ping.c revision 3792
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37#ifndef lint 38static char copyright[] = 39"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 40 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 41#endif /* not lint */ 42 43#ifndef lint 44static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 45#endif /* not lint */ 46 47/* 48 * P I N G . C 49 * 50 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 52 * 53 * Author - 54 * Mike Muuss 55 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 56 * December, 1983 57 * 58 * Status - 59 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 60 * Bugs - 61 * More statistics could always be gathered. 62 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 63 */ 64 65#include <sys/param.h> 66#include <sys/socket.h> 67#include <sys/file.h> 68#include <sys/time.h> 69#include <sys/signal.h> 70#include <termios.h> 71 72#include <netinet/in_systm.h> 73#include <netinet/in.h> 74#include <netinet/ip.h> 75#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 76#include <netinet/ip_var.h> 77#include <netdb.h> 78#include <unistd.h> 79#include <stdio.h> 80#include <ctype.h> 81#include <errno.h> 82#include <string.h> 83 84#define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ 85#define MAXIPLEN 60 86#define MAXICMPLEN 76 87#define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ 88#define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 89#define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 90 91#define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 92#define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 93#define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 94#define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 95#define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 96 97/* various options */ 98int options; 99#define F_FLOOD 0x001 100#define F_INTERVAL 0x002 101#define F_NUMERIC 0x004 102#define F_PINGFILLED 0x008 103#define F_QUIET 0x010 104#define F_RROUTE 0x020 105#define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040 106#define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080 107#define F_VERBOSE 0x100 108 109/* 110 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 111 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 112 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 113 */ 114#define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 115int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 116char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 117 118struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ 119int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 120int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 121u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; 122char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 123char DOT = '.'; 124char *hostname; 125int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 126 127/* counters */ 128long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 129long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 130long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 131long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 132int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ 133 134/* timing */ 135int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 136double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 137double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 138double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 139 140int reset_kerninfo; 141 142char *pr_addr(); 143void catcher(), finish(), status(); 144 145main(argc, argv) 146 int argc; 147 char **argv; 148{ 149 extern int errno, optind; 150 extern char *optarg; 151 struct timeval timeout; 152 struct hostent *hp; 153 struct sockaddr_in *to; 154 struct protoent *proto; 155 struct termios ts; 156 register int i; 157 int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload; 158 u_char *datap, *packet; 159 char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], *malloc(); 160#ifdef IP_OPTIONS 161 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 162#endif 163 164 preload = 0; 165 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 166 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 167 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 168 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 169 } 170 171 datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 172 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Rc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:v")) != EOF) 173 switch(ch) { 174 case 'c': 175 npackets = atoi(optarg); 176 if (npackets <= 0) { 177 (void)fprintf(stderr, 178 "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n"); 179 exit(1); 180 } 181 break; 182 case 'd': 183 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 184 break; 185 case 'f': 186 if (getuid()) { 187 (void)fprintf(stderr, 188 "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM)); 189 exit(1); 190 } 191 options |= F_FLOOD; 192 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 193 break; 194 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 195 interval = atoi(optarg); 196 if (interval <= 0) { 197 (void)fprintf(stderr, 198 "ping: bad timing interval.\n"); 199 exit(1); 200 } 201 options |= F_INTERVAL; 202 break; 203 case 'l': 204 preload = atoi(optarg); 205 if (preload < 0) { 206 (void)fprintf(stderr, 207 "ping: bad preload value.\n"); 208 exit(1); 209 } 210 break; 211 case 'n': 212 options |= F_NUMERIC; 213 break; 214 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 215 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 216 fill((char *)datap, optarg); 217 break; 218 case 'q': 219 options |= F_QUIET; 220 break; 221 case 'R': 222 options |= F_RROUTE; 223 break; 224 case 'r': 225 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 226 break; 227 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 228 datalen = atoi(optarg); 229 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) { 230 (void)fprintf(stderr, 231 "ping: packet size too large.\n"); 232 exit(1); 233 } 234 if (datalen <= 0) { 235 (void)fprintf(stderr, 236 "ping: illegal packet size.\n"); 237 exit(1); 238 } 239 break; 240 case 'v': 241 options |= F_VERBOSE; 242 break; 243 default: 244 usage(); 245 } 246 argc -= optind; 247 argv += optind; 248 249 if (argc != 1) 250 usage(); 251 target = *argv; 252 253 bzero((char *)&whereto, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 254 to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; 255 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 256 to->sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(target); 257 if (to->sin_addr.s_addr != (u_int)-1) 258 hostname = target; 259 else { 260 hp = gethostbyname(target); 261 if (!hp) { 262 (void)fprintf(stderr, 263 "ping: unknown host %s\n", target); 264 exit(1); 265 } 266 to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 267 bcopy(hp->h_addr, (caddr_t)&to->sin_addr, hp->h_length); 268 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 269 hostname = hnamebuf; 270 } 271 272 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) { 273 (void)fprintf(stderr, 274 "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n"); 275 exit(1); 276 } 277 278 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ 279 timing = 1; 280 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 281 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) { 282 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n"); 283 exit(1); 284 } 285 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 286 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i) 287 *datap++ = i; 288 289 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 290 291 if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) { 292 (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n"); 293 exit(1); 294 } 295 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) { 296 perror("ping: socket"); 297 exit(1); 298 } 299 hold = 1; 300 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 301 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 302 sizeof(hold)); 303 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 304 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 305 sizeof(hold)); 306 307 /* record route option */ 308 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 309#ifdef IP_OPTIONS 310 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 311 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; 312 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 313 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 314 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { 315 perror("ping: record route"); 316 exit(1); 317 } 318#else 319 (void)fprintf(stderr, 320 "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n"); 321 exit(1); 322#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 323 } 324 325 /* 326 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 327 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 328 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 329 * /etc/ethers. 330 */ 331 hold = 48 * 1024; 332 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 333 sizeof(hold)); 334 335 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) 336 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 337 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr), 338 datalen); 339 else 340 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 341 342 (void)signal(SIGINT, finish); 343 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 344 (void)signal(SIGINFO, status); 345 346 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 347 pinger(); 348 349 if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0) 350 catcher(); /* start things going */ 351 352 for (;;) { 353 struct sockaddr_in from; 354 register int cc; 355 int fromlen; 356 357 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 358 pinger(); 359 timeout.tv_sec = 0; 360 timeout.tv_usec = 10000; 361 fdmask = 1 << s; 362 if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL, 363 (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1) 364 continue; 365 } 366 fromlen = sizeof(from); 367 if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0, 368 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) { 369 if (errno == EINTR) 370 continue; 371 perror("ping: recvfrom"); 372 continue; 373 } 374 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from); 375 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) 376 break; 377 } 378 finish(); 379 /* NOTREACHED */ 380} 381 382/* 383 * catcher -- 384 * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then 385 * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now. 386 * 387 * bug -- 388 * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be 389 * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the 390 * quality of the delay and loss statistics. 391 */ 392void 393catcher() 394{ 395 int waittime; 396 397 pinger(); 398 (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); 399 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 400 alarm((u_int)interval); 401 else { 402 if (nreceived) { 403 waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000; 404 if (!waittime) 405 waittime = 1; 406 } else 407 waittime = MAXWAIT; 408 (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish); 409 (void)alarm((u_int)waittime); 410 } 411} 412 413/* 414 * pinger -- 415 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 416 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 417 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 418 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 419 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 420 */ 421pinger() 422{ 423 register struct icmp *icp; 424 register int cc; 425 int i; 426 427 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 428 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 429 icp->icmp_code = 0; 430 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 431 icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++; 432 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 433 434 CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 435 436 if (timing) 437 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8], 438 (struct timezone *)NULL); 439 440 cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ 441 442 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 443 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 444 445 i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto, 446 sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 447 448 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 449 if (i < 0) 450 perror("ping: sendto"); 451 (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", 452 hostname, cc, i); 453 } 454 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 455 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 456} 457 458/* 459 * pr_pack -- 460 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 461 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 462 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 463 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 464 */ 465pr_pack(buf, cc, from) 466 char *buf; 467 int cc; 468 struct sockaddr_in *from; 469{ 470 register struct icmp *icp; 471 register u_long l; 472 register int i, j; 473 register u_char *cp,*dp; 474 static int old_rrlen; 475 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 476 struct ip *ip; 477 struct timeval tv, *tp; 478 double triptime; 479 int hlen, dupflag; 480 481 (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); 482 483 /* Check the IP header */ 484 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 485 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 486 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 487 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 488 (void)fprintf(stderr, 489 "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, 490 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 491 return; 492 } 493 494 /* Now the ICMP part */ 495 cc -= hlen; 496 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 497 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 498 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 499 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 500 ++nreceived; 501 if (timing) { 502#ifndef icmp_data 503 tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip; 504#else 505 tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data; 506#endif 507 tvsub(&tv, tp); 508 triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 509 ((double)tv.tv_usec) / 1000.0; 510 tsum += triptime; 511 if (triptime < tmin) 512 tmin = triptime; 513 if (triptime > tmax) 514 tmax = triptime; 515 } 516 517 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 518 ++nrepeats; 519 --nreceived; 520 dupflag = 1; 521 } else { 522 SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 523 dupflag = 0; 524 } 525 526 if (options & F_QUIET) 527 return; 528 529 if (options & F_FLOOD) 530 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 531 else { 532 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 533 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 534 icp->icmp_seq); 535 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 536 if (timing) 537 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 538 if (dupflag) 539 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 540 /* check the data */ 541 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[8]; 542 dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; 543 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { 544 if (*cp != *dp) { 545 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 546 i, *dp, *cp); 547 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 548 for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 549 if ((i % 32) == 8) 550 (void)printf("\n\t"); 551 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 552 } 553 break; 554 } 555 } 556 } 557 } else { 558 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */ 559 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) 560 return; 561 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 562 pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); 563 pr_icmph(icp); 564 } 565 566 /* Display any IP options */ 567 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 568 569 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 570 switch (*cp) { 571 case IPOPT_EOL: 572 hlen = 0; 573 break; 574 case IPOPT_LSRR: 575 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 576 hlen -= 2; 577 j = *++cp; 578 ++cp; 579 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) 580 for (;;) { 581 l = *++cp; 582 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 583 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 584 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 585 if (l == 0) 586 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 587 else 588 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 589 hlen -= 4; 590 j -= 4; 591 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 592 break; 593 (void)putchar('\n'); 594 } 595 break; 596 case IPOPT_RR: 597 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 598 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 599 hlen -= 2; 600 if (i > j) 601 i = j; 602 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 603 if (i <= 0) 604 continue; 605 if (i == old_rrlen 606 && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2 607 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 608 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 609 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 610 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 611 hlen -= i; 612 cp += i; 613 break; 614 } 615 old_rrlen = i; 616 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 617 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 618 for (;;) { 619 l = *++cp; 620 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 621 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 622 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 623 if (l == 0) 624 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 625 else 626 (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); 627 hlen -= 4; 628 i -= 4; 629 if (i <= 0) 630 break; 631 (void)putchar('\n'); 632 } 633 break; 634 case IPOPT_NOP: 635 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 636 break; 637 default: 638 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 639 break; 640 } 641 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 642 (void)putchar('\n'); 643 (void)fflush(stdout); 644 } 645} 646 647/* 648 * in_cksum -- 649 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 650 */ 651in_cksum(addr, len) 652 u_short *addr; 653 int len; 654{ 655 register int nleft = len; 656 register u_short *w = addr; 657 register int sum = 0; 658 u_short answer = 0; 659 660 /* 661 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 662 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 663 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 664 */ 665 while (nleft > 1) { 666 sum += *w++; 667 nleft -= 2; 668 } 669 670 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 671 if (nleft == 1) { 672 *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ; 673 sum += answer; 674 } 675 676 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 677 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 678 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 679 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 680 return(answer); 681} 682 683/* 684 * tvsub -- 685 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 686 * be >= in. 687 */ 688tvsub(out, in) 689 register struct timeval *out, *in; 690{ 691 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 692 --out->tv_sec; 693 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 694 } 695 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 696} 697 698/* 699 * status -- 700 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 701 */ 702 703void 704status() 705{ 706 double temp_min = nreceived ? tmin : 0; 707 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%ld/%ld packets received (%ld%%) " 708 "%.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max\n", 709 nreceived, ntransmitted, 710 (ntransmitted ? 711 100 - (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) 712 / ntransmitted) 713 : 0), 714 temp_min, 715 ((nreceived + nrepeats) ? 716 (tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats))/1000.0 717 : tsum), 718 tmax/ 1000.0); 719} 720 721/* 722 * finish -- 723 * Print out statistics, and give up. 724 */ 725void 726finish() 727{ 728 register int i; 729 struct termios ts; 730 731 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 732 (void)putchar('\n'); 733 (void)fflush(stdout); 734 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 735 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 736 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 737 if (nrepeats) 738 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 739 if (ntransmitted) 740 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 741 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 742 else 743 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 744 (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 745 ntransmitted)); 746 (void)putchar('\n'); 747 if (nreceived && timing) { 748 /* Only display average to microseconds */ 749 i = 1000.0 * tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats); 750 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 751 tmin, ((double)i) / 1000.0, tmax); 752 } 753 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 754 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 755 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 756 } 757 758 exit(0); 759} 760 761#ifdef notdef 762static char *ttab[] = { 763 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 764 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 765 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 766 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 767 "Echo", 768 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 769 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 770 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 771 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 772 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 773 "Info Reply" /* " */ 774}; 775#endif 776 777/* 778 * pr_icmph -- 779 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 780 */ 781pr_icmph(icp) 782 struct icmp *icp; 783{ 784 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 785 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 786 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 787 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 788 break; 789 case ICMP_UNREACH: 790 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 791 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 792 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 793 break; 794 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 795 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 796 break; 797 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 798 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 799 break; 800 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 801 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 802 break; 803 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 804 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n"); 805 break; 806 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 807 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 808 break; 809 default: 810 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 811 icp->icmp_code); 812 break; 813 } 814 /* Print returned IP header information */ 815#ifndef icmp_data 816 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 817#else 818 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 819#endif 820 break; 821 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 822 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 823#ifndef icmp_data 824 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 825#else 826 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 827#endif 828 break; 829 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 830 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 831 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 832 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 833 break; 834 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 835 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 836 break; 837 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 838 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 839 break; 840 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 841 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 842 break; 843 default: 844 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 845 break; 846 } 847 (void)printf("(New addr: 0x%08lx)\n", icp->icmp_gwaddr.s_addr); 848#ifndef icmp_data 849 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 850#else 851 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 852#endif 853 break; 854 case ICMP_ECHO: 855 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 856 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 857 break; 858 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 859 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 860 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 861 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 862 break; 863 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 864 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 865 break; 866 default: 867 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 868 icp->icmp_code); 869 break; 870 } 871#ifndef icmp_data 872 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 873#else 874 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 875#endif 876 break; 877 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 878 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 879 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 880#ifndef icmp_data 881 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 882#else 883 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 884#endif 885 break; 886 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 887 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 888 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 889 break; 890 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 891 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 892 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 893 break; 894 case ICMP_IREQ: 895 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 896 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 897 break; 898 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 899 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 900 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 901 break; 902#ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ 903 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 904 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 905 break; 906#endif 907#ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY 908 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 909 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 910 break; 911#endif 912 default: 913 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 914 } 915} 916 917/* 918 * pr_iph -- 919 * Print an IP header with options. 920 */ 921pr_iph(ip) 922 struct ip *ip; 923{ 924 int hlen; 925 u_char *cp; 926 927 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 928 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 929 930 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); 931 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 932 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 933 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 934 (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 935 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 936 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 937 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 938 /* dump and option bytes */ 939 while (hlen-- > 20) { 940 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 941 } 942 (void)putchar('\n'); 943} 944 945/* 946 * pr_addr -- 947 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 948 * a hostname. 949 */ 950char * 951pr_addr(l) 952 u_long l; 953{ 954 struct hostent *hp; 955 static char buf[80]; 956 957 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 958 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET))) 959 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 960 else 961 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 962 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); 963 return(buf); 964} 965 966/* 967 * pr_retip -- 968 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 969 */ 970pr_retip(ip) 971 struct ip *ip; 972{ 973 int hlen; 974 u_char *cp; 975 976 pr_iph(ip); 977 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 978 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 979 980 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 981 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 982 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 983 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 984 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 985 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 986} 987 988fill(bp, patp) 989 char *bp, *patp; 990{ 991 register int ii, jj, kk; 992 int pat[16]; 993 char *cp; 994 995 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) 996 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) { 997 (void)fprintf(stderr, 998 "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n"); 999 exit(1); 1000 } 1001 ii = sscanf(patp, 1002 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1003 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1004 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1005 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1006 1007 if (ii > 0) 1008 for (kk = 0; 1009 kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + sizeof(struct timeval) + ii); 1010 kk += ii) 1011 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1012 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1013 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1014 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1015 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1016 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1017 (void)printf("\n"); 1018 } 1019} 1020 1021usage() 1022{ 1023 (void)fprintf(stderr, 1024 "usage: ping [-Rdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] host\n"); 1025 exit(1); 1026} 1027