africa revision 286750
1192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 367578Swollman 4273718Sedwin# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 52742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6273718Sedwin# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 7273718Sedwin# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 82742Swollman 9274559Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31): 102742Swollman# 11274559Sedwin# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 12158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 14274559Sedwin# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 152742Swollman# 1686222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1720094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1820094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1920094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20274559Sedwin# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 21274559Sedwin# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2220094Swollman# 232742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 242742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 252742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 262742Swollman# 27248307Sedwin# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 28273718Sedwin# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 29273718Sedwin# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 30248307Sedwin# 3114343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3258787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 3314343Swollman# 3430711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 3530711Swollman# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 36149514Swollman# but Mark R V Murray reports that 37270728Spluknet# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 38270728Spluknet# 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 39270728Spluknet# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 40270728Spluknet# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 41270728Spluknet# He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference. 422742Swollman# 43270728Spluknet# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 4430711Swollman# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 4530711Swollman# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 4630711Swollman# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 4730711Swollman# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 482742Swollman# 4930711Swollman# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 5030711Swollman# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 5130711Swollman# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 5230711Swollman# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 5330711Swollman# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 5430711Swollman# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 5530711Swollman# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 56270728Spluknet# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 5730711Swollman# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 5830711Swollman# until we get more information. 592742Swollman# 6030711Swollman# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 6130711Swollman# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 6230711Swollman# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 63226289Sedwin# 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 6430711Swollman# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6530711Swollman# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 662742Swollman# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 672742Swollman 682742Swollman# Algeria 692742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 71158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 7219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 7319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 7419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 7519878SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 762742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 782742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7919878SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 802742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 81158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 822742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 832742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 8419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 852742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 872742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 892742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 9019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 912742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 92158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 93158421Swollman# more precise 0:09:21. 942742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 95273718SedwinZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 96273718Sedwin 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 97273718Sedwin 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 9819878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 992742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 10019878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 10119878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 10219878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 10319878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 10419878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1052742Swollman 1062742Swollman# Angola 1072742Swollman# Benin 108273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1092742Swollman 1102742Swollman# Botswana 111273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1122742Swollman 1132742Swollman# Burkina Faso 114270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 1152742Swollman 1162742Swollman# Burundi 117273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1182742Swollman 1192742Swollman# Cameroon 120273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1212742Swollman 1222742Swollman# Cape Verde 123273718Sedwin# 124273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to CVT. 125273718Sedwin# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 126273718Sedwin# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 127273718Sedwin# merely made it official? 128273718Sedwin# 1292742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 130273718SedwinZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 1312742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 1322742Swollman -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 133273718Sedwin -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 13419878Swollman -1:00 - CVT 1352742Swollman 1362742Swollman# Central African Republic 137273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1382742Swollman 1392742Swollman# Chad 1402742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 141273718SedwinZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 14230711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 14330711Swollman 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 14430711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1452742Swollman 1462742Swollman# Comoros 147274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 1482742Swollman 149273718Sedwin# Democratic Republic of the Congo 150273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 15130711Swollman 15230711Swollman# Republic of the Congo 153273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1542742Swollman 155273718Sedwin# C��te d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 1562742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1572742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 15830711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 159270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali 160270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia 161270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea 162270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal 163270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone 164270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo 165270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania 166270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso 167270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome # S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe 168270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena 1692742Swollman 1702742Swollman# Djibouti 171274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 1722742Swollman 1732742Swollman############################################################################### 1742742Swollman 1752742Swollman# Egypt 1762742Swollman 177248307Sedwin# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 178248307Sedwin# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 179248307Sedwin# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 180248307Sedwin# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 181248307Sedwin 1822742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 18319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 1842742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 18519878SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1862742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 18719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1882742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 1892742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 19019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 19119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1922742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 19419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1952742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 19630711SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 19719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 19819878SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 19919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 20130711SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20243014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 20343543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 204221092Sedwin 205221092Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 206221092Sedwin# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 207221092Sedwin# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 208221092Sedwin# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 209221092Sedwin# 210221092Sedwin# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 211221092Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 212221092Sedwin# or 213221092Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 214221092SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 215267473SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 216163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 217163302Sru# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 218163302Sru# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 219163302Sru# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 220163302Sru# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 221267473SedwinRule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 222171948Sedwin# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 223171948Sedwin# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 224171948Sedwin# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 225270728Spluknet# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 226240457Sedwin# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 227171948Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 228172479Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 229172479Sedwin# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 230267473SedwinRule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 231172479Sedwin# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 232172479Sedwin# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 233172479Sedwin# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 234172479Sedwin# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 235172479Sedwin# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 236172479Sedwin# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 237172479Sedwin# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 238171948Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 239172479Sedwin# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 24020094Swollman 241191618Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 242191618Sedwin# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 243191618Sedwin# 244191618Sedwin# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 245192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 246191618Sedwin# Apr 23 247192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 248192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 249191618Sedwin# Apr 24 250192886Sedwin# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 251192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 252191618Sedwin# Aug 27 253192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 254192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 255191618Sedwin# Aug 27 256192886Sedwin# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 257191618Sedwin# 258191618Sedwin# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 259191618Sedwin# :59) 260191618Sedwin# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 261191618Sedwin# 262191618Sedwin# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 263191618Sedwin# 264270728Spluknet# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 265270728Spluknet# [2] http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 266270728Spluknet# [3] http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 267191618Sedwin 268191618Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 269191618Sedwin# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 270191618Sedwin# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 271191618Sedwin# in September. 272196582Sedwin 273196582Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 274240457Sedwin# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 275196582Sedwin# Information and Decision Support Center: 276196582Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 277240457Sedwin# 278196582Sedwin# The Middle East News Agency 279196582Sedwin# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 280196582Sedwin# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 281240457Sedwin# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 282196582Sedwin# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 283196582Sedwin# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 284196582Sedwin# (at least today). 285196582Sedwin 286210718Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 287270728Spluknet# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 288210718Sedwin# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 289210718Sedwin# Ramadan. 290210718Sedwin# 291210718Sedwin# Arabic translation: 292270728Spluknet# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 293210718Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 294210718Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 295210718Sedwin 296265978Sedwin# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 297265978Sedwin# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 298265978Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 299265978Sedwin 300273718Sedwin# From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 301265978Sedwin# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 302265978Sedwin 303267473Sedwin# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 304267473Sedwin# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 305267473Sedwin# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 306267473Sedwin# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 307267473Sedwin# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 308267473Sedwin# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 309267473Sedwin# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 310267473Sedwin# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 311267473Sedwin# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 312267473Sedwin# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 313267473Sedwin# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 314267473Sedwin# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 315267473Sedwin 316267473Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 317265978Sedwin# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 318265978Sedwin# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 319267473Sedwin# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 320267473Sedwin# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 321265978Sedwin# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 322283042Sedwin 323283042Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 324283042Sedwin# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 325283042Sedwin# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 326283042Sedwin# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 327283042Sedwin# dates not yet announced.... 328283042Sedwin# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 329283042Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 330283042Sedwin 331283079Sedwin# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 332283079Sedwin# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 333283079Sedwin# least for 2015. 334283079Sedwin# 335283079Sedwin# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 336283079Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 337283079Sedwin# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 338283079Sedwin# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 339283079Sedwin# practice altogether in future years." 340283079Sedwin# 341284397Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 342284397Sedwin# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 343284397Sedwin# decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 344284397Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 345283079Sedwin 346267473SedwinRule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 347267473SedwinRule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 348267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 349267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 350267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 351265978SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 352267473SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 353267473SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 354283079SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 355191618Sedwin 3562742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 357248307SedwinZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 35819878Swollman 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 3592742Swollman 3602742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 361273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 3622742Swollman 3632742Swollman# Eritrea 3642742Swollman# Ethiopia 365274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 3662742Swollman 3672742Swollman# Gabon 368273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 3692742Swollman 3702742Swollman# Gambia 371270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 3722742Swollman 3732742Swollman# Ghana 3742742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 375270728Spluknet# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present"; 376270728Spluknet# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942; 377270728Spluknet# and September 1 to January 1 is given by: 378270728Spluknet# Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book, 379270728Spluknet# 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii. 380270728Spluknet# For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942. 381270728SpluknetRule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 382270728SpluknetRule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 3832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3842742SwollmanZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 3852742Swollman 0:00 Ghana %s 3862742Swollman 3872742Swollman# Guinea 388270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 3892742Swollman 3902742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 391273718Sedwin# 392273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 393273718Sedwin# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 394273718Sedwin# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 395273718Sedwin# with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01. 396273718Sedwin# 3972742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 398273718SedwinZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 39930711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1975 40030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4012742Swollman 4022742Swollman# Kenya 4032742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4042742SwollmanZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 4052742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 40630711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1940 407226289Sedwin 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 4082742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 409274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia 410274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea 411274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania 412274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti 413274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda 414274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia 415274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar 416274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro 417274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte 4182742Swollman 4192742Swollman# Lesotho 420273718Sedwin# See Africa/Johannesburg. 4212742Swollman 4222742Swollman# Liberia 423158421Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 4242742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 42586222Swollman# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 42614343Swollman# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 427158421Swollman# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 428158421Swollman# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 429158421Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 430158421Swollman# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 4312742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4322742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 4332742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 43419878Swollman -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 43530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4362742Swollman 4372742Swollman############################################################################### 4382742Swollman 4392742Swollman# Libya 4402742Swollman 441243003Sedwin# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 442243003Sedwin# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 443243003Sedwin# http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 444243003Sedwin# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 445243003Sedwin# 446243003Sedwin# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 447243003Sedwin# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 448243003Sedwin# 449243003Sedwin# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 450243003Sedwin# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 451243003Sedwin# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 452243003Sedwin# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 453243003Sedwin# lastFri instead of lastSun). 454243003Sedwin 455257681Sedwin# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 456257681Sedwin# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 457257681Sedwin# cancelled yesterday.... 458257681Sedwin# http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 459257681Sedwin# 460257681Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 461257681Sedwin# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2. 462257681Sedwin 4632742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 46419878SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 4652742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 46619878SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 4672742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 46819878SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 4692742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 47019878SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 4712742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 47219878SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 47319878SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 4742742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 47519878SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 476149514SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 477243003SedwinRule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 478243003SedwinRule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 479257681SedwinRule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 480257681SedwinRule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 4812742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4822742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 48319878Swollman 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 4842742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 48558787Sru 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 486243003Sedwin# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 487273718Sedwin# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 48858787Sru 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 489243003Sedwin 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 490273718Sedwin 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 491273718Sedwin 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 492257681Sedwin 2:00 - EET 4932742Swollman 4942742Swollman# Madagascar 495274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 4962742Swollman 4972742Swollman# Malawi 498273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 4992742Swollman 5002742Swollman# Mali 5012742Swollman# Mauritania 502270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 5032742Swollman 5042742Swollman# Mauritius 505181421Sedwin 506181421Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 507181421Sedwin# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 508181421Sedwin# basis.... 509240457Sedwin# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 510181421Sedwin# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 511181421Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 512181424Sedwin 513181421Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 514181421Sedwin# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 515181424Sedwin 516181421Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 517181421Sedwin# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 518181421Sedwin# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 519181421Sedwin# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 520181424Sedwin 521181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 522181421Sedwin# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 523181421Sedwin 524181424Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 525181424Sedwin# According to 526181424Sedwin# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 527181424Sedwin# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 528181424Sedwin# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 529181424Sedwin# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 530181424Sedwin# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 531240457Sedwin# 532240457Sedwin# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 533240457Sedwin# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 534240457Sedwin# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 535240457Sedwin# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 536240457Sedwin# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 537181424Sedwin# changes two days later. 538181424Sedwin 539181424Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 540181424Sedwin# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 541286750Sedwin# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 542181424Sedwin# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 543181424Sedwin# 544181424Sedwin# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 545270728Spluknet# de l'heure d'��t��" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 546270728Spluknet# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 547181424Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 548181424Sedwin 549183066Sedwin# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 550183066Sedwin# The Government of Mauritius weblink 551192886Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 552183066Sedwin# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 553183066Sedwin# 554183066Sedwin# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 555183066Sedwin# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 556183066Sedwin# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 557183066Sedwin# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 558183066Sedwin# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 559183066Sedwin# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 560183066Sedwin# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 561270728Spluknet# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 562183066Sedwin# and end on 29 March 2009. 563183066Sedwin 564183864Sedwin# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 565183864Sedwin# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 566183864Sedwin# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 567183864Sedwin# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 568183864Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 569183864Sedwin 570196581Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 571196581Sedwin# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 572196581Sedwin# DST the coming summer... 573196581Sedwin# 574196581Sedwin# Some sources, in French: 575196581Sedwin# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 576196581Sedwin# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 577196581Sedwin# 578196581Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 579196581Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 580196581Sedwin 581196581Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 582240457Sedwin# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 583196581Sedwin# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 584196581Sedwin# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 585196581Sedwin 586181421Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 587181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 588181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 589196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 590196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 5912742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 592273718SedwinZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 593181421Sedwin 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 5942742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 5952742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 5962742Swollman 5972742Swollman# Mayotte 598274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 5992742Swollman 6002742Swollman# Morocco 601270728Spluknet# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 602181418Sedwin 603181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 604181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 605181418Sedwin# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 606181418Sedwin# 607181418Sedwin# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 608181418Sedwin# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 609270728Spluknet# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 610181418Sedwin# 611181418Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 612181418Sedwin# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 613181418Sedwin 614181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 615273718Sedwin# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 616273718Sedwin# Presse: 617181418Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 618181418Sedwin# 619181418Sedwin# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 620181418Sedwin# spokesman. 621181418Sedwin 622181418Sedwin# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 623181418Sedwin# According to this article: 624181418Sedwin# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 625270728Spluknet# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 626270728Spluknet# the changes occur at midnight: 627181418Sedwin# 628270728Spluknet# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 629270728Spluknet# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 630270728Spluknet# Sunday night the 28th at midnight 631181418Sedwin# 632270728Spluknet# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 633270728Spluknet# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 634270728Spluknet# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 635270728Spluknet# June 1st to Sept 27th. 636181418Sedwin# 637181418Sedwin# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 638181418Sedwin# published on the web. 639181418Sedwin# 640181418Sedwin# It's also confirmed here: 641181418Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 642270728Spluknet# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 643270728Spluknet# posted in English). 644181418Sedwin# 645270728Spluknet# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 646181418Sedwin# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 647181418Sedwin 648183066Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 649240457Sedwin# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 650240457Sedwin# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 651183066Sedwin# of September: 652183066Sedwin# 653183066Sedwin# One article about it (in French): 654183066Sedwin# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 655183066Sedwin# 656183066Sedwin# We have some further details posted here: 657183066Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 658190372Sedwin 659190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 660190372Sedwin# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 661190372Sedwin# to many sources, such as 662190372Sedwin# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 663190372Sedwin# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 664190372Sedwin# (French) 665190372Sedwin# 666190372Sedwin# Our summary: 667190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 668190372Sedwin 669190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 670190372Sedwin# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 671270728Spluknet# Minist��re de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 672190372Sedwin# 673286750Sedwin# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 674190372Sedwin# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 675190372Sedwin# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 676190372Sedwin# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 677190372Sedwin# 678190372Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 679190372Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 680190372Sedwin 681206868Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 682206868Sedwin# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 683206868Sedwin# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 684206868Sedwin# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 685206868Sedwin# 686206868Sedwin# Example: 687206868Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 688206868Sedwin# (French) 689206868Sedwin# Our page: 690206868Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 691206868Sedwin 692220286Sedwin# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 693220286Sedwin# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 694273718Sedwin# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 695273718Sedwin# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 696220286Sedwin# ...Official links of change in morocco 697220286Sedwin# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 698220286Sedwin# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 699220286Sedwin# +212.537.71.84.00 700220286Sedwin# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 701220286Sedwin# They said that 702220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 703220286Sedwin# is the official publication to look at. 704220286Sedwin# They said that the decision was already taken. 705220286Sedwin# 706220286Sedwin# More articles in the press 707270728Spluknet# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 708220286Sedwin# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 709220286Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 710220286Sedwin 711220286Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 712220286Sedwin# They have it written in English here: 713220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 714220286Sedwin# 715220286Sedwin# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 716220286Sedwin# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 717220286Sedwin# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 718220286Sedwin# also been like that in the past. 719220286Sedwin 720240457Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 721270728Spluknet# According to Infom��diaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 722270728Spluknet# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure l��gale: 723270728Spluknet# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'��t�� 724240457Sedwin# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 725240457Sedwin# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 726240457Sedwin# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 727240457Sedwin# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 728240457Sedwin# except the month of Ramadan. 729240457Sedwin# or (brief) 730240457Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 731240457Sedwin 732240457Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 733240457Sedwin# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 734240457Sedwin# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 735240457Sedwin# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 736240457Sedwin# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 737240457Sedwin# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 738240457Sedwin 739240457Sedwin# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 740240457Sedwin# Seen Morocco change again: 741240457Sedwin# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 742270728Spluknet# "...�� partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 743270728Spluknet# comme annonc�� pr��c��demment." 744240457Sedwin 745240457Sedwin# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 746240457Sedwin# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 747240457Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 748240457Sedwin# 749240457Sedwin# Google translation, lightly edited: 750240457Sedwin# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 751240457Sedwin# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 752240457Sedwin# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 753240457Sedwin# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 754240457Sedwin# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 755240457Sedwin# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 756240457Sedwin# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 757240457Sedwin# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 758240457Sedwin# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 759240457Sedwin 760248307Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 761248307Sedwin# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 762248307Sedwin# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 763248307Sedwin# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 764248307Sedwin# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 765273718Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 766253009Sedwin 767253009Sedwin# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 768253009Sedwin# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 769253009Sedwin# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 770253009Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 771253009Sedwin 772257681Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 773257681Sedwin# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 774257681Sedwin# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 775257681Sedwin# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 776257681Sedwin# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 777257681Sedwin# source (French): 778257681Sedwin# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 779257681Sedwin# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 780257681Sedwin# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 781257681Sedwin 782263901Sedwin# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 783263901Sedwin# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 784263901Sedwin 785267473Sedwin# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 786267473Sedwin# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 787267473Sedwin# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 788267473Sedwin# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 789267473Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 790267473Sedwin 791284397Sedwin# From Milamber (2015-06-08): 792284397Sedwin# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 793284397Sedwin# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 794284397Sedwin# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 795284397Sedwin# 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 796284397Sedwin# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 797284397Sedwin# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 798284397Sedwin# Source (french): 799284397Sedwin# http://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 800284397Sedwin# 801284397Sedwin# From Milamber (2015-06-09): 802284397Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 803284397Sedwin# 804284397Sedwin# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 805284397Sedwin# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 806284397Sedwin# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 807284397Sedwin# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 808284397Sedwin# <http://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 809284397Sedwin# with the patch. 810284397Sedwin 811284397Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2015-06-08): 812284397Sedwin# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2015's rules, 813267473Sedwin# and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last 814284397Sedwin# Sunday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Sunday after 815284397Sedwin# Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2016 through 2037 were 816267473Sedwin# determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the 817267473Sedwin# results integrated by hand into the table below. 818284397Sedwin# (let ((islamic-year 1437)) 819284397Sedwin# (require 'cal-islam) 820267473Sedwin# (while (< islamic-year 1460) 821267473Sedwin# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 822267473Sedwin# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) 823284397Sedwin# (sunday 0)) 824284397Sedwin# (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 825284397Sedwin# (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 826267473Sedwin# (setq b (1+ b))) 827267473Sedwin# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 828267473Sedwin# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 829267473Sedwin# (insert 830267473Sedwin# (format 831267473Sedwin# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n" 832267473Sedwin# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n") 833267473Sedwin# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 834267473Sedwin# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 835248307Sedwin# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 836248307Sedwin 83720094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 838183066Sedwin 83919878SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 8402742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 84119878SwollmanRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 8422742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 84319878SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 8442742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 84519878SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 8462742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 84719878SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 8482742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 84919878SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 8502742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 8512742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 85219878SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 8532742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 854181418SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 855183066SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 856190372SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 857267473SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 858206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 859206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 860220286SedwinRule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 861267473SedwinRule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 862267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 863267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 864267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 865267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 866267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 867267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S 868267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 869284397SedwinRule Morocco 2014 2021 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 870267473SedwinRule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 871267473SedwinRule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S 872284397SedwinRule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 873284397SedwinRule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 S 874284397SedwinRule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 875284397SedwinRule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 S 876284397SedwinRule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 877284397SedwinRule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 S 878284397SedwinRule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 879284397SedwinRule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 S 880284397SedwinRule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 0 - 881284397SedwinRule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 1:00 S 882284397SedwinRule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 0 - 883284397SedwinRule Morocco 2020 only - May 24 2:00 1:00 S 884284397SedwinRule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 0 - 885284397SedwinRule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 S 886284397SedwinRule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 1:00 S 887284397SedwinRule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 23 2:00 1:00 S 888284397SedwinRule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 S 889284397SedwinRule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 1:00 S 890267473SedwinRule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 891284397SedwinRule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 - 892284397SedwinRule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 0 - 893240457Sedwin 8942742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8952742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 89619878Swollman 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 89719878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1986 898181418Sedwin 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 899257681Sedwin 90019878Swollman# Western Sahara 901257681Sedwin# 902257681Sedwin# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 903257681Sedwin# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 904257681Sedwin# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 905257681Sedwin# Morocco does. 906257681Sedwin# 907257681Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 908257681Sedwin# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 909257681Sedwin# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 910257681Sedwin 911270728SpluknetZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aai��n 91230711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 913257681Sedwin 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 9148029Swollman 9152742Swollman# Mozambique 916273718Sedwin# 917273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 918273718Sedwin# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 919273718Sedwin# http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 920273718Sedwin# merely made it official? 921273718Sedwin# 9222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9232742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 92430711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 925273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi 926273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi 927273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana 928273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe 929273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda 930273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo 931273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia 9322742Swollman 9332742Swollman# Namibia 934158421Swollman# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 935158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 936169811Swollman 937273718Sedwin# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 938273718Sedwin# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 939169811Swollman# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 940169811Swollman# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 941169811Swollman# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 942169811Swollman# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 943169811Swollman# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 944169811Swollman# of the country. 945240457Sedwin# 946169811Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 947169811Swollman# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 948169811Swollman# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 949169811Swollman 95020094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 95120094SwollmanRule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 95220094SwollmanRule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 9532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9542742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 955273718Sedwin 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 956273718Sedwin 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 957273718Sedwin 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 95830711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 95930711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 96030711Swollman 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 9612742Swollman 9622742Swollman# Niger 963273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 9642742Swollman 9652742Swollman# Nigeria 9662742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 9672742SwollmanZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 96830711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 969273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic 970273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo 971273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon 972273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west) 973273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon 974273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola 975273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea 976273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger 977273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin 9782742Swollman 979270728Spluknet# R��union 9802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 981273718SedwinZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 982270728Spluknet 4:00 - RET # R��union Time 98343014Swollman# 984270728Spluknet# Crozet Islands also observes R��union time; see the 'antarctica' file. 985270728Spluknet# 986270728Spluknet# Scattered Islands (��les ��parses) administered from R��union are as follows. 98743014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from 988270728Spluknet# ��les ��parses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 989270728Spluknet# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 99058787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories. 99143014Swollman# 99243014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited 99343014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 99443014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 99543014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 99643014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 9972742Swollman 9982742Swollman# Rwanda 999273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 10002742Swollman 10012742Swollman# St Helena 1002270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 100314343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 100430711Swollman# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1005270728Spluknet# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 100658787Sru# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 100758787Sru# on GMT, says the CIA 1008270728Spluknet# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 100914343Swollman 1010270728Spluknet# S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe 10112742Swollman# Senegal 1012270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 10132742Swollman 10142742Swollman# Seychelles 10152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1016273718SedwinZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 101719878Swollman 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 101886222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 101986222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 102086222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 102186222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 102286222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 102386222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 10242742Swollman 10252742Swollman# Sierra Leone 1026270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 10272742Swollman 10282742Swollman# Somalia 1029274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 10302742Swollman 10312742Swollman# South Africa 10322742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 103330711SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 10342742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 10352742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10362742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 103730711Swollman 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 103830711Swollman 2:00 SA SAST 1039273718SedwinLink Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho 1040273718SedwinLink Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Swaziland 1041273718Sedwin# 104230711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is 104358787Sru# scientific station since 1947 10442742Swollman# no information 10452742Swollman 10462742Swollman# Sudan 104758787Sru# 1048270728Spluknet# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1049270728Spluknet# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1050270728Spluknet# also reported by Micha��l De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 105158787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 105258787Sru# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 105358787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 105458787Sru# 10552742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 105619878SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 105714343SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 105819878SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 105919878SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 10602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10612742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 106258787Sru 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 106358787Sru 3:00 - EAT 10642742Swollman 1065226289Sedwin# South Sudan 1066257681SedwinLink Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba 1067226289Sedwin 10682742Swollman# Swaziland 1069273718Sedwin# See Africa/Johannesburg. 10702742Swollman 10712742Swollman# Tanzania 1072274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 10732742Swollman 10742742Swollman# Togo 1075270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 10762742Swollman 10772742Swollman# Tunisia 1078149514Swollman 1079149514Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1080270728Spluknet# My correspondent, Risto Nyk��nen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1081149514Swollman# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1082149514Swollman# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1083149514Swollman# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1084149514Swollman# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1085149514Swollman# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1086149514Swollman# Saturday." (My translation) 1087149514Swollman# 1088149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1089270728Spluknet# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1090273718Sedwin# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1091149514Swollman# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1092149514Swollman# 1h standard time. 1093158421Swollman# 1094158421Swollman# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1095158421Swollman# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1096158421Swollman# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1097158421Swollman# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1098158421Swollman# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1099149514Swollman 1100190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1101190372Sedwin# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1102190372Sedwin# (Arabic) 1103190372Sedwin# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1104190372Sedwin# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1105190372Sedwin# 1106190372Sedwin# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1107190372Sedwin# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1108190372Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1109190372Sedwin 1110190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1111190372Sedwin# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1112190372Sedwin# 1113190372Sedwin# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1114190372Sedwin# 1115190372Sedwin# (in English) 1116190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1117190372Sedwin# 1118190372Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1119190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1120190372Sedwin 1121270728Spluknet# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1122270728Spluknet# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1123270728Spluknet# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1124270728Spluknet# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1125270728Spluknet# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1126270728Spluknet# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1127190372Sedwin 1128206868Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1129206868Sedwin# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1130206868Sedwin# 1131206868Sedwin# (translation): 1132206868Sedwin# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1133206868Sedwin# Sunday... 1134206868Sedwin# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1135206868Sedwin# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1136206868Sedwin# 1137206868Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1138206868Sedwin# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1139206868Sedwin# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1140206868Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1141206868Sedwin 11422742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 114319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 11442742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 114519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 11462742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 114719878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 11482742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 114919878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 11502742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 115119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 11522742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 115319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 11542742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 11552742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 115619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 11572742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 115819878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 11592742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 116019878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 116120094SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 116219878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 116319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1164149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1165149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1166190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1167190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1168206868Sedwin 1169158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1170158421Swollman# more precise 0:09:21. 1171158421Swollman# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 11722742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11732742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1174273718Sedwin 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 117519878Swollman 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 11762742Swollman 11772742Swollman# Uganda 1178274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 11792742Swollman 11802742Swollman# Zambia 11812742Swollman# Zimbabwe 1182273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1183