africa revision 149514
1149514Swollman# @(#)africa 7.39 267578Swollman 32742Swollman# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 42742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 52742Swollman# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 62742Swollman 7149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22): 82742Swollman# 92742Swollman# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 1058787Sru# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 1158787Sru# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 122742Swollman# 1386222Swollman# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 1420094Swollman# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 1520094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 1620094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 1720094Swollman# of the IATA's data after 1990. 1820094Swollman# 1920094Swollman# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 2020094Swollman# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2120094Swollman# 222742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 232742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 242742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 252742Swollman# 2614343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 2758787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 2814343Swollman# 2930711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 3030711Swollman# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 31149514Swollman# but Mark R V Murray reports that 3230711Swollman# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 3330711Swollman# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 3430711Swollman# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 3530711Swollman# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 3630711Swollman# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 372742Swollman# 3830711Swollman# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 3930711Swollman# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 4030711Swollman# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 4130711Swollman# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 4230711Swollman# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 432742Swollman# 4430711Swollman# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 4530711Swollman# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 4630711Swollman# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 4730711Swollman# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 4830711Swollman# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 4930711Swollman# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 5030711Swollman# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 5130711Swollman# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 5230711Swollman# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 5330711Swollman# until we get more information. 542742Swollman# 5530711Swollman# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 5630711Swollman# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 5730711Swollman# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 5886222Swollman# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 5930711Swollman# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 6030711Swollman# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 612742Swollman# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 6230711Swollman# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 632742Swollman 642742Swollman# Algeria 652742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 672742SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun<=7 23:00s 0 - 6819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 6919878SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 7019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 7119878SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 722742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 742742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7519878SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 762742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 7719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon<=7 2:00 1:00 S 782742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 792742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 8019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 812742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 832742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 852742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 8619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 872742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 8814343Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. 892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 902742SwollmanZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 9114343Swollman 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 9219878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 9319878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 942742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 9519878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 9619878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 9719878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 9819878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 9919878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1002742Swollman 1012742Swollman# Angola 1022742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1032742SwollmanZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 10486222Swollman 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 10530711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1062742Swollman 1072742Swollman# Benin 1082742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; go with Shanks. 1092742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1102742SwollmanZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 11130711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 11230711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1132742Swollman 1142742Swollman# Botswana 1152742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1162742SwollmanZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 11730711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 11830711Swollman 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 11930711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1202742Swollman 1212742Swollman# Burkina Faso 1222742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1232742SwollmanZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 12430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1252742Swollman 1262742Swollman# Burundi 1272742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1282742SwollmanZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 12930711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1302742Swollman 1312742Swollman# Cameroon 1322742Swollman# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks. 1332742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1342742SwollmanZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 13530711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1362742Swollman 1372742Swollman# Cape Verde 1382742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1392742SwollmanZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 1402742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 1412742Swollman -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 1422742Swollman -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 14319878Swollman -1:00 - CVT 1442742Swollman 1452742Swollman# Central African Republic 1462742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1472742SwollmanZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 14830711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1492742Swollman 1502742Swollman# Chad 1512742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1522742SwollmanZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 15330711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 15430711Swollman 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 15530711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1562742Swollman 1572742Swollman# Comoros 1582742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1592742SwollmanZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 1602742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1612742Swollman 16230711Swollman# Democratic Republic of Congo 1632742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16430711SwollmanZone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 16530711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 16630711SwollmanZone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 16730711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 16830711Swollman 16930711Swollman# Republic of the Congo 17030711Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1712742SwollmanZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 17230711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1732742Swollman 1742742Swollman# Cote D'Ivoire 1752742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1762742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 17730711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1782742Swollman 1792742Swollman# Djibouti 1802742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1812742SwollmanZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1822742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1832742Swollman 1842742Swollman############################################################################### 1852742Swollman 1862742Swollman# Egypt 1872742Swollman 1882742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 18919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 1902742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1922742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 19319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1942742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 1952742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 19619878SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 19719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1982742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 19919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 20019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2012742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 20230711SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 20319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 20419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 20519878SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20619878SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 20730711SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 20843014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 20943543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 21058787SruRule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 21143543SwollmanRule Egypt 1995 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 21220094Swollman 2132742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2142742SwollmanZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 21519878Swollman 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 2162742Swollman 2172742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 2182742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2192742SwollmanZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 22030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 22130711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 2222742Swollman 2232742Swollman# Eritrea 2242742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2252742SwollmanZone Africa/Asmera 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 22619878Swollman 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmera Mean Time 22730711Swollman 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 2282742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2292742Swollman 2302742Swollman# Ethiopia 23130711Swollman# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05): 23230711Swollman# Shanks writes that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones between 23330711Swollman# 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 23430711Swollman# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 2352742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2362742SwollmanZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 23730711Swollman 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 2382742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2392742Swollman 2402742Swollman# Gabon 2412742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2422742SwollmanZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 24330711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 2442742Swollman 2452742Swollman# Gambia 2462742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2472742SwollmanZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 24819878Swollman -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 24930711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1964 25030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 2512742Swollman 2522742Swollman# Ghana 2532742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2542742Swollman# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; go with Shanks. 25530711SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 25630711SwollmanRule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 2572742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2582742SwollmanZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 2592742Swollman 0:00 Ghana %s 2602742Swollman 2612742Swollman# Guinea 2622742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2632742SwollmanZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 26430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 26530711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 26630711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 2672742Swollman 2682742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 2692742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2702742SwollmanZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 27130711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1975 27230711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 2732742Swollman 2742742Swollman# Kenya 2752742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2762742SwollmanZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 2772742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 27830711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1940 27986222Swollman 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 2802742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 2812742Swollman 2822742Swollman# Lesotho 2832742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2842742SwollmanZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 28530711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 2862742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 28730711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 2882742Swollman 2892742Swollman# Liberia 290149514Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17): 2912742Swollman# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 29286222Swollman# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 29314343Swollman# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 29414343Swollman# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks. 29514343Swollman# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman 29614343Swollman# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 2972742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2982742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 2992742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 30019878Swollman -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 30130711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3022742Swollman 3032742Swollman############################################################################### 3042742Swollman 3052742Swollman# Libya 3062742Swollman 3072742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 30819878SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 3092742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 31019878SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 3112742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 31219878SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 3132742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 31419878SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 3152742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 31619878SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 31719878SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 3182742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 31919878SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 320149514SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3212742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3222742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 32319878Swollman 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 3242742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 32558787Sru 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 32658787Sru# The following entries are all from Shanks; 32758787Sru# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 32858787Sru 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 32958787Sru 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 33058787Sru 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 33143014Swollman 2:00 - EET 3322742Swollman 3332742Swollman# Madagascar 3342742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3352742SwollmanZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 3362742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 3372742Swollman 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 3382742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3392742Swollman 3402742Swollman# Malawi 3412742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3422742SwollmanZone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 34330711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 3442742Swollman 3452742Swollman# Mali 3462742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3472742SwollmanZone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 34830711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 34930711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 35030711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3512742Swollman 3522742Swollman# Mauritania 3532742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3542742SwollmanZone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 35530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 35630711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 35730711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 3582742Swollman 3592742Swollman# Mauritius 3602742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3612742SwollmanZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 36219878Swollman 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time 3632742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 3642742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 3652742Swollman 3662742Swollman# Mayotte 3672742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 36814343SwollmanZone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 3692742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 3702742Swollman 3712742Swollman# Morocco 37230711Swollman# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 37320094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 37419878SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 3752742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 37619878SwollmanRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 3772742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 37819878SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 3792742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 38019878SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 3812742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 38219878SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 3832742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 38419878SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 3852742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 3862742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 38719878SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 3882742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 3892742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3902742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 39119878Swollman 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 39219878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1986 3932742Swollman 0:00 - WET 39419878Swollman# Western Sahara 39519878SwollmanZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 39630711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 39719878Swollman 0:00 - WET 3988029Swollman 3992742Swollman# Mozambique 4002742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4012742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 40230711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 4032742Swollman 4042742Swollman# Namibia 40530711Swollman# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks. 40658787Sru# Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 40720094Swollman# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 40820094SwollmanRule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 40920094SwollmanRule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 4102742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4112742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 4122742Swollman 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 41330711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 4142742Swollman 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 41530711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 41630711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 41730711Swollman 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 4182742Swollman 4192742Swollman# Niger 4202742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 42130711SwollmanZone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 42230711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 42330711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 1960 42430711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 4252742Swollman 4262742Swollman# Nigeria 4272742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4282742SwollmanZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 42930711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 4302742Swollman 4312742Swollman# Reunion 4322742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 43314343SwollmanZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 43419878Swollman 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 43543014Swollman# 43643014Swollman# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 43743014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from 43858787Sru# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 43958787Sru# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 44058787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories. 44143014Swollman# 44243014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited 44343014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 44443014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 44543014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 44643014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 4472742Swollman 4482742Swollman# Rwanda 4492742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4502742SwollmanZone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 45130711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 4522742Swollman 4532742Swollman# St Helena 4542742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4552742SwollmanZone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 45630711Swollman -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 4572742Swollman 0:00 - GMT 45814343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 45930711Swollman# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 46030711Swollman# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 46158787Sru# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 46258787Sru# on GMT, says the CIA 46330711Swollman# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 46414343Swollman 4652742Swollman# Sao Tome and Principe 4662742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4672742SwollmanZone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 46819878Swollman -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 46930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4702742Swollman 4712742Swollman# Senegal 4722742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4732742SwollmanZone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 47430711Swollman -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 47530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4762742Swollman 4772742Swollman# Seychelles 4782742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4792742SwollmanZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 48019878Swollman 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 48186222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 48286222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 48386222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 48486222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 48586222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 48686222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 4872742Swollman 4882742Swollman# Sierra Leone 4892742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 4902742Swollman# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks. 49130711SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 49230711SwollmanRule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 49330711SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 49430711SwollmanRule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 4952742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 4962742SwollmanZone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 49719878Swollman -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 49830711Swollman -1:00 SL %s 1957 49930711Swollman 0:00 SL %s 5002742Swollman 5012742Swollman# Somalia 5022742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5032742SwollmanZone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 5042742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1931 50530711Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1957 5062742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 5072742Swollman 5082742Swollman# South Africa 5092742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 51030711SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 5112742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 5122742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5132742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 51430711Swollman 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 51530711Swollman 2:00 SA SAST 51630711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is 51758787Sru# scientific station since 1947 5182742Swollman# no information 5192742Swollman 5202742Swollman# Sudan 52158787Sru# 52258787Sru# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 52358787Sru# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 52458787Sru# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 52558787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 52658787Sru# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 52758787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 52858787Sru# 5292742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 53019878SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 53114343SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 53219878SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 53319878SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 5342742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5352742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 53658787Sru 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 53758787Sru 3:00 - EAT 5382742Swollman 5392742Swollman# Swaziland 5402742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5412742SwollmanZone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 54230711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 5432742Swollman 5442742Swollman# Tanzania 5452742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5462742SwollmanZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 5472742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1948 54886222Swollman 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 5492742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 5502742Swollman 5512742Swollman# Togo 5522742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5532742SwollmanZone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 55430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 5552742Swollman 5562742Swollman# Tunisia 557149514Swollman 558149514Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 559149514Swollman# 560149514Swollman# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 561149514Swollman# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 562149514Swollman# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 563149514Swollman# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 564149514Swollman# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 565149514Swollman# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 566149514Swollman# Saturday." (My translation) 567149514Swollman# 568149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 569149514Swollman# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 570149514Swollman# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 571149514Swollman# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 572149514Swollman# 1h standard time. 573149514Swollman 5742742Swollman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 57519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 5762742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 57719878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 5782742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 57919878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 5802742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 58119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 5822742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 58319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 5842742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 58519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 5862742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 5872742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 58819878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 5892742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 59019878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 5912742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 59219878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 59320094SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 59419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 59519878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 596149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 597149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 59814343Swollman# Shanks gives 0:09 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's more precise 0:09:21. 59914343Swollman# Shanks says the 1911 switch occurred on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 6002742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6012742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 60214343Swollman 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 60319878Swollman 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 6042742Swollman 6052742Swollman# Uganda 6062742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6072742SwollmanZone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 6082742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 1930 6092742Swollman 2:30 - BEAT 1948 61086222Swollman 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 6112742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 6122742Swollman 6132742Swollman# Zambia 6142742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6152742SwollmanZone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 61630711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 6172742Swollman 6182742Swollman# Zimbabwe 6192742Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6202742SwollmanZone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 62130711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 622