1309577Sglebius# Zones that go back beyond the scope of the tz database 2309577Sglebius 3309577Sglebius# This file is in the public domain. 4309577Sglebius 5309577Sglebius# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know 6309577Sglebius# better, go ahead and edit it (and please send any changes to 7309577Sglebius# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 8309577Sglebius# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 9309577Sglebius 10309577Sglebius 11309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31): 12309577Sglebius 13309577Sglebius# This file contains data outside the normal scope of the tz database, 14309577Sglebius# in that its zones do not differ from normal tz zones after 1970. 15309577Sglebius# Links in this file point to zones in this file, superseding links in 16309577Sglebius# the file 'backward'. 17309577Sglebius 18309577Sglebius# Although zones in this file may be of some use for analyzing 19309577Sglebius# pre-1970 time stamps, they are less reliable, cover only a tiny 20309577Sglebius# sliver of the pre-1970 era, and cannot feasibly be improved to cover 21309577Sglebius# most of the era. Because the zones are out of normal scope for the 22309577Sglebius# database, less effort is put into maintaining this file. Many of 23309577Sglebius# the zones were formerly in other source files, but were removed or 24309577Sglebius# replaced by links as their data entries were questionable and/or they 25309577Sglebius# differed from other zones only in pre-1970 time stamps. 26309577Sglebius 27309577Sglebius# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 28309577Sglebius# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 29309577Sglebius# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 30309577Sglebius# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 31309577Sglebius 32309577Sglebius# This file is not intended to be compiled standalone, as it 33309577Sglebius# assumes rules from other files. In the tz distribution, use 34309577Sglebius# 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone zones' to compile and install this file. 35309577Sglebius 36309577Sglebius# Zones are sorted by zone name. Each zone is preceded by the 37309577Sglebius# name of the country that the zone is in, along with any other 38309577Sglebius# commentary and rules associated with the entry. 39309577Sglebius# 40309577Sglebius# As explained in the zic man page, the zone columns are: 41309577Sglebius# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 42309577Sglebius 43309577Sglebius# Ethiopia 44309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31): 45309577Sglebius# Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a 46309577Sglebius# 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our 47309577Sglebius# 02:00 or 14:00. Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic. 48309577Sglebius# 49309577Sglebius# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time 50309577Sglebius# zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 51309577Sglebius# 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05. Perhaps 38E50 52309577Sglebius# was for Adis Dera. Quite likely the Shanks data entries are wrong 53309577Sglebius# anyway. 54309577SglebiusZone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 55309577Sglebius 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 56309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 57309577Sglebius 58309577Sglebius# Eritrea 59309577SglebiusZone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 60309577Sglebius 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 61309577Sglebius 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 62309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 63309577SglebiusLink Africa/Asmara Africa/Asmera 64309577Sglebius 65309577Sglebius# Mali (southern) 66309577SglebiusZone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 67309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 68325322Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1960 Jun 20 69309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 70309577Sglebius 71309577Sglebius# Central African Republic 72309577SglebiusZone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 73309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 74309577Sglebius 75309577Sglebius# Gambia 76309577SglebiusZone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 77309577Sglebius -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 78325322Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1964 79309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 80309577Sglebius 81309577Sglebius# Malawi 82309577SglebiusZone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 83309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 84309577Sglebius 85309577Sglebius# Republic of the Congo 86309577SglebiusZone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 87309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 88309577Sglebius 89309577Sglebius# Burundi 90309577SglebiusZone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 91309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 92309577Sglebius 93309577Sglebius# Guinea 94309577SglebiusZone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 95309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 96325322Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1960 97309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 98309577Sglebius 99309577Sglebius# Senegal 100309577SglebiusZone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 101325322Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1941 Jun 102309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 103309577Sglebius 104309577Sglebius# Tanzania 105309577SglebiusZone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 106309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 1948 107325322Sgordon 2:45 - +0245 1961 108309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 109309577Sglebius 110309577Sglebius# Djibouti 111309577SglebiusZone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 112309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 113309577Sglebius 114309577Sglebius# Cameroon 115309577Sglebius# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 116309577SglebiusZone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 117309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 118309577Sglebius# Sierra Leone 119309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 120309577Sglebius# The following table is from Shanks & Pottenger, but it can't be right. 121309577Sglebius# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on. 122309577Sglebius# The International Hydrographic Bulletin, 1932-33, p 63 says that 123309577Sglebius# Sierra Leone would advance its clocks by 20 minutes on 1933-10-01. 124309577Sglebius# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 125325322SgordonRule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 -0020 126325322SgordonRule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -01 127325322SgordonRule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 +01 128309577SglebiusRule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 129309577SglebiusZone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 130309577Sglebius -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 131309577Sglebius -1:00 SL %s 1957 132325322Sgordon 0:00 SL GMT/+01 133309577Sglebius 134309577Sglebius# Botswana 135309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 136309577Sglebius# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899; 137309577Sglebius# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did. 138309577SglebiusZone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 139309577Sglebius 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 140309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 141309577Sglebius 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 142309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 143309577Sglebius 144309577Sglebius# Zimbabwe 145309577SglebiusZone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 146309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 147309577Sglebius 148309577Sglebius# Uganda 149309577SglebiusZone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 150309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 1930 151325322Sgordon 2:30 - +0230 1948 152325322Sgordon 2:45 - +0245 1957 153309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 154309577Sglebius 155309577Sglebius# Rwanda 156309577SglebiusZone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 157309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 158309577Sglebius 159309577Sglebius# Democratic Republic of the Congo (west) 160309577SglebiusZone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 161309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 162309577Sglebius 163309577Sglebius# Gabon 164309577SglebiusZone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 165309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 166309577Sglebius 167309577Sglebius# Togo 168309577SglebiusZone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 169309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 170309577Sglebius 171309577Sglebius# Angola 172309577Sglebius# 173331986Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 174309577Sglebius# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 175309577Sglebius# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 176331986Sgordon# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 177309577Sglebius# 178309577SglebiusZone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 179331986Sgordon 0:52:04 - LMT 1911 Dec 31 23:00u # Luanda MT? 180309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 181309577Sglebius 182309577Sglebius# Democratic Republic of the Congo (east) 183309577SglebiusZone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 184309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 185309577Sglebius 186309577Sglebius# Zambia 187309577SglebiusZone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 188309577Sglebius 2:00 - CAT 189309577Sglebius 190309577Sglebius# Equatorial Guinea 191309577Sglebius# 192309577Sglebius# Although Shanks says that Malabo switched from UT +00 to +01 on 1963-12-15, 193309577Sglebius# a Google Books search says that London Calling, Issues 432-465 (1948), p 19, 194309577Sglebius# says that Spanish Guinea was at +01 back then. The Shanks data entries 195309577Sglebius# are most likely wrong, but we have nothing better; use them here for now. 196309577Sglebius# 197309577SglebiusZone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 198309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 199309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 200309577Sglebius 201309577Sglebius# Lesotho 202309577SglebiusZone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 203309577Sglebius 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 204309577Sglebius 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 205309577Sglebius 2:00 - SAST 206309577Sglebius 207309577Sglebius# Swaziland 208309577SglebiusZone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 209309577Sglebius 2:00 - SAST 210309577Sglebius 211309577Sglebius# Somalia 212309577SglebiusZone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 213309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 1931 214325322Sgordon 2:30 - +0230 1957 215309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 216309577Sglebius 217309577Sglebius# Niger 218309577SglebiusZone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 219325322Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1934 Feb 26 220309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 1960 221309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 222309577Sglebius 223309577Sglebius# Mauritania 224309577SglebiusZone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 225309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 226325322Sgordon -1:00 - -01 1960 Nov 28 227309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 228309577Sglebius 229309577Sglebius# Burkina Faso 230309577SglebiusZone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 231309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 232309577Sglebius 233309577Sglebius# Benin 234309577Sglebius# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 235309577Sglebius# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 236309577SglebiusZone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 237309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 238309577Sglebius 1:00 - WAT 239309577Sglebius 240309577Sglebius# Mali (northern) 241309577SglebiusZone Africa/Timbuktu -0:12:04 - LMT 1912 242309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 243309577Sglebius 244309577Sglebius# Anguilla 245309577SglebiusZone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 246309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 247309577Sglebius 248309577Sglebius# Antigua and Barbuda 249309577SglebiusZone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 250309577Sglebius -5:00 - EST 1951 251309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 252309577Sglebius 253309577Sglebius# Chubut, Argentina 254309577Sglebius# The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit. 255309577SglebiusZone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 256309577Sglebius -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 257325322Sgordon -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec 258325322Sgordon -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5 259325322Sgordon -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3 260325322Sgordon -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20 261325322Sgordon -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3 262325322Sgordon -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3 263325322Sgordon -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1 264325322Sgordon -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20 265325322Sgordon -3:00 - -03 266309577Sglebius 267309577Sglebius# Aruba 268309577SglebiusZone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad 269325322Sgordon -4:30 - -0430 1965 270309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 271309577Sglebius 272309577Sglebius# Cayman Is 273309577SglebiusZone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown 274331986Sgordon -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time 275309577Sglebius -5:00 - EST 276309577Sglebius 277331986Sgordon# United States 278331986Sgordon# 279331986Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18): 280331986Sgordon# America/Chillicothe would be tricky, as it was a city of two-timers: 281331986Sgordon# "To prevent a constant mixup at Chillicothe, caused by the courthouse 282331986Sgordon# clock running on central time and the city running on 'daylight saving' 283331986Sgordon# time, a third hand was added to the dial of the courthouse clock." 284331986Sgordon# -- Ohio news in brief. The Cedarville Herald. 1920-05-21;43(21):1 (col. 5) 285331986Sgordon# https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cedarville_herald/794 286331986Sgordon 287309577Sglebius# Canada 288309577SglebiusZone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884 289309577Sglebius -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946 290309577Sglebius -5:00 - EST 291309577Sglebius 292309577Sglebius# Dominica 293309577SglebiusZone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau 294309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 295309577Sglebius 296309577Sglebius# Baja California 297309577Sglebius# See 'northamerica' for why this entry is here rather than there. 298309577SglebiusZone America/Ensenada -7:46:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:13:32 299309577Sglebius -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 300309577Sglebius -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 16 301309577Sglebius -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 302309577Sglebius -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14 303309577Sglebius -8:00 - PST 1996 304309577Sglebius -8:00 Mexico P%sT 305309577Sglebius 306309577Sglebius# Grenada 307309577SglebiusZone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's 308309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 309309577Sglebius 310309577Sglebius# Guadeloupe 311309577SglebiusZone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe-��-Pitre 312309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 313309577Sglebius 314309577Sglebius# Canada 315309577Sglebius# 316309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24): 317309577Sglebius# Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto; see 318309577Sglebius# America/Toronto. However, earlier versions of the tz database 319309577Sglebius# mistakenly relied on data from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec 320309577Sglebius# differed from Ontario after 1970, and the following rules and zone 321309577Sglebius# were created for most of Quebec from the incorrect Shanks & 322309577Sglebius# Pottenger data. The post-1970 entries have been corrected, but the 323309577Sglebius# pre-1970 entries are unchecked and probably have errors. 324309577Sglebius# 325309577Sglebius# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 326309577SglebiusRule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D 327309577SglebiusRule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S 328309577SglebiusRule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D 329309577SglebiusRule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S 330309577SglebiusRule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D 331309577SglebiusRule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S 332309577SglebiusRule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 333309577SglebiusRule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D 334309577SglebiusRule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D 335309577SglebiusRule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S 336309577SglebiusRule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 337309577SglebiusRule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D 338309577SglebiusRule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S 339309577SglebiusRule Mont 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D 340309577SglebiusRule Mont 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S 341309577SglebiusRule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 342309577SglebiusRule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 343309577SglebiusRule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 344309577SglebiusRule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 345309577SglebiusRule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 346309577SglebiusZone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 347309577Sglebius -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918 348309577Sglebius -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919 349309577Sglebius -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s 350309577Sglebius -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946 351309577Sglebius -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974 352309577Sglebius -5:00 Canada E%sT 353309577Sglebius 354309577Sglebius# Montserrat 355309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 356309577Sglebius# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital. 357309577Sglebius# world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now. 358309577SglebiusZone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill 359309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 360309577Sglebius 361331986Sgordon# United States 362331986Sgordon# 363331986Sgordon# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18): 364331986Sgordon# America/Palm_Springs would be tricky, as it kept two sets of clocks 365331986Sgordon# in 1946/7. See the following notes. 366331986Sgordon# 367331986Sgordon# From Steve Allen (2018-01-19): 368331986Sgordon# The shadow of Mt. San Jacinto brings darkness very early in the winter 369331986Sgordon# months. In 1946 the chamber of commerce decided to put the clocks of Palm 370331986Sgordon# Springs forward by an hour in the winter. 371331986Sgordon# https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/2017/12/27/palm-springs-struggle-daylight-savings-time-and-idea-sun-time/984416001/ 372331986Sgordon# Desert Sun, Number 18, 1 November 1946 373331986Sgordon# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461101 374331986Sgordon# has proposal for meeting on front page and page 21. 375331986Sgordon# Desert Sun, Number 19, 5 November 1946 376331986Sgordon# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461105 377331986Sgordon# reports that Sun Time won at the meeting on front page and page 5. 378331986Sgordon# Desert Sun, Number 37, 7 January 1947 379331986Sgordon# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470107.2.12 380331986Sgordon# front page reports request to abandon Sun Time and page 7 notes a "class war". 381331986Sgordon# Desert Sun, Number 38, 10 January 1947 382331986Sgordon# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470110 383331986Sgordon# front page reports on end. 384331986Sgordon 385309577Sglebius# Argentina 386309577Sglebius# This entry was intended for the following areas, but has been superseded by 387309577Sglebius# more detailed zones. 388309577Sglebius# Santa Fe (SF), Entre R��os (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), 389309577Sglebius# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH) 390309577SglebiusZone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov 391309577Sglebius -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 392325322Sgordon -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec 393325322Sgordon -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5 394325322Sgordon -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Jul 395325322Sgordon -3:00 - -03 1999 Oct 3 0:00 396325322Sgordon -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3 0:00 397325322Sgordon -3:00 - -03 398309577Sglebius 399309577Sglebius# St Kitts-Nevis 400309577SglebiusZone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre 401309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 402309577Sglebius 403309577Sglebius# St Lucia 404309577SglebiusZone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries 405309577Sglebius -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time 406309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 407309577Sglebius 408309577Sglebius# Virgin Is 409309577SglebiusZone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie 410309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 411309577Sglebius 412309577Sglebius# St Vincent and the Grenadines 413309577SglebiusZone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown 414309577Sglebius -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time 415309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 416309577Sglebius 417309577Sglebius# British Virgin Is 418309577SglebiusZone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town 419309577Sglebius -4:00 - AST 420309577Sglebius 421309577Sglebius# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12 422309577SglebiusZone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - -00 1956 423309577Sglebius 12:00 NZ NZ%sT 424309577SglebiusLink Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole 425309577Sglebius 426309577Sglebius# Yemen 427309577Sglebius# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 428309577Sglebius# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 429309577SglebiusZone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 430325322Sgordon 3:00 - +03 431309577Sglebius 432309577Sglebius# Bahrain 433309577SglebiusZone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah 434325322Sgordon 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 435325322Sgordon 3:00 - +03 436309577Sglebius 437309577Sglebius# India 438309577Sglebius# 439309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 440309577Sglebius# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 305 says that Madras 441309577Sglebius# civil time was 5:20:57.3. 442309577Sglebius# 443309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-21): 444309577Sglebius# In tomorrow's The Hindu, Nitya Menon reports that India had two civil time 445309577Sglebius# zones starting in 1884, one in Bombay and one in Calcutta, and that railways 446331986Sgordon# used a third time zone based on Madras time (80�� 18' 30" E). Also, 447309577Sglebius# in 1881 Bombay briefly switched to Madras time, but switched back. See: 448309577Sglebius# http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/madras-375-when-madras-clocked-the-time/article6339393.ece 449309577Sglebius#Zone Asia/Chennai [not enough info to complete] 450309577Sglebius 451309577Sglebius# China 452309577Sglebius# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 453309577Sglebius# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 454309577Sglebius# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 455309577Sglebius# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 456309577Sglebius# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 457309577SglebiusZone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 458325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1980 May 459309577Sglebius 8:00 PRC C%sT 460309577SglebiusLink Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking 461309577Sglebius 462309577Sglebius# Vietnam 463309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13): 464309577Sglebius# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for this data. 465309577Sglebius# Tr���n's book says the 1954-55 transition to 07:00 in Hanoi was in 466309577Sglebius# October 1954, with exact date and time unspecified. 467309577SglebiusZone Asia/Hanoi 7:03:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 468309577Sglebius 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 469325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 470325322Sgordon 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 471325322Sgordon 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 472325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 473325322Sgordon 8:00 - +08 1954 Oct 474325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 475309577Sglebius 476309577Sglebius# China 477309577Sglebius# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 478309577Sglebius# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 479309577SglebiusZone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 480325322Sgordon 8:30 - +0830 1932 Mar 481309577Sglebius 8:00 - CST 1940 482325322Sgordon 9:00 - +09 1966 May 483325322Sgordon 8:30 - +0830 1980 May 484309577Sglebius 8:00 PRC C%sT 485309577Sglebius 486309577Sglebius# far west China 487309577SglebiusZone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 488325322Sgordon 5:30 - +0530 1940 489325322Sgordon 5:00 - +05 1980 May 490309577Sglebius 8:00 PRC C%sT 491309577Sglebius 492309577Sglebius# Kuwait 493309577SglebiusZone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 494325322Sgordon 3:00 - +03 495309577Sglebius 496309577Sglebius 497309577Sglebius# Oman 498309577Sglebius# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 499309577SglebiusZone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 500325322Sgordon 4:00 - +04 501309577Sglebius 502309577Sglebius# India 503309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: 504309577Sglebius# According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26) 505325322Sgordon# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 506309577Sglebius# Portuguese India switched to UT +05 on 1912-01-01. 507309577Sglebius#Zone Asia/Panaji [not enough info to complete] 508309577Sglebius 509309577Sglebius# Cambodia 510309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11): 511309577Sglebius# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data. Also, guess 512309577Sglebius# (1) Cambodia reverted to UT +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did, and 513309577Sglebius# (2) they also reverted to +07 on 1953-11-09, the date of independence. 514309577Sglebius# These guesses are probably wrong but they're better than guessing no 515309577Sglebius# transitions there. 516309577SglebiusZone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 517309577Sglebius 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 518325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 519325322Sgordon 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 520325322Sgordon 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 521325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 522325322Sgordon 8:00 - +08 1953 Nov 9 523325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 524309577Sglebius 525309577Sglebius# Israel 526309577SglebiusZone Asia/Tel_Aviv 2:19:04 - LMT 1880 527309577Sglebius 2:21 - JMT 1918 528309577Sglebius 2:00 Zion I%sT 529309577Sglebius 530309577Sglebius# Laos 531309577Sglebius# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11): 532309577Sglebius# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data. 533309577Sglebius# Tr���n's book says that Laos reverted to UT +07 on 1955-04-15. 534309577Sglebius# Also, guess that Laos reverted to +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did; 535309577Sglebius# this is probably wrong but it's better than guessing no transition. 536309577SglebiusZone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 537309577Sglebius 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 538325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 539325322Sgordon 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 540325322Sgordon 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 541325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 542325322Sgordon 8:00 - +08 1955 Apr 15 543325322Sgordon 7:00 - +07 544309577Sglebius 545309577Sglebius# Jan Mayen 546309577Sglebius# From Whitman: 547325322SgordonZone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen -1:00 - -01 548309577Sglebius 549309577Sglebius# St Helena 550309577SglebiusZone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 551309577Sglebius -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 552309577Sglebius 0:00 - GMT 553309577Sglebius 554309577Sglebius# Northern Ireland 555309577SglebiusZone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 556309577Sglebius -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 557309577Sglebius # DMT = Dublin/Dunsink MT 558309577Sglebius -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s 559309577Sglebius # IST = Irish Summer Time 560309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 561309577Sglebius 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 562309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 563309577Sglebius 0:00 EU GMT/BST 564309577Sglebius 565309577Sglebius# Guernsey 566309577Sglebius# Data from Joseph S. Myers 567325322Sgordon# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html 568309577Sglebius# References to be added 569331986Sgordon# LMT is for Town Church, St. Peter Port, 49�� 27' 17" N, 2�� 32' 10" W. 570325322SgordonZone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 571309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 572309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 573309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 574309577Sglebius 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 575309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 576309577Sglebius 0:00 EU GMT/BST 577309577Sglebius 578309577Sglebius# Isle of Man 579309577Sglebius# 580309577Sglebius# From Lester Caine (2013-09-04): 581309577Sglebius# The Isle of Man legislation is now on-line at 582325322Sgordon# <https://www.legislation.gov.im>, starting with the original Statutory 583309577Sglebius# Time Act in 1883 and including additional confirmation of some of 584309577Sglebius# the dates of the 'Summer Time' orders originating at 585309577Sglebius# Westminster. There is a little uncertainty as to the starting date 586325322Sgordon# of the first summer time in 1916 which may have been announced a 587309577Sglebius# couple of days late. There is still a substantial number of 588309577Sglebius# documents to work through, but it is thought that every GB change 589309577Sglebius# was also implemented on the island. 590309577Sglebius# 591309577Sglebius# AT4 of 1883 - The Statutory Time et cetera Act 1883 - 592309577Sglebius# LMT Location - 54.1508N -4.4814E - Tynwald Hill ( Manx parliament ) 593309577SglebiusZone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s 594309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 595309577Sglebius 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 596309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 597309577Sglebius 0:00 EU GMT/BST 598309577Sglebius 599309577Sglebius# Jersey 600309577Sglebius# Data from Joseph S. Myers 601325322Sgordon# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html 602309577Sglebius# References to be added 603331986Sgordon# LMT is for Parish Church, St. Helier, 49�� 11' 0.57" N, 2�� 6' 24.33" W. 604325322SgordonZone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 605309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 606309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 607309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 608309577Sglebius 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 609309577Sglebius 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 610309577Sglebius 0:00 EU GMT/BST 611309577Sglebius 612309577Sglebius# Slovenia 613309577SglebiusZone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 614309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 615309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 616309577Sglebius 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 617309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 618309577Sglebius 1:00 EU CE%sT 619309577Sglebius 620309577Sglebius# Bosnia and Herzegovina 621309577SglebiusZone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 622309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 623309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 624309577Sglebius 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 625309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 626309577Sglebius 1:00 EU CE%sT 627309577Sglebius 628309577Sglebius# Macedonia 629309577SglebiusZone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 630309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 631309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 632309577Sglebius 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 633309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 634309577Sglebius 1:00 EU CE%sT 635309577Sglebius 636309577Sglebius# Moldova / Transnistria 637309577SglebiusZone Europe/Tiraspol 1:58:32 - LMT 1880 638309577Sglebius 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 639309577Sglebius 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 640309577Sglebius 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 641309577Sglebius 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 642309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24 643309577Sglebius 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 644309577Sglebius 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 645309577Sglebius 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 646309577Sglebius 647309577Sglebius# Liechtenstein 648309577SglebiusZone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 649309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1981 650309577Sglebius 1:00 EU CE%sT 651309577Sglebius 652309577Sglebius# Croatia 653309577SglebiusZone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 654309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 655309577Sglebius 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 656309577Sglebius 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 657309577Sglebius 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 658309577Sglebius 1:00 EU CE%sT 659309577Sglebius 660309577Sglebius# Madagascar 661309577SglebiusZone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 662309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 663309577Sglebius 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 664309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 665309577Sglebius 666309577Sglebius# Comoros 667309577SglebiusZone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 668309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 669309577Sglebius 670309577Sglebius# Mayotte 671309577SglebiusZone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 672309577Sglebius 3:00 - EAT 673309577Sglebius 674309577Sglebius# US minor outlying islands 675309577SglebiusZone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST 676309577Sglebius 677309577Sglebius# US minor outlying islands 678309577Sglebius# 679309577Sglebius# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23): 680309577Sglebius# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies, 681309577Sglebius# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3] 682309577Sglebius# reproduced a Pan American Airways timetable from 1936, for their weekly 683309577Sglebius# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting 684309577Sglebius# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone 685309577Sglebius# designations that I've never seen before:.... 686309577Sglebius# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun. 687309577Sglebius# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A " 688309577Sglebius# 689309577SglebiusZone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901 690325322Sgordon -11:00 - -11 1956 Jun 3 691325322Sgordon -11:00 1:00 -10 1956 Sep 2 692325322Sgordon -11:00 - -11 693309577Sglebius 694309577Sglebius# N Mariana Is 695309577SglebiusZone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 696309577Sglebius 9:43:00 - LMT 1901 697325322Sgordon 9:00 - +09 1969 Oct 698325322Sgordon 10:00 - +10 2000 Dec 23 699309577Sglebius 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time 700