asia revision 86464
1# @(#)asia 7.65 2 3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 6 7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): 8# 9# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 10# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 11# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 12# 13# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 14# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 15# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 16# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 17# of the IATA's data after 1990. 18# 19# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 20# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 21# 22# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 23# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 24# I found in the UCLA library. 25# 26# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 27# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 28# 29# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 30# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 31# Corrections are welcome! 32# std dst 33# LMT Local Mean Time 34# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 35# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 36# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 37# 4:00 GST Gulf* 38# 5:30 IST India 39# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 40# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 41# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 42# 8:00 CST China 43# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 44# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 45# 9:00 JST Japan 46# 9:00 KST Korea 47# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 48# 49# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 50 51# From Guy Harris: 52# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 53# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 54# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 55# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 56 57############################################################################### 58 59# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 60# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 61Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 62Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 63Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 64Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 65Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 66Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 67Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 68Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 69Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 70Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 71Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 72Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 73Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 75 76# Afghanistan 77# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 78Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 79 4:00 - AFT 1945 80 4:30 - AFT 81 82# Armenia 83# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 84# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, 85# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997. 86# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 87# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 88# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 89# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 90# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 91# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 92Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 93 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 94 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 95 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 96 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 97 4:00 - AMT 1997 98 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 99 100# Azerbaijan 101# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 102Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S 103Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 - 104# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 105Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 106 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 107 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 108 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 109 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 110 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 111 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 112 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 113 114# Bahrain 115# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 116Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 117 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 118 3:00 - AST 119 120# Bangladesh 121# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 122Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 123 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 124 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 125 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 126 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 127 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 128 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 129 130# Bhutan 131# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 132Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 133 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 134 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 135 136# British Indian Ocean Territory 137# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 138# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 139# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 140Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 141 6:00 - IOT 142 143# Brunei 144# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 145Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 146 7:30 - BNT 1933 147 8:00 - BNT 148 149# Burma / Myanmar 150# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 151Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 152 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 153 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 154 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 155 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 156 157# Cambodia 158# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 159Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 160 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 161 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 162 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 163 7:00 - ICT 164 165# China 166 167# From Guy Harris: 168# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 169 170# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 171# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 172# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 173# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 174# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 175# the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 176# 177# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 178# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 179# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 180# 181# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 182# 1987 mid-April - ?? 183 184# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 185# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 186# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 187 188# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19): 189# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, 190# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 191# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 192# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones. 193 194# From Shanks: 195# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 196Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 197Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 198Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 199Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 200Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 201Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 202Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 203# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 204Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 205 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time 206 8:00 - CST 1940 207 9:00 - HART 1966 May 208 8:30 - HART 1980 May 209 8:00 PRC C%sT 210Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 211 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 212 8:00 PRC C%sT 213Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 214 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time 215 8:00 PRC C%sT 216Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 217 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 218 8:00 PRC C%sT 219Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 220 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 221 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 222 8:00 PRC C%sT 223# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 224# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 225Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 226Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 227Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 228Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 229Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 230Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 231Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 232Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 233Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 234Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 235Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 236Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 237Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 238Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 239Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 240# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 241Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 242 8:00 HK HK%sT 243 244 245############################################################################### 246 247# Taiwan 248 249# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 250# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 251# have any other information. 252 253# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 254Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 255Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 256Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 257Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 258Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 259Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 260Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 261Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 262Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 263Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 264Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 265# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 266Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 267 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 268 269# Macao (Macau, Aomen) 270# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 271Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 272Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 273Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 274Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 275Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 276Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 277Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 278Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 279Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 280Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 281Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 282Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 283Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 284Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 285# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 286Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 287 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 288 8:00 PRC C%sT 289 290 291############################################################################### 292 293# Cyprus 294# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 295Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 296Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 297Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 298Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 299Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 300Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 301Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 302Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 303Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 304# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 305Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 306 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 307 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 308# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 309 310# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 311# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 312Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 313 314# Georgia 315# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19): 316# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 317# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 318# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 319# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 320# 321# From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 322# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 323# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 324# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 325# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 326Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 327 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 328 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 329 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 330 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 331 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 332 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 333 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 334 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 335 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 336 337# East Timor 338 339# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 340# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 341# East Timor may be late for its millennium 342# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 343# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 344# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 345# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 346# conflicts with their way of life. 347 348# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 349# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 350# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 351 352# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 353# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 354# (2000-08-16)</a>: 355# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 356# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 357# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 358# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 359 360# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 361Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 362 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 363 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 364 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3 365 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 366 9:00 - TPT 367 368# India 369# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 370Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 371 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 372 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 373 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 374 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 375 5:30 - IST 376# The following are like Asia/Calcutta: 377# Andaman Is 378# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 379# Nicobar Is 380 381# Indonesia 382# 383# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks: 384# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 385# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 386# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 387# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 388# 389# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 390Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 391# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 392# but this must be a typo. 393 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 394 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 395 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 396 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 397 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 398 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 399 7:30 - WIT 1964 400 7:00 - WIT 401Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 402 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 403 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 404 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 405 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 406 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 407 7:30 - WIT 1964 408 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 409 7:00 - WIT 410Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 411 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 412 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 413 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 414 8:00 - CIT 415Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 416 9:00 - EIT 1944 417 9:30 - CST 1964 418 9:00 - EIT 419 420# Iran 421# From Paul Eggert (2000-06-12), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales: 422# Ahmea Alavi in 423# <a href="http://www.persia.org/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt"> 424# TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12) 425# </a> 426# writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day 427# of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM: 428# 429# DST start DST end 430# year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi 431# 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23 432# 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23 433# 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23 434# 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 435# 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 436# 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-22 09-22 437# 1997 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 438# 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23 439# 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23 440# 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22 441# 2001 03-19!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23 442# 2002 03-18!= 03-21 09-18!= 09-23 443# 444# Go with Alavi starting with 1992. 445# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates. 446# The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050 447# are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 448# 449# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 450Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 451Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 452Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 - 453Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 454Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S 455Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 - 456Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 457Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 458Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 459Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 460Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 461Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 462Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 463Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 464Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 465Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 466Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 467Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 468Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 469Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 470Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 471Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 472Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 473Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 474Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 475Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 476Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 477Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 478Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 479Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 480Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 481Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 482Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 483Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 484Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 485Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 486Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 487Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 488Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 489Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 490Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 491Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 492Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 493Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 494Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 495Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 496Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S 497Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 - 498Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S 499Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 500# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 501Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 502 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 503 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov 504 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 505 3:30 Iran IR%sT 506 507 508# Iraq 509# 510# From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12): 511# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 512# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 513# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 514# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 515# 516# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 517# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 518# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 519# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 520# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 521# 522# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 523 524# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 525Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 526Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 527Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 528Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 529Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 530Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 531# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 532# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this. 533Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 534Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 535# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 536Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 537 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 538 3:00 - AST 1982 May 539 3:00 Iraq A%sT 540 541 542############################################################################### 543 544# Israel 545 546# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 547# 548# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 549# different abbreviations in use: 550# 551# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 552# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 553# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 554# 555# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 556# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 557# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 558# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 559# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 560# settings in Israeli computers. 561# 562# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 563# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 564# family is from India). 565 566# From Shanks: 567# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 568Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 569Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 570Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 571Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 572Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 573Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 574Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 575Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 576Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 577Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 578Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 579Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 580Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 581Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 582Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 583Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 584Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 585Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 586Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 587Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 588Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 589Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 590Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 591Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 592Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 593Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 594Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 595Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 596Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 597Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 598Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 599Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 600Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 601Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 602Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 603Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 604Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 605Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 606Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 607Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 608 609# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il> 610# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25): 611 612# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 613# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 614# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 615# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 616# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 617# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 618# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 619# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 620# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 621# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 622# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 623# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 624# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 625# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 626# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 627# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 628# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 629# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 630# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 631# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 632# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 633# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 634 635# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 636Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 637Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 638Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 639Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 640Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 641Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 642Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 643Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 644Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 645Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 646 647# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 648# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 649# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 650 651# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 652Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 653Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 654Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 655Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 656 657# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 658# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 659# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 660# 661# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 662# 663# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 664# 665# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 666# 667# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 668# 669# where YYYY is the relevant year. 670 671# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 672Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 673Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 674Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 675Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 676Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 677Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 678Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 679Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 680 681# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 682# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 683# years 2001-2004 as well. 684# 685# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 686# 687# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 688# 689# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 690# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 691# 692# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 693 694# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 695Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 696Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 697Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 698Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 699Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 700Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 701Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 702Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 703Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 704Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 705 706# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25): 707# Here are guesses for rules after 2004. 708# They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all. 709# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 710Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D 711Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S 712 713# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 714Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 715 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 716 2:00 Zion I%sT 717 718 719############################################################################### 720 721# Japan 722 723# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 724 725# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06): 726# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 727# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 728# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 729# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows: 730# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 731#Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 732#Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 733#Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 734#Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 735# but the only locations using it were US military bases. 736# We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo. 737 738# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 739# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 740# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 741# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 742# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 743# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 744# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 745 746# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 747# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 748# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 749# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 750# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 751# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 752# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 753# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 754# standard.... 755# 756# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 757# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 758 759# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki) 760# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 761 762# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 763Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 764 9:00 - JST 1896 765 9:00 - CJT 1938 766 9:00 - JST 767# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 768 769# Jordan 770# 771# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 772# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 773# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 774# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 775# all year round. 776# 777# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 778# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 779# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 780# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 781# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 782# government's departments from six to seven hours. 783# 784# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 785Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 786Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 787Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 788Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 789Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 790Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 791Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 792Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 793Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 794Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 795Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 796Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 797Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 798Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 799Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 800Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 801Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 802Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 803Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 804Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 805Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 806Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 807Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 808# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 809Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 810 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 811 812# Kazakhstan 813# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 814# Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 815# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 816# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 817# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 818# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 819# 820# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 821Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 822 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time 823 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 824 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 825 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 826 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT 827Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 828 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time 829 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 830 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 831 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time 832 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 833Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau 834 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time 835 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 836 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 837 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time 838 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun 839 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 840 841# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 842# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks. 843# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 844Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S 845Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 846Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 847Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 848# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 849Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 850 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 851 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 852 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 853 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time 854 855############################################################################### 856 857# Korea (North and South) 858 859# From Guy Harris: 860# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco, 861# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know 862# at what time of day DST starts or ends. 863 864# From Shanks: 865# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 866Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 867Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 868Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D 869Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S 870 871# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 872Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 873 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 874 9:00 - KST 1928 875 8:30 - KST 1932 876 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 877 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 878 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 879 9:00 ROK K%sT 880Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 881 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 882 9:00 - KST 1928 883 8:30 - KST 1932 884 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 885 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 886 9:00 - KST 887 888############################################################################### 889 890# Kuwait 891# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 892Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 893 3:00 - AST 894 895# Laos 896# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 897Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 898 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 899 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 900 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 901 7:00 - ICT 902 903# Lebanon 904# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 905Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 906Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 907Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 908Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 909Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 910Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 911Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 912Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 913Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 914Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 915Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 916Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 917Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 918Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 919Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 920Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 921Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 922Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 923Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 924Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 925Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 926Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 927Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 928Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 929# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 930Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 931 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 932 933# Malaysia 934# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 935Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 936Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 937# 938# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 939# peninsular Malaysia 940Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880 941 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 942 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 943 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 944 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 945 7:20 - MALT 1950 946 7:30 - MALT 1982 May 947 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 948# Sabah & Sarawak 949Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 950 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 951 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 952 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 953 8:00 - BORT 1982 May 954 8:00 - MYT 955 956# Maldives 957# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 958Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 959 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 960 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 961 962# Mongolia 963 964# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map 965# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01) 966# both say that it has just one. 967 968# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 969# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 970# General Information Mongolia 971# </a> (1999-09) 972# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 973# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 974# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 975# eight hours." 976 977# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 978# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 979# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 980# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 981# of implementation may have been different.... 982# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 983# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 984# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 985 986# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 987# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 988# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 989# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 990# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 991# is good enough for our purposes. 992 993# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 994# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 995# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 996# there are three time zones. 997# 998# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 999# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1000# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1001# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1002# 1003# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1004 1005# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1006Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1007Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1008# IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists 1009# them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00. 1010# Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998. 1011Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1012Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1013# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1014Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr 27 2:00s 1:00 S 1015Rule Mongol 2001 only - Sep 28 2:00s 0 - 1016 1017# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1018# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1019Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1020 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1021 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1022# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1023Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1024 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1025 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1026# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1027# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1028Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1029 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1030 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1031 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time 1032 1033# Nepal 1034# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1035Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1036 5:30 - IST 1986 1037 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1038 1039# Oman 1040# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1041Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1042 4:00 - GST 1043 1044# Pakistan 1045# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1046Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1047 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1048 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1049 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1050 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1051 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time 1052 1053# Palestine 1054 1055# From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15): 1056# 1057# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1058# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1059# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1060# 1061# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1062# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1063# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1064# though. 1065# 1066# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1067# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1068# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1069# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1070# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1071# East Jerusalem. 1072# 1073# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1074# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1075# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1076# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1077# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1078# 1079# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1080# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1081# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1082# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1083# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1084# Jordanian one). 1085# 1086# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1087# 1088# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1089# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1090# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1091# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1092# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1093# 1094# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1095# have one). 1096 1097# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): 1098# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go 1099# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1100# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1101# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1102# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1103# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1104# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1105# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1106# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1107# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1108 1109# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1110# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1111# 1112# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1113# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1114# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1115# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1116 1117# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1118# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1119# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1120# Holiday havoc 1121# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1122# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1123# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1124# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1125# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1126 1127# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1128# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1129Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1130Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1131Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1132Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1133Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1134Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1135 1136Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1137Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1138 1139# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1140Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1141 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1142 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1143 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1144 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1145 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1146 1147# Paracel Is 1148# no information 1149 1150# Philippines 1151# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1152# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1153# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1154# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1155# The rest of this data is from Shanks. 1156# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1157Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1158Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1159Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1160Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1161Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1162Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1164Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1165 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1166 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1167 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1168 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1169 1170# Qatar 1171# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1172Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1173 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1174 3:00 - AST 1175 1176# Saudi Arabia 1177# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1178Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1179 3:00 - AST 1180 1181# Singapore 1182# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1183Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880 1184 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time 1185 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time 1186 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15 1187 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 1188 7:20 - MALT 1950 1189 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1190 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time 1191 8:00 - SGT 1192 1193# Spratly Is 1194# no information 1195 1196# Sri Lanka 1197# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1198# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1199# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1200# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1201# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1202# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1203# 1204# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1205# by Shamindra in 1206# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1207# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1208# </a>: 1209# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1210# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1211 1212# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1213Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1214 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1215 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1216 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1217 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1218 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1219 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1220 6:00 - LKT 1221 1222# Syria 1223# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1224Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1225Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1226Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1227Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1228Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1229Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1230Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1231Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1232Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 1233Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1234Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1235Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 1236Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 1237Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1238Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 1239Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 1240Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 1241Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 1242Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 1243Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 1244Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1245Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 1246Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1247Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1248Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1249Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 1250Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1251Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1252# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 1253# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 1254# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1255# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks. 1256Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1257Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1258Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1259Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1260# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1261Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 1262 2:00 Syria EE%sT 1263 1264# Tajikistan 1265# From Shanks. 1266# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1267Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1268 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 1269 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1270 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 1271 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 1272 1273# Thailand 1274# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1275Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 1276 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 1277 7:00 - ICT 1278 1279# Turkmenistan 1280# From Shanks. 1281# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1282Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 1283 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 1284 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 1285 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 1286 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1287 5:00 - TMT 1288 1289# United Arab Emirates 1290# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1291Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 1292 4:00 - GST 1293 1294# Uzbekistan 1295# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1296Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1297 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 1298 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 1299 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 1300 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time 1301 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1302 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1303 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1304 5:00 - UZT 1305Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1306 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 1307 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1308 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1309 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1310 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1311 5:00 - UZT 1312 1313# Vietnam 1314# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 1315# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long. 1316# We'll stick with the traditional name for now. 1317# From Shanks: 1318# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1319Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 1320 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1321 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1322 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1323 7:00 - ICT 1324 1325# Yemen 1326# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1327Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 1328 3:00 - AST 1329