calendar.history revision 23006
1/* 2 * History 3 * 4 * $Id$ 5 */ 6 7#ifndef _calendar_history_ 8#define _calendar_history_ 9 1001/01 Anniversary of the Triumph of the Revolution in Cuba 1101/01 Castro expels Cuban President Batista, 1959 1201/01 Churchill delivers his "Iron Curtain" speech, 1947 1301/01 First Rose Bowl; Michigan 49 - Stanford 0, 1902 1401/04 Quadrantid meteor shower (look north) 1501/05 -50 degrees F, Strawberry UT, 1913 1601/05 Fellowship enters Moria (LOTR) 1701/05 The FCC hears the first demonstration of FM radio, 1940 1801/05 Twelfth night 1901/06 Millard Fillmore's birthday (let's party!) 2001/08 Battle of New Orleans 2101/09 Fellowship reaches Lorien (LOTR) 2201/09 Plough Monday 2301/10 First meeting of United Nations General Assembly in London, 1946 2401/10 Thomas Paine's Common Sense published, 1776 2501/11 Anniversary of the Peoples Republic of Albania 2601/11 De Hostos' Birthday in Puerto Rico 2701/11 Milk delivered in bottles for first time, 1878 2801/11 Prithvi Jayanti in Nepal 2901/11 Surgeon General condemned cigarettes, 1964 3001/11 The Whiskey-A-Go-Go opens on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles, 1963 3101/14 The first "Be-In" is held in Golden Gate Park, 1967 3201/16 Prohibition begins, 1920 3301/17 Passing of Gandalf (LOTR) 3401/18 Grey whale migration, California 3501/20 St. Agnes Eve (Ah, bitter chill it was...) 3601/24 Eskimo Pie patented by Christian Nelson, 1922 3701/24 Gold discovered in California at Sutter's Mill, 1848 3801/26 Sydney Aust. settled, 1788 3901/27 Grissom, White and Chaffe burned to death in Apollo 1, 1967 4001/27 Vietnam War cease-fire signed, 1973 4101/28 First ski tow, Woodstock VT, 1914 4201/28 Space Shuttle Challenger (51-L) explodes 74 seconds after liftoff 43 killing Scobee, Smith, McNair, Resnick, Jarvis, Onizuka and McAuliffe, 44 1986 4501/30 Mohandas Gandhi assassinated in New Delhi by Hindu fanatic, 1948 4601/30 Tet Offensive, 1968 4701/31 "Ham" the chimpanzee soars into space aboard Mercury-Redstone 2, 1961 4801/31 Explorer I launched, 1958. Van Allen Belt discovered 4901/31 Irving Langmuir, 1881, invented tungsten filament lamp 5002/01 First TV soap: Secret Storm, 1954 5102/01 Forces lead by Khomeini take over Iran, 1979 5202/04 Cybernet inaugurated, 1969 5302/04 Patricia Hearst kidnaped by Symbionese Liberation Army, 1974 5402/07 Fellowship leaves Lorien (LOTR) 5502/08 1963 Revolution Anniversary in Iraq 5602/09 -51 degrees F, Vanderbilt MI, 1934 5702/12 Lincoln's real birthday 5802/12 Santa Barbara oil leak, 1969 5902/14 Bombing of Dresden, 1945 6002/15 Chicago Seven convicted, 1970 6102/16 Nylon patented, 1937 6202/16 Stephen Decatur burns US frigate in Tripoli, 1804 6302/17 Death of Boromir (LOTR) 6402/18 Pluto discovered by Clyde Tombaugh, Lowell Observatory, AZ, 1930 6502/19 US Marines land on Iwo Jima, 1945 6602/20 John Glenn orbits the Earth 3 times, 1962 6702/20 Meriadoc & Pippin meet Treebeard (LOTR) 6802/21 Battle of Verdun begins, 1916 1M casualties 6902/21 First telephone directory, New Haven, Connecticut, 1878 7002/21 Malcom X shot to death in Harlem, 1965 7102/22 Passing of King Ellesar (LOTR) 7202/23 Lt. Calley confesses, implicates Cpt. Medina, 1971 7302/24 Ents destroy Isengard (LOTR) 7402/24 Impeachment proceedings against Andrew Johnson begin, 1868 7502/26 Aragorn takes the Paths of the Dead (LOTR) 7602/27 The Lionheart crowned, 1189 7702/28 The "French Connection" drug bust occurs in Marseilles, 1972 7802/29 French and Indian raid on Deerfield MA, 1704 7903/01 Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba arrested for witchcraft 80 in Salem, Massachusetts, 1692 8103/02 Blackthorn winds (New England) (Does anyone know what this is?) 8203/04 First meeting of Congress, 1789, in N.Y.C. 8303/05 Frodo & Samwise encounter Shelob (LOTR) 8403/06 Hindenburg explodes and burns upon landing at Lakehurst, NJ, 1939 8503/08 Deaths of Denethor & Theoden (LOTR) 8603/13 "Striptease" introduced, Paris, 1894 8703/14 Teddy Roosevelt excludes Japanese laborers from continental US, 1907 8803/15 Buzzards return to Hinckley OH 8903/15 France assumes protectorate over Vietnam, 1874 9003/15 Watts, Los Angeles, riots kill two, injure 25, 1966 9103/16 First liquid-fuel-powered rocket flight, 1926 9203/16 MyLai Massacre; 300 non-combatant villagers killed by U.S. infantrymen 9303/16 Robert Goddard launches first liquid-fueled rocket, Auburn MA, 1926 9403/17 Vanguard I launched, 1958. Earth proved pear-shaped 9503/18 Aleksei Leonov performs first spacewalk, 1965 9603/18 Destruction of the Ring (LOTR) 9703/19 Swallows return to Capistrano 9803/20 Radio Caroline, the original British pirate radio station, sinks, 1980 9903/24 Construction of New York subway system begins, 1900 10003/25 Triangle Shirt Waist Fire, 1911 10103/26 Popeye statue unveiled, Crystal City TX Spinach Festival, 1937 10203/27 Khrushchev becomes Premier of Soviet Union, 1958 10303/28 Three Mile Island releases radioactive gas, 1979 10403/29 Flowering of the Mallorn (LOTR) 10503/29 Swedish settled Christiana (Wilmington) DE, 1638 10603/30 Alaska purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, 1867 10703/30 Five rings around Uranus discovered, 1977 10803/30 Pencil with eraser patented, 1858 10904/01 People of superb intelligence, savoir-faire, etc. born this day. 11004/04 Gandalf visits Bilbo (LOTR) 11104/04 Martin Luther King assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee, 1968 11204/04 NATO Established, 1949 11304/06 Joseph Smith founds Mormon Church, 1830 11404/07 Albert Hofmann synthesizes LSD in Switzerland, 1943 11504/07 Alewives run, Cape Cod 11604/09 Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, 1865 11704/12 Columbia launched, 1981 11804/12 Confederate troops fire first shots of Civil War at Ft Sumter, 1861 11904/12 Space Shuttle Columbia launched, 1981 12004/12 Yuri Gagarin becomes the first man in space, 1961 12104/13 Laotian New Year (3 days) in Laos 12204/14 Lincoln shot, 1865 12304/14 Titanic hits iceberg and sinks, 1912 12404/15 Ray Kroc opens first McDonalds in Des Plaines, IL, 1955 12504/16 Lincoln shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth, 1865 12604/17 An unexpected party (LOTR) 12704/17 Bay of Pigs invasion crushed by Castro forces, 1961 12804/18 Einstein's Death, 1955 12904/18 First Laundromat opens, Fort Worth Texas, 1934 13004/18 San Francisco earthquake, 1906 13104/19 Landing of the "33" in Uruguay 13204/19 Warsaw Ghetto uprising, 1943 13304/20 Supreme Court unanimously rules in favor of busing, 1971 13404/21 Lyrid meteor shower 13504/23 Crowning of King Ellesar (LOTR) 13604/23 Hank Aaron hits his first home run, 1954 13704/26 William Shakespeare baptized in Stratford-on-Avon, England, 1564, 138 birthdate unknown 13904/27 Magellan killed in Philippines, 1521 14004/29 Zipper patented by Gideon Sindback, 1913 14105/01 Beltaine; Feast of the god Bel, sun god 14205/03 Anti-war protest disrupts business in Washington, 1971 14305/04 Four Kent State students are shot down by the National Guard, 1970 14405/05 John Scopes arrested for teaching evolution, Dayton, TN, 1925 14505/07 Germany surrenders after WWII, 1945 14605/08 Beginning of ostrich mating season 14705/08 US institutes mining of Haiphong Harbor, 1972 14805/09 94 degrees, New York, 1979 14905/10 Germany invades Low Countries, 1940 15005/10 Nazi bookburning, 1933 15105/14 Beginning of Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804 15205/14 Nation of Israel proclaimed, 1948 15305/15 Asylum for Inebriates founded, Binghamton NY, 1854 15405/17 24" rain in 11 hours, Pearl River, S. China, 1982 15505/17 Six SLA members killed in televised gun fight, 1974 15605/18 Battle of Las Piedras in Uruguay 15705/18 Napoleon crowned Emperor, 1804 15805/19 Arwen leaves Lorian to wed King Ellesar (LOTR) 15905/21 Battle of Iquique in Chile 16005/21 US explodes first hydrogen bomb, 1956 16105/22 US Civil War ends, 1865 16205/23 Israeli raid into Argentina to capture Adolf Eichmann, 1960 16305/23 Two Yetis sighted, Mt. Everest, 1953 16405/24 Battle of Pinchincha in Ecuador 16505/25 Oral Roberts sees 900 foot tall Jesus Christ, Tulsa OK, 1980 16605/25 Successful test of the limelight in Purfleet, England, 1830 16705/26 Congress sets first immigration quotas, 1924 16805/27 Golden Gate Bridge opens, 1937 16905/29 Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norkay climb Mt. Everest, 1953 17005/29 First food stamps issued, 1961 17105/30 US Marines sent to Nicaragua, 1912 17206/02 Native Americans "granted" citizenship, 1924 17306/04 Roquefort cheese developed, 1070 17406/05 Robert Kennedy assassinated, 1968 17506/05 US leaves the Gold Standard, 1933 17606/06 First drive-in movie, 1933 17706/06 Normandy landing, 1944 17806/10 Death of Alexander the Great, 323 B.C. 17906/10 Denver police tear gas Jethro Tull and 2000 fans at Red Rocks, 1971 18006/11 Greeks seize Troy, 1184BC 18106/11 Sauron attacks Osgilliath (LOTR) 18206/13 Bilbo returns to Bag End (LOTR) 18306/13 Pioneer flies past Neptune, and therefore out of the Solar System 18406/14 Sandpaper invented by I. Fischer, Jr., 1834 18506/15 Ben Franklin's kite experiment, 1752 18606/15 Magna Carta signed, 1215 18706/15 Series of photographs by Edward Muggeridge prove to Leland Stanford 188 that all the hooves of a horse are off the ground during the gallop, 189 1878 19006/16 "The Blues Brothers" premieres in Chicago, 1980 19106/17 China explodes its first Hydrogen bomb, 1967 19206/17 Watergate Democratic National Committee break-in, 1972 19306/19 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed in Sing-Sing prison, 1953 19406/19 Lizzie Bordon acquitted, 1893 19506/20 Victoria crowned, 1837 19606/21 Berlin airlift begins, 1948 19706/21 Sun rises over Heelstone at Stonehenge 19806/22 Civil rights workers disappear in Mississippi, 1964 19906/23 Slavery abolished in England, 1772 20006/23 Wedding of Ellesar & Arwen (LOTR) 20106/24 Senate repeals Gulf of Tonkin resolution, 1970 20206/25 Custer's Last Stand at Little Big Horn, 1876 20306/25 North Korea invades South Korea, 1950 20406/26 Battle of Gettysburg, 1863 20506/26 St. Lawrence Seaway dedicated by Eisenhower & Queen Elizabeth II, 1959 20606/26 Toothbrush invented, 1498 20706/27 100 degrees, Fort Yukon, 1915 20806/27 Bill Graham closes the Fillmore East, 1971 20906/28 Supreme Court decides in favor of Alan Bakke, 1978 21006/30 "That" explosion in Siberia, 1908 21106/30 China and Soviet Union announce split over ideology, 1960 21207/01 Battle of Gettysburg begins, 1863 21307/03 Dog days begin 21407/04 Battles of Vicksburg and Gettysburg won by Union forces, 1863 21507/04 Cloudy, 76 degrees, Philadelphia PA, 1776 21607/04 Gandalf imprisoned by Saruman (LOTR) 21707/04 New York abstains on Declaration of Independence vote, 1776 21807/04 Thoreau enters woods, 1845 21907/06 First `talkie' (talking motion picture) premiere in New York, 1928 22007/06 Lawrence of Arabia captures Aqaba, 1917 22107/07 First radio broadcast of "Dragnet", 1949 22207/08 First public reading of the Declaration of Independence, 1776 22307/08 Liberty Bell cracks while being rung at funeral of John Marshall, 1835 22407/09 10-hour working day set by law, NH, 1847 22507/10 134 degrees in Death Valley, 1913 22607/12 Minimum wages established: 40 cents/hour, 1933 22707/13 Women first compete in Olympic games, 1908 22807/16 Detonation of the first atomic bomb at Alamagordo, NM, 1945 22907/17 Disneyland opens, 1955 23007/18 Ty Cobb gets 4000th base hit, 1927 23107/19 Five Massachusetts women executed for witchcraft, 1692 23207/20 Armstrong and Aldrin land on moon, 1969 23307/21 First Train Robbery, Jesse James gets $3000 near Adair, Iowa, 1873 23407/21 Vietnam divided at 17th parallel, 1954 23507/23 Ice cream cone introduced, St. Louis MO, 1904 23607/24 Scopes Monkey Trial, 1925 23707/24 The ring comes to Bilbo (LOTR) 23807/26 Bilbo rescued from Wargs by Eagles (LOTR) 23907/30 "In God We Trust" made U.S. motto, 1956 24007/31 Harry S. Truman dedicates N.Y. Int'l Airport @ Idlewild Field, 1948, 241 later JFK 24208/01 Lughnasa; Feast of the god Lugh, a 30 day Celtic feast centers on 243 this day 24408/03 Columbus sets sail for Cathay, 1492 24508/03 Funeral of King Theoden (LOTR) 24608/03 USS Nautilus crosses under north polar ice cap, 1958 24708/04 Axe murder of Andrew and Abbey Borden, 1892 24808/04 Bombing of N. Vietnam begins, 1964 24908/04 Britain declares war on Germany starting World War I, 1914 25008/06 Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, 1945 25108/06 Caricom in Barbados 25208/06 Cy Young pitches first game, 1890 25308/08 Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, 1945 25408/08 Montenegro declares war on Germany, 1914 25508/08 Richard Nixon resigns the US presidency, 1974 25608/08 The Great Train Robbery -- $7,368,000, 1963 25708/09 Helter Skelter... the Charles Manson murders take place, 1969 25808/09 Persia defeats Spartan King Leonidas at Thermopylae, 480 BC 25908/09 US/Canada border defined in the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 1842 26008/10 Chicago incorporated as a village of 300 people, 1833 26108/10 US and Panama agree to transfer the canal in the year 2000, 1977 26208/11 Dog days end 26308/11 France Ends War in Indochina, 1954 26408/11 Perseid meteor shower (look north; three days) 26508/12 First test flight of Space Shuttle "Enterprise" from 747, 1977 26608/12 Last U.S. ground troops out of Vietnam, 1972 26708/13 Berlin wall erected, 1961 26808/13 Li'l Abner debut, 1934 26908/14 Social Security begins in U.S., 1935 27008/15 Gandhi's movement obtains independence for Pakistan and India, 1947 27108/15 Hurricane hits Plymouth Plantation, 1635 27208/16 Roller Coaster patented, 1898 27308/17 First public bath opened in N.Y., 1891 27408/18 Anti-Cigarette League of America formed 27508/19 Air Force cargo plane snares payload from Discoverer 14 spy satellite, 276 marking start of practical military reconnaissance from space, 1960 27708/19 Gail Borden patents condensed milk, 1856 27808/22 Death of King Richard III, 1485, Last of the Plantagenets 27908/22 Joe Walker sets X-15 all time altitude mark (67 miles), 1963 28008/22 St. Columbia reports seeing monster in Loch Ness, 565 28108/23 Sacco and Vanzetti executed, 1927 28208/24 "Alice's Restaurant" premieres in New York and Los Angeles, 1969 28308/24 -126.9 F at Vostok, Antarctica, 1960 28408/24 British troops burn Washington, 1814 28508/25 Gen. DeGaulle leads French forces into Paris, 1944 28608/26 Women get the vote, 1920 28708/27 "Tarzan of the Apes" published, 1912 28808/27 Krakatoa, Java explodes with a force of 1,300 megatons, 1883 28908/28 King leads over 200K in civil rights rally in Washington, DC, 1963 29008/29 Star in Cygnus goes nova and becomes 4th brightest in sky, 1975; 291 Nova Cygni 1975. 29208/29 Saruman enters the Shire (LOTR) 29308/30 75 cents a pound tariff set on opium, 1842 29408/30 Japan Stationery Co. sells first felt-tipped pen, 1960 29508/30 St. Rose of Lima in Peru 29608/30 Washington-to-Moscow hot line connected, 1963 29708/31 269 people killed after Korean Airlines 747 shot down by USSR, 1983 29808/31 Mary Anne Nichols becomes Jack the Ripper's first victim, 1888 29908/31 Non-aggression pact signed by USSR and Afghanistan, 1926 30009/01 Bobby Fischer defeats Boris Spassky in World Chess Match, 1972 30109/01 Joshua A. Norton proclaims himself 'Emperor Norton I', 1859 30209/02 Great Britain adopts Gregorian Calendar, 1752 30309/02 Japan signs unconditional surrender on US battleship `Missouri', 1945 30409/03 Anniversary of the Founding of the Republic in San Marino 30509/05 Kennedy orders resumption of underground nuclear tests, 1961 30609/05 The first Continental Congress was convened in Philadelphia, 1774 30709/06 149 Pilgrims set forth from England aboard the Mayflower, 1620 30809/06 First Star Trek episode (The Man Trap) aired 1966 30909/06 Pres. McKinley shot, 1901 31009/06 Somhlolo in Swaziland 31109/08 "Star Trek" debuts on NBC (1966) 31209/08 Jack the Ripper kills again, Annie Chapman is second victim, 1888 31309/08 President Ford pardons Richard M. Nixon, 1974 31409/09 California becomes the 31st state, 1850 31509/09 United Colonies is renamed the United States, 1776 31609/10 Gandalf escapes from Orthanc (LOTR) 31709/10 Mountain Meadows Massacre. Mormons kill Gentile wagon train, 1857 31809/12 German paratroopers rescue Mussolini from captivity in Rome, 1943 31909/12 Germany annexes Sudentenland, 1938 32009/13 136.4 F at el Azizia, Libya, 1922 32109/13 British defeat the French at Abraham near Quebec City, 1788 32209/13 Building of Hadrian's Wall begun, 122 32309/13 Chiang Kai-Shek becomes president of China, 1943 32409/14 Benjamin Franklin is sent to France as an American minister, 1778 32509/14 Frodo & Bilbo's birthday (LOTR) 32609/14 Salem, Massachusetts, is founded, 1629 32709/14 The Selective Service Act establishes the first peacetime draft, 1940 32809/15 Black riders enter the Shire (LOTR) 32909/15 Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev begins his 13 day tour of the US, 1959 33009/15 The U.S. Foreign Affairs Dept. becomes the U.S. State Department, 1789 33109/16 The village of Shawmut, Massachusetts, becomes the city of Boston, 1630 33209/17 Battle of Antietam, 1862 33309/18 Frodo and company rescued by Bombadil (LOTR) 33409/18 Victory of Uprona in Burundi 33509/20 Equal Rights Party nominates Belva Lockwood for President, 1884 33609/20 First meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of 337 Science, 1848 33809/20 First meeting of the National Research Council, 1916 33909/20 Magellan leaves Spain on the first Round the World passage, 1519 34009/20 The Roxy Theater opens in Hollywood, 1973 34109/22 Allied forces form the independent nation West Germany, 1953 34209/22 President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, 1862 34309/22 Special prosecutor Leon Jeworski subpoenas President Nixon, 1974 34409/22 The first Soviet atomic bomb explodes, 1949 34509/23 Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos declares martial law, 1972 34609/23 The New York Knickerbockers becomes the first U.S. Baseball club, 1845 34709/23 V.P. Nixon denies campaign fund fraud with his "Checkers" speech, 1952 34809/25 Sandra Day O'Connor becomes first woman on US Supreme Court, 1981 34909/27 The first passenger was hauled in a locomotive in England, 1825 35009/28 "Pilgrim's Progress" published, 1678 35109/28 A Greek soldier runs 26+ miles after the Persian defeat at Marathon, 352 490BC 35309/28 Frodo wounded at Weathertop (LOTR) 35409/30 Red Jack kills 2, Elizabeth Stride (#3) and Catherine Eddowes (#4), 355 1888 35609/30 The first tooth is extracted under anesthesia in Charleston, Mass, 1846 35709/30 The verdicts of the Nuremberg trials are announced, 1946 35810/01 NASA officially begins operations, 1958 35910/02 Thurgood Marshall sworn as the first black Supreme Court Justice, 1967 36010/04 Crimean war begins, 1853 36110/04 First space vehicle, Sputnik I, launched, 1957 36210/04 Sputnik 1, world's first orbiting satellite launched, 1957 36310/05 Frodo crosses bridge of Mitheithel 36410/06 Antioch College is the first public school to admit men and women, 1853 36510/06 Egyptian President Anwar Sadat is assassinated in Cairo, 1981 36610/06 Israel is attacked by the alliance of Egypt and Syria, 1973 36710/07 Foundation of the GDR in 1949 in German Democratic Republic 36810/07 Georgia Tech. beats Cumberland Univ. 222-0, 1916 36910/07 Maryland Governor Marvin Mandel sent to prison on fraud charges, 1977 37010/07 Mother Teresa of Calcutta awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, 1979 37110/07 Police stop Wilbur Mills car, Fanne Fox jumps into water, 1974 37210/08 Great Chicago Fire, 1871 37310/09 First two-way telephone conversation, 1876 37410/10 Beginning of the Wars for Independence in Cuba 37510/10 Foundation of the Workers Party in North Korea 37610/10 Mercury at Superior Conjunction with Sun. Moves into night sky. (1984) 37710/10 Spiro T. Agnew resigns as Vice-President due to income tax fraud, 1973 37810/11 "Saturday Night Live" premiers on NBC-TV, 1975 37910/11 The Gang of Four are arrested in Peking, 1976 38010/11 The first steam powered ferry ran between New York and Hoboken, 1811 38110/11 The second Vatican Ecumenical Council opens in Rome, 1962 38210/11 First broadcast of Saturday Night Live, 1975 38310/12 Bahama Natives discover Columbus of Europe lost on their shores, 1492 38410/12 Khrushchev pounds his desk with shoe during a speech to the UN, 1960 38510/12 Man O'War's last race, 1920 38610/12 Native Americans discover Columbus of Europe lost on their shores, 1492 38710/13 Italy declares war on Germany, 1943 38810/13 U.S. Navy born, 1775, authorized by the Second Continental Congress 38910/14 Battle of Hastings won by William the Conqueror and the Normans, 1066 39010/14 Chuck Yeager breaks sound barrier, 1947 39110/15 First draft card burned, 1965 39210/16 Boromir reaches Rivendell (LOTR) 39310/17 Council of Elrond (LOTR) 39410/18 Boston Shoemakers form first U.S. labor org., 1648 39510/18 Soviets announce their probe took photos of the Moon's far side, 1959 39610/19 Mao Tse-tung establishes the People's Republic of China, 1949 39710/19 Napoleon's beaten army begins the long retreat from Moscow, 1812 39810/20 "Saturday Night Massacre", 1973 39910/20 OPEC embargo, 1973 40010/21 Edison makes the first practical incandescent lamp, 1879 40110/21 Guggenheim Museum opens, 1959 40210/23 Battle of Leyte Gulf begins, 1944 40310/23 Earth created at 6:30 AM, 4004BC. 40410/23 Swallows leave Capistrano 40510/25 End of War of the Ring (LOTR) 40610/25 The UN removes Taiwan and admits the People's Republic of China, 1971 40710/26 UN's World Health Organization declares smallpox eradicated, 1978 40810/27 New York's Boss Tweed is arrested on fraud charges, 1871 40910/27 The first New York Subway is opened, 1904 41010/28 Columbus discovers Cuba, 1492 41110/28 Constantine's army defeats forces of Maxentius at Mulvian Bridge, 312 41210/28 Harvard was founded in Massachusetts, 1636 41310/28 Statue of Liberty was dedicated on Bedloe's Island, 1886 41410/29 Stock Market Crash, 1929 41510/30 Orson Welles' "War of the Worlds" broadcast, 1938 41610/31 Luther nails 95 Theses to door of Castle Church, Wittenberg, 1517 41711/01 Austria-Hungary become two separate nations, 1918 41811/01 Puerto Rican nationalists try to kill Truman at the Blair House, 1950 41911/02 Luftwaffe completes 57 consecutive nights of bombing of London, 1940 42011/02 Two Frenchmen make the first free hot air balloon flight, 1783 42111/03 Beef rises to 3 cents a pound, IL, 1837 42211/03 Linus Pauling wins Nobel Chemistry Prize, 1954 42311/03 Sputnik II launched, 1957, bearing space dog Laika 42411/04 Iranian militants seize US embassy personnel in Teheran, 1979 42511/04 Soviet forces crush the anti-communist revolt in Hungary, 1956 42611/05 Guy Fawkes' Plot, 1605 42711/06 Anniversary of the October Socialist Revolution (2 days) in U.S.S.R. 42811/07 Abolitionist newspaperman Elijah P. Lovejoy murdered by mob, 1837 42911/07 Lewis and Clark Expedition in sight of the Pacific Ocean, 1805 43011/09 Blackout of New York, New England, and Eastern Canada, 1965 43111/09 Giant panda discovered (?!), China, 1927 43211/09 Jack the Ripper kills fifth and final victim, Jane Kelly, 1888 43311/09 Margaret Sanger forms American Birth Control League, 1921 43411/09 Roosevelt establishes the Civil Works Administration, 1933 43511/10 41 Women arrested in suffragette demonstrations near White House, 1917 43611/10 Cpt. Wirz, commandant of Andersonville Prison hanged, 1865 43711/10 Henry Stanley asks David Livingston, "Dr. Livingston, I presume?", 1871 43811/11 Washington becomes the 42nd state, 1889 43911/12 Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Birthday in Taiwan 44011/12 U.S. first exports oil to Europe, 1861 44111/14 Quarter Pounder price raised from $0.53 to $0.55 in violation of Nixon 442 price controls (but okayed by Price Commission after formal request 443 from McDonald's), 1971 44411/15 Niagara Falls power plant startup, 1896 44511/16 Bilbo reaches the Lonely Mountain (LOTR) 44611/16 Opening of the Suez Canal, 1869 44711/17 46,000 meteoroids fall over AZ in 20 minutes, 1966 44811/17 Richard Nixon says "I am not a crook.", 1973 44911/18 First hydrogen bomb blasts Enewetok, 1952 45011/18 Local standard time zones established for US, 1883 45111/19 Gettysburg Address delivered, 1863 45211/21 Announcement of 18 1/2 minute gap on Watergate tape, 1973 45311/22 Kennedy shot in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald, 1963 45411/23 First broadcast of Dr. Who (longest running TV series), 1963 45511/24 Lee Harvey Oswald killed by Jack Ruby, 1963 45611/25 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite, 1867 45711/27 Alfred Nobel establishes Nobel Prize, 1895 45811/27 Friction match invented, England, 1826 45911/27 Hoosac Railroad Tunnel completed, 1873, in NW Massachusetts 46011/29 King Tut's tomb opened, 1922 46112/01 First national corn-husking championship, Alleman IA, 1924 46212/01 Martin Luther King Jr., leads black boycott of Montgomery buses, 1955 46312/01 Rosa Parks refuses to move to back of the bus (Montgomery, AL), 1953 46412/03 First neon light display, Paris, 1910 46512/03 First successful human heart transplant lead by Dr. Barnard, 1967 46612/03 The Montreux Casino burns down during a Frank Zappa concert, 1971 46712/04 Washington takes leave of his officers at Fraunce's Tavern, NYC, 1783 46812/05 Death of Smaug (LOTR) 46912/05 End of Prohibition, 1933 (at least the alcohol part) 47012/05 Phi Beta Kappa founded, 1776 47112/05 The Eighteenth Amendment repealed, ending Prohibition, 1933 47212/07 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, 1941 47312/09 Ball-bearing roller skates patented, 1884 47412/10 Metric system established in France, 1799 47512/10 Nobel Peace Prize awarded each year 47612/12 First wireless message sent across Atlantic by Marconi, 1901 47712/13 Apollo 17 leaves the moon, with "last" men to walk on moon aboard, 1972 47812/13 Dartmouth College chartered, 1769 47912/13 Geminid meteor shower (look south) 48012/15 Argo Merchant oil spill, 1976 48112/15 Bill of Rights adopted, 1791 48212/15 James Naismith invents basketball, Canada, 1891 48312/15 Sitting Bull shot in head while submitting to arrest, 1890 48412/16 Fellowship begins Quest (LOTR) 48512/20 U.S. buys ~1,000,000 sq. miles of Louisiana for ~$20/sq.mi. 48612/21 Phileas Fogg completes his trip around the world in less than 80 days 48712/24 KKK formed in Pulaski, Tenn, 1865 48812/26 DPMA founded, 1951 48912/27 APT report published, 1956 49012/27 Ether first used as anesthetic in childbirth, 1845 49112/28 Comet Kohoutek at perihelion, 1973 49212/29 Battle of Wounded knee, 1890 49312/30 First Los Angeles freeway dedicated, 1940 49412/31 St. Sylvester in Switzerland 49512/31 Winterland closes its doors, 1978 496 497#endif /* !_calendar_history_ */ 498