sx.h revision 197643
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 2007 Attilio Rao <attilio@freebsd.org>
3 * Copyright (c) 2001 Jason Evans <jasone@freebsd.org>
4 * All rights reserved.
5 *
6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * are met:
9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 *    notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as
11 *    the first lines of this file unmodified other than the possible
12 *    addition of one or more copyright notices.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY
18 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
19 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
20 * DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
21 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
22 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
23 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
24 * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
27 * DAMAGE.
28 *
29 * $FreeBSD: head/sys/sys/sx.h 197643 2009-09-30 13:26:31Z attilio $
30 */
31
32#ifndef	_SYS_SX_H_
33#define	_SYS_SX_H_
34
35#include <sys/_lock.h>
36#include <sys/_sx.h>
37
38#ifdef	_KERNEL
39#include <sys/pcpu.h>
40#include <sys/lock_profile.h>
41#include <sys/lockstat.h>
42#include <machine/atomic.h>
43#endif
44
45/*
46 * In general, the sx locks and rwlocks use very similar algorithms.
47 * The main difference in the implementations is how threads are
48 * blocked when a lock is unavailable.  For this, sx locks use sleep
49 * queues which do not support priority propagation, and rwlocks use
50 * turnstiles which do.
51 *
52 * The sx_lock field consists of several fields.  The low bit
53 * indicates if the lock is locked with a shared or exclusive lock.  A
54 * value of 0 indicates an exclusive lock, and a value of 1 indicates
55 * a shared lock.  Bit 1 is a boolean indicating if there are any
56 * threads waiting for a shared lock.  Bit 2 is a boolean indicating
57 * if there are any threads waiting for an exclusive lock.  Bit 3 is a
58 * boolean indicating if an exclusive lock is recursively held.  The
59 * rest of the variable's definition is dependent on the value of the
60 * first bit.  For an exclusive lock, it is a pointer to the thread
61 * holding the lock, similar to the mtx_lock field of mutexes.  For
62 * shared locks, it is a count of read locks that are held.
63 *
64 * When the lock is not locked by any thread, it is encoded as a
65 * shared lock with zero waiters.
66 */
67
68#define	SX_LOCK_SHARED			0x01
69#define	SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS		0x02
70#define	SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS	0x04
71#define	SX_LOCK_RECURSED		0x08
72#define	SX_LOCK_FLAGMASK						\
73	(SX_LOCK_SHARED | SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS |			\
74	SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS | SX_LOCK_RECURSED)
75
76#define	SX_OWNER(x)			((x) & ~SX_LOCK_FLAGMASK)
77#define	SX_SHARERS_SHIFT		4
78#define	SX_SHARERS(x)			(SX_OWNER(x) >> SX_SHARERS_SHIFT)
79#define	SX_SHARERS_LOCK(x)						\
80	((x) << SX_SHARERS_SHIFT | SX_LOCK_SHARED)
81#define	SX_ONE_SHARER			(1 << SX_SHARERS_SHIFT)
82
83#define	SX_LOCK_UNLOCKED		SX_SHARERS_LOCK(0)
84#define	SX_LOCK_DESTROYED						\
85	(SX_LOCK_SHARED_WAITERS | SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS)
86
87#ifdef _KERNEL
88
89/*
90 * Function prototipes.  Routines that start with an underscore are not part
91 * of the public interface and are wrappered with a macro.
92 */
93void	sx_sysinit(void *arg);
94#define	sx_init(sx, desc)	sx_init_flags((sx), (desc), 0)
95void	sx_init_flags(struct sx *sx, const char *description, int opts);
96void	sx_destroy(struct sx *sx);
97int	_sx_slock(struct sx *sx, int opts, const char *file, int line);
98int	_sx_xlock(struct sx *sx, int opts, const char *file, int line);
99int	_sx_try_slock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
100int	_sx_try_xlock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
101void	_sx_sunlock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
102void	_sx_xunlock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
103int	_sx_try_upgrade(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
104void	_sx_downgrade(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
105int	_sx_xlock_hard(struct sx *sx, uintptr_t tid, int opts,
106	    const char *file, int line);
107int	_sx_slock_hard(struct sx *sx, int opts, const char *file, int line);
108void	_sx_xunlock_hard(struct sx *sx, uintptr_t tid, const char *file, int
109	    line);
110void	_sx_sunlock_hard(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line);
111#if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
112void	_sx_assert(struct sx *sx, int what, const char *file, int line);
113#endif
114#ifdef DDB
115int	sx_chain(struct thread *td, struct thread **ownerp);
116#endif
117
118struct sx_args {
119	struct sx 	*sa_sx;
120	const char	*sa_desc;
121};
122
123#define	SX_SYSINIT(name, sxa, desc)					\
124	static struct sx_args name##_args = {				\
125		(sxa),							\
126		(desc)							\
127	};								\
128	SYSINIT(name##_sx_sysinit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
129	    sx_sysinit, &name##_args);					\
130	SYSUNINIT(name##_sx_sysuninit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
131	    sx_destroy, (sxa))
132
133/*
134 * Full lock operations that are suitable to be inlined in non-debug kernels.
135 * If the lock can't be acquired or released trivially then the work is
136 * deferred to 'tougher' functions.
137 */
138
139/* Acquire an exclusive lock. */
140static __inline int
141__sx_xlock(struct sx *sx, struct thread *td, int opts, const char *file,
142    int line)
143{
144	uintptr_t tid = (uintptr_t)td;
145	int error = 0;
146
147	if (!atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr(&sx->sx_lock, SX_LOCK_UNLOCKED, tid))
148		error = _sx_xlock_hard(sx, tid, opts, file, line);
149	else
150		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_OBTAIN_LOCK_SUCCESS(LS_SX_XLOCK_ACQUIRE,
151		    sx, 0, 0, file, line);
152
153	return (error);
154}
155
156/* Release an exclusive lock. */
157static __inline void
158__sx_xunlock(struct sx *sx, struct thread *td, const char *file, int line)
159{
160	uintptr_t tid = (uintptr_t)td;
161
162	if (!atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr(&sx->sx_lock, tid, SX_LOCK_UNLOCKED))
163		_sx_xunlock_hard(sx, tid, file, line);
164}
165
166/* Acquire a shared lock. */
167static __inline int
168__sx_slock(struct sx *sx, int opts, const char *file, int line)
169{
170	uintptr_t x = sx->sx_lock;
171	int error = 0;
172
173	if (!(x & SX_LOCK_SHARED) ||
174	    !atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr(&sx->sx_lock, x, x + SX_ONE_SHARER))
175		error = _sx_slock_hard(sx, opts, file, line);
176	else
177		LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_OBTAIN_LOCK_SUCCESS(LS_SX_SLOCK_ACQUIRE, sx, 0,
178		    0, file, line);
179
180	return (error);
181}
182
183/*
184 * Release a shared lock.  We can just drop a single shared lock so
185 * long as we aren't trying to drop the last shared lock when other
186 * threads are waiting for an exclusive lock.  This takes advantage of
187 * the fact that an unlocked lock is encoded as a shared lock with a
188 * count of 0.
189 */
190static __inline void
191__sx_sunlock(struct sx *sx, const char *file, int line)
192{
193	uintptr_t x = sx->sx_lock;
194
195	if (x == (SX_SHARERS_LOCK(1) | SX_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE_WAITERS) ||
196	    !atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr(&sx->sx_lock, x, x - SX_ONE_SHARER))
197		_sx_sunlock_hard(sx, file, line);
198}
199
200/*
201 * Public interface for lock operations.
202 */
203#ifndef LOCK_DEBUG
204#error	"LOCK_DEBUG not defined, include <sys/lock.h> before <sys/sx.h>"
205#endif
206#if	(LOCK_DEBUG > 0) || defined(SX_NOINLINE)
207#define	sx_xlock(sx)		(void)_sx_xlock((sx), 0, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
208#define	sx_xlock_sig(sx)						\
209	_sx_xlock((sx), SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
210#define	sx_xunlock(sx)		_sx_xunlock((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
211#define	sx_slock(sx)		(void)_sx_slock((sx), 0, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
212#define	sx_slock_sig(sx)						\
213	_sx_slock((sx), SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
214#define	sx_sunlock(sx)		_sx_sunlock((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
215#else
216#define	sx_xlock(sx)							\
217	(void)__sx_xlock((sx), curthread, 0, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
218#define	sx_xlock_sig(sx)						\
219	__sx_xlock((sx), curthread, SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
220#define	sx_xunlock(sx)							\
221	__sx_xunlock((sx), curthread, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
222#define	sx_slock(sx)		(void)__sx_slock((sx), 0, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
223#define	sx_slock_sig(sx)						\
224	__sx_slock((sx), SX_INTERRUPTIBLE, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
225#define	sx_sunlock(sx)		__sx_sunlock((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
226#endif	/* LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || SX_NOINLINE */
227#define	sx_try_slock(sx)	_sx_try_slock((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
228#define	sx_try_xlock(sx)	_sx_try_xlock((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
229#define	sx_try_upgrade(sx)	_sx_try_upgrade((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
230#define	sx_downgrade(sx)	_sx_downgrade((sx), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
231
232/*
233 * Return a pointer to the owning thread if the lock is exclusively
234 * locked.
235 */
236#define	sx_xholder(sx)							\
237	((sx)->sx_lock & SX_LOCK_SHARED ? NULL :			\
238	(struct thread *)SX_OWNER((sx)->sx_lock))
239
240#define	sx_xlocked(sx)							\
241	(((sx)->sx_lock & ~(SX_LOCK_FLAGMASK & ~SX_LOCK_SHARED)) ==	\
242	    (uintptr_t)curthread)
243
244#define	sx_unlock(sx) do {						\
245	if (sx_xlocked(sx))						\
246		sx_xunlock(sx);						\
247	else								\
248		sx_sunlock(sx);						\
249} while (0)
250
251#define	sx_sleep(chan, sx, pri, wmesg, timo)				\
252	_sleep((chan), &(sx)->lock_object, (pri), (wmesg), (timo))
253
254/*
255 * Options passed to sx_init_flags().
256 */
257#define	SX_DUPOK		0x01
258#define	SX_NOPROFILE		0x02
259#define	SX_NOWITNESS		0x04
260#define	SX_QUIET		0x08
261#define	SX_NOADAPTIVE		0x10
262#define	SX_RECURSE		0x20
263
264/*
265 * Options passed to sx_*lock_hard().
266 */
267#define	SX_INTERRUPTIBLE	0x40
268
269#if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
270#define	SA_LOCKED		LA_LOCKED
271#define	SA_SLOCKED		LA_SLOCKED
272#define	SA_XLOCKED		LA_XLOCKED
273#define	SA_UNLOCKED		LA_UNLOCKED
274#define	SA_RECURSED		LA_RECURSED
275#define	SA_NOTRECURSED		LA_NOTRECURSED
276
277/* Backwards compatability. */
278#define	SX_LOCKED		LA_LOCKED
279#define	SX_SLOCKED		LA_SLOCKED
280#define	SX_XLOCKED		LA_XLOCKED
281#define	SX_UNLOCKED		LA_UNLOCKED
282#define	SX_RECURSED		LA_RECURSED
283#define	SX_NOTRECURSED		LA_NOTRECURSED
284#endif
285
286#ifdef INVARIANTS
287#define	sx_assert(sx, what)	_sx_assert((sx), (what), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
288#else
289#define	sx_assert(sx, what)	(void)0
290#endif
291
292#endif /* _KERNEL */
293
294#endif /* !_SYS_SX_H_ */
295