UPDATING revision 336278
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 1920180714: 20 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 21 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 22 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 23 or higher. 24 2520180504: 26 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 27 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 28 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 29 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 30 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 31 3220180409: 33 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 34 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 35 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 36 37 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 38 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 39 4020180331: 41 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 42 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 43 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 44 or higher. 45 4620180211: 47 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 48 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 49 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 50 5120180210: 52 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 53 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 54 55 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 56 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 57 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 58 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 59 6020180108: 61 lint(1) binaries and library are no longer built by default. To 62 enable building them, define WITH_LINT in src.conf. If you are using 63 a FreeBSD 12 or later system to build 11-stable, you may need to 64 install a lint(1) binary to use WITH_LINT. 65 6620171003: 67 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 68 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 69 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 70 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 71 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 72 7320170926: 74 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 75 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 76 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 77 7820170822: 79 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 80 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322806, 81 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 82 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 83 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 84 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 85 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 86 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 87 forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 88 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 89 to which you should answer yes. 90 9120170518: 92 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 93 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 94 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 95 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 96 9720170529: 98 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 99 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 100 101 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 102 via one of the following methods: 103 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 104 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 105 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 106 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 107 108 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 109 11020170511: 111 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 112 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 113 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 114 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 115 with mmc.ko). 116 11720170414: 118 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 119 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 120 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 121 12220170413: 123 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 124 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 125 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 126 This allows keep state to specified without forcing keep frags 127 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 128 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 129 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 130 13120170402: 132 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 133 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 134 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 135 13620170323: 137 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 138 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 139 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 140 change. 141 14220170319: 143 Many changes in the IPsec code have been merged from the FreeBSD-CURRENT 144 branch. The IPSEC_FILTERTUNNEL kernel option is removed in favour of 145 corresponding sysctl. The IPSEC_NAT_T kernel option is also removed, 146 and now NAT-T is supported by default. Security associations now use 147 the single namespace for SPI allocation, so if you use several manually 148 configured security associations with the same SPI, this configuration 149 needs modification. 150 15120161217: 152 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 153 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 154 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 155 15620161124: 157 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 158 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 159 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 160 16120161119: 162 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 163 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 164 that link against it need to be recompiled. 165 16620161030: 167 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 168 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 169 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 170 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 171 17220161210: 173 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 174 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 175 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 176 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 177 17820160622: 179 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 180 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 181 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 182 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 183 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 184 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 185 kernel. 186 18720160527: 188 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 189 This will effect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 190 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 191 previously contained a line like 192 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 193 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 194 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 195 generally be fine. 196 19720160523: 198 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 199 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 200 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 201 built with the old headers. 202 20320160520: 204 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 205 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 206 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 207 installing a new libc. 208 20920160517: 210 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 211 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 212 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 213 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 214 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 215 packages will be needed. 216 217 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 218 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 219 and the install steps. 220 22120160510: 222 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 223 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 224 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 225 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 226 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 227 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 228 22920160414: 230 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 231 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 232 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 233 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 234 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 235 236 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 237 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 238 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 239 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 240 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 241 242 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 243 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 244 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 245 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 246 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 247 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 248 vendors work. 249 250 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 251 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 252 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 253 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 254 quirks entry to 0x3. 255 25620160330: 257 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 258 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 259 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 260 26120160317: 262 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 263 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 264 26520160311: 266 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 267 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 268 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 269 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 270 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 271 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 272 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 273 stale .depend files. 274 27520160306: 276 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 277 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 278 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 279 rebooting, e.g.: 280 281 make buildworld 282 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 283 make -C sys/boot install 284 <reboot in single user> 285 286 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 287 below. 288 28920160305: 290 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 291 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 292 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 293 29420160301: 295 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 296 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 297 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 298 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 299 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 300 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 301 30220160226: 303 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 304 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 305 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 306 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 307 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 308 30920160129: 310 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 311 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 312 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 313 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 314 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 315 31620160119: 317 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 318 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 319 32020160113: 321 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 322 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 323 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 324 32520151216: 326 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 327 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 328 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 329 other loaders. 330 33120151211: 332 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 333 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 334 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 335 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 336 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 337 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 338 33920151207: 340 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 341 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 342 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 343 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 344 in src.conf(5). 345 34620151130: 347 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 348 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 349 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 350 35120151108: 352 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 353 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 354 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 355 356 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 357 collation results will be different. 358 359 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 360 locales before running make installworld. 361 362 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 363 36420151030: 365 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 366 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 367 36820151020: 369 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 370 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 371 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 372 37320151017: 374 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 375 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 376 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 377 and 'make -N' will not. 378 37920151012: 380 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 381 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 382 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 383 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 384 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 385 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 386 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 387 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 388 38920151011: 390 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 391 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 392 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 393 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 394 39520151006: 396 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 397 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 398 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 399 40020150924: 401 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 402 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 403 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 404 userland debug files. 405 406 When using the supported kernel installation method the 407 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 408 as is done with /boot/kernel. 409 410 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 411 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 412 41320150827: 414 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 415 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 416 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 417 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 418 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 419 rc.d scripts in /etc. 420 42120150827: 422 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 423 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 424 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 425 42620150817: 427 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 428 them, the kernel must have 429 430 device random 431 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 432 433 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 434 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 435 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 436 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 437 438 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 439 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 440 44120150813: 442 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 443 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 444 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 445 44620150810: 447 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 448 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 449 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 450 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 451 452 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 453 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 454 difference with this change. 455 456 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 457 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 458 remove that workaround. 459 46020150809: 461 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 462 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 463 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 464 with: 465 466 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 467 46820150806: 469 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 470 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 471 loader.rc.local instead. 472 47320150805: 474 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 475 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 476 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 477 47820150728: 479 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 480 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 481 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 482 483 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 484 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 485 48620150706: 487 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 488 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 489 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 490 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 491 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 492 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 493 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 494 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 495 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 496 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 497 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 498 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 499 50020150630: 501 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 502 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 503 504 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 505 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 506 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 507 508 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 509 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 510 511 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 512 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 513 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 514 515 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 516 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 517 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 518 and it is assumed you know what you need. 519 520 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 521 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 522 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 523 behaviour from your security subsystems. 524 525 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 526 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 527 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 528 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 529 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 530 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 531 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 532 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 533 will never happen. 534 53520150623: 536 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 537 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717. 538 53920150616: 540 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 541 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 542 54320150615: 544 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 545 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work 546 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 547 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 548 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 549 55020150614: 551 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 552 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 553 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 554 with Kyuafile and kyua. 555 55620150614: 557 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 558 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 559 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 560 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 561 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 562 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 563 2048 bit DH parameter by: 564 565 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 566 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 567 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 568 replace it with '2'. 569 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 570 a file path, create a new file with: 571 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 572 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 573 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 574 5. Restart sendmail: 575 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 576 577 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 578 updated. 579 58020150604: 581 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 582 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 583 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 584 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 585 5.x. 586 587 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 588 58920150525: 590 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 591 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 592 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 593 59420150521: 595 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 596 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 597 and Pandaboard: 598 599 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 600 same but content is different now 601 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 602 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 603 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 604 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 605 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 606 60720150501: 608 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 609 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 610 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 611 61220150423: 613 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 614 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 615 61620150415: 617 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 618 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 619 62020150416: 621 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 622 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 623 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 624 62520150324: 626 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 627 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 628 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 629 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 630 63120150315: 632 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 633 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 634 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 635 63620150307: 637 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 638 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 639 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 640 kernel before rebooting. 641 64220150217: 643 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 644 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 645 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 646 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 647 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 648 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 649 65020150210: 651 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 652 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 653 with the new kernel. 654 65520150131: 656 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 657 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 658 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 659 66020150118: 661 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 662 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 663 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 664 are not already using 3.5.0. 665 66620150107: 667 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 668 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 669 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 670 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 671 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 672 67320150105: 674 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 675 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 676 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 677 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 678 67920150102: 680 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 681 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 682 68320141231: 684 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 685 686 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 687 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 688 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 689 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 690 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 691 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 692 later. 693 694 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 695 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 696 of the box. 697 698 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 699 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 700 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 701 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 702 703 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 704 the instructions for 9.x above. 705 706 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 707 default, and do not build clang. 708 709 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 710 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 711 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 712 713 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 714 the following are most likely to appear: 715 716 -Wabsolute-value 717 718 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 719 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 720 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 721 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 722 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 723 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 724 cast, or disable the warning. 725 726 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 727 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 728 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 729 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 730 side-effects. 731 732 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 733 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 734 735 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 736 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 737 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 738 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 739 740 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 741 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 742 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 743 unreachable could be optimized away. 744 74520141222: 746 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 747 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 748 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 749 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 750 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 751 the utilities will report errors. 752 75320141121: 754 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 755 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 756 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 757 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 758 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 759 LOCAL_DIRS. 760 76120141109: 762 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 763 has been obsolete for a very long time. 764 76520141104: 766 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 767 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 768 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 769 drivers. 770 771 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 772 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 773 indicate what you need to do. 774 775 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 776 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 777 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 778 779 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 780 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 781 kern.vty=sc 782 78320141102: 784 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 785 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 786 execute it. 787 78820141009: 789 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 790 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 791 devel/gperf port. 792 79320140923: 794 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 795 contrib/pjdfstest . 796 79720140922: 798 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 799 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 800 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 801 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 802 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 803 their next update cycle. 804 80520140729: 806 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 807 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 808 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 809 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 810 1.12.4_8 or newer. 811 81220140723: 813 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 814 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 815 81620140719: 817 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 818 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 819 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 820 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 821 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 822 new configuration. 823 82420140709: 825 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 826 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 827 them again. 828 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 829 83020140708: 831 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 832 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 833 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 834 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 835 requires readline. 836 83720140702: 838 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 839 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 840 architecture. 841 84220140701: 843 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 844 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 845 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 846 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 847 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 848 84920140629: 850 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 851 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 852 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 853 85420140619: 855 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 856 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 857 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 858 85920140606: 860 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 861 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 862 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 863 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 864 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 865 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 866 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 867 "make installworld". 868 869 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 870 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 871 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 872 is run. 873 874 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 875 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 876 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 877 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 878 be removed during a clean upgrade. 879 88020140512: 881 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 882 88320140508: 884 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 885 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 886 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 887 88820140505: 889 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 890 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 891 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 892 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 893 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 894 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 895 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 896 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 897 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 898 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 899 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 900 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 901 902 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 903 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 904 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 905 as well. 906 90720140430: 908 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 909 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 910 91120140424: 912 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 913 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 914 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 915 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 916 build hosts for older releases. 917 918 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 919 r276991, respectively. 920 92120140418: 922 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 923 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 924 will silently lack HESIOD. 925 92620140405: 927 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 928 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 929 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 930 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 931 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 932 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 933 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 934 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 935 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 936 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 937 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 938 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 939 94020140306: 941 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 942 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 943 with command line option -W. 944 94520140226: 946 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 947 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 948 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 949 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 950 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 951 95220140216: 953 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 954 95520140216: 956 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 957 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 958 95920140212: 960 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 961 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 962 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 963 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 964 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 965 96620140204: 967 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 968 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 969 kernel is still highly recommended. 970 97120140131: 972 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 973 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 974 capability mode support in kernel. 975 97620140128: 977 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 978 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 979 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 980 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 981 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 982 98320140110: 984 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 985 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 986 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 987 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 988 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 989 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 990 99120131213: 992 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 993 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 994 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 995 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 996 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 997 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 998 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 999 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1000 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1001 100220131108: 1003 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1004 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1005 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1006 should change your settings to use the latter. 1007 100820131025: 1009 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1010 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1011 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1012 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1013 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1014 101520131014: 1016 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1017 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1018 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1019 delete-old-libs": 1020 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1021 or 1022 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1023 102420131010: 1025 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1026 revision r256279. 1027 102820131010: 1029 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 1030 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 1031 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 1032 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 1033 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 1034 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 1035 1036 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 1037 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 1038 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 1039 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 1040 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 1041 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 1042 1043 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 1044 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 1045 with an integer. 1046 104720130930: 1048 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 1049 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 1050 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 1051 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 1052 1053 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 1054 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 1055 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 1056 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 1057 105820130916: 1059 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 1060 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1061 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1062 106320130911: 1064 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 1065 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 1066 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 1067 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 1068 106920130906: 1070 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 1071 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 1072 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 1073 options in src.conf. 1074 107520130905: 1076 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 1077 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 1078 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 1079 'options PROCDESC'. 1080 108120130905: 1082 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 1083 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 1084 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 1085 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 1086 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 1087 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 1088 108920130903: 1090 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 1091 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 1092 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 1093 109420130821: 1095 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 1096 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 1097 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 1098 109920130813: 1100 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 1101 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 1102 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 1103 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 1104 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 1105 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 1106 110720130806: 1108 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 1109 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 1110 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 1111 explicitly. 1112 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 1113 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 1114 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 1115 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 1116 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 1117 111820130806: 1119 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 1120 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 1121 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 1122 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 1123 to r253970 or later. 1124 112520130802: 1126 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 1127 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 1128 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 1129 would result: 1130 1131 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 1132 1133 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 1134 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 1135 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 1136 old as well as the new version of find. 1137 113820130726: 1139 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 1140 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 1141 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 1142 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 1143 subdirectories must be reviewed. 1144 114520130716: 1146 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 1147 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 1148 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1149 1150 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 1151 1152 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 1153 users are advised to upgrade. 1154 115520130709: 1156 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 1157 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 1158 115920130709: 1160 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 1161 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 1162 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 1163 116420130618: 1165 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 1166 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 1167 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 1168 write access to that file. 1169 117020130615: 1171 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 1172 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 1173 117420130613: 1175 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 1176 1177 make: illegal option -- J 1178 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 1179 ... 1180 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 1181 1182 this likely due to an old instance of make in 1183 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 1184 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 1185 you see the above error: 1186 1187 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 1188 1189 should resolve it. 1190 119120130516: 1192 Use bmake by default. 1193 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 1194 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 1195 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 1196 1197 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 1198 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 1199 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 1200 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 1201 behavior in parallel build. 1202 120320130429: 1204 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 1205 120620130426: 1207 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 1208 the IDEA patent expired. 1209 121020130426: 1211 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 1212 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 1213 enabled by default. 1214 121520130425: 1216 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 1217 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 1218 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 1219 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 1220 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 1221 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 1222 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 1223 && make install). 1224 122520130404: 1226 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 1227 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 1228 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 1229 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 1230 and removed. 1231 123220130319: 1233 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 1234 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 1235 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 1236 binaries will not work on older kernels. 1237 123820130308: 1239 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 1240 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 1241 124220130304: 1243 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 1244 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 1245 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 1246 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 1247 is requested. 1248 1249 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 1250 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 1251 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 1252 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 1253 in /boot/loader.conf. 1254 125520130301: 1256 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 1257 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 1258 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 1259 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 1260 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 1261 126220130208: 1263 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 1264 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 1265 1266 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1267 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1268 126920130129: 1270 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 1271 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 1272 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 1273 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 1274 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 1275 127620130121: 1277 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 1278 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 1279 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 1280 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 1281 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 1282 /etc/src.conf. 1283 128420130118: 1285 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 1286 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 1287 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 1288 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 1289 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 1290 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 1291 use is expected to be extremely rare. 1292 129320121223: 1294 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 1295 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 1296 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 1297 129820121222: 1299 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 1300 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 1301 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 1302 be updated. 1303 130420121217: 1305 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 1306 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 1307 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 1308 1309 savecore_flags="" 1310 131120121201: 1312 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 1313 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1314 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1315 131620121117: 1317 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 1318 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 1319 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 1320 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 1321 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 1322 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 1323 132420121105: 1325 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 1326 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 1327 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 1328 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 1329 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 1330 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 1331 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 1332 branch point). 1333 133420121102: 1335 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 1336 functionality now turned on by default. 1337 133820121023: 1339 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 1340 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 1341 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 1342 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 1343 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 1344 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 1345 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 1346 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 1347 of the two kernel options. 1348 134920121023: 1350 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 1351 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 1352 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 1353 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 1354 135520121022: 1356 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 1357 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 1358 recompiled. 1359 136020121018: 1361 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 1362 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 1363 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 1364 136520121016: 1366 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 1367 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 1368 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 1369 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 1370 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 1371 137220121015: 1373 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 1374 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 1375 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 1376 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 1377 137820121014: 1379 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 1380 138120121013: 1382 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 1383 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 1384 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 1385 knob has also gone. 1386 138720121006: 1388 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 1389 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 1390 with new kernel. 1391 139220121001: 1393 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 1394 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 1395 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 1396 139720120913: 1398 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 1399 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 1400 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 1401 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 1402 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 1403 configurations. 1404 140520120908: 1406 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 1407 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 1408 140920120828: 1410 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 1411 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 1412 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 1413 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 1414 manual page. 1415 141620120727: 1417 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 1418 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 1419 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 1420 142120120712: 1422 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 1423 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 1424 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 1425 142620120712: 1427 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 1428 with other variables: 1429 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 1430 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 1431 143220120628: 1433 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 1434 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 1435 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 1436 installed as "bsdsort". 1437 143820120611: 1439 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 1440 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 1441 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 1442 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 1443 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 1444 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 1445 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 1446 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1447 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1448 144920120417: 1450 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 1451 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 1452 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 1453 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 1454 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 1455 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 1456 NAMESPACE section). 1457 145820120328: 1459 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 1460 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 1461 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 1462 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 1463 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 1464 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 1465 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 1466 146720120306: 1468 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 1469 platforms. 1470 147120120229: 1472 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 1473 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 1474 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 1475 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 1476 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 1477 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 1478 147920120211: 1480 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 1481 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 1482 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 1483 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 1484 comes from 20111215. 1485 148620120114: 1487 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 1488 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 1489 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 1490 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 1491 1492 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 1493 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 1494 149520120109: 1496 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 1497 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 1498 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 1499 tunable/sysctl. 1500 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 1501 150220111215: 1503 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 1504 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 1505 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 1506 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 1507 not supported anymore. 1508 1509 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 1510 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 1511 need to be recompiled. 1512 151320111122: 1514 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 1515 /dev/wmistat0. 1516 151720111108: 1518 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 1519 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 1520 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 1521 time. 1522 152320111101: 1524 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 1525 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 1526 152720110930: 1528 sysinstall has been removed 1529 153020110923: 1531 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1532 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 1533 1534COMMON ITEMS: 1535 1536 General Notes 1537 ------------- 1538 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1539 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1540 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1541 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1542 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1543 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1544 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1545 1546 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1547 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1548 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1549 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1550 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1551 1552 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1553 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1554 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1555 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1556 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1557 1558 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1559 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1560 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1561 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1562 1563 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1564 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1565 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1566 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1567 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1568 should write them with this in mind. 1569 1570 ZFS notes 1571 --------- 1572 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1573 these two steps: 1574 1575 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1576 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1577 1578 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1579 1580 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1581 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1582 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1583 1584 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1585 1586 To build a kernel 1587 ----------------- 1588 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1589 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1590 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1591 1592 make kernel-toolchain 1593 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1594 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1595 1596 To test a kernel once 1597 --------------------- 1598 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1599 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1600 debugging information) run 1601 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1602 nextboot -k testkernel 1603 1604 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1605 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1606 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1607 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1608 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1609 1610 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1611 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1612 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1613 make depend 1614 make 1615 make install 1616 1617 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1618 1619 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1620 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1621 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1622 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1623 1624 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1625 make buildworld 1626 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1627 [1] 1628 <reboot in single user> [3] 1629 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1630 make installworld 1631 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1632 make delete-old [6] 1633 <reboot> 1634 1635 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1636 -------------------------------------------------- 1637 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1638 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1639 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1640 # size. 1641 1642 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1643 <boot into -stable> 1644 make buildworld 1645 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1646 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1647 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1648 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1649 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1650 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1651 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1652 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1653 <reboot into current> 1654 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1655 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1656 <reboot> 1657 1658 1659 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1660 ---------------------------------------------- 1661 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1662 make buildworld [9] 1663 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1664 [1] 1665 <reboot in single user> [3] 1666 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1667 make installworld 1668 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1669 make delete-old [6] 1670 <reboot> 1671 1672 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1673 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1674 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1675 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1676 the UPDATING entries. 1677 1678 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1679 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1680 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1681 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1682 much fewer pitfalls. 1683 1684 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1685 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1686 system on reboot. 1687 1688 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1689 fsck -p 1690 mount -u / 1691 mount -a 1692 cd src 1693 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1694 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1695 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1696 1697 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1698 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1699 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1700 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1701 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1702 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1703 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1704 1705 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1706 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1707 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1708 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1709 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1710 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1711 1712 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1713 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1714 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1715 1716 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1717 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1718 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1719 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1720 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1721 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1722 1723 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1724 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1725 1726 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1727 cvs prune empty directories. 1728 1729 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1730 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1731 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1732 1733 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1734 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1735 warn if it is improperly defined. 1736FORMAT: 1737 1738This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1739breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1740list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1741If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1742to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1743 1744Copyright information: 1745 1746Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1747 1748Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1749modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1750document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1751 1752THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1753IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1754WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1755DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1756INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1757(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1758SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1759HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1760STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1761IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1762POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1763 1764Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1765this document. 1766 1767$FreeBSD: stable/11/UPDATING 336278 2018-07-14 14:20:30Z dim $ 1768