1339630Sphilip# tzdb data for Africa and environs 2339630Sphilip 3192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 567578Swollman 6273718Sedwin# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 72742Swollman# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8273718Sedwin# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 9273718Sedwin# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 102742Swollman 11339630Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-27): 122742Swollman# 13274559Sedwin# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 14158421Swollman# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 15158421Swollman# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16274559Sedwin# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 172742Swollman# 18316349Sbapt# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19316349Sbapt# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 2020094Swollman# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 2120094Swollman# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22274559Sedwin# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23274559Sedwin# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2420094Swollman# 252742Swollman# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 262742Swollman# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 272742Swollman# I found in the UCLA library. 282742Swollman# 29248307Sedwin# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 30273718Sedwin# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 31325159Sphilip# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 32248307Sedwin# 3314343Swollman# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3458787Sru# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 3514343Swollman# 36316349Sbapt# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. 37316349Sbapt# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. 3830711Swollman# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 39316349Sbapt# for UT +00 through +03, respectively, 40316349Sbapt# but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that 41316349Sbapt# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, 42316349Sbapt# 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and 43316349Sbapt# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for 44270728Spluknet# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 452742Swollman# 46316349Sbapt# To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: 47316349Sbapt# +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 48316349Sbapt# +02 CAT Central Africa Time 49316349Sbapt# +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time 50316349Sbapt# and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: 51316349Sbapt# +01 WAT West Africa Time 52316349Sbapt# Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. 53316349Sbapt# I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but 54316349Sbapt# cannot now come up with solid citations. 552742Swollman# 56339630Sphilip# I invented the following abbreviations in the 1990s: 57339630Sphilip# +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time 58339630Sphilip# +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time 59339630Sphilip# +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time 60316349Sbapt# +03 EAT East Africa Time 61339630Sphilip# 'EAT' seems to have caught on and is in current timestamps, and though 62339630Sphilip# the other abbreviations are rarer and are only in past timestamps, 63339630Sphilip# they are paired with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. 64339630Sphilip# Corrections are welcome. 652742Swollman 662742Swollman# Algeria 67366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 6819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 69158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 7019878SwollmanRule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 7119878SwollmanRule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 7219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 7319878SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 742742SwollmanRule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 7519878SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 762742SwollmanRule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 7719878SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 782742SwollmanRule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 79158421SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 802742SwollmanRule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 812742SwollmanRule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 8219878SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 832742SwollmanRule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 8419878SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 852742SwollmanRule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 8619878SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 872742SwollmanRule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 8819878SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 892742SwollmanRule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 90366625Sphilip# See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. 91349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 92366625SphilipZone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 93273718Sedwin 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 94273718Sedwin 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 9519878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 962742Swollman 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 9719878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 9819878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 9919878Swollman 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 10019878Swollman 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 10119878Swollman 1:00 - CET 1022742Swollman 1032742Swollman# Angola 1042742Swollman# Benin 105273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1062742Swollman 1072742Swollman# Botswana 108273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1092742Swollman 1102742Swollman# Burkina Faso 111270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 1122742Swollman 1132742Swollman# Burundi 114273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1152742Swollman 1162742Swollman# Cameroon 117273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1182742Swollman 119309792Sbapt# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde 120273718Sedwin# 121331662Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 122316349Sbapt# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02. 123331662Sphilip# For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 124331662Sphilip# (see Europe/Lisbon). 125273718Sedwin# 126349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 127331662SphilipZone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia 128316349Sbapt -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep 129316349Sbapt -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15 130316349Sbapt -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00 131316349Sbapt -1:00 - -01 1322742Swollman 1332742Swollman# Central African Republic 134273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1352742Swollman 1362742Swollman# Chad 137349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 138273718SedwinZone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 13930711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 14030711Swollman 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 14130711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1422742Swollman 1432742Swollman# Comoros 144274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 1452742Swollman 146273718Sedwin# Democratic Republic of the Congo 147273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 14830711Swollman 14930711Swollman# Republic of the Congo 150273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 1512742Swollman 152273718Sedwin# C��te d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 153349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1542742SwollmanZone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 15530711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 156270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali 157270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia 158270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea 159270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal 160270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone 161270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo 162270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania 163270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso 164270728SpluknetLink Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena 1652742Swollman 1662742Swollman# Djibouti 167274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 1682742Swollman 1692742Swollman############################################################################### 1702742Swollman 1712742Swollman# Egypt 1722742Swollman 173248307Sedwin# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 174248307Sedwin# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 175248307Sedwin# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 176248307Sedwin# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 177248307Sedwin 178366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 17919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 1802742SwollmanRule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 18119878SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1822742SwollmanRule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 18319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1842742SwollmanRule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 1852742SwollmanRule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 18619878SwollmanRule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 18719878SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1882742SwollmanRule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 18919878SwollmanRule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 19019878SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1912742SwollmanRule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 19230711SwollmanRule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 19319878SwollmanRule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 19419878SwollmanRule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 19519878SwollmanRule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 19619878SwollmanRule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 19730711SwollmanRule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 19843014Swollman# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 19943543Swollman# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 200221092Sedwin 201221092Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 202221092Sedwin# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 203221092Sedwin# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 204221092Sedwin# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 205221092Sedwin# 206221092Sedwin# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 207221092Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 208221092Sedwin# or 209221092Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 210221092SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 211267473SedwinRule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 212163302Sru# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 213163302Sru# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 214163302Sru# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 215163302Sru# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 216163302Sru# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 217267473SedwinRule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 218171948Sedwin# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 219171948Sedwin# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 220171948Sedwin# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 221270728Spluknet# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 222240457Sedwin# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 223325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 224172479Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 225172479Sedwin# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 226267473SedwinRule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 227172479Sedwin# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 228172479Sedwin# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 229172479Sedwin# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 230172479Sedwin# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 231172479Sedwin# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 232172479Sedwin# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 233172479Sedwin# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 234171948Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 235172479Sedwin# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 23620094Swollman 237191618Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 238191618Sedwin# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 239191618Sedwin# 240191618Sedwin# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 241192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 242191618Sedwin# Apr 23 243192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 244192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 245191618Sedwin# Apr 24 246192886Sedwin# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 247192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 248191618Sedwin# Aug 27 249192886Sedwin# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 250192886Sedwin# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 251191618Sedwin# Aug 27 252192886Sedwin# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 253191618Sedwin# 254191618Sedwin# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 255191618Sedwin# :59) 256191618Sedwin# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 257191618Sedwin# 258191618Sedwin# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 259191618Sedwin# 260270728Spluknet# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 261325159Sphilip# [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 262325159Sphilip# [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 263191618Sedwin 264191618Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 265191618Sedwin# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 266191618Sedwin# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 267191618Sedwin# in September. 268196582Sedwin 269196582Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 270240457Sedwin# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 271196582Sedwin# Information and Decision Support Center: 272325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 273240457Sedwin# 274196582Sedwin# The Middle East News Agency 275325159Sphilip# https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 276196582Sedwin# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 277240457Sedwin# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 278196582Sedwin# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 279196582Sedwin# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 280196582Sedwin# (at least today). 281196582Sedwin 282210718Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 283270728Spluknet# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 284210718Sedwin# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 285210718Sedwin# Ramadan. 286210718Sedwin# 287210718Sedwin# Arabic translation: 288270728Spluknet# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 289210718Sedwin# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 290210718Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 291210718Sedwin 292265978Sedwin# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 293265978Sedwin# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 294265978Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 295265978Sedwin 296273718Sedwin# From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 297265978Sedwin# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 298265978Sedwin 299267473Sedwin# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 300267473Sedwin# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 301267473Sedwin# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 302267473Sedwin# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 303267473Sedwin# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 304267473Sedwin# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 305267473Sedwin# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 306267473Sedwin# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 307267473Sedwin# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 308267473Sedwin# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 309267473Sedwin# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 310267473Sedwin# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 311267473Sedwin 312267473Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 313265978Sedwin# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 314265978Sedwin# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 315267473Sedwin# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 316267473Sedwin# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 317265978Sedwin# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 318283042Sedwin 319283042Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 320283042Sedwin# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 321283042Sedwin# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 322283042Sedwin# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 323283042Sedwin# dates not yet announced.... 324283042Sedwin# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 325325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 326283042Sedwin 327283079Sedwin# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 328283079Sedwin# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 329283079Sedwin# least for 2015. 330283079Sedwin# 331283079Sedwin# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 332283079Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 333283079Sedwin# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 334283079Sedwin# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 335283079Sedwin# practice altogether in future years." 336283079Sedwin# 337284397Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 338284397Sedwin# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 339284397Sedwin# decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 340284397Sedwin# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 341283079Sedwin 342307361Sbapt# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): 343307361Sbapt# Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... 344307361Sbapt# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx 345307361Sbapt# From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): 346307361Sbapt# Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, 347307361Sbapt 348267473SedwinRule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 349267473SedwinRule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 350267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 351267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 352267473SedwinRule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 353265978SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 354267473SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 355267473SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 356283079SedwinRule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 357191618Sedwin 358349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 359248307SedwinZone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 36019878Swollman 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 3612742Swollman 3622742Swollman# Equatorial Guinea 363273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 3642742Swollman 3652742Swollman# Eritrea 366345670Sphilip# See Africa/Nairobi. 367345670Sphilip 368345670Sphilip# Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) 369345670Sphilip# See Africa/Johannesburg. 370345670Sphilip 3712742Swollman# Ethiopia 372274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 373339630Sphilip# 374339630Sphilip# Unfortunately tzdb records only Western clock time in use in Ethiopia, 375339630Sphilip# as the tzdb format is not up to properly recording a common Ethiopian 376339630Sphilip# timekeeping practice that is based on solar time. See: 377339630Sphilip# Mortada D. If you have a meeting in Ethiopia, you'd better double 378339630Sphilip# check the time. PRI's The World. 2015-01-30 15:15 -05. 379339630Sphilip# https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-01-30/if-you-have-meeting-ethiopia-you-better-double-check-time 3802742Swollman 3812742Swollman# Gabon 382273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 3832742Swollman 3842742Swollman# Gambia 385270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 3862742Swollman 3872742Swollman# Ghana 388331662Sphilip 389368822Sphilip# From P Chan (2020-11-20): 390368822Sphilip# Interpretation Amendment Ordinance, 1915 (No.24 of 1915) [1915-11-02] 391368822Sphilip# Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1915, p 69-71 392368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=ErA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA70 393368822Sphilip# This Ordinance added "'Time' shall mean Greenwich Mean Time" to the 394368822Sphilip# Interpretation Ordinance, 1876. 395368822Sphilip# 396368822Sphilip# Determination of the Time Ordinance, 1919 (No. 18 of 1919) [1919-11-24] 397368822Sphilip# Ordinances of the Gold Coast, Ashanti, Northern Territories 1919, p 75-76 398368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=MbA-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA75 399368822Sphilip# This Ordinance removed the previous definition of time and introduced DST. 400368822Sphilip# 401368822Sphilip# Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 214) 402368822Sphilip# The Laws of the Gold Coast (including Togoland Under British Mandate) 403368822Sphilip# Vol. II (1937), p 2328 404368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=Z7M-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA2328 405368822Sphilip# Revised edition of the 1919 Ordinance. 406368822Sphilip# 407368822Sphilip# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1940 (No. 9 of 1940) [1940-04-06] 408368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast: 409368822Sphilip# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1940, p 22 410368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=1ao-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA22 411368822Sphilip# This Ordinance changed the forward transition from September to May. 412368822Sphilip# 413368822Sphilip# Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment) Regulations, 1942 414368822Sphilip# (Regulations No. 6 of 1942) [1942-01-31, commenced on 1942-02-08] 415368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast: 416368822Sphilip# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 48 417368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA48 418368822Sphilip# These regulations advanced the [standard] time by thirty minutes. 419368822Sphilip# 420368822Sphilip# Defence (Time Determination Ordinance Amendment (No.2)) Regulations, 421368822Sphilip# 1942 (Regulations No. 28 of 1942) [1942-04-25] 422368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast: 423368822Sphilip# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1942, p 87 424368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=Das-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA87 425368822Sphilip# These regulations abolished DST and changed the time to GMT+0:30. 426368822Sphilip# 427368822Sphilip# Defence (Revocation) (No.4) Regulations, 1945 (Regulations No. 45 of 428368822Sphilip# 1945) [1945-10-24, commenced on 1946-01-06] 429368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast: 430368822Sphilip# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 256 431368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA256 432368822Sphilip# These regulations revoked the previous two sets of Regulations. 433368822Sphilip# 434368822Sphilip# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1945 (No. 18 of 1945) [1946-01-06] 435368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast: 436368822Sphilip# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1945, p 69 437368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=9as-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA69 438368822Sphilip# This Ordinance abolished DST. 439368822Sphilip# 440368822Sphilip# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1950 (No. 26 of 1950) [1950-07-22] 441368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Laws of the Gold Coast: 442368822Sphilip# Containing All Legislation Enacted During Year 1950, p 35 443368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=e60-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA35 444368822Sphilip# This Ordinance restored DST but with thirty minutes offset. 445368822Sphilip# 446368822Sphilip# Time Determination Ordinance (Cap. 264) 447368822Sphilip# The Laws of the Gold Coast, Vol. V (1954), p 380 448368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=Mqc-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA380 449368822Sphilip# Revised edition of the Time Determination Ordinance. 450368822Sphilip# 451368822Sphilip# Time Determination (Amendment) Ordinance, 1956 (No. 21 of 1956) [1956-08-29] 452368822Sphilip# Annual Volume of the Ordinances of the Gold Coast Enacted During the 453368822Sphilip# Year 1956, p 83 454368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=VLE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA83 455368822Sphilip# This Ordinance abolished DST. 456368822Sphilip 457366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 458368822SphilipRule Ghana 1919 only - Nov 24 0:00 0:20 +0020 459368822SphilipRule Ghana 1920 1942 - Jan 1 2:00 0 GMT 460368822SphilipRule Ghana 1920 1939 - Sep 1 2:00 0:20 +0020 461368822SphilipRule Ghana 1940 1941 - May 1 2:00 0:20 +0020 462368822SphilipRule Ghana 1950 1955 - Sep 1 2:00 0:30 +0030 463368822SphilipRule Ghana 1951 1956 - Jan 1 2:00 0 GMT 464368822Sphilip 465349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 466368822SphilipZone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1915 Nov 2 467368822Sphilip 0:00 Ghana %s 1942 Feb 8 468368822Sphilip 0:30 - +0030 1946 Jan 6 469368822Sphilip 0:00 Ghana %s 4702742Swollman 4712742Swollman# Guinea 472270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 4732742Swollman 4742742Swollman# Guinea-Bissau 475273718Sedwin# 476331662Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 477273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 478273718Sedwin# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 479331662Sphilip# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 480273718Sedwin# 481349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 482331662SphilipZone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u 483316349Sbapt -1:00 - -01 1975 48430711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 4852742Swollman 4862742Swollman# Kenya 487368822Sphilip 488368822Sphilip# From P Chan (2020-10-24): 489368822Sphilip# 490368822Sphilip# The standard time of GMT+2:30 was adopted in the East Africa Protectorate.... 491368822Sphilip# [The Official Gazette, 1908-05-01, p 274] 492368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=e-cAC-sjPSEC&pg=PA274 493368822Sphilip# 494368822Sphilip# At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward 495368822Sphilip# half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928. 496368822Sphilip# https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf 497368822Sphilip# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Offical Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813] 498368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813 499368822Sphilip# 500368822Sphilip# The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance, 501368822Sphilip# 1929 and the time was restored to GMT+2:30 at midnight on 4 January 1930. 502368822Sphilip# [Ordinance No. 97 of 1929, The Official Gazette, 1929-12-31, p 2701] 503368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=_g18jIZQlwwC&pg=PA2701 504368822Sphilip# 505368822Sphilip# The Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1936 changed the time to GMT+2:45 506368822Sphilip# and repealed the previous ordinance at midnight on 31 December 1936. 507368822Sphilip# [The Official Gazette, 1936-07-21, p 705] 508368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=K7j41z0aC5wC&pg=PA705 509368822Sphilip# 510368822Sphilip# The Defence (Amendment of Laws No. 120) Regulations changed the time 511368822Sphilip# to GMT+3 at midnight on 31 July 1942. 512368822Sphilip# [Kenya Official Gazette Supplement No. 32, 1942-07-21, p 331] 513368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-TW&id=c_E-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA331 514368822Sphilip# The provision of the 1936 ordinance was not repealed and was later 515368822Sphilip# incorporated in the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance in 1948. 516368822Sphilip# Although it was overridden by the 1942 regulations. 517368822Sphilip# [The Laws of Kenya in force on 1948-09-21, Title I, Chapter 1, 31] 518368822Sphilip# https://dds.crl.edu/item/217517 (p.101) 519368822Sphilip# In 1950 the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance was amended to adopt 520368822Sphilip# GMT+3 permanently as the 1942 regulations were due to expire on 10 December. 521368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=jvR8mUDAwR0C&pg=PA787 522368822Sphilip# [Ordinance No. 44 of 1950, Kenya Ordinances 1950, Vol. XXIX, p 294] 523368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=-_dQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA294 524368822Sphilip 525368822Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2020-10-24): 526368822Sphilip# The 1908-05-01 announcement does not give an effective date, 527368822Sphilip# so just say "1908 May". 528368822Sphilip 529349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 530368822SphilipZone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1908 May 531368822Sphilip 2:30 - +0230 1928 Jun 30 24:00 532368822Sphilip 3:00 - EAT 1930 Jan 4 24:00 533368822Sphilip 2:30 - +0230 1936 Dec 31 24:00 534368822Sphilip 2:45 - +0245 1942 Jul 31 24:00 5352742Swollman 3:00 - EAT 536274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia 537274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea 538274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania 539274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti 540274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda 541274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia 542274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar 543274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro 544274559SedwinLink Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte 5452742Swollman 5462742Swollman# Lesotho 547273718Sedwin# See Africa/Johannesburg. 5482742Swollman 5492742Swollman# Liberia 550316349Sbapt# 551316349Sbapt# From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): 552316349Sbapt# 553316349Sbapt# The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. 554316349Sbapt# 555328475Sphilip# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset 556316349Sbapt# that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on 557316349Sbapt# 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: 558316349Sbapt# Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of 559316349Sbapt# President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. 560316349Sbapt# Monrovia: Executive Mansion. 561316349Sbapt# 562316349Sbapt# Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric 563316349Sbapt# abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. 564316349Sbapt# 565349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 5662742SwollmanZone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 5672742Swollman -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 568316349Sbapt -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT 56930711Swollman 0:00 - GMT 5702742Swollman 5712742Swollman############################################################################### 5722742Swollman 5732742Swollman# Libya 5742742Swollman 575243003Sedwin# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 576243003Sedwin# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 577325159Sphilip# https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 578243003Sedwin# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 579243003Sedwin# 580243003Sedwin# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 581325159Sphilip# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 582243003Sedwin# 583243003Sedwin# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 584243003Sedwin# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 585243003Sedwin# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 586243003Sedwin# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 587243003Sedwin# lastFri instead of lastSun). 588243003Sedwin 589257681Sedwin# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 590257681Sedwin# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 591257681Sedwin# cancelled yesterday.... 592325159Sphilip# https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 593257681Sedwin# 594257681Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 595307361Sbapt# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. 596257681Sedwin 597366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 59819878SwollmanRule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 5992742SwollmanRule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 60019878SwollmanRule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 6012742SwollmanRule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 60219878SwollmanRule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 6032742SwollmanRule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 60419878SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 6052742SwollmanRule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 60619878SwollmanRule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 60719878SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 6082742SwollmanRule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 60919878SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 610149514SwollmanRule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 611243003SedwinRule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 612243003SedwinRule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 613257681SedwinRule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 614257681SedwinRule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 615349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 6162742SwollmanZone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 61719878Swollman 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 6182742Swollman 2:00 - EET 1982 61958787Sru 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 620243003Sedwin# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 621273718Sedwin# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 62258787Sru 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 623243003Sedwin 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 624273718Sedwin 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 625273718Sedwin 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 626257681Sedwin 2:00 - EET 6272742Swollman 6282742Swollman# Madagascar 629274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 6302742Swollman 6312742Swollman# Malawi 632273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 6332742Swollman 6342742Swollman# Mali 6352742Swollman# Mauritania 636270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 6372742Swollman 6382742Swollman# Mauritius 639181421Sedwin 640181421Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 641181421Sedwin# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 642181421Sedwin# basis.... 643240457Sedwin# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 644181421Sedwin# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 645325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 646181424Sedwin 647181421Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 648181421Sedwin# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 649181424Sedwin 650181421Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 651181421Sedwin# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 652181421Sedwin# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 653181421Sedwin# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 654181424Sedwin 655181421Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 656181421Sedwin# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 657181421Sedwin 658181424Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 659181424Sedwin# According to 660181424Sedwin# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 661181424Sedwin# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 662181424Sedwin# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 663181424Sedwin# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 664181424Sedwin# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 665240457Sedwin# 666240457Sedwin# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 667240457Sedwin# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 668240457Sedwin# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 669240457Sedwin# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 670240457Sedwin# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 671181424Sedwin# changes two days later. 672181424Sedwin 673181424Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 674181424Sedwin# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 675286750Sedwin# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 676181424Sedwin# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 677181424Sedwin# 678181424Sedwin# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 679270728Spluknet# de l'heure d'��t��" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 680270728Spluknet# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 681181424Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 682181424Sedwin 683183066Sedwin# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 684183066Sedwin# The Government of Mauritius weblink 685192886Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 686183066Sedwin# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 687183066Sedwin# 688183066Sedwin# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 689183066Sedwin# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 690183066Sedwin# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 691183066Sedwin# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 692183066Sedwin# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 693183066Sedwin# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 694183066Sedwin# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 695270728Spluknet# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 696183066Sedwin# and end on 29 March 2009. 697183066Sedwin 698183864Sedwin# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 699183864Sedwin# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 700183864Sedwin# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 701183864Sedwin# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 702183864Sedwin# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 703183864Sedwin 704196581Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 705196581Sedwin# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 706196581Sedwin# DST the coming summer... 707196581Sedwin# 708196581Sedwin# Some sources, in French: 709196581Sedwin# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 710196581Sedwin# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 711196581Sedwin# 712196581Sedwin# Our wrap-up: 713325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 714196581Sedwin 715196581Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 716240457Sedwin# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 717196581Sedwin# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 718196581Sedwin# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 719196581Sedwin 720366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 721331662SphilipRule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 - 722181421SedwinRule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 723331662SphilipRule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 724196581SedwinRule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 725349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 726273718SedwinZone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 727316349Sbapt 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05 7282742Swollman# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 7292742Swollman# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 7302742Swollman 7312742Swollman# Mayotte 732274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 7332742Swollman 7342742Swollman# Morocco 735270728Spluknet# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 736181418Sedwin 737181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 738181418Sedwin# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 739181418Sedwin# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 740181418Sedwin# 741181418Sedwin# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 742181418Sedwin# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 743270728Spluknet# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 744181418Sedwin# 745325159Sphilip# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 746181418Sedwin# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 747181418Sedwin 748181418Sedwin# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 749273718Sedwin# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 750273718Sedwin# Presse: 751181418Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 752181418Sedwin# 753181418Sedwin# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 754181418Sedwin# spokesman. 755181418Sedwin 756181418Sedwin# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 757181418Sedwin# According to this article: 758325159Sphilip# https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 759270728Spluknet# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 760270728Spluknet# the changes occur at midnight: 761181418Sedwin# 762270728Spluknet# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 763270728Spluknet# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 764270728Spluknet# Sunday night the 28th at midnight 765181418Sedwin# 766270728Spluknet# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 767270728Spluknet# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 768270728Spluknet# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 769270728Spluknet# June 1st to Sept 27th. 770181418Sedwin# 771181418Sedwin# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 772181418Sedwin# published on the web. 773181418Sedwin# 774181418Sedwin# It's also confirmed here: 775181418Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 776270728Spluknet# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 777270728Spluknet# posted in English). 778181418Sedwin# 779270728Spluknet# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 780325159Sphilip# https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 781181418Sedwin 782183066Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 783240457Sedwin# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 784240457Sedwin# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 785183066Sedwin# of September: 786183066Sedwin# 787183066Sedwin# One article about it (in French): 788183066Sedwin# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 789183066Sedwin# 790183066Sedwin# We have some further details posted here: 791325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 792190372Sedwin 793190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 794190372Sedwin# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 795190372Sedwin# to many sources, such as 796190372Sedwin# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 797190372Sedwin# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 798190372Sedwin# (French) 799190372Sedwin# 800190372Sedwin# Our summary: 801325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 802190372Sedwin 803190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 804190372Sedwin# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 805270728Spluknet# Minist��re de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 806190372Sedwin# 807286750Sedwin# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 808190372Sedwin# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 809190372Sedwin# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 810190372Sedwin# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 811190372Sedwin# 812190372Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 813190372Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 814190372Sedwin 815206868Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 816206868Sedwin# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 817206868Sedwin# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 818206868Sedwin# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 819206868Sedwin# 820206868Sedwin# Example: 821206868Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 822206868Sedwin# (French) 823206868Sedwin# Our page: 824325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 825206868Sedwin 826220286Sedwin# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 827220286Sedwin# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 828273718Sedwin# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 829273718Sedwin# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 830220286Sedwin# ...Official links of change in morocco 831220286Sedwin# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 832220286Sedwin# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 833220286Sedwin# +212.537.71.84.00 834220286Sedwin# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 835220286Sedwin# They said that 836220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 837220286Sedwin# is the official publication to look at. 838220286Sedwin# They said that the decision was already taken. 839220286Sedwin# 840220286Sedwin# More articles in the press 841325159Sphilip# https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 842220286Sedwin# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 843220286Sedwin# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 844220286Sedwin 845220286Sedwin# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 846220286Sedwin# They have it written in English here: 847220286Sedwin# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 848220286Sedwin# 849220286Sedwin# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 850220286Sedwin# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 851220286Sedwin# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 852220286Sedwin# also been like that in the past. 853220286Sedwin 854240457Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 855270728Spluknet# According to Infom��diaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 856270728Spluknet# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure l��gale: 857270728Spluknet# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'��t�� 858240457Sedwin# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 859240457Sedwin# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 860240457Sedwin# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 861240457Sedwin# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 862240457Sedwin# except the month of Ramadan. 863240457Sedwin# or (brief) 864240457Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 865240457Sedwin 866240457Sedwin# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 867240457Sedwin# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 868240457Sedwin# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 869240457Sedwin# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 870240457Sedwin# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 871240457Sedwin# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 872240457Sedwin 873240457Sedwin# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 874240457Sedwin# Seen Morocco change again: 875240457Sedwin# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 876270728Spluknet# "...�� partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 877270728Spluknet# comme annonc�� pr��c��demment." 878240457Sedwin 879240457Sedwin# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 880240457Sedwin# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 881240457Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 882240457Sedwin# 883240457Sedwin# Google translation, lightly edited: 884240457Sedwin# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 885240457Sedwin# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 886240457Sedwin# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 887240457Sedwin# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 888240457Sedwin# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 889240457Sedwin# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 890240457Sedwin# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 891240457Sedwin# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 892240457Sedwin# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 893240457Sedwin 894248307Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 895248307Sedwin# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 896248307Sedwin# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 897248307Sedwin# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 898248307Sedwin# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 899273718Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 900253009Sedwin 901253009Sedwin# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 902253009Sedwin# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 903253009Sedwin# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 904253009Sedwin# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 905253009Sedwin 906257681Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 907257681Sedwin# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 908257681Sedwin# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 909257681Sedwin# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 910257681Sedwin# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 911257681Sedwin# source (French): 912257681Sedwin# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 913257681Sedwin# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 914257681Sedwin# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 915257681Sedwin 916263901Sedwin# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 917263901Sedwin# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 918263901Sedwin 919267473Sedwin# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 920267473Sedwin# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 921267473Sedwin# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 922267473Sedwin# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 923267473Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 924267473Sedwin 925284397Sedwin# From Milamber (2015-06-08): 926284397Sedwin# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 927284397Sedwin# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 928284397Sedwin# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 929284397Sedwin# 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 930284397Sedwin# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 931284397Sedwin# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 932284397Sedwin# Source (french): 933325159Sphilip# https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 934284397Sedwin# 935284397Sedwin# From Milamber (2015-06-09): 936284397Sedwin# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 937284397Sedwin# 938284397Sedwin# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 939284397Sedwin# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 940284397Sedwin# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 941284397Sedwin# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 942325159Sphilip# <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 943284397Sedwin# with the patch. 944284397Sedwin 945339938Sphilip# From Mohamed Essedik Najd (2018-10-26): 946339938Sphilip# Today, a Moroccan government council approved the perpetual addition 947339938Sphilip# of 60 minutes to the regular Moroccan timezone. 948342668Sphilip# From Matt Johnson (2018-10-28): 949342668Sphilip# http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/1/BO/2018/BO_6720-bis_Ar.pdf 950342668Sphilip# 951342668Sphilip# From Maamar Abdelkader (2018-11-01): 952342668Sphilip# We usually move clocks back the previous week end and come back to the +1 953342668Sphilip# the week end after.... The government does not announce yet the decision 954342668Sphilip# about this temporary change. But it s 99% sure that it will be the case, 955342668Sphilip# as in previous years. An unofficial survey was done these days, showing 956349598Sphilip# that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan. 957342668Sphilip# https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan 958349598Sphilip 959349598Sphilip# From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16): 960349598Sphilip# Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am. 961349598Sphilip# The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am.... 962349598Sphilip# http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222 963360362Sphilip 964360362Sphilip# From Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14): 965360362Sphilip# Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to 966360362Sphilip# GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and 967360362Sphilip# the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m.... 968360362Sphilip# https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/ 969360362Sphilip# http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1 970342668Sphilip# 971366625Sphilip# From Milamber (2020-05-31) 972366625Sphilip# In Morocco (where I live), the end of Ramadan (Arabic month) is followed by 973366625Sphilip# the Eid al-Fitr, and concretely it's 1 or 2 day offs for the people (with 974366625Sphilip# traditional visiting of family, big lunches/dinners, etc.). So for this 975366625Sphilip# year the astronomical calculations don't include the following 2 days off in 976366625Sphilip# the calc. These 2 days fall in a Sunday/Monday, so it's not acceptable by 977366625Sphilip# people to have a time shift during these 2 days off. Perhaps you can modify 978366625Sphilip# the (predicted) rules for next years: if the end of Ramadan is a (probable) 979366625Sphilip# Friday or Saturday (and so the 2 days off are on a weekend), the next time 980366625Sphilip# shift will be the next weekend. 981366625Sphilip# 982366625Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2020-05-31): 983360362Sphilip# For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00 984360362Sphilip# the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the 985366625Sphilip# first Sunday after two days after Ramadan. To implement this, 986366625Sphilip# transition dates and times for 2019 through 2087 were determined by 987366625Sphilip# running the following program under GNU Emacs 26.3. (This algorithm 988366625Sphilip# also produces the correct transition dates for 2016 through 2018, 989366625Sphilip# though the times differ due to Morocco's time zone change in 2018.) 990366625Sphilip# (let ((islamic-year 1440)) 991342668Sphilip# (require 'cal-islam) 992349598Sphilip# (while (< islamic-year 1511) 993342668Sphilip# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 994366625Sphilip# (b (+ 2 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) 995342668Sphilip# (sunday 0)) 996342668Sphilip# (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 997342668Sphilip# (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 998342668Sphilip# (setq b (1+ b))) 999342668Sphilip# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 1000342668Sphilip# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 1001342668Sphilip# (insert 1002342668Sphilip# (format 1003342668Sphilip# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n" 1004342668Sphilip# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n") 1005342668Sphilip# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 1006342668Sphilip# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 1007342668Sphilip# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 1008248307Sedwin 1009366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1010339938SphilipRule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 - 10112742SwollmanRule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 1012339938SphilipRule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 - 10132742SwollmanRule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 1014339938SphilipRule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 - 10152742SwollmanRule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 1016339938SphilipRule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 - 10172742SwollmanRule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1018339938SphilipRule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 - 10192742SwollmanRule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 1020339938SphilipRule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 10212742SwollmanRule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 10222742SwollmanRule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 1023339938SphilipRule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 10242742SwollmanRule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 1025339938SphilipRule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 1026183066SedwinRule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 1027339938SphilipRule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 1028267473SedwinRule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 1029339938SphilipRule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 - 1030206868SedwinRule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 1031339938SphilipRule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 - 1032307361SbaptRule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - 1033339938SphilipRule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 1034267473SedwinRule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 1035339938SphilipRule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 - 1036307361SbaptRule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1037267473SedwinRule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 1038339938SphilipRule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 - 1039339938SphilipRule Morocco 2013 2018 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 1040339938SphilipRule Morocco 2014 2018 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 1041267473SedwinRule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 1042339938SphilipRule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 - 1043284397SedwinRule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 1044339938SphilipRule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 - 1045284397SedwinRule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 1046339938SphilipRule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 - 1047284397SedwinRule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 1048339938SphilipRule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 - 1049284397SedwinRule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 1050339938SphilipRule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 - 1051342668SphilipRule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1052342668SphilipRule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 0 - 1053342668SphilipRule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1054360362SphilipRule Morocco 2020 only - May 31 2:00 0 - 1055342668SphilipRule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1056342668SphilipRule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 0 - 1057342668SphilipRule Morocco 2022 only - Mar 27 3:00 -1:00 - 1058342668SphilipRule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 0 - 1059342668SphilipRule Morocco 2023 only - Mar 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1060366625SphilipRule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 30 2:00 0 - 1061342668SphilipRule Morocco 2024 only - Mar 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1062342668SphilipRule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 0 - 1063342668SphilipRule Morocco 2025 only - Feb 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1064342668SphilipRule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 0 - 1065342668SphilipRule Morocco 2026 only - Feb 15 3:00 -1:00 - 1066342668SphilipRule Morocco 2026 only - Mar 22 2:00 0 - 1067342668SphilipRule Morocco 2027 only - Feb 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1068342668SphilipRule Morocco 2027 only - Mar 14 2:00 0 - 1069342668SphilipRule Morocco 2028 only - Jan 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1070360362SphilipRule Morocco 2028 only - Mar 5 2:00 0 - 1071342668SphilipRule Morocco 2029 only - Jan 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1072342668SphilipRule Morocco 2029 only - Feb 18 2:00 0 - 1073342668SphilipRule Morocco 2029 only - Dec 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1074342668SphilipRule Morocco 2030 only - Feb 10 2:00 0 - 1075342668SphilipRule Morocco 2030 only - Dec 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1076366625SphilipRule Morocco 2031 only - Feb 2 2:00 0 - 1077342668SphilipRule Morocco 2031 only - Dec 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1078342668SphilipRule Morocco 2032 only - Jan 18 2:00 0 - 1079342668SphilipRule Morocco 2032 only - Nov 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1080342668SphilipRule Morocco 2033 only - Jan 9 2:00 0 - 1081342668SphilipRule Morocco 2033 only - Nov 20 3:00 -1:00 - 1082342668SphilipRule Morocco 2033 only - Dec 25 2:00 0 - 1083342668SphilipRule Morocco 2034 only - Nov 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1084342668SphilipRule Morocco 2034 only - Dec 17 2:00 0 - 1085342668SphilipRule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1086360362SphilipRule Morocco 2035 only - Dec 9 2:00 0 - 1087342668SphilipRule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1088342668SphilipRule Morocco 2036 only - Nov 23 2:00 0 - 1089342668SphilipRule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1090342668SphilipRule Morocco 2037 only - Nov 15 2:00 0 - 1091349598SphilipRule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1092366625SphilipRule Morocco 2038 only - Nov 7 2:00 0 - 1093349598SphilipRule Morocco 2039 only - Sep 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1094349598SphilipRule Morocco 2039 only - Oct 23 2:00 0 - 1095349598SphilipRule Morocco 2040 only - Sep 2 3:00 -1:00 - 1096349598SphilipRule Morocco 2040 only - Oct 14 2:00 0 - 1097349598SphilipRule Morocco 2041 only - Aug 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1098349598SphilipRule Morocco 2041 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - 1099349598SphilipRule Morocco 2042 only - Aug 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1100349598SphilipRule Morocco 2042 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 - 1101349598SphilipRule Morocco 2043 only - Aug 2 3:00 -1:00 - 1102360362SphilipRule Morocco 2043 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 1103349598SphilipRule Morocco 2044 only - Jul 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1104349598SphilipRule Morocco 2044 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 - 1105349598SphilipRule Morocco 2045 only - Jul 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1106349598SphilipRule Morocco 2045 only - Aug 20 2:00 0 - 1107349598SphilipRule Morocco 2046 only - Jul 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1108366625SphilipRule Morocco 2046 only - Aug 12 2:00 0 - 1109349598SphilipRule Morocco 2047 only - Jun 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1110349598SphilipRule Morocco 2047 only - Jul 28 2:00 0 - 1111349598SphilipRule Morocco 2048 only - Jun 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1112349598SphilipRule Morocco 2048 only - Jul 19 2:00 0 - 1113349598SphilipRule Morocco 2049 only - May 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1114349598SphilipRule Morocco 2049 only - Jul 4 2:00 0 - 1115349598SphilipRule Morocco 2050 only - May 15 3:00 -1:00 - 1116349598SphilipRule Morocco 2050 only - Jun 26 2:00 0 - 1117349598SphilipRule Morocco 2051 only - May 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1118360362SphilipRule Morocco 2051 only - Jun 18 2:00 0 - 1119349598SphilipRule Morocco 2052 only - Apr 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1120349598SphilipRule Morocco 2052 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 - 1121349598SphilipRule Morocco 2053 only - Apr 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1122349598SphilipRule Morocco 2053 only - May 25 2:00 0 - 1123349598SphilipRule Morocco 2054 only - Apr 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1124366625SphilipRule Morocco 2054 only - May 17 2:00 0 - 1125349598SphilipRule Morocco 2055 only - Mar 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1126349598SphilipRule Morocco 2055 only - May 2 2:00 0 - 1127349598SphilipRule Morocco 2056 only - Mar 12 3:00 -1:00 - 1128349598SphilipRule Morocco 2056 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - 1129349598SphilipRule Morocco 2057 only - Mar 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1130349598SphilipRule Morocco 2057 only - Apr 8 2:00 0 - 1131349598SphilipRule Morocco 2058 only - Feb 17 3:00 -1:00 - 1132349598SphilipRule Morocco 2058 only - Mar 31 2:00 0 - 1133349598SphilipRule Morocco 2059 only - Feb 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1134360362SphilipRule Morocco 2059 only - Mar 23 2:00 0 - 1135349598SphilipRule Morocco 2060 only - Feb 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1136349598SphilipRule Morocco 2060 only - Mar 7 2:00 0 - 1137349598SphilipRule Morocco 2061 only - Jan 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1138349598SphilipRule Morocco 2061 only - Feb 27 2:00 0 - 1139349598SphilipRule Morocco 2062 only - Jan 8 3:00 -1:00 - 1140366625SphilipRule Morocco 2062 only - Feb 19 2:00 0 - 1141349598SphilipRule Morocco 2062 only - Dec 31 3:00 -1:00 - 1142349598SphilipRule Morocco 2063 only - Feb 4 2:00 0 - 1143349598SphilipRule Morocco 2063 only - Dec 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1144360362SphilipRule Morocco 2064 only - Jan 27 2:00 0 - 1145349598SphilipRule Morocco 2064 only - Dec 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1146349598SphilipRule Morocco 2065 only - Jan 11 2:00 0 - 1147349598SphilipRule Morocco 2065 only - Nov 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1148349598SphilipRule Morocco 2066 only - Jan 3 2:00 0 - 1149349598SphilipRule Morocco 2066 only - Nov 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1150360362SphilipRule Morocco 2066 only - Dec 26 2:00 0 - 1151349598SphilipRule Morocco 2067 only - Nov 6 3:00 -1:00 - 1152349598SphilipRule Morocco 2067 only - Dec 11 2:00 0 - 1153349598SphilipRule Morocco 2068 only - Oct 21 3:00 -1:00 - 1154349598SphilipRule Morocco 2068 only - Dec 2 2:00 0 - 1155349598SphilipRule Morocco 2069 only - Oct 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1156366625SphilipRule Morocco 2069 only - Nov 24 2:00 0 - 1157349598SphilipRule Morocco 2070 only - Oct 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1158349598SphilipRule Morocco 2070 only - Nov 9 2:00 0 - 1159349598SphilipRule Morocco 2071 only - Sep 20 3:00 -1:00 - 1160360362SphilipRule Morocco 2071 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 - 1161349598SphilipRule Morocco 2072 only - Sep 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1162349598SphilipRule Morocco 2072 only - Oct 16 2:00 0 - 1163349598SphilipRule Morocco 2073 only - Aug 27 3:00 -1:00 - 1164349598SphilipRule Morocco 2073 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 1165349598SphilipRule Morocco 2074 only - Aug 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1166360362SphilipRule Morocco 2074 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1167349598SphilipRule Morocco 2075 only - Aug 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1168349598SphilipRule Morocco 2075 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 - 1169349598SphilipRule Morocco 2076 only - Jul 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1170349598SphilipRule Morocco 2076 only - Sep 6 2:00 0 - 1171349598SphilipRule Morocco 2077 only - Jul 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1172366625SphilipRule Morocco 2077 only - Aug 29 2:00 0 - 1173349598SphilipRule Morocco 2078 only - Jul 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1174349598SphilipRule Morocco 2078 only - Aug 14 2:00 0 - 1175349598SphilipRule Morocco 2079 only - Jun 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1176360362SphilipRule Morocco 2079 only - Aug 6 2:00 0 - 1177349598SphilipRule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1178349598SphilipRule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - 1179349598SphilipRule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1180349598SphilipRule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - 1181349598SphilipRule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1182366625SphilipRule Morocco 2082 only - Jul 5 2:00 0 - 1183349598SphilipRule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1184349598SphilipRule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - 1185349598SphilipRule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1186349598SphilipRule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - 1187349598SphilipRule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1188366625SphilipRule Morocco 2085 only - Jun 3 2:00 0 - 1189349598SphilipRule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1190349598SphilipRule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - 1191349598SphilipRule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1192360362SphilipRule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - 1193349598Sphilip# For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that 1194349598Sphilip# Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will 1195349598Sphilip# need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the 1196349598Sphilip# rules first. 1197240457Sedwin 1198349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 11992742SwollmanZone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1200339938Sphilip 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 1984 Mar 16 1201339938Sphilip 1:00 - +01 1986 1202342668Sphilip 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1203342668Sphilip 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1204257681Sedwin 120519878Swollman# Western Sahara 1206257681Sedwin# 1207257681Sedwin# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1208257681Sedwin# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1209257681Sedwin# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1210257681Sedwin# Morocco does. 1211257681Sedwin# 1212257681Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1213257681Sedwin# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1214257681Sedwin# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1215257681Sedwin 1216270728SpluknetZone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aai��n 1217316349Sbapt -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14 1218342668Sphilip 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1219342668Sphilip 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 12208029Swollman 12212742Swollman# Mozambique 1222273718Sedwin# 1223273718Sedwin# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 1224273718Sedwin# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 1225316349Sbapt# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 1226273718Sedwin# merely made it official? 1227273718Sedwin# 1228349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12292742SwollmanZone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 123030711Swollman 2:00 - CAT 1231273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi 1232273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi 1233273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana 1234273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe 1235273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda 1236273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo 1237273718SedwinLink Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia 12382742Swollman 1239325159Sphilip 12402742Swollman# Namibia 1241169811Swollman 1242325159Sphilip# From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): 1243325159Sphilip# The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at 1244325159Sphilip# www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf 1245325159Sphilip# and includes this nugget: 1246325159Sphilip# Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the 1247325159Sphilip# first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall 1248325159Sphilip# commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on 1249325159Sphilip# Sunday 4 September 1994. 1250325159Sphilip 1251333312Sphilip# From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06): 1252333312Sphilip# ... both summer and winter time are called "standard" 1253333312Sphilip# (which differs from the use in Ireland) ... 1254333312Sphilip 1255273718Sedwin# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 1256273718Sedwin# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 1257169811Swollman# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1258169811Swollman# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1259169811Swollman# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1260169811Swollman# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1261169811Swollman# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1262169811Swollman# of the country. 1263240457Sedwin# 1264316349Sbapt# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): 1265316349Sbapt# Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally 1266316349Sbapt# observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. 1267316349Sbapt# In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1268316349Sbapt# See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. 1269325159Sphilip# https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers 1270169811Swollman 1271325159Sphilip# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): 1272325159Sphilip# Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: 1273325159Sphilip# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1274325159Sphilip# This video is from the government decision: 1275325159Sphilip# https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 1276325159Sphilip# We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at 1277325159Sphilip# the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: 1278325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html 1279325159Sphilip 1280333312Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09): 1281333312Sphilip# Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally. 1282333312Sphilip# However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST. See, e.g.: 1283333312Sphilip# http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706 1284333312Sphilip# https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia 1285333312Sphilip# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1286333312Sphilip# Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible 1287333312Sphilip# with Namibia's neighbors. 1288333312Sphilip 1289366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1290333312Sphilip# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1291333312SphilipRule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 -1:00 WAT 1292333312SphilipRule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 CAT 1293333312SphilipRule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 -1:00 WAT 1294360362Sphilip# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1295333312Sphilip#Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 WAT 1296333312Sphilip#Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 CAT 1297333312Sphilip#Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 WAT 1298333312Sphilip# End of rearguard section. 1299333312Sphilip 1300349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 13012742SwollmanZone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1302316349Sbapt 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar 1303273718Sedwin 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1304273718Sedwin 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 130530711Swollman 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1306333312Sphilip# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1307333312Sphilip 2:00 Namibia %s 1308360362Sphilip# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1309333312Sphilip# 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 1310333312Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07): 1311333312Sphilip# The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24. See: 1312333312Sphilip# http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf 1313333312Sphilip# 1:00 Namibia %s 2017 Oct 24 1314333312Sphilip# 2:00 - CAT 1315333312Sphilip# End of rearguard section. 13162742Swollman 13172742Swollman# Niger 1318273718Sedwin# See Africa/Lagos. 13192742Swollman 13202742Swollman# Nigeria 1321368822Sphilip 1322368822Sphilip# From P Chan (2020-12-03): 1323368822Sphilip# GMT was adopted as the standard time of Lagos on 1905-07-01. 1324368822Sphilip# Lagos Weekly Record, 1905-06-24, p 3 1325368822Sphilip# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558#?c=0&m=668&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1446%2C5221%2C1931%2C1235 1326368822Sphilip# says "It is officially notified that on and after the 1st of July 1905 1327368822Sphilip# Greenwich Mean Solar Time will be adopted thought the Colony and 1328368822Sphilip# Protectorate, and that it will be necessary to put all clocks 13 minutes and 1329368822Sphilip# 35 seconds back, recording local mean time." 1330368822Sphilip# 1331368822Sphilip# It seemed that Lagos returned to LMT on 1908-07-01. 1332368822Sphilip# [The Lagos Standard], 1908-07-01, p 5 1333368822Sphilip# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31556#?c=0&m=78&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-92%2C3590%2C3944%2C2523 1334368822Sphilip# says "Scarcely have the people become accustomed to this new time, when 1335368822Sphilip# another official notice has now appeared announcing that from and after the 1336368822Sphilip# 1st July next, return will be made to local mean time." 1337368822Sphilip# 1338368822Sphilip# From P Chan (2020-11-27): 1339368822Sphilip# On 1914-01-01, standard time of GMT+0:30 was adopted for the unified Nigeria. 1340368822Sphilip# Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 878. Nigeria. Report for 1914. (April 1916), 1341368822Sphilip# p 27 1342368822Sphilip# https://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/Africana/Books2011-05/3064634/3064634_1914/3064634_1914_opt.pdf#page=27 1343368822Sphilip# "On January 1st [1914], a universal standard time for Nigeria was adopted, 1344368822Sphilip# viz., half an hour fast on Greenwich mean time, corresponding to the meridian 1345368822Sphilip# 7 [degrees] 30' E. long." 1346368822Sphilip# Lloyd's Register of Shipping (1915) says "Hitherto the time observed in Lagos 1347368822Sphilip# was the local mean time. On 1st January, 1914, standard time for the whole of 1348368822Sphilip# Nigeria was introduced ... Lagos time has been advanced about 16 minutes 1349368822Sphilip# accordingly." 1350368822Sphilip# 1351368822Sphilip# In 1919, standard time was changed to GMT+1. 1352368822Sphilip# Interpretation Ordinance (Cap 2) 1353368822Sphilip# The Laws of Nigeria, Containing the Ordinances of Nigeria, in Force on the 1354368822Sphilip# 1st Day of January, 1923, Vol.I [p 16] 1355368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=BOMrAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA16 1356368822Sphilip# "The expression 'Standard time' means standard time as used in Nigeria: 1357368822Sphilip# namely, 60 minutes in advance of Greenwich mean time. (As amended by 18 of 1358368822Sphilip# 1919, s. 2.)" 1359368822Sphilip# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10): 1360368822Sphilip# The Lagos Weekly Record, 1919-09-20, p 3 details discussion on the first 1361368822Sphilip# reading of this Bill by the Legislative Council of the Colony of Nigeria on 1362368822Sphilip# Thursday 1919-08-28: 1363368822Sphilip# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558?terms&item_id=303484#?m=1118&c=1&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1261%2C3408%2C2994%2C1915 1364368822Sphilip# "The proposal is that the Globe should be divided into twelve zones East and 1365368822Sphilip# West of Greenwich, of one hour each, Nigeria falling into the zone with a 1366368822Sphilip# standard of one hour fast on Greenwich Mean Time. Nigeria standard time is 1367368822Sphilip# now 30 minutes in advance of Greenwich Mean Time ... according to the new 1368368822Sphilip# proposal, standard time will be advanced another 30 minutes". It was further 1369368822Sphilip# proposed that the firing of the time guns likewise be adjusted by 30 minutes 1370368822Sphilip# to compensate. 1371368822Sphilip# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10), per P Chan (2020-12-11): 1372368822Sphilip# The text of Ordinance 18 of 1919, published in Nigeria Gazette, Vol 6, No 52, 1373368822Sphilip# shows that the change was assented to the following day and took effect "on 1374368822Sphilip# the 1st day of September, 1919." 1375368822Sphilip# Nigeria Gazette and Supplements 1919 Jan-Dec, Reference: 73266B-40, 1376368822Sphilip# img 245-246 1377368822Sphilip# https://microform.digital/boa/collections/77/volumes/539/nigeria-lagos-1887-1919 1378368822Sphilip 1379349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1380368822SphilipZone Africa/Lagos 0:13:35 - LMT 1905 Jul 1 1381368822Sphilip 0:00 - GMT 1908 Jul 1 1382368822Sphilip 0:13:35 - LMT 1914 Jan 1 1383368822Sphilip 0:30 - +0030 1919 Sep 1 138430711Swollman 1:00 - WAT 1385273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic 1386273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo 1387273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon 1388273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west) 1389273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon 1390273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola 1391273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea 1392273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger 1393273718SedwinLink Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin 13942742Swollman 1395270728Spluknet# R��union 1396349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1397273718SedwinZone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1398316349Sbapt 4:00 - +04 139943014Swollman# 1400270728Spluknet# Crozet Islands also observes R��union time; see the 'antarctica' file. 1401270728Spluknet# 1402270728Spluknet# Scattered Islands (��les ��parses) administered from R��union are as follows. 140343014Swollman# The following information about them is taken from 1404270728Spluknet# ��les ��parses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 1405270728Spluknet# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 140658787Sru# We have no info about their time zone histories. 140743014Swollman# 140843014Swollman# Bassas da India - uninhabited 140943014Swollman# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 141043014Swollman# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 141143014Swollman# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 141243014Swollman# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 14132742Swollman 14142742Swollman# Rwanda 1415273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 14162742Swollman 14172742Swollman# St Helena 1418270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 141914343Swollman# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 142030711Swollman# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1421270728Spluknet# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 142258787Sru# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 142358787Sru# on GMT, says the CIA 1424270728Spluknet# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 142514343Swollman 1426270728Spluknet# S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe 1427328475Sphilip 1428331662Sphilip# See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition. 1429331662Sphilip 1430328475Sphilip# From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08): 1431328475Sphilip# Multiple sources tell that S��o Tom�� changed from UTC to UTC+1 as 1432328475Sphilip# they entered the year 2018. 1433328475Sphilip# From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08): 1434328475Sphilip# the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017] 1435328475Sphilip# http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017 1436328475Sphilip 1437342668Sphilip# From Vadim Nasardinov (2018-12-29): 1438342668Sphilip# S��o Tom�� and Pr��ncipe is about to do the following on Jan 1, 2019: 1439342668Sphilip# https://www.stp-press.st/2018/12/05/governo-jesus-ja-decidiu-repor-hora-legal-sao-tomense/ 1440342668Sphilip# 1441342668Sphilip# From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30): 1442342668Sphilip# https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818 1443342668Sphilip# ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal 1444342668Sphilip# coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.] 1445342668Sphilip 1446328475SphilipZone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1447331662Sphilip -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT 1448328475Sphilip 0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00 1449342668Sphilip 1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00 1450342668Sphilip 0:00 - GMT 1451328475Sphilip 14522742Swollman# Senegal 1453270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 14542742Swollman 14552742Swollman# Seychelles 1456368822Sphilip 1457368822Sphilip# From P Chan (2020-11-27): 1458368822Sphilip# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01. 1459368822Sphilip# 1460368822Sphilip# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237) 1461368822Sphilip# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571 1462368822Sphilip# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571 1463368822Sphilip# 1464368822Sphilip# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05): 1465368822Sphilip# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689 1466368822Sphilip# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st 1467368822Sphilip# January, 1907." 1468368822Sphilip 1469349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1470368822SphilipZone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1907 Jan 1 # Victoria 1471316349Sbapt 4:00 - +04 147286222Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 147386222Swollman# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 147486222Swollman# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 147586222Swollman# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 147686222Swollman# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 147786222Swollman# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 14782742Swollman 14792742Swollman# Sierra Leone 1480270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 14812742Swollman 14822742Swollman# Somalia 1483274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 14842742Swollman 14852742Swollman# South Africa 1486366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 148730711SwollmanRule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 14882742SwollmanRule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1489349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14902742SwollmanZone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 149130711Swollman 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 149230711Swollman 2:00 SA SAST 1493273718SedwinLink Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho 1494345670SphilipLink Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Eswatini 1495273718Sedwin# 149630711Swollman# Marion and Prince Edward Is 149758787Sru# scientific station since 1947 14982742Swollman# no information 14992742Swollman 15002742Swollman# Sudan 1501325159Sphilip 1502270728Spluknet# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1503270728Spluknet# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1504270728Spluknet# also reported by Micha��l De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 150558787Sru# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 150658787Sru# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 150758787Sru# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1508325159Sphilip 1509325159Sphilip# From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): 1510325159Sphilip# ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) 1511325159Sphilip# to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. 151258787Sru# 1513325159Sphilip# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1514325159Sphilip# A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the 1515325159Sphilip# year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia 1516325159Sphilip# Abdalla of NTC, archived at: 1517325159Sphilip# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html 1518325159Sphilip 1519366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 152019878SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 152114343SwollmanRule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 152219878SwollmanRule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 152319878SwollmanRule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1524349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 15252742SwollmanZone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 152658787Sru 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1527325159Sphilip 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 1528325159Sphilip 2:00 - CAT 15292742Swollman 1530369144Sgit2svn# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-01-18): 1531369144Sgit2svn# "South Sudan will change its time zone by setting the clock back 1 1532369144Sgit2svn# hour on February 1, 2021...." 1533369144Sgit2svn# from https://eyeradio.org/south-sudan-adopts-new-time-zone-makuei/ 1534369144Sgit2svn 1535226289Sedwin# South Sudan 1536349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1537325159SphilipZone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 1538325159Sphilip 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1539369144Sgit2svn 3:00 - EAT 2021 Feb 1 00:00 1540369144Sgit2svn 2:00 - CAT 1541226289Sedwin 15422742Swollman# Tanzania 1543274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 15442742Swollman 15452742Swollman# Togo 1546270728Spluknet# See Africa/Abidjan. 15472742Swollman 15482742Swollman# Tunisia 1549149514Swollman 1550149514Swollman# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1551270728Spluknet# My correspondent, Risto Nyk��nen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1552149514Swollman# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1553149514Swollman# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1554149514Swollman# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1555149514Swollman# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1556149514Swollman# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1557149514Swollman# Saturday." (My translation) 1558149514Swollman# 1559149514Swollman# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1560270728Spluknet# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1561273718Sedwin# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1562149514Swollman# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1563149514Swollman# 1h standard time. 1564158421Swollman# 1565158421Swollman# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1566158421Swollman# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1567158421Swollman# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1568158421Swollman# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1569158421Swollman# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1570149514Swollman 1571190372Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1572190372Sedwin# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1573190372Sedwin# (Arabic) 1574190372Sedwin# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1575325159Sphilip# https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1576190372Sedwin# 1577190372Sedwin# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1578190372Sedwin# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1579325159Sphilip# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1580190372Sedwin 1581190372Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1582190372Sedwin# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1583190372Sedwin# 1584190372Sedwin# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1585190372Sedwin# 1586190372Sedwin# (in English) 1587190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1588190372Sedwin# 1589190372Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1590190372Sedwin# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1591190372Sedwin 1592270728Spluknet# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1593270728Spluknet# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1594270728Spluknet# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1595270728Spluknet# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1596270728Spluknet# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1597270728Spluknet# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1598190372Sedwin 1599206868Sedwin# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1600206868Sedwin# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1601206868Sedwin# 1602206868Sedwin# (translation): 1603206868Sedwin# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1604206868Sedwin# Sunday... 1605206868Sedwin# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1606206868Sedwin# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1607206868Sedwin# 1608206868Sedwin# (in Arabic) 1609206868Sedwin# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1610206868Sedwin# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1611206868Sedwin# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1612206868Sedwin 1613366625Sphilip# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 161419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 16152742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 161619878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 16172742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 161819878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 16192742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 162019878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 16212742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 162219878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 16232742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 162419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 16252742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 16262742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 162719878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 16282742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 162919878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 16302742SwollmanRule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 163119878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 163220094SwollmanRule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 163319878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 163419878SwollmanRule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1635149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1636149514SwollmanRule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1637190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1638190372SedwinRule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1639206868Sedwin 1640366625Sphilip# See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. 1641349598Sphilip# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 16422742SwollmanZone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1643273718Sedwin 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 164419878Swollman 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 16452742Swollman 16462742Swollman# Uganda 1647274559Sedwin# See Africa/Nairobi. 16482742Swollman 16492742Swollman# Zambia 16502742Swollman# Zimbabwe 1651273718Sedwin# See Africa/Maputo. 1652