southamerica revision 180208
1# @(#)southamerica 8.19 2# <pre> 3 4# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 5# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 7 8# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 9# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 10# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 11# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 12# 13# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 14# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 15# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 16# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 17# of the IATA's data after 1990. 18# 19# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 20# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 21# 22# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and 23# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote 24# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST). 25# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome 26# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use 27# in Europe and South America. 28# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in 29# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466 30# 31# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style 32# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say 33# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in 34# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06): 35# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in 36# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the 37# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city. 38# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or 39# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such 40# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time". 41# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now. 42# Corrections are welcome! 43# std dst 44# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha 45# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia 46# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon 47# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre 48 49############################################################################### 50 51############################################################################### 52 53# Argentina 54 55# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 56# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976. 57# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight. 58 59# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199): 60# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC 61 62# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26): 63# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table... 64# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina. 65 66# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 67Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S 68Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 69Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 70Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 71Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 72Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S 73Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 - 74Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 75Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 76Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 77Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 78Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 79Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 80Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S 81Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 82Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 83Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - 84Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 85Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 86Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S 87Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 88Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S 89# 90# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26): 91# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A., 92# obtaining the data from the: 93# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina 94# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute) 95Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 96Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 97# 98# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26): 99# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving 100# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications 101# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made. 102# 103# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10): 104# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time, 105# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours 106# from the International Date Line. 107Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 108# From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28): 109# DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted 110# to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that 111# it ended on March 3. 112Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 - 113# 114# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01): 115# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of 116# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST. 117# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times. 118# 119# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04): 120# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando 121# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy 122# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3. 123# 124# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06): 125# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999 126# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be 127# in effect.... The article is at 128# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm 129# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted 130# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at: 131# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF 132# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version.... 133# 134# (2001-06-12): 135# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday. 136# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th.... 137# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm 138# 139# (2001-06-25): 140# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the 141# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed. 142# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm 143# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same.... 144# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina. 145# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country. 146# 147# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21): 148# A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST.... 149# all of the country (all Zone-entries) are affected. News reports like 150# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/nota.asp?nota_id=973037 indicate 151# that Argentina will use DST next year as well, from October to 152# March, although exact rules are not given. 153# 154# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-12-26) 155# The last hurdle of Argentina DST is over, the proposal was approved in 156# the lower chamber too (Deputados) with a vote 192 for and 2 against. 157# By the way thanks to Mariano Absatz and Daniel Mario Vega for the link to 158# the original scanned proposal, where the dates and the zero hours are 159# clear and unambiguous...This is the article about final approval: 160# <a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996"> 161# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996 162# </a> 163# 164# From Paul Eggert (2007-12-22): 165# For dates after mid-2008, the following rules are my guesses and 166# are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. 167Rule Arg 2007 only - Dec 30 0:00 1:00 S 168Rule Arg 2008 max - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 169Rule Arg 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 170 171# From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21): 172# Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing 173# its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night.... 174# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf 175# From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24): 176# It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for 177# now we'll assume it's for this year only. 178# 179# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 180# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html"> 181# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08) 182# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31 183# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value 184# over Shanks & Pottenger. 185# 186# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05): 187# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state: 188# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp 189# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp 190# 191# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at 192# midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01). 193# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same 194# time in October 17th. 195# 196# Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, 197# Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman. 198# 199# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14): 200# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00 201# yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's 202# annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained.... 203# 204# From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14): 205# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ... 206# "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from 207# the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take 208# effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin 209# three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday.... 210# Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place 211# on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other 212# provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article 213# contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday 214# date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del 215# Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00. 216# 217# From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05): 218# The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone 219# back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the 220# new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17). 221# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf 222# 223# From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05): 224# San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between 225# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00 226# at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th.... 227# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html 228# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html 229# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html 230 231# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-01-17): 232# Here are articles that Argentina Province San Luis is planning to end DST 233# as earlier as upcoming Monday January 21, 2008 or February 2008: 234# 235# Provincia argentina retrasa reloj y marca diferencia con resto del pais 236# (Argentine Province delayed clock and mark difference with the rest of the 237# country) 238# <a href="http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel"> 239# http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel 240# </a> 241# 242# Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes 243# (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay) 244# <a href="http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414"> 245# http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414 246# </a> 247# 248# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html"> 249# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html 250# </a> 251 252# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-18): 253# The page of the San Luis provincial government 254# <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812"> 255# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812 256# </a> 257# confirms what Alex Krivenyshev has earlier sent to the tz 258# emailing list about that San Luis plans to return to standard 259# time much earlier than the rest of the country. It also 260# confirms that upon request the provinces San Juan and Mendoza 261# refused to follow San Luis in this change. 262# 263# The change is supposed to take place Monday the 21.st at 0:00 264# hours. As far as I understand it if this goes ahead, we need 265# a new timezone for San Luis (although there are also documented 266# independent changes in the southamerica file of San Luis in 267# 1990 and 1991 which has not been confirmed). 268 269# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-25): 270# Unfortunately the below page has become defunct, about the San Luis 271# time change. Perhaps because it now is part of a group of pages "Most 272# important pages of 2008." 273# 274# You can use 275# <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834"> 276# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834 277# </a> 278# instead it seems. Or use "Buscador" from the main page of the San Luis 279# government, and fill in "huso" and click OK, and you will get 3 pages 280# from which the first one is identical to the above. 281 282# From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28): 283# I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that 284# province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008 285# (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back 286# 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round 287# (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now). 288# 289# So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San 290# Luis city is the mos populated city in the Province, so it'd be 291# America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's 292# history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-( 293# (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis 294# back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I 295# mailed them personally and never got an answer). 296 297# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-15): 298# Until there's better information, asssume San Luis was like San Juan 299# rather than Mendoza (since San Juan has a simpler DST history). 300 301# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992, 302# from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that 303# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we 304# haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region. 305# 306# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 307# 308# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), 309Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 310 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time 311 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 312 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 313 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 314 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 315 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 316# 317# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), 318# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB), 319# San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN) 320# 321# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified: 322# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07. 323# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29. 324# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04. 325# - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15, 326# then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01. 327# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01, 328# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26. 329# 330Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 331 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 332 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 333 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 334 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 335 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 336 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 337 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 338 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 339# 340# Tucuman (TM) 341Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 342 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 343 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 344 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 345 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 346 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 347 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 348 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 349 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 350 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13 351 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 352# 353# La Rioja (LR) 354Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 355 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 356 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 357 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 358 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1 359 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7 360 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 361 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 362 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 363 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 364 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 365# 366# San Juan (SJ) 367Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 368 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 369 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 370 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 371 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1 372 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7 373 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 374 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 375 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31 376 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25 377 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 378# 379# Jujuy (JY) 380Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 381 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 382 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 383 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 384 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4 385 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28 386 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17 387 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6 388 -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992 389 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 390 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 391 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 392# 393# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH) 394Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 395 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 396 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 397 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 398 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3 399 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20 400 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 401 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 402 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 403 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 404 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 405# 406# Mendoza (MZ) 407Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 408 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 409 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 410 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 411 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4 412 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15 413 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1 414 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15 415 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1 416 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18 417 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 418 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 419 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23 420 -4:00 - WART 2004 Sep 26 421 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 422# 423# San Luis (SL) 424Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 425 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 426 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 427 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 428 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1 429 -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7 430 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 431 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 432 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31 433 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25 434 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Jan 21 435 -3:00 - ART 436# 437# Santa Cruz (SC) 438Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 439 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time 440 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 441 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 442 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 443 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 444 -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1 445 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 446 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 447# 448# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF) 449Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 450 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time 451 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec 452 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 453 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 454 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 455 -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30 456 -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20 457 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 458 459# Aruba 460# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 461Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad 462 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time 463 -4:00 - AST 464 465# Bolivia 466# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 467Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890 468 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT 469 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST 470 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time 471 472# Brazil 473 474# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): 475# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules 476# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade. 477# The rule change lasted only part of the day; 478# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business 479# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon. 480 481# From IATA SSIM (1996-02): 482# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS), 483# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), 484# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), 485# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL]. 486# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.] 487 488# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07): 489# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other 490# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were 491# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST.... 492# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until 493# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95, 494# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2 495# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is 496# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is 497# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's 498# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2 499# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West. 500# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline 501# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each 502# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that 503# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE), 504# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do 505# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST. 506 507# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27): 508# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html"> 509# Brazilian official page 510# </a> 511 512# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03): 513# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:] 514# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm 515# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm 516 517# From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09): 518# The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil. 519# 520# Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and 521# the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first 522# round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President, 523# Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is 524# counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second 525# round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will 526# take place on October 27th. 527# 528# The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands 529# of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the 530# Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM, 531# the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution 532# (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)... 533 534# From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04): 535# It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly 536# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal 537# with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections. 538 539# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20): 540# Brazil will start DST on 2007-10-14 00:00 and end on 2008-02-17 00:00: 541# http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do;jsessionid=BBA06811AFCAAC28F0285210913513DA?newsId=13975 542 543# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10): 544# The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from 545# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html"> 546# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil 547# </a>. 548 549# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 550# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01) 551# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10) 552Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S 553Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 554Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S 555# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10) 556# revoked DST. 557# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24) 558# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13) 559Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S 560Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 - 561Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 562# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24) 563Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 564# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30) 565# revoked DST. 566# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18) 567# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00 568# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought. 569# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03) 570# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09. 571Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S 572# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25) 573# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school). 574Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 575# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27) 576Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S 577Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - 578# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22) 579Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S 580# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18) 581Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 582Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 583# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15) 584# revoked DST. 585# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27) 586Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S 587# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21) 588# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13) 589Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 - 590# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01) 591Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S 592Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 - 593# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22) 594Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S 595Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 - 596# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12) 597# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory) 598Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S 599Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 - 600# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21) 601# with the same exceptions 602Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 603Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 - 604# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17) 605# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF. 606# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT. 607Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S 608Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 - 609# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25) 610# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF. 611Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S 612Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 - 613# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16) 614# adopted by same states. 615Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S 616Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 - 617# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28) 618# adopted by same states, plus AM. 619# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22; 620# web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM. 621# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14) 622# adopted by same states, plus MT and TO. 623# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13) 624# adds AL, SE. 625Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S 626Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 627Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 - 628# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04) 629# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE. 630Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S 631Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 - 632# From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12): 633# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that 634# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS, 635# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit. 636# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1 637# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power. 638# 639# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states. 640Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S 641# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a> 642# (1998-02-10) 643Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 644# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11) 645# adopted by the same states as before. 646Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S 647Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 - 648# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a> 649# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states. 650# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30) 651# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR. 652Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S 653Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 - 654# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06) 655# adopted by the same states as before. 656# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13) 657# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00. 658# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17) 659# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00. 660# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a> 661# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE. 662Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S 663Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 664# Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE. 665# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm"></a> 666Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S 667# Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO. 668# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm"></a> 669Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S 670# Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT. 671# <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm"></a> 672Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S 673# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19), 674# adopted by the same states as before. 675Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S 676# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif">5,920</a> (2006-10-03), 677# adopted by the same states as before. 678Rule Brazil 2006 only - Nov 5 0:00 1:00 S 679Rule Brazil 2007 only - Feb 25 0:00 0 - 680# (Decree number not yet known) 681# http://www.brasil.gov.br/noticias/ultimas_noticias/horario_verao070920/ 682# (2007-09-20) after a heads-up from Steffen Thorsen: 683Rule Brazil 2007 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S 684Rule Brazil 2008 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 685# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST: 686# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP. 687# For dates after mid-2008, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses 688# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all. 689 690 691# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 692# 693# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE) 694Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914 695 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17 696 -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30 697 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15 698 -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13 699 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1 700 -2:00 - FNT 701# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement. 702# These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES), 703# Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE). 704# Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01; 705# it also included the Penedos. 706# 707# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA) 708# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu. 709# The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu. 710# In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess, 711# the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu. 712Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914 713 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12 714 -3:00 - BRT 715# 716# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN), 717# Paraiba (PB) 718Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914 719 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 720 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 721 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22 722 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13 723 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1 724 -3:00 - BRT 725# 726# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands) 727Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914 728 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 729 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 730 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15 731 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13 732 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1 733 -3:00 - BRT 734# 735# Tocantins (TO) 736Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914 737 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 738 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14 739 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24 740 -3:00 - BRT 741# 742# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE) 743Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914 744 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17 745 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13 746 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4 747 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30 748 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22 749 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13 750 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1 751 -3:00 - BRT 752# 753# Bahia (BA) 754# There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead 755# of America/Salvador. 756Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914 757 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24 758 -3:00 - BRT 759# 760# Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG), 761# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR), 762# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS) 763Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914 764 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00 765 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964 766 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 767# 768# Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) 769Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914 770 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 771# 772# Mato Grosso (MT) 773Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914 774 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24 775 -4:00 - AMT 2004 Oct 1 776 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 777# 778# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO) 779# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem. 780Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914 781 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 782 -4:00 - AMT 783# 784# Roraima (RR) 785Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914 786 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 787 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30 788 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15 789 -4:00 - AMT 790# 791# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto 792# The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides 793# east from west Amazonas. 794Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914 795 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12 796 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28 797 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22 798 -4:00 - AMT 799# 800# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant, 801# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna 802Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914 803 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12 804 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28 805 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22 806 -5:00 - ACT 807# 808# Acre (AC) 809Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914 810 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12 811 -5:00 - ACT 812 813 814# Chile 815 816# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19): 817# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY 818# of October.... The law is the same for March and October. 819# (1998-09-29): 820# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into 821# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ... 822# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess). 823 824# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18): 825# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later, 826# on April 3, (one-time change). 827 828# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08): 829# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm 830 831# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08): 832# I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link 833# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4 834# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15 835# (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but 836# anyhow it clears up some doubts too. 837 838# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27): 839# The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from 840# <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by 841# Jesper Norgaard Welen. The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks 842# & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from 843# America/Santiago. The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious, 844# but we have no other source. 845 846# From German Poo-Caaman~o (2008-03-03): 847# Due to drought, Chile extends Daylight Time in three weeks. This 848# is one-time change (Saturday 3/29 at 24:00 for America/Santiago 849# and Saturday 3/29 at 22:00 for Pacific/Easter) 850# The Supreme Decree is located at 851# <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf"> 852# http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf 853# </a> 854# and the instructions for 2008 are located in: 855# <a href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm"> 856# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm 857# </a>. 858 859# From Jos� Miguel Garrido (2008-03-05): 860# ... 861# You could see the announces of the change on 862# <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm"> 863# http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm 864# </a>. 865 866# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 867Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S 868Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 869Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 - 870Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S 871Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S 872Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 - 873Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 - 874Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S 875Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 876Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S 877Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 - 878Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 - 879Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 880Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 881Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S 882Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 883Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - 884Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 885Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S 886Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 887Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - 888Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S 889Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 890Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 891Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 892Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 893Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S 894Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - 895Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S 896Rule Chile 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 897# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time, 898# which is used below in specifying the transition. 899Rule Chile 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - 900Rule Chile 2009 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - 901# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14; 902# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these. 903# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 904Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890 905 -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time 906 -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time 907 -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time 908 -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time 909 -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time 910 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time 911 -4:00 Chile CL%sT 912Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:44 - LMT 1890 913 -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time 914 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time 915 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT 916# 917# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter. 918# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio, 919# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago. 920 921# Colombia 922# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 923Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S 924Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 - 925# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 926Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13 927 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time 928 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time 929# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres 930# no information; probably like America/Bogota 931 932# Curacao 933# 934# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 935# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at 936# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that 937# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 938# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say 939# Saba Island has been like Curacao. 940# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though. 941# 942# By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become 943# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba; 944# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the 945# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones 946# though, as far as we know. 947# 948# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 949Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad 950 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time 951 -4:00 - AST 952 953# Ecuador 954# 955# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04): 956# Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992. 957# <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and 958# <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both 959# talk about "hora Sixto". Leave this alone for now, as we have no data. 960# 961# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 962Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890 963 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time 964 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time 965Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno 966 -5:00 - ECT 1986 967 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time 968 969# Falklands 970 971# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 972# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except 973# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. 974 975# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22) 976# via Jesper Norgaard: 977# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15 978# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2 979# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2 980# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on 981# Sunday 1 September. 982 983# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13): 984# 985# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last 986# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is 987# what was said then: 988# 989# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp 990# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have 991# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time') 992# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of 993# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who 994# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as 995# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th 996# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule 997# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time 998# as UK or Chile." 999# 1000# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at 1001# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does 1002# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true? 1003# 1004# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the 1005# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there 1006# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of 1007# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes 1008# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like 1009# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers. 1010# 1011# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and 1012# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that 1013# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her 1014# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner. 1015 1016# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05): 1017# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no 1018# better info. 1019 1020# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1021Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1022Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 - 1023Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 1024Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1025Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 1026Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1027Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 - 1028Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S 1029Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S 1030Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 - 1031Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1032Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1033# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1034Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890 1035 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time 1036 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time 1037 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15 1038 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1039 1040# French Guiana 1041# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1042Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul 1043 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time 1044 -3:00 - GFT 1045 1046# Guyana 1047# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1048Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown 1049 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time 1050 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time 1051 -3:00 - GYT 1991 1052# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch. 1053 -4:00 - GYT 1054 1055# Paraguay 1056# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1057# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00, 1058# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999 1059# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00. 1060# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1061Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 1062Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 1063Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1064Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S 1065Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 1066Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S 1067Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 1068Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S 1069Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 - 1070Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 1071Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - 1072Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 1073# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now. 1074# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02): 1075# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday 1076# (10-01). 1077# 1078# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from 1079# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm"> 1080# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01) 1081# </a>: 1082# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in 1083# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change 1084# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate 1085# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every 1086# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the 1087# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March. 1088# 1089Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1090# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1091Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 - 1092# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but 1093# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27). 1094Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 1095# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28): 1096# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the 1097# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in 1098# April. 1099Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 1100Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1101# 1102# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02): 1103# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made 1104# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004. 1105# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05): 1106# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05) 1107# From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13) 1108# <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf> 1109Rule Para 2004 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1110Rule Para 2005 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 - 1111 1112# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1113Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890 1114 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time 1115 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time 1116 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr 1117 -4:00 Para PY%sT 1118 1119# Peru 1120# 1121# <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net"> 1122# From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a> 1123# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over 1124# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon. 1125# 1126# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1127# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987. 1128 1129# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1130Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 1131Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1132Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1133Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 - 1134Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 1135Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1136Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 1137Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1138# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1139Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S 1140Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1141# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1142Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890 1143 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time? 1144 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time 1145 1146# South Georgia 1147# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1148Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken 1149 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time 1150 1151# South Sandwich Is 1152# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered 1153 1154# Suriname 1155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1156Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911 1157 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time 1158 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved? 1159 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time 1160 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time 1161 -3:00 - SRT 1162 1163# Trinidad and Tobago 1164# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1165Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 1166 -4:00 - AST 1167 1168# Uruguay 1169# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): 1170# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules. 1171# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1172# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1173# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1174Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS 1175Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1176Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS 1177Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 1178# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman. 1179Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 - 1180Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS 1181Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 - 1182# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1183Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 1184# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13, 1185# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1186Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS 1187Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 1188Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S 1189Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - 1190Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S 1191Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 - 1192Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S 1193Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 - 1194Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1195Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 - 1196Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 1197Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS 1198Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 - 1199Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S 1200Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 - 1201Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS 1202Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S 1203Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1204Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S 1205Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 1206Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S 1207Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 1208Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S 1209Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 - 1210Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S 1211Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 - 1212Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S 1213# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2, 1214# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA. 1215Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 1216Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S 1217Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S 1218Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 - 1219# From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20): 1220# The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time.... 1221# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm 1222Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 S 1223# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11): 1224# Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to 1225# save energy ... it was postponed two weeks.... 1226# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm 1227Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 - 1228# From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27): 1229# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF 1230# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at 1231# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2. 1232Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 1233Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 - 1234# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06): 1235# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF 1236Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1237Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 - 1238# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1239Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28 1240 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT 1241 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time 1242 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT 1243 1244# Venezuela 1245# 1246# From John Stainforth (2007-11-28): 1247# ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has 1248# been brought forward to 2007-12-09. The official announcement was 1249# published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la Republica Bolivariana 1250# de Venezuela, numero 38.819" (official document for all laws or 1251# resolution publication) 1252# http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208 1253 1254# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1255Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890 1256 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time? 1257 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time 1258 -4:00 - VET 2007 Dec 9 03:00 1259 -4:30 - VET 1260