UPDATING revision 332318
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/updating-src.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 1920180409: 20 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 21 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 22 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 23 24 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 25 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 26 2720180331: 28 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 29 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 30 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 31 or higher. 32 3320180211: 34 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 35 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 36 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 37 3820180210: 39 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 40 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 41 42 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 43 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 44 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 45 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 46 4720180108: 48 lint(1) binaries and library are no longer built by default. To 49 enable building them, define WITH_LINT in src.conf. If you are using 50 a FreeBSD 12 or later system to build 11-stable, you may need to 51 install a lint(1) binary to use WITH_LINT. 52 5320171003: 54 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 55 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 56 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 57 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 58 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 59 6020170926: 61 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 62 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 63 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 64 6520170822: 66 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 67 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322806, 68 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 69 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 70 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 71 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 72 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 73 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 74 forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 75 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 76 to which you should answer yes. 77 7820170518: 79 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 80 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 81 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 82 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 83 8420170529: 85 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 86 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 87 88 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 89 via one of the following methods: 90 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 91 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 92 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 93 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 94 95 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 96 9720170511: 98 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 99 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 100 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 101 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 102 with mmc.ko). 103 10420170414: 105 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 106 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 107 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 108 10920170413: 110 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 111 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 112 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 113 This allows keep state to specified without forcing keep frags 114 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 115 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 116 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 117 11820170402: 119 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 120 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 121 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 122 12320170323: 124 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 125 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 126 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 127 change. 128 12920170319: 130 Many changes in the IPsec code have been merged from the FreeBSD-CURRENT 131 branch. The IPSEC_FILTERTUNNEL kernel option is removed in favour of 132 corresponding sysctl. The IPSEC_NAT_T kernel option is also removed, 133 and now NAT-T is supported by default. Security associations now use 134 the single namespace for SPI allocation, so if you use several manually 135 configured security associations with the same SPI, this configuration 136 needs modification. 137 13820161217: 139 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 140 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 141 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 142 14320161124: 144 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 145 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 146 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 147 14820161119: 149 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 150 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 151 that link against it need to be recompiled. 152 15320161030: 154 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 155 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 156 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 157 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 158 15920161210: 160 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 161 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 162 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 163 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 164 16520160622: 166 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 167 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 168 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 169 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 170 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 171 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 172 kernel. 173 17420160527: 175 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 176 This will effect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 177 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 178 previously contained a line like 179 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 180 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 181 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 182 generally be fine. 183 18420160523: 185 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 186 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 187 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 188 built with the old headers. 189 19020160520: 191 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 192 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 193 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 194 installing a new libc. 195 19620160517: 197 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 198 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 199 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 200 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 201 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 202 packages will be needed. 203 204 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 205 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 206 and the install steps. 207 20820160510: 209 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 210 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 211 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 212 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 213 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 214 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 215 21620160414: 217 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 218 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 219 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 220 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 221 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 222 223 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 224 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 225 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 226 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 227 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 228 229 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 230 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 231 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 232 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 233 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 234 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 235 vendors work. 236 237 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 238 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 239 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 240 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 241 quirks entry to 0x3. 242 24320160330: 244 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 245 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 246 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 247 24820160317: 249 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 250 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 251 25220160311: 253 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 254 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 255 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 256 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 257 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 258 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 259 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 260 stale .depend files. 261 26220160306: 263 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 264 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 265 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 266 rebooting, e.g.: 267 268 make buildworld 269 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 270 make -C sys/boot install 271 <reboot in single user> 272 273 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 274 below. 275 27620160305: 277 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 278 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 279 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 280 28120160301: 282 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 283 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 284 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 285 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 286 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 287 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 288 28920160226: 290 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 291 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 292 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 293 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 294 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 295 29620160129: 297 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 298 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 299 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 300 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 301 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 302 30320160119: 304 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 305 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 306 30720160113: 308 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 309 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 310 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 311 31220151216: 313 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 314 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 315 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 316 other loaders. 317 31820151211: 319 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 320 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 321 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 322 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 323 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 324 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 325 32620151207: 327 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 328 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 329 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 330 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 331 in src.conf(5). 332 33320151130: 334 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 335 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 336 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 337 33820151108: 339 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 340 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 341 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 342 343 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 344 collation results will be different. 345 346 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 347 locales before running make installworld. 348 349 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 350 35120151030: 352 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 353 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 354 35520151020: 356 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 357 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 358 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 359 36020151017: 361 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 362 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 363 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 364 and 'make -N' will not. 365 36620151012: 367 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 368 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 369 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 370 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 371 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 372 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 373 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 374 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 375 37620151011: 377 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 378 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 379 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 380 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 381 38220151006: 383 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 384 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 385 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 386 38720150924: 388 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 389 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 390 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 391 userland debug files. 392 393 When using the supported kernel installation method the 394 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 395 as is done with /boot/kernel. 396 397 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 398 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 399 40020150827: 401 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 402 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 403 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 404 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 405 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 406 rc.d scripts in /etc. 407 40820150827: 409 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 410 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 411 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 412 41320150817: 414 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 415 them, the kernel must have 416 417 device random 418 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 419 420 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 421 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 422 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 423 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 424 425 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 426 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 427 42820150813: 429 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 430 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 431 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 432 43320150810: 434 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 435 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 436 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 437 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 438 439 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 440 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 441 difference with this change. 442 443 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 444 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 445 remove that workaround. 446 44720150809: 448 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 449 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 450 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 451 with: 452 453 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 454 45520150806: 456 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 457 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 458 loader.rc.local instead. 459 46020150805: 461 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 462 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 463 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 464 46520150728: 466 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 467 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 468 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 469 470 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 471 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 472 47320150706: 474 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 475 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 476 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 477 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 478 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 479 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 480 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 481 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 482 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 483 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 484 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 485 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 486 48720150630: 488 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 489 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 490 491 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 492 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 493 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 494 495 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 496 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 497 498 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 499 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 500 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 501 502 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 503 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 504 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 505 and it is assumed you know what you need. 506 507 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 508 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 509 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 510 behaviour from your security subsystems. 511 512 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 513 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 514 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 515 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 516 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 517 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 518 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 519 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 520 will never happen. 521 52220150623: 523 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 524 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717. 525 52620150616: 527 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 528 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 529 53020150615: 531 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 532 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work 533 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 534 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 535 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 536 53720150614: 538 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 539 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 540 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 541 with Kyuafile and kyua. 542 54320150614: 544 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 545 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 546 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 547 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 548 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 549 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 550 2048 bit DH parameter by: 551 552 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 553 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 554 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 555 replace it with '2'. 556 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 557 a file path, create a new file with: 558 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 559 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 560 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 561 5. Restart sendmail: 562 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 563 564 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 565 updated. 566 56720150604: 568 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 569 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 570 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 571 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 572 5.x. 573 574 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 575 57620150525: 577 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 578 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 579 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 580 58120150521: 582 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 583 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 584 and Pandaboard: 585 586 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 587 same but content is different now 588 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 589 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 590 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 591 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 592 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 593 59420150501: 595 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 596 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 597 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 598 59920150423: 600 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 601 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 602 60320150415: 604 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 605 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 606 60720150416: 608 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 609 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 610 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 611 61220150324: 613 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 614 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 615 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 616 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 617 61820150315: 619 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 620 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 621 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 622 62320150307: 624 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 625 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 626 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 627 kernel before rebooting. 628 62920150217: 630 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 631 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 632 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 633 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 634 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 635 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 636 63720150210: 638 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 639 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 640 with the new kernel. 641 64220150131: 643 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 644 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 645 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 646 64720150118: 648 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 649 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 650 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 651 are not already using 3.5.0. 652 65320150107: 654 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 655 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 656 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 657 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 658 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 659 66020150105: 661 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 662 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 663 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 664 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 665 66620150102: 667 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 668 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 669 67020141231: 671 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 672 673 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 674 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 675 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 676 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 677 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 678 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 679 later. 680 681 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 682 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 683 of the box. 684 685 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 686 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 687 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 688 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 689 690 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 691 the instructions for 9.x above. 692 693 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 694 default, and do not build clang. 695 696 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 697 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 698 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 699 700 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 701 the following are most likely to appear: 702 703 -Wabsolute-value 704 705 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 706 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 707 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 708 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 709 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 710 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 711 cast, or disable the warning. 712 713 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 714 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 715 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 716 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 717 side-effects. 718 719 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 720 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 721 722 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 723 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 724 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 725 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 726 727 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 728 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 729 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 730 unreachable could be optimized away. 731 73220141222: 733 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 734 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 735 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 736 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 737 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 738 the utilities will report errors. 739 74020141121: 741 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 742 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 743 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 744 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 745 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 746 LOCAL_DIRS. 747 74820141109: 749 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 750 has been obsolete for a very long time. 751 75220141104: 753 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 754 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 755 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 756 drivers. 757 758 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 759 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 760 indicate what you need to do. 761 762 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 763 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 764 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 765 766 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 767 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 768 kern.vty=sc 769 77020141102: 771 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 772 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 773 execute it. 774 77520141009: 776 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 777 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 778 devel/gperf port. 779 78020140923: 781 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 782 contrib/pjdfstest . 783 78420140922: 785 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 786 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 787 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 788 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 789 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 790 their next update cycle. 791 79220140729: 793 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 794 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 795 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 796 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 797 1.12.4_8 or newer. 798 79920140723: 800 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 801 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 802 80320140719: 804 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 805 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 806 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 807 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 808 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 809 new configuration. 810 81120140709: 812 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 813 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 814 them again. 815 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 816 81720140708: 818 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 819 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 820 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 821 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 822 requires readline. 823 82420140702: 825 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 826 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 827 architecture. 828 82920140701: 830 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 831 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 832 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 833 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 834 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 835 83620140629: 837 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 838 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 839 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 840 84120140619: 842 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 843 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 844 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 845 84620140606: 847 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 848 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 849 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 850 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 851 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 852 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 853 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 854 "make installworld". 855 856 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 857 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 858 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 859 is run. 860 861 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 862 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 863 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 864 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 865 be removed during a clean upgrade. 866 86720140512: 868 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 869 87020140508: 871 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 872 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 873 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 874 87520140505: 876 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 877 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 878 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 879 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 880 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 881 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 882 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 883 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 884 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 885 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 886 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 887 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 888 889 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 890 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 891 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 892 as well. 893 89420140430: 895 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 896 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 897 89820140424: 899 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 900 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 901 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 902 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 903 build hosts for older releases. 904 905 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 906 r276991, respectively. 907 90820140418: 909 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 910 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 911 will silently lack HESIOD. 912 91320140405: 914 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 915 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 916 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 917 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 918 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 919 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 920 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 921 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 922 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 923 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 924 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 925 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 926 92720140306: 928 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 929 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 930 with command line option -W. 931 93220140226: 933 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 934 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 935 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 936 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 937 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 938 93920140216: 940 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 941 94220140216: 943 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 944 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 945 94620140212: 947 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 948 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 949 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 950 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 951 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 952 95320140204: 954 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 955 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 956 kernel is still highly recommended. 957 95820140131: 959 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 960 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 961 capability mode support in kernel. 962 96320140128: 964 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 965 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 966 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 967 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 968 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 969 97020140110: 971 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 972 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 973 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 974 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 975 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 976 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 977 97820131213: 979 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 980 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 981 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 982 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 983 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 984 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 985 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 986 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 987 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 988 98920131108: 990 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 991 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 992 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 993 should change your settings to use the latter. 994 99520131025: 996 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 997 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 998 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 999 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1000 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1001 100220131014: 1003 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1004 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1005 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1006 delete-old-libs": 1007 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1008 or 1009 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1010 101120131010: 1012 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1013 revision r256279. 1014 101520131010: 1016 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 1017 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 1018 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 1019 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 1020 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 1021 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 1022 1023 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 1024 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 1025 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 1026 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 1027 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 1028 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 1029 1030 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 1031 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 1032 with an integer. 1033 103420130930: 1035 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 1036 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 1037 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 1038 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 1039 1040 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 1041 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 1042 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 1043 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 1044 104520130916: 1046 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 1047 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1048 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1049 105020130911: 1051 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 1052 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 1053 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 1054 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 1055 105620130906: 1057 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 1058 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 1059 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 1060 options in src.conf. 1061 106220130905: 1063 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 1064 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 1065 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 1066 'options PROCDESC'. 1067 106820130905: 1069 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 1070 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 1071 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 1072 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 1073 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 1074 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 1075 107620130903: 1077 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 1078 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 1079 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 1080 108120130821: 1082 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 1083 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 1084 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 1085 108620130813: 1087 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 1088 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 1089 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 1090 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 1091 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 1092 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 1093 109420130806: 1095 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 1096 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 1097 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 1098 explicitly. 1099 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 1100 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 1101 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 1102 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 1103 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 1104 110520130806: 1106 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 1107 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 1108 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 1109 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 1110 to r253970 or later. 1111 111220130802: 1113 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 1114 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 1115 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 1116 would result: 1117 1118 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 1119 1120 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 1121 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 1122 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 1123 old as well as the new version of find. 1124 112520130726: 1126 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 1127 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 1128 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 1129 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 1130 subdirectories must be reviewed. 1131 113220130716: 1133 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 1134 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 1135 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1136 1137 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 1138 1139 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 1140 users are advised to upgrade. 1141 114220130709: 1143 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 1144 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 1145 114620130709: 1147 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 1148 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 1149 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 1150 115120130618: 1152 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 1153 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 1154 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 1155 write access to that file. 1156 115720130615: 1158 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 1159 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 1160 116120130613: 1162 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 1163 1164 make: illegal option -- J 1165 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 1166 ... 1167 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 1168 1169 this likely due to an old instance of make in 1170 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 1171 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 1172 you see the above error: 1173 1174 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 1175 1176 should resolve it. 1177 117820130516: 1179 Use bmake by default. 1180 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 1181 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 1182 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 1183 1184 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 1185 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 1186 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 1187 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 1188 behavior in parallel build. 1189 119020130429: 1191 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 1192 119320130426: 1194 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 1195 the IDEA patent expired. 1196 119720130426: 1198 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 1199 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 1200 enabled by default. 1201 120220130425: 1203 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 1204 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 1205 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 1206 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 1207 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 1208 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 1209 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 1210 && make install). 1211 121220130404: 1213 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 1214 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 1215 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 1216 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 1217 and removed. 1218 121920130319: 1220 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 1221 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 1222 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 1223 binaries will not work on older kernels. 1224 122520130308: 1226 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 1227 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 1228 122920130304: 1230 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 1231 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 1232 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 1233 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 1234 is requested. 1235 1236 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 1237 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 1238 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 1239 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 1240 in /boot/loader.conf. 1241 124220130301: 1243 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 1244 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 1245 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 1246 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 1247 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 1248 124920130208: 1250 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 1251 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 1252 1253 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1254 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1255 125620130129: 1257 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 1258 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 1259 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 1260 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 1261 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 1262 126320130121: 1264 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 1265 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 1266 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 1267 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 1268 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 1269 /etc/src.conf. 1270 127120130118: 1272 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 1273 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 1274 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 1275 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 1276 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 1277 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 1278 use is expected to be extremely rare. 1279 128020121223: 1281 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 1282 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 1283 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 1284 128520121222: 1286 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 1287 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 1288 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 1289 be updated. 1290 129120121217: 1292 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 1293 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 1294 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 1295 1296 savecore_flags="" 1297 129820121201: 1299 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 1300 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1301 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1302 130320121117: 1304 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 1305 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 1306 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 1307 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 1308 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 1309 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 1310 131120121105: 1312 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 1313 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 1314 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 1315 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 1316 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 1317 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 1318 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 1319 branch point). 1320 132120121102: 1322 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 1323 functionality now turned on by default. 1324 132520121023: 1326 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 1327 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 1328 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 1329 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 1330 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 1331 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 1332 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 1333 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 1334 of the two kernel options. 1335 133620121023: 1337 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 1338 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 1339 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 1340 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 1341 134220121022: 1343 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 1344 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 1345 recompiled. 1346 134720121018: 1348 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 1349 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 1350 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 1351 135220121016: 1353 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 1354 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 1355 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 1356 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 1357 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 1358 135920121015: 1360 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 1361 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 1362 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 1363 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 1364 136520121014: 1366 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 1367 136820121013: 1369 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 1370 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 1371 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 1372 knob has also gone. 1373 137420121006: 1375 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 1376 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 1377 with new kernel. 1378 137920121001: 1380 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 1381 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 1382 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 1383 138420120913: 1385 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 1386 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 1387 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 1388 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 1389 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 1390 configurations. 1391 139220120908: 1393 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 1394 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 1395 139620120828: 1397 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 1398 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 1399 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 1400 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 1401 manual page. 1402 140320120727: 1404 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 1405 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 1406 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 1407 140820120712: 1409 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 1410 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 1411 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 1412 141320120712: 1414 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 1415 with other variables: 1416 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 1417 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 1418 141920120628: 1420 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 1421 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 1422 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 1423 installed as "bsdsort". 1424 142520120611: 1426 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 1427 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 1428 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 1429 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 1430 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 1431 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 1432 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 1433 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1434 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1435 143620120417: 1437 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 1438 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 1439 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 1440 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 1441 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 1442 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 1443 NAMESPACE section). 1444 144520120328: 1446 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 1447 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 1448 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 1449 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 1450 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 1451 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 1452 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 1453 145420120306: 1455 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 1456 platforms. 1457 145820120229: 1459 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 1460 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 1461 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 1462 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 1463 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 1464 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 1465 146620120211: 1467 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 1468 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 1469 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 1470 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 1471 comes from 20111215. 1472 147320120114: 1474 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 1475 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 1476 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 1477 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 1478 1479 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 1480 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 1481 148220120109: 1483 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 1484 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 1485 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 1486 tunable/sysctl. 1487 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 1488 148920111215: 1490 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 1491 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 1492 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 1493 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 1494 not supported anymore. 1495 1496 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 1497 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 1498 need to be recompiled. 1499 150020111122: 1501 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 1502 /dev/wmistat0. 1503 150420111108: 1505 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 1506 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 1507 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 1508 time. 1509 151020111101: 1511 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 1512 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 1513 151420110930: 1515 sysinstall has been removed 1516 151720110923: 1518 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1519 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 1520 1521COMMON ITEMS: 1522 1523 General Notes 1524 ------------- 1525 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1526 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1527 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1528 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1529 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1530 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1531 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1532 1533 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1534 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1535 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1536 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1537 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1538 1539 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1540 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1541 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1542 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1543 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1544 1545 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1546 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1547 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1548 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1549 1550 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1551 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1552 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1553 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1554 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1555 should write them with this in mind. 1556 1557 ZFS notes 1558 --------- 1559 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1560 these two steps: 1561 1562 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1563 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1564 1565 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1566 1567 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1568 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1569 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1570 1571 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1572 1573 To build a kernel 1574 ----------------- 1575 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1576 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1577 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1578 1579 make kernel-toolchain 1580 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1581 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1582 1583 To test a kernel once 1584 --------------------- 1585 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1586 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1587 debugging information) run 1588 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1589 nextboot -k testkernel 1590 1591 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1592 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1593 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1594 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1595 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1596 1597 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1598 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1599 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1600 make depend 1601 make 1602 make install 1603 1604 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1605 1606 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1607 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1608 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1609 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1610 1611 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1612 make buildworld 1613 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1614 [1] 1615 <reboot in single user> [3] 1616 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1617 make installworld 1618 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1619 make delete-old [6] 1620 <reboot> 1621 1622 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1623 -------------------------------------------------- 1624 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1625 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1626 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1627 # size. 1628 1629 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1630 <boot into -stable> 1631 make buildworld 1632 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1633 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1634 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1635 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1636 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1637 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1638 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1639 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1640 <reboot into current> 1641 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1642 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1643 <reboot> 1644 1645 1646 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1647 ---------------------------------------------- 1648 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1649 make buildworld [9] 1650 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1651 [1] 1652 <reboot in single user> [3] 1653 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1654 make installworld 1655 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1656 make delete-old [6] 1657 <reboot> 1658 1659 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1660 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1661 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1662 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1663 the UPDATING entries. 1664 1665 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1666 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1667 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1668 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1669 much fewer pitfalls. 1670 1671 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1672 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1673 system on reboot. 1674 1675 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1676 fsck -p 1677 mount -u / 1678 mount -a 1679 cd src 1680 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1681 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1682 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1683 1684 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1685 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1686 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1687 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1688 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1689 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1690 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1691 1692 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1693 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1694 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1695 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1696 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1697 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1698 1699 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1700 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1701 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1702 1703 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1704 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1705 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1706 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1707 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1708 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1709 1710 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1711 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1712 1713 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1714 cvs prune empty directories. 1715 1716 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1717 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1718 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1719 1720 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1721 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1722 warn if it is improperly defined. 1723FORMAT: 1724 1725This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1726breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1727list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1728If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1729to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1730 1731Copyright information: 1732 1733Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1734 1735Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1736modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1737document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1738 1739THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1740IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1741WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1742DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1743INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1744(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1745SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1746HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1747STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1748IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1749POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1750 1751Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1752this document. 1753 1754$FreeBSD: stable/11/UPDATING 332318 2018-04-09 08:25:29Z smh $ 1755