inodes.\n", 475185222Ssam sblock.fs_ncg, 476185222Ssam (float)sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 477185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_frag, sblock.fs_ipg); 478185222Ssam#undef B2MBFACTOR 479185222Ssam /* 480185222Ssam * Now determine how wide each column will be, and calculate how 481185222Ssam * many columns will fit in a 76 char line. 76 is the width of the 482185222Ssam * subwindows in sysinst. 483185222Ssam */ 484185222Ssam printcolwidth = count_digits( 485185222Ssam fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg -1))); 486185222Ssam nprintcols = 76 / (printcolwidth + 2); 487185222Ssam 488185222Ssam /* 489185222Ssam * allocate space for superblock, cylinder group map, and 490185222Ssam * two sets of inode blocks. 491185222Ssam */ 492185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_bsize < SBLOCKSIZE) 493185222Ssam iobufsize = SBLOCKSIZE + 3 * sblock.fs_bsize; 494185222Ssam else 495185222Ssam iobufsize = 4 * sblock.fs_bsize; 496185222Ssam if ((iobuf = malloc(iobufsize)) == 0) { 497185222Ssam printf("Cannot allocate I/O buffer\n"); 498185222Ssam exit(38); 499185222Ssam } 500185222Ssam memset(iobuf, 0, iobufsize); 501185222Ssam /* 502185222Ssam * Make a copy of the superblock into the buffer that we will be 503185222Ssam * writing out in each cylinder group. 504185222Ssam */ 505185222Ssam memcpy(writebuf, &sblock, sbsize); 506185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 507185222Ssam ffs_sb_swap(&sblock, (struct fs*)writebuf); 508185222Ssam memcpy(iobuf, writebuf, SBLOCKSIZE); 509185222Ssam 510185222Ssam printf("super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at:"); 511185222Ssam for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++) { 512185222Ssam initcg(cylno, start_time.tv_sec, fsopts); 513185222Ssam if (cylno % nprintcols == 0) 514185222Ssam printf("\n"); 515185222Ssam printf(" %*lld,", printcolwidth, 516185222Ssam (long long)fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno))); 517185222Ssam fflush(stdout); 518185222Ssam } 519185222Ssam printf("\n"); 520185222Ssam 521185222Ssam /* 522185222Ssam * Now construct the initial file system, 523185222Ssam * then write out the super-block. 524185222Ssam */ 525185222Ssam sblock.fs_time = start_time.tv_sec; 526185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 527185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 528185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 529185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 530185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 531185222Ssam } 532185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 533185222Ssam sblock.fs_flags |= FS_SWAPPED; 534185222Ssam ffs_write_superblock(&sblock, fsopts); 535185222Ssam return (&sblock); 536185222Ssam} 537185222Ssam 538185222Ssam/* 539185222Ssam * Write out the superblock and its duplicates, 540185222Ssam * and the cylinder group summaries 541185222Ssam */ 542185222Ssamvoid 543185222Ssamffs_write_superblock(struct fs *fs, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 544185222Ssam{ 545185222Ssam int cylno, size, blks, i, saveflag; 546185222Ssam void *space; 547185222Ssam char *wrbuf; 548185222Ssam 549185222Ssam saveflag = fs->fs_flags & FS_INTERNAL; 550185222Ssam fs->fs_flags &= ~FS_INTERNAL; 551185222Ssam 552185222Ssam memcpy(writebuf, &sblock, sbsize); 553185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 554185222Ssam ffs_sb_swap(fs, (struct fs*)writebuf); 555185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fs->fs_sblockloc / sectorsize, sbsize, writebuf, fsopts); 556185222Ssam 557185222Ssam /* Write out the duplicate super blocks */ 558185222Ssam for (cylno = 0; cylno < fs->fs_ncg; cylno++) 559185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, cgsblock(fs, cylno)), 560185222Ssam sbsize, writebuf, fsopts); 561185222Ssam 562185222Ssam /* Write out the cylinder group summaries */ 563185222Ssam size = fs->fs_cssize; 564185222Ssam blks = howmany(size, fs->fs_fsize); 565185222Ssam space = (void *)fs->fs_csp; 566185222Ssam if ((wrbuf = malloc(size)) == NULL) 567185222Ssam err(1, "ffs_write_superblock: malloc %d", size); 568185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < blks; i+= fs->fs_frag) { 569185222Ssam size = fs->fs_bsize; 570185222Ssam if (i + fs->fs_frag > blks) 571185222Ssam size = (blks - i) * fs->fs_fsize; 572185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 573185222Ssam ffs_csum_swap((struct csum *)space, 574185222Ssam (struct csum *)wrbuf, size); 575185222Ssam else 576185222Ssam memcpy(wrbuf, space, (u_int)size); 577185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(fs, fs->fs_csaddr + i), size, wrbuf, fsopts); 578185222Ssam space = (char *)space + size; 579185222Ssam } 580185222Ssam free(wrbuf); 581185222Ssam fs->fs_flags |= saveflag; 582185222Ssam} 583185222Ssam 584185222Ssam/* 585185222Ssam * Initialize a cylinder group. 586185222Ssam */ 587185222Ssamstatic void 588185222Ssaminitcg(int cylno, time_t utime, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 589185222Ssam{ 590185222Ssam daddr_t cbase, dmax; 591185222Ssam int32_t i, j, d, dlower, dupper, blkno; 592185222Ssam struct ufs1_dinode *dp1; 593185222Ssam struct ufs2_dinode *dp2; 594185222Ssam int start; 595185222Ssam 596185222Ssam /* 597185222Ssam * Determine block bounds for cylinder group. 598185222Ssam * Allow space for super block summary information in first 599185222Ssam * cylinder group. 600185222Ssam */ 601185222Ssam cbase = cgbase(&sblock, cylno); 602185222Ssam dmax = cbase + sblock.fs_fpg; 603185222Ssam if (dmax > sblock.fs_size) 604185222Ssam dmax = sblock.fs_size; 605185222Ssam dlower = cgsblock(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 606185222Ssam dupper = cgdmin(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 607185222Ssam if (cylno == 0) 608185222Ssam dupper += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 609185222Ssam memset(&acg, 0, sblock.fs_cgsize); 610185222Ssam acg.cg_time = utime; 611185222Ssam acg.cg_magic = CG_MAGIC; 612185222Ssam acg.cg_cgx = cylno; 613185222Ssam acg.cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg; 614185222Ssam acg.cg_initediblk = sblock.fs_ipg < 2 * INOPB(&sblock) ? 615185222Ssam sblock.fs_ipg : 2 * INOPB(&sblock); 616185222Ssam acg.cg_ndblk = dmax - cbase; 617185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 618185222Ssam acg.cg_nclusterblks = acg.cg_ndblk >> sblock.fs_fragshift; 619185222Ssam start = &acg.cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&acg.cg_firstfield); 620185222Ssam if (Oflag == 2) { 621185222Ssam acg.cg_iusedoff = start; 622185222Ssam } else { 623185222Ssam if (cylno == sblock.fs_ncg - 1) 624185222Ssam acg.cg_old_ncyl = howmany(acg.cg_ndblk, 625185222Ssam sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_old_cpg); 626185222Ssam else 627185222Ssam acg.cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg; 628185222Ssam acg.cg_old_time = acg.cg_time; 629185222Ssam acg.cg_time = 0; 630185222Ssam acg.cg_old_niblk = acg.cg_niblk; 631185222Ssam acg.cg_niblk = 0; 632185222Ssam acg.cg_initediblk = 0; 633185222Ssam acg.cg_old_btotoff = start; 634185222Ssam acg.cg_old_boff = acg.cg_old_btotoff + 635185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t); 636185222Ssam acg.cg_iusedoff = acg.cg_old_boff + 637185222Ssam sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t); 638185222Ssam } 639185222Ssam acg.cg_freeoff = acg.cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT); 640185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize <= 0) { 641185222Ssam acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_freeoff + 642185222Ssam howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT); 643185222Ssam } else { 644185222Ssam acg.cg_clustersumoff = acg.cg_freeoff + 645185222Ssam howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT) - sizeof(int32_t); 646185222Ssam acg.cg_clustersumoff = 647185222Ssam roundup(acg.cg_clustersumoff, sizeof(int32_t)); 648185222Ssam acg.cg_clusteroff = acg.cg_clustersumoff + 649185222Ssam (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(int32_t); 650185222Ssam acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_clusteroff + 651185222Ssam howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT); 652185222Ssam } 653185222Ssam if (acg.cg_nextfreeoff > sblock.fs_cgsize) { 654185222Ssam printf("Panic: cylinder group too big\n"); 655185222Ssam exit(37); 656185222Ssam } 657185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree += sblock.fs_ipg; 658185222Ssam if (cylno == 0) 659185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < ROOTINO; i++) { 660186261Ssam setbit(cg_inosused_swap(&acg, 0), i); 661185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--; 662185222Ssam } 663185222Ssam if (cylno > 0) { 664185222Ssam /* 665185222Ssam * In cylno 0, beginning space is reserved 666185222Ssam * for boot and super blocks. 667185222Ssam */ 668185222Ssam for (d = 0, blkno = 0; d < dlower;) { 669186261Ssam ffs_setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 670185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 671186261Ssam setbit(cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 672185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 673185222Ssam d += sblock.fs_frag; 674185222Ssam blkno++; 675185222Ssam } 676185222Ssam } 677185222Ssam if ((i = (dupper & (sblock.fs_frag - 1))) != 0) { 678185222Ssam acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - i]++; 679185222Ssam for (d = dupper + sblock.fs_frag - i; dupper < d; dupper++) { 680186261Ssam setbit(cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), dupper); 681185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 682185222Ssam } 683185222Ssam } 684185222Ssam for (d = dupper, blkno = dupper >> sblock.fs_fragshift; 685185222Ssam d + sblock.fs_frag <= acg.cg_ndblk; ) { 686186261Ssam ffs_setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 687185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 688186261Ssam setbit(cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0), blkno); 689185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 690185222Ssam d += sblock.fs_frag; 691185222Ssam blkno++; 692185222Ssam } 693185222Ssam if (d < acg.cg_ndblk) { 694185222Ssam acg.cg_frsum[acg.cg_ndblk - d]++; 695185222Ssam for (; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d++) { 696186261Ssam setbit(cg_blksfree_swap(&acg, 0), d); 697185222Ssam acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 698185222Ssam } 699185222Ssam } 700185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 701186261Ssam int32_t *sump = cg_clustersum_swap(&acg, 0); 702186261Ssam u_char *mapp = cg_clustersfree_swap(&acg, 0); 703185222Ssam int map = *mapp++; 704185222Ssam int bit = 1; 705185222Ssam int run = 0; 706185222Ssam 707185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_nclusterblks; i++) { 708185222Ssam if ((map & bit) != 0) { 709185222Ssam run++; 710185222Ssam } else if (run != 0) { 711185222Ssam if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 712185222Ssam run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 713185222Ssam sump[run]++; 714185222Ssam run = 0; 715185222Ssam } 716185222Ssam if ((i & (CHAR_BIT - 1)) != (CHAR_BIT - 1)) { 717185222Ssam bit <<= 1; 718185222Ssam } else { 719185222Ssam map = *mapp++; 720185222Ssam bit = 1; 721185222Ssam } 722185222Ssam } 723185222Ssam if (run != 0) { 724185222Ssam if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 725185222Ssam run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 726185222Ssam sump[run]++; 727185222Ssam } 728185222Ssam } 729185222Ssam sblock.fs_cs(&sblock, cylno) = acg.cg_cs; 730185222Ssam /* 731185222Ssam * Write out the duplicate super block, the cylinder group map 732185222Ssam * and two blocks worth of inodes in a single write. 733185222Ssam */ 734185222Ssam start = sblock.fs_bsize > SBLOCKSIZE ? sblock.fs_bsize : SBLOCKSIZE; 735185222Ssam memcpy(&iobuf[start], &acg, sblock.fs_cgsize); 736185222Ssam if (fsopts->needswap) 737185222Ssam ffs_cg_swap(&acg, (struct cg*)&iobuf[start], &sblock); 738185222Ssam start += sblock.fs_bsize; 739185222Ssam dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 740185222Ssam dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 741185222Ssam for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_initediblk; i++) { 742185222Ssam if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 743185222Ssam /* No need to swap, it'll stay random */ 744185222Ssam dp1->di_gen = random(); 745185222Ssam dp1++; 746185222Ssam } else { 747185222Ssam dp2->di_gen = random(); 748185222Ssam dp2++; 749185222Ssam } 750185222Ssam } 751185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)), iobufsize, iobuf, 752185222Ssam fsopts); 753185222Ssam /* 754185222Ssam * For the old file system, we have to initialize all the inodes. 755185222Ssam */ 756185222Ssam if (Oflag <= 1) { 757185222Ssam for (i = 2 * sblock.fs_frag; 758185222Ssam i < sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 759185222Ssam i += sblock.fs_frag) { 760185222Ssam dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 761185222Ssam for (j = 0; j < INOPB(&sblock); j++) { 762185222Ssam dp1->di_gen = random(); 763185222Ssam dp1++; 764185222Ssam } 765185222Ssam ffs_wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgimin(&sblock, cylno) + i), 766185222Ssam sblock.fs_bsize, &iobuf[start], fsopts); 767185222Ssam } 768185222Ssam } 769185222Ssam} 770185222Ssam 771185222Ssam/* 772185222Ssam * read a block from the file system 773185222Ssam */ 774185222Ssamvoid 775185222Ssamffs_rdfs(daddr_t bno, int size, void *bf, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 776185222Ssam{ 777185222Ssam int n; 778185222Ssam off_t offset; 779185222Ssam 780185222Ssam offset = bno; 781185222Ssam offset *= fsopts->sectorsize; 782185222Ssam if (lseek(fsopts->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) 783185222Ssam err(1, "ffs_rdfs: seek error for sector %lld: %s\n", 784185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 785185222Ssam n = read(fsopts->fd, bf, size); 786185222Ssam if (n == -1) { 787185222Ssam abort(); 788185222Ssam err(1, "ffs_rdfs: read error bno %lld size %d", (long long)bno, 789185222Ssam size); 790185222Ssam } 791185222Ssam else if (n != size) 792185222Ssam errx(1, "ffs_rdfs: read error for sector %lld: %s\n", 793185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 794185222Ssam} 795185222Ssam 796185222Ssam/* 797185222Ssam * write a block to the file system 798185222Ssam */ 799185222Ssamvoid 800185222Ssamffs_wtfs(daddr_t bno, int size, void *bf, const fsinfo_t *fsopts) 801185222Ssam{ 802185222Ssam int n; 803185222Ssam off_t offset; 804185222Ssam 805185222Ssam offset = bno; 806185222Ssam offset *= fsopts->sectorsize; 807185222Ssam if (lseek(fsopts->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) 808185222Ssam err(1, "wtfs: seek error for sector %lld: %s\n", 809185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 810185222Ssam n = write(fsopts->fd, bf, size); 811185222Ssam if (n == -1) 812185222Ssam err(1, "wtfs: write error for sector %lld: %s\n", 813185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 814185222Ssam else if (n != size) 815185222Ssam errx(1, "wtfs: write error for sector %lld: %s\n", 816185222Ssam (long long)bno, strerror(errno)); 817185222Ssam} 818185222Ssam 819185222Ssam 820185222Ssam/* Determine how many digits are needed to print a given integer */ 821185222Ssamstatic int 822185222Ssamcount_digits(int num) 823185222Ssam{ 824185222Ssam int ndig; 825185222Ssam 826185222Ssam for(ndig = 1; num > 9; num /=10, ndig++); 827185222Ssam 828185222Ssam return (ndig); 829185222Ssam} 830185222Ssam 831185222Ssamstatic int 832185222Ssamilog2(int val) 833185222Ssam{ 834185222Ssam u_int n; 835185222Ssam 836185222Ssam for (n = 0; n < sizeof(n) * CHAR_BIT; n++) 837185222Ssam if (1 << n == val) 838185222Ssam return (n); 839185222Ssam errx(1, "ilog2: %d is not a power of 2\n", val); 840185222Ssam} 841