pmap.h revision 342927
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
7 * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
8 *
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * are met:
12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 *
33 * Derived from hp300 version by Mike Hibler, this version by William
34 * Jolitz uses a recursive map [a pde points to the page directory] to
35 * map the page tables using the pagetables themselves. This is done to
36 * reduce the impact on kernel virtual memory for lots of sparse address
37 * space, and to reduce the cost of memory to each process.
38 *
39 *	from: hp300: @(#)pmap.h	7.2 (Berkeley) 12/16/90
40 *	from: @(#)pmap.h	7.4 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
41 * $FreeBSD: stable/11/sys/i386/include/pmap.h 342927 2019-01-11 02:09:48Z kib $
42 */
43
44#ifndef _MACHINE_PMAP_H_
45#define	_MACHINE_PMAP_H_
46
47/*
48 * Page-directory and page-table entries follow this format, with a few
49 * of the fields not present here and there, depending on a lot of things.
50 */
51				/* ---- Intel Nomenclature ---- */
52#define	PG_V		0x001	/* P	Valid			*/
53#define PG_RW		0x002	/* R/W	Read/Write		*/
54#define PG_U		0x004	/* U/S  User/Supervisor		*/
55#define	PG_NC_PWT	0x008	/* PWT	Write through		*/
56#define	PG_NC_PCD	0x010	/* PCD	Cache disable		*/
57#define PG_A		0x020	/* A	Accessed		*/
58#define	PG_M		0x040	/* D	Dirty			*/
59#define	PG_PS		0x080	/* PS	Page size (0=4k,1=4M)	*/
60#define	PG_PTE_PAT	0x080	/* PAT	PAT index		*/
61#define	PG_G		0x100	/* G	Global			*/
62#define	PG_AVAIL1	0x200	/*    /	Available for system	*/
63#define	PG_AVAIL2	0x400	/*   <	programmers use		*/
64#define	PG_AVAIL3	0x800	/*    \				*/
65#define	PG_PDE_PAT	0x1000	/* PAT	PAT index		*/
66#if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
67#define	PG_NX		(1ull<<63) /* No-execute */
68#endif
69
70
71/* Our various interpretations of the above */
72#define PG_W		PG_AVAIL1	/* "Wired" pseudoflag */
73#define	PG_MANAGED	PG_AVAIL2
74#define	PG_PROMOTED	PG_AVAIL3	/* PDE only */
75#if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
76#define	PG_FRAME	(0x000ffffffffff000ull)
77#define	PG_PS_FRAME	(0x000fffffffe00000ull)
78#else
79#define	PG_FRAME	(~PAGE_MASK)
80#define	PG_PS_FRAME	(0xffc00000)
81#endif
82#define	PG_PROT		(PG_RW|PG_U)	/* all protection bits . */
83#define PG_N		(PG_NC_PWT|PG_NC_PCD)	/* Non-cacheable */
84
85/* Page level cache control fields used to determine the PAT type */
86#define PG_PDE_CACHE	(PG_PDE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD)
87#define PG_PTE_CACHE	(PG_PTE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD)
88
89/*
90 * Promotion to a 2 or 4MB (PDE) page mapping requires that the corresponding
91 * 4KB (PTE) page mappings have identical settings for the following fields:
92 */
93#define PG_PTE_PROMOTE	(PG_MANAGED | PG_W | PG_G | PG_PTE_PAT | \
94	    PG_M | PG_A | PG_NC_PCD | PG_NC_PWT | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V)
95
96/*
97 * Page Protection Exception bits
98 */
99
100#define PGEX_P		0x01	/* Protection violation vs. not present */
101#define PGEX_W		0x02	/* during a Write cycle */
102#define PGEX_U		0x04	/* access from User mode (UPL) */
103#define PGEX_RSV	0x08	/* reserved PTE field is non-zero */
104#define PGEX_I		0x10	/* during an instruction fetch */
105
106/*
107 * Size of Kernel address space.  This is the number of page table pages
108 * (4MB each) to use for the kernel.  256 pages == 1 Gigabyte.
109 * This **MUST** be a multiple of 4 (eg: 252, 256, 260, etc).
110 * For PAE, the page table page unit size is 2MB.  This means that 512 pages
111 * is 1 Gigabyte.  Double everything.  It must be a multiple of 8 for PAE.
112 */
113#ifndef KVA_PAGES
114#if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
115#define KVA_PAGES	512
116#else
117#define KVA_PAGES	256
118#endif
119#endif
120
121/*
122 * Pte related macros
123 */
124#define VADDR(pdi, pti) ((vm_offset_t)(((pdi)<<PDRSHIFT)|((pti)<<PAGE_SHIFT)))
125
126/*
127 * The initial number of kernel page table pages that are constructed
128 * by locore must be sufficient to map vm_page_array.  That number can
129 * be calculated as follows:
130 *     max_phys / PAGE_SIZE * sizeof(struct vm_page) / NBPDR
131 * PAE:      max_phys 16G, sizeof(vm_page) 76, NBPDR 2M, 152 page table pages.
132 * PAE_TABLES: max_phys 4G,  sizeof(vm_page) 68, NBPDR 2M, 36 page table pages.
133 * Non-PAE:  max_phys 4G,  sizeof(vm_page) 68, NBPDR 4M, 18 page table pages.
134 */
135#ifndef NKPT
136#if defined(PAE)
137#define	NKPT		240
138#elif defined(PAE_TABLES)
139#define	NKPT		60
140#else
141#define	NKPT		30
142#endif
143#endif
144
145#ifndef NKPDE
146#define NKPDE	(KVA_PAGES)	/* number of page tables/pde's */
147#endif
148
149/*
150 * The *PTDI values control the layout of virtual memory
151 *
152 * XXX This works for now, but I am not real happy with it, I'll fix it
153 * right after I fix locore.s and the magic 28K hole
154 */
155#define	KPTDI		(NPDEPTD-NKPDE)	/* start of kernel virtual pde's */
156#define	PTDPTDI		(KPTDI-NPGPTD)	/* ptd entry that points to ptd! */
157
158/*
159 * XXX doesn't really belong here I guess...
160 */
161#define ISA_HOLE_START    0xa0000
162#define ISA_HOLE_LENGTH (0x100000-ISA_HOLE_START)
163
164#ifndef LOCORE
165
166#include <sys/queue.h>
167#include <sys/_cpuset.h>
168#include <sys/_lock.h>
169#include <sys/_mutex.h>
170
171#include <vm/_vm_radix.h>
172
173#if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
174
175typedef uint64_t pdpt_entry_t;
176typedef uint64_t pd_entry_t;
177typedef uint64_t pt_entry_t;
178
179#define	PTESHIFT	(3)
180#define	PDESHIFT	(3)
181
182#else
183
184typedef uint32_t pd_entry_t;
185typedef uint32_t pt_entry_t;
186
187#define	PTESHIFT	(2)
188#define	PDESHIFT	(2)
189
190#endif
191
192/*
193 * Address of current address space page table maps and directories.
194 */
195#ifdef _KERNEL
196#include <machine/atomic.h>
197
198extern pt_entry_t PTmap[];
199extern pd_entry_t PTD[];
200extern pd_entry_t PTDpde[];
201
202#if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
203extern pdpt_entry_t *IdlePDPT;
204#endif
205extern pd_entry_t *IdlePTD;	/* physical address of "Idle" state directory */
206
207/*
208 * Translate a virtual address to the kernel virtual address of its page table
209 * entry (PTE).  This can be used recursively.  If the address of a PTE as
210 * previously returned by this macro is itself given as the argument, then the
211 * address of the page directory entry (PDE) that maps the PTE will be
212 * returned.
213 *
214 * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
215 */
216#define	vtopte(va)	(PTmap + i386_btop(va))
217
218/*
219 * Translate a virtual address to its physical address.
220 *
221 * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
222 */
223#define	vtophys(va)	pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)(va))
224
225/*
226 * KPTmap is a linear mapping of the kernel page table.  It differs from the
227 * recursive mapping in two ways: (1) it only provides access to kernel page
228 * table pages, and not user page table pages, and (2) it provides access to
229 * a kernel page table page after the corresponding virtual addresses have
230 * been promoted to a 2/4MB page mapping.
231 *
232 * KPTmap is first initialized by locore to support just NPKT page table
233 * pages.  Later, it is reinitialized by pmap_bootstrap() to allow for
234 * expansion of the kernel page table.
235 */
236extern pt_entry_t *KPTmap;
237
238#if (defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES))
239
240#define	pde_cmpset(pdep, old, new)	atomic_cmpset_64_i586(pdep, old, new)
241#define	pte_load_store(ptep, pte)	atomic_swap_64_i586(ptep, pte)
242#define	pte_load_clear(ptep)		atomic_swap_64_i586(ptep, 0)
243#define	pte_store(ptep, pte)		atomic_store_rel_64_i586(ptep, pte)
244#define	pte_load(ptep)			atomic_load_acq_64_i586(ptep)
245
246extern pt_entry_t pg_nx;
247
248#else /* !(PAE || PAE_TABLES) */
249
250#define	pde_cmpset(pdep, old, new)	atomic_cmpset_int(pdep, old, new)
251#define	pte_load_store(ptep, pte)	atomic_swap_int(ptep, pte)
252#define	pte_load_clear(ptep)		atomic_swap_int(ptep, 0)
253#define	pte_store(ptep, pte) do { \
254	*(u_int *)(ptep) = (u_int)(pte); \
255} while (0)
256#define	pte_load(ptep)			atomic_load_acq_int(ptep)
257
258#endif /* !(PAE || PAE_TABLES) */
259
260#define	pte_clear(ptep)			pte_store(ptep, 0)
261
262#define	pde_store(pdep, pde)		pte_store(pdep, pde)
263
264/*
265 * Extract from the kernel page table the physical address that is mapped by
266 * the given virtual address "va".
267 *
268 * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
269 */
270static __inline vm_paddr_t
271pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va)
272{
273	vm_paddr_t pa;
274
275	if ((pa = pte_load(&PTD[va >> PDRSHIFT])) & PG_PS) {
276		pa = (pa & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK);
277	} else {
278		/*
279		 * Beware of a concurrent promotion that changes the PDE at
280		 * this point!  For example, vtopte() must not be used to
281		 * access the PTE because it would use the new PDE.  It is,
282		 * however, safe to use the old PDE because the page table
283		 * page is preserved by the promotion.
284		 */
285		pa = KPTmap[i386_btop(va)];
286		pa = (pa & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
287	}
288	return (pa);
289}
290
291#endif /* _KERNEL */
292
293/*
294 * Pmap stuff
295 */
296struct	pv_entry;
297struct	pv_chunk;
298
299struct md_page {
300	TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_entry)	pv_list;
301	int			pat_mode;
302};
303
304struct pmap {
305	struct mtx		pm_mtx;
306	pd_entry_t		*pm_pdir;	/* KVA of page directory */
307	TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_chunk)	pm_pvchunk;	/* list of mappings in pmap */
308	cpuset_t		pm_active;	/* active on cpus */
309	struct pmap_statistics	pm_stats;	/* pmap statistics */
310	LIST_ENTRY(pmap) 	pm_list;	/* List of all pmaps */
311#if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
312	pdpt_entry_t		*pm_pdpt;	/* KVA of page directory pointer
313						   table */
314#endif
315	struct vm_radix		pm_root;	/* spare page table pages */
316};
317
318typedef struct pmap	*pmap_t;
319
320#ifdef _KERNEL
321extern struct pmap	kernel_pmap_store;
322#define kernel_pmap	(&kernel_pmap_store)
323
324#define	PMAP_LOCK(pmap)		mtx_lock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
325#define	PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, type) \
326				mtx_assert(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, (type))
327#define	PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap)	mtx_destroy(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
328#define	PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap)	mtx_init(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, "pmap", \
329				    NULL, MTX_DEF | MTX_DUPOK)
330#define	PMAP_LOCKED(pmap)	mtx_owned(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
331#define	PMAP_MTX(pmap)		(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
332#define	PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)	mtx_trylock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
333#define	PMAP_UNLOCK(pmap)	mtx_unlock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
334#endif
335
336/*
337 * For each vm_page_t, there is a list of all currently valid virtual
338 * mappings of that page.  An entry is a pv_entry_t, the list is pv_list.
339 */
340typedef struct pv_entry {
341	vm_offset_t	pv_va;		/* virtual address for mapping */
342	TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_entry)	pv_next;
343} *pv_entry_t;
344
345/*
346 * pv_entries are allocated in chunks per-process.  This avoids the
347 * need to track per-pmap assignments.
348 */
349#define	_NPCM	11
350#define	_NPCPV	336
351struct pv_chunk {
352	pmap_t			pc_pmap;
353	TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk)	pc_list;
354	uint32_t		pc_map[_NPCM];	/* bitmap; 1 = free */
355	TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk)	pc_lru;
356	struct pv_entry		pc_pventry[_NPCPV];
357};
358
359#ifdef	_KERNEL
360
361extern caddr_t	CADDR3;
362extern pt_entry_t *CMAP3;
363extern vm_paddr_t phys_avail[];
364extern vm_paddr_t dump_avail[];
365extern int pseflag;
366extern int pgeflag;
367extern char *ptvmmap;		/* poor name! */
368extern vm_offset_t virtual_avail;
369extern vm_offset_t virtual_end;
370
371#define	pmap_page_get_memattr(m)	((vm_memattr_t)(m)->md.pat_mode)
372#define	pmap_page_is_write_mapped(m)	(((m)->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0)
373#define	pmap_unmapbios(va, sz)	pmap_unmapdev((va), (sz))
374
375/*
376 * Only the following functions or macros may be used before pmap_bootstrap()
377 * is called: pmap_kenter(), pmap_kextract(), pmap_kremove(), vtophys(), and
378 * vtopte().
379 */
380void	pmap_activate_boot(pmap_t pmap);
381void	pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t);
382int	pmap_cache_bits(int mode, boolean_t is_pde);
383int	pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t, int);
384void	pmap_init_pat(void);
385void	pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
386void	*pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i);
387void	pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t);
388void	*pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
389void	*pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
390void	*pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t, int);
391boolean_t pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m);
392void	pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma);
393void	pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t);
394pt_entry_t *pmap_pte(pmap_t, vm_offset_t) __pure2;
395void	pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t, vm_offset_t);
396void	pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
397void	pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t);
398void	pmap_invalidate_cache(void);
399void	pmap_invalidate_cache_pages(vm_page_t *pages, int count);
400void	pmap_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva,
401	    boolean_t force);
402
403void	invltlb_glob(void);
404
405#endif /* _KERNEL */
406
407#endif /* !LOCORE */
408
409#endif /* !_MACHINE_PMAP_H_ */
410