asia revision 198825
1# @(#)asia 8.44 2# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 4 5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 8 9# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 10# 11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 14# 15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 19# of the IATA's data after 1990. 20# 21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 23# 24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 26# I found in the UCLA library. 27# 28# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 29# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 30# 31# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 32# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 33# Corrections are welcome! 34# std dst 35# LMT Local Mean Time 36# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 37# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 38# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 39# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 40# 4:00 GST Gulf* 41# 5:30 IST India 42# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 43# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 44# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 45# 8:00 CST China 46# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 47# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 48# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 49# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 50# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 51# 52# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 53 54# From Guy Harris: 55# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 56# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 57# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 58# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 59 60############################################################################### 61 62# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 63# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 64Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 65Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 66Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 67Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 68Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 69Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 70Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 71Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 72Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 74Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 75Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 76Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 77Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 78Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 79 80# Afghanistan 81# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 82Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 83 4:00 - AFT 1945 84 4:30 - AFT 85 86# Armenia 87# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 88# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 89# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 90# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 91# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 92# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 93# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 94# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 95# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 96# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 97Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 98 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 99 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 100 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 101 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 102 4:00 - AMT 1997 103 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 104 105# Azerbaijan 106# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 107# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 108# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 109# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 110Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 111Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 112# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 113Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 114 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 115 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 116 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 117 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 118 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 119 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 120 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 121 122# Bahrain 123# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 124Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 125 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 126 3:00 - AST 127 128# Bangladesh 129# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 130# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 131# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 132# 133# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 134# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 135# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 136# </a> 137# or 138# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 139# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 140# </a> 141# 142# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 143# June 144# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 145# crippling power crisis. " 146# 147# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 148# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 149 150# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 151# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 152# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 153# 154# Some sources: 155# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 156# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 157# </a> 158# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 159# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 160# </a> 161# 162# Our wrap-up: 163# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 164# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 165# </a> 166 167# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 168# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 169# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 170# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 171# 172# No DST end date has been announced yet. 173 174# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 175# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 176# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 177# 178# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 179# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 180# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021"> 181# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 182# </a> 183# or 184# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html"> 185# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 186# </a> 187 188# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 189# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 190# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 191# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 192# "continue for an indefinite period." 193# 194# One of many places where it is published: 195# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html"> 196# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 197# </a> 198 199# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 200Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 201 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 202 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 203 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 204 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 205 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 206 6:00 - BDT 2009 Jun 19 23:00 # Bangladesh Time 207 6:00 1:00 BDST 208 209# Bhutan 210# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 211Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 212 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 213 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 214 215# British Indian Ocean Territory 216# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 217# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 218# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 219# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 220# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 221# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 222Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 223 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 224 6:00 - IOT 225 226# Brunei 227# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 228Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 229 7:30 - BNT 1933 230 8:00 - BNT 231 232# Burma / Myanmar 233# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 234Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 235 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 236 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 237 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 238 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 239 240# Cambodia 241# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 242Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 243 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 244 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 245 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 246 7:00 - ICT 247 248# China 249 250# From Guy Harris: 251# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 252 253# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 254# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 255# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 256# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 257# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 258# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 259# 260# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 261# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 262# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 263# 264# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 265# 1987 mid-April - ?? 266 267# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 268# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 269# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 270 271# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 272# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 273# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 274# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 275# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 276# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 277# pre-1980 time zones. 278 279# From Shanks & Pottenger: 280# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 281Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 282Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 283Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 284Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 285Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 286Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 287 288# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 289# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 290# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 291# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 292# 293# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 294# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 295# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 296# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 297# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 298# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 299# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 300# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 301# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 302# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 303 304# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 305# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 306# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 307# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 308# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 309# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 310# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 311# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 312# 313# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 314# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 315# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 316# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 317# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 318# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 319# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 320# 321# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 322# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 323# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 324# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 325# Shanks & Pottenger. 326 327# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 328# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 329# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 330Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 331 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 332 8:00 - CST 1940 333 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 334 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 335 8:00 PRC C%sT 336# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 337# most of China 338Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 339 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 340 8:00 PRC C%sT 341# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 342# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 343# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 344# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 345# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 346Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 347 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 348 8:00 PRC C%sT 349# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 350# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 351# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 352# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 353# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 354# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 355# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 356# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 357# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 358Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 359 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 360 8:00 PRC C%sT 361# Kunlun Time 362# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 363# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 364# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 365# and Yarkand. 366Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 367 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 368 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 369 8:00 PRC C%sT 370 371 372# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 373# I found there are some mistakes for the historial DST rule for Hong 374# Kong. Accoring to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 375# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 376# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 377# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 378# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 379# obtained from 380# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 381# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 382# </a>. 383 384# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 385# Here are the dates given at 386# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 387# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 388# </a> 389# as of 2009-10-28: 390# Year Period 391# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep 392# 1942 Whole year 393# 1943 Whole year 394# 1944 Whole year 395# 1945 Whole year 396# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 397# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec 398# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 399# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 400# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 401# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 402# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct 403# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 404# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 405# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 406# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 407# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 408# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 409# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 410# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 411# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 412# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 413# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 414# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 415# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 416# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 417# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 418# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 419# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 420# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 421# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 422# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 423# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 424# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 425# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 426# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 427# 1977 Nil 428# 1978 Nil 429# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 430# 1980 to Now Nil 431# The page does not give start or end times of day. 432# The page does not give a start date for 1942. 433# The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 434# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 435# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 436# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 437 438# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 439# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 440Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 441Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 442Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 443Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 444Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 445Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 446Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 447Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 448Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 449Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 450Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 451Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 452Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 453Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 454Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 455Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 456Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 457Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 458Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 459# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 460Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 461 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 462 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 463 8:00 HK HK%sT 464 465############################################################################### 466 467# Taiwan 468 469# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 470# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 471# have any other information. 472 473# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 474Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 475Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 476Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 477Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 478Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 479Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 480Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 481Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 482Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 483Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 484Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 485# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 486Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 487 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 488 489# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 490# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 491Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 492Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 493Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 494Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 495Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 496Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 497Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 498Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 499Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 500Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 501Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 502Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 503Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 504Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 505# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 506Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 507 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 508 8:00 PRC C%sT 509 510 511############################################################################### 512 513# Cyprus 514# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 515Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 516Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 517Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 518Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 519Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 520Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 521Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 522Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 523Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 524# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 525Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 526 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 527 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 528# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 529 530# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 531# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 532Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 533 534# Georgia 535# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 536# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 537# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 538# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 539# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 540# 541# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 542# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 543# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 544# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 545# 546# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 547# 548# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 549# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 550# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 551# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 552# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 553# of integration into Europe. 554 555# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 556# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 557# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 558# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 559# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 560# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 561# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 562# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 563# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 564 565 566# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 567Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 568 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 569 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 570 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 571 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 572 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 573 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 574 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 575 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 576 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 577 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 578 4:00 - GET 579 580# East Timor 581 582# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 583 584# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 585# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 586# East Timor may be late for its millennium 587# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 588# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 589# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 590# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 591# conflicts with their way of life. 592 593# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 594# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 595# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 596 597# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 598# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 599# (2000-08-16)</a>: 600# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 601# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 602# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 603# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 604 605# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 606Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 607 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 608 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 609 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 610 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 611 9:00 - TLT 612 613# India 614# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 615Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 616 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 617 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 618 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 619 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 620 5:30 - IST 621# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 622# Andaman Is 623# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 624# Nicobar Is 625 626# Indonesia 627# 628# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 629# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 630# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 631# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 632# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 633# 634# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 635# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 636# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 637# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 638# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 639# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 640# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 641# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 642# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 643# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 644# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 645# switched on 1945-09-23. 646# 647# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 648Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 649# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 650# but this must be a typo. 651 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 652 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 653 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 654 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 655 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 656 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 657 7:30 - WIT 1964 658 7:00 - WIT 659Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 660 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 661 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 662 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 663 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 664 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 665 7:30 - WIT 1964 666 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 667 7:00 - WIT 668Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 669 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 670 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 671 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 672 8:00 - CIT 673Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 674 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 675 9:30 - CST 1964 676 9:00 - EIT 677 678# Iran 679 680# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 681# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 682# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 683# 684# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 685# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 686# 687# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 688# 689# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 690# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 691# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 692# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 693# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 694# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 695# 696# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 697# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 698# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 699# Shahrivar. 700# 701# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 702# 703# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 704# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 705# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 706# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 707# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 708# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 709# 710# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 711# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 712# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 713# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 714# plan to change that law.... 715# 716# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 717# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 718# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 719# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 720# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 721# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 722# 723# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 724# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 725# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 726# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 727# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 728# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 729# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 730# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 731# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 732# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 733# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 734# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 735# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 736# 737# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 738# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 739# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 740# 741# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 742# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 743# daylight saving time ... 744# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 745# 746# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 747# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 748# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 749# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 750# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 751# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 752# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 753# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 754# 755# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 756Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 757Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 758Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 759Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 760Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 761Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 762Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 763Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 764Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 765Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 766Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 767Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 768Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 769Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 770Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 771Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 772Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 773Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 774Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 775Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 776Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 777Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 778Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 779Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 780Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 781Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 782Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 783Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 784Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 785Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 786Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 787Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 788Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 789Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 790Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 791Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 792Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 793Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 794Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 795Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 796Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 797Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 798Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 799Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 800Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 801Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 802Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 803Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 804Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 805# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 806Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 807 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 808 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 809 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 810 3:30 Iran IR%sT 811 812 813# Iraq 814# 815# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 816# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 817# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 818# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 819# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 820# 821# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 822# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 823# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 824# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 825# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 826# 827# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 828 829# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 830# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 831# news sources (in Arabic): 832# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 833# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 834# </a> 835# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 836# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 837# </a> 838# 839# We have published a short article in English about the change: 840# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 841# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 842# </a> 843 844# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 845Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 846Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 847Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 848Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 849Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 850Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 851# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 852# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 853# 854Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 855Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 856# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 857Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 858 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 859 3:00 - AST 1982 May 860 3:00 Iraq A%sT 861 862 863############################################################################### 864 865# Israel 866 867# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 868# 869# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 870# different abbreviations in use: 871# 872# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 873# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 874# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 875# 876# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 877# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 878# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 879# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 880# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 881# settings in Israeli computers. 882# 883# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 884# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 885# family is from India). 886 887# From Shanks & Pottenger: 888# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 889Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 890Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 891Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 892Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 893Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 894Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 895Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 896Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 897Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 898Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 899Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 900Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 901Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 902Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 903Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 904Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 905Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 906Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 907Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 908Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 909Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 910Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 911Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 912Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 913Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 914Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 915Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 916Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 917Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 918Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 919Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 920Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 921Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 922Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 923Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 924Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 925Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 926Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 927Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 928Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 929 930# From Ephraim Silverberg 931# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 932# and 2005-02-17): 933 934# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 935# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 936# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 937# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 938# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 939# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 940# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 941# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 942# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 943# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 944# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 945# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 946# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 947# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 948# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 949# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 950# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 951# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 952# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 953# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 954# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 955# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 956 957# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 958Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 959Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 960Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 961Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 962Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 963Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 964Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 965Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 966Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 967Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 968 969# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 970# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 971# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 972 973# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 974Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 975Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 976Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 977Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 978 979# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 980# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 981# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 982# 983# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 984# 985# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 986# 987# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 988# 989# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 990# 991# where YYYY is the relevant year. 992 993# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 994Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 995Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 996Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 997Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 998Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 999Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1000Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 1001Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 1002 1003# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 1004# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 1005# years 2001-2004 as well. 1006# 1007# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 1008# 1009# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 1010# 1011# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 1012# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 1013# 1014# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 1015 1016# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1017Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 1018Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 1019Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 1020Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 1021Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 1022Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 1023Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 1024Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 1025Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 1026Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 1027 1028# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 1029# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 1030# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 1031# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 1032# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 1033# 1034# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 1035# 1036# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 1037 1038# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 1039# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 1040# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 1041# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 1042# to generate the transitions in this list. 1043# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 1044# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 1045# 1046# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1047# 1048# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1049# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1050# springtime transitions explicitly. 1051 1052# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1053Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1054Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1055Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1056Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1057Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1058Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1059Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1060Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1061Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1062Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1063Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1064Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1065Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 1066Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1067Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 1068Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1069Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1070Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1071Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1072Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1073Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1074Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1075Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1076Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1077Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1078Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1079Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1080Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1081Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1082Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 1083Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 1084Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 1085Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1086Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 1087Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 1088Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1089Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1090Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1091Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1092Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 1093Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 1094Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1095Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 1096 1097# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1098Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1099 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1100 2:00 Zion I%sT 1101 1102 1103 1104############################################################################### 1105 1106# Japan 1107 1108# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1109 1110# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1111# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1112# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1113# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1114 1115# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1116# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1117# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1118# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1119# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1120# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1121# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1122# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1123# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1124# wanted to keep it.) 1125 1126# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1127# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1128# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1129Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1130Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1131Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1132Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1133# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1134# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1135# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1136# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1137 1138# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1139# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1140# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1141# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1142# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1143# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1144# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1145 1146# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1147# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1148# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1149# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1150# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1151# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1152# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1153# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1154# standard.... 1155# 1156# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1157# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1158 1159# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1160# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1161# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1162 1163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1164Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1165 9:00 - JST 1896 1166 9:00 - CJT 1938 1167 9:00 Japan J%sT 1168# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1169 1170# Jordan 1171# 1172# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1173# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1174# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1175# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1176# all year round. 1177# 1178# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1179# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1180# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1181# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1182# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1183# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1184# 1185# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1186# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1187# 1188# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1189# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1190# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1191# 1192# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1193# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1194# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1195# 1196 1197# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1198# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1199# Jordan. 1200# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1201# saving 1202# time on the last Thursday in March. 1203# 1204# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1205# 1206# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1207# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1208# Please see 1209# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1210# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1211# </a> 1212 1213# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1214# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1215# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1216# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1217# </a> 1218# 1219# Google's translation: 1220# 1221# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1222# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1223# > of the month of March of each year. 1224# 1225# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1226 1227# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1228# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1229 1230# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1231Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1232Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1233Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1234Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1235Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1236Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1237Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1238Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1239Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1240Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1241Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1242Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1243Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1244Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1245Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1246Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1247Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1248Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1249Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1250Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1251Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1252Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1253Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1254Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1255Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1256Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1257Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1258Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1259# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1260Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1261 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1262 1263 1264# Kazakhstan 1265 1266# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1267# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1268# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1269# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1270# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1271# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1272 1273# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1274# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1275# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1276# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1277# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1278# 1279# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1280# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1281# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1282 1283# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1284# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1285# </a> 1286# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1287# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1288# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1289# 1290# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1291# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1292# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1293# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1294# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1295# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1296# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1297# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1298# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1299 1300# 1301# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1302# 1303# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1304Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1305 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1306 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1307 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1308 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1309 6:00 - ALMT 1310# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1311Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1312 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1313 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1314 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1315 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1316 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1317 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1318 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1319 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1320 6:00 - QYZT 1321# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1322Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1323 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1324 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1325 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1326 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1327 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1328 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1329 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1330 5:00 - AQTT 1331# Mangghystau 1332# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1333# so include time stamps before 1963. 1334Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1335 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1336 5:00 - FORT 1963 1337 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1338 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1339 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1340 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1341 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1342 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1343 5:00 - AQTT 1344# West Kazakhstan 1345Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1346 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1347 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1348 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1349 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1350 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1351 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1352 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1353 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1354 5:00 - ORAT 1355 1356# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1357# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1358 1359# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1360# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1361# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1362# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1363# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1364# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1365# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1366# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1367 1368# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1369Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1370Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1371Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1372Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1373# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1374Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1375 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1376 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1377 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1378 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1379 6:00 - KGT 1380 1381############################################################################### 1382 1383# Korea (North and South) 1384 1385# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1386# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1387# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1388# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1389# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1390# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1391 1392# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1393# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1394Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1395Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1396Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1397Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1398 1399# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1400Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1401 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1402 9:00 - KST 1928 1403 8:30 - KST 1932 1404 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1405 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1406 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1407 9:00 ROK K%sT 1408Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1409 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1410 9:00 - KST 1928 1411 8:30 - KST 1932 1412 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1413 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1414 9:00 - KST 1415 1416############################################################################### 1417 1418# Kuwait 1419# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1420# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1421# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1422# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1423# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1424# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1425# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1426# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1427# so for now we assume no DST. 1428Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1429 3:00 - AST 1430 1431# Laos 1432# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1433Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1434 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1435 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1436 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1437 7:00 - ICT 1438 1439# Lebanon 1440# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1441Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1442Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1443Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1444Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1445Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1446Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1447Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1448Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1449Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1450Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1451Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1452Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1453Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1454Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1455Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1456Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1457Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1458Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1459Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1460Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1461Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1462Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1463Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1464Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1465# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1466Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1467 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1468 1469# Malaysia 1470# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1471Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1472Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1473# 1474# peninsular Malaysia 1475# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1476# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1477# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1478Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1479 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1480 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1481 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1482 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1483 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1484 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1485 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1486 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1487# Sabah & Sarawak 1488# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1489# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1490# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1491# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1492Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1493 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1494 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1495 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1496 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1497 8:00 - MYT 1498 1499# Maldives 1500# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1501Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1502 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1503 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1504 1505# Mongolia 1506 1507# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1508# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1509# both say that it has just one. 1510 1511# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1512# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1513# General Information Mongolia 1514# </a> (1999-09) 1515# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1516# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1517# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1518# eight hours." 1519 1520# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1521# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1522# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1523# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1524# of implementation may have been different.... 1525# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1526# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1527# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1528 1529# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1530# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1531# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1532# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1533# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1534# is good enough for our purposes. 1535 1536# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1537# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1538# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1539# there are three time zones. 1540# 1541# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1542# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1543# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1544# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1545# 1546# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1547 1548# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1549# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1550# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1551# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1552# 1553# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1554# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1555# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1556 1557# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1558# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1559# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1560# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1561# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1562# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1563# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1564# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1565# He also found 1566# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1567# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1568# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1569# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1570# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1571# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1572# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1573# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1574 1575# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1576# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1577# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1578# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1579 1580# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1581# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1582# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1583# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1584# database on this, e.g.: 1585# 1586# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1587# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1588# </a> 1589# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1590# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1591# </a> 1592# 1593# both say GMT+08:00. 1594 1595# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1596# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1597# schedule here: 1598# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1599# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1600# </a> 1601# (click the English flag for English) 1602# 1603# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1604# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1605# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1606# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1607# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1608# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1609 1610# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1611# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1612# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1613# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1614# this is almost surely wrong. 1615 1616# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1617Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1618Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1619# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1620# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1621# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1622# 1623# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1624# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1625# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1626# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1627# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1628# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1629 1630Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1631Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1632# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1633Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1634Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1635Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1636 1637# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1638# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1639Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1640 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1641 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1642# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1643Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1644 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1645 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1646# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1647# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1648Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1649 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1650 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1651 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1652 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1653 1654# Nepal 1655# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1656Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1657 5:30 - IST 1986 1658 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1659 1660# Oman 1661# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1662Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1663 4:00 - GST 1664 1665# Pakistan 1666 1667# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1668# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1669# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1670# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1671# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1672# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1673 1674# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1675# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1676# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1677# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1678# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1679# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1680# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1681# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1682# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1683# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1684# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1685 1686# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1687# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1688# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1689 1690# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1691# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1692# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1693# 1694# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1695# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1696# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1697# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1698# 1699# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1700# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1701 1702# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1703# 1704# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1705# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1706# 1707# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1708# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1709# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1710# ...." 1711# 1712# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1713# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1714# </a> 1715# OR 1716# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1717# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1718# </a> 1719 1720# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1721# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1722 1723# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1724# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1725# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1726# instead of August 31. 1727# 1728# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1729# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1730# </a> 1731# OR 1732# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1733# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1734# </a> 1735 1736# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1737# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1738# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1739# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1740# official working." 1741# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1742# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1743# </a> 1744# 1745# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1746# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1747# 1748# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1749# April 08, 2009 1750# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1751# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1752# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1753# </a> 1754# 1755# or 1756# 1757# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1758# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1759# </a> 1760# 1761# .... 1762# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1763# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1764# conserve energy" 1765 1766# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 1767# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 1768# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 1769# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 1770# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 1771# this regard." 1772# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168"> 1773# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 1774# </a> 1775 1776# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 1777# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1778# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1779# 1, 2009. 1780# 1781# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 1782# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2"> 1783# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 1784# </a> 1785# or 1786# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm"> 1787# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 1788# </a> 1789 1790# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 1791# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: 1792# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1793# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1794# > 1, 2009. 1795# 1796# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 1797# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742"> 1798# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 1799# </a> 1800# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 1801# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 1802# Monday." 1803# 1804# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 1805# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 1806# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 1807# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 1808# 1809# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 1810# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 1811# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html"> 1812# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 1813# </a> 1814 1815# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01): 1816# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 1817# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 1818 1819# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1820Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1821Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1822Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1823Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1824Rule Pakistan 2009 max - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1825Rule Pakistan 2009 max - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1826# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1827Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1828 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1829 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1830 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1831 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1832 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1833 1834# Palestine 1835 1836# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1837# 1838# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1839# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1840# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1841# 1842# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1843# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1844# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1845# though. 1846# 1847# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1848# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1849# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1850# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1851# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1852# East Jerusalem. 1853# 1854# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1855# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1856# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1857# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1858# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1859# 1860# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1861# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1862# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1863# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1864# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1865# Jordanian one). 1866# 1867# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1868# 1869# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1870# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1871# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1872# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1873# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1874# 1875# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1876# have one). 1877 1878# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1879# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1880# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1881# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1882# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1883# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1884# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1885# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1886# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1887# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1888# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1889 1890# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1891# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1892# 1893# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1894# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1895# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1896# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1897 1898# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1899# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1900# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1901# Holiday havoc 1902# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1903# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1904# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1905# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1906# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1907 1908# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1909# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1910 1911# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1912# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1913# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1914# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1915# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1916 1917# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1918# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1919# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1920# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1921# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1922# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1923# the West Bank. 1924 1925# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1926# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1927# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1928# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1929# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1930# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1931# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1932# because of the Ramadan. 1933 1934# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1935# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1936# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1937 1938# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1939# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1940# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1941# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1942# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1943# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1944 1945# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1946# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1947# 1948# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1949# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1950# 1951# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1952# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1953# </a> 1954# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1955# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1956# </a> 1957# or 1958# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1959# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1960# </a> 1961 1962# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1963# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1964# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1965# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1966# 1967# (in Arabic) 1968# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1969# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1970# </a> 1971# 1972# or 1973# (English translation) 1974# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1975# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1976# </a> 1977 1978# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 1979# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 1980# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 1981# 1982# One news source: 1983# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158"> 1984# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 1985# </a> 1986# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 1987# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 1988# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 1989# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 1990# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 1991# 1992# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 1993# end date, we will keep this page updated: 1994# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html"> 1995# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 1996# </a> 1997 1998# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 1999# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 2000# 2001# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 2002# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 2003# 2004# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 2005# (from Palestinian National Authority): 2006# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2007# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2008# </a> 2009# or 2010# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html> 2011# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 2012# </a> 2013 2014# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 2015# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2016Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2017Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2018Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2019Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2020Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2021Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2022 2023Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2024Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2025Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2026Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2027Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2028Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2029Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2030Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 2:00 0 - 2031Rule Palestine 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2032Rule Palestine 2009 max - Sep Fri>=1 2:00 0 - 2033 2034# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2035Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2036 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2037 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2038 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2039 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2040 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2041 2042# Paracel Is 2043# no information 2044 2045# Philippines 2046# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 2047# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 2048# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 2049# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 2050# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2051 2052# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2053# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2054# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2055# rainy season begins. See 2056# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 2057# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2058# 2059# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2060# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 2061# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 2062# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 2063# but no details] 2064 2065# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2066Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 2067Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 2068Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 2069Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 2070Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 2071Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 2072# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2073Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 2074 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 2075 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 2076 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 2077 8:00 Phil PH%sT 2078 2079# Qatar 2080# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2081Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 2082 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 2083 3:00 - AST 2084 2085# Saudi Arabia 2086# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2087Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 2088 3:00 - AST 2089 2090# Singapore 2091# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2092# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 2093# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2094Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2095 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2096 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2097 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2098 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2099 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2100 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2101 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2102 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2103 8:00 - SGT 2104 2105# Spratly Is 2106# no information 2107 2108# Sri Lanka 2109# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2110# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2111# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 2112# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2113# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2114# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 2115# 2116# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2117# by Shamindra in 2118# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 2119# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 2120# </a>: 2121# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2122# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2123 2124# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2125# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2126# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2127# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2128 2129# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 2130# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 2131# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2132# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2133# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2134# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2135# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2136# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2137 2138# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2139# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2140# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2141# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2142# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2143# 2144# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 2145# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2146# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2147# 2148# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2149# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2150# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2151# item.... 2152# 2153# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2154# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2155# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2156# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2157# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2158# 2159# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2160# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2161# all computers. 2162 2163# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2164# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2165# and then see what people actually say in practice. 2166 2167# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2168Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 2169 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 2170 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 2171 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 2172 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 2173 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 2174 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2175 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 2176 5:30 - IST 2177 2178# Syria 2179# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2180Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 2181Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 2182Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 2183Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2184Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2185Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2186Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2187Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2188Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2189Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2190Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2191Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2192Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2193Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2194Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2195Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2196Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2197Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2198Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2199Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2200Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2201Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2202Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2203Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2204Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2205Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2206Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2207Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2208# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2209# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2210# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2211# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2212# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2213# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2214Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2215Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2216Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2217Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2218# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2219# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2220# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2221Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2222# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2223# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2224# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2225Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2226# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2227# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2228# not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2229# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2230# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2231# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2232# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2233# 2234# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2235# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2236# 2237# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2238# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2239# 2240# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2241# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2242# 2243# which using Google's translate tools says: 2244# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2245# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2246# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2247Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2248 2249# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2250# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2251# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2252# are now using: 2253# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2254# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2255# Variation 2256# Syrian Arab 2257# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2258# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2259# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2260 2261# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2262# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2263# Agency (SANA)... 2264# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2265# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2266# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2267# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2268# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2269# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2270# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2271 2272# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2273# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2274# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2275# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2276# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2277 2278# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2279# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2280# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2281# 2282# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2283# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2284# clocks back 60 minutes). 2285# 2286# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2287# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2288# </a> 2289 2290# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2291# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2292# two examples: 2293# 2294# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2295# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2296# </a> 2297# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2298# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2299# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2300# </a> 2301# (Arabic, gov-site) 2302# 2303# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2304# 2305# Our summary 2306# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2307# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2308# </a> 2309 2310# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 2311# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 2312# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 2313# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 2314# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm"> 2315# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 2316# </a> 2317 2318# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 2319# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 2320# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 2321# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 2322 2323Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2324Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2325Rule Syria 2009 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2326Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 2327 2328# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2329Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2330 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2331 2332# Tajikistan 2333# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2334# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2335Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2336 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2337 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2338 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2339 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2340 2341# Thailand 2342# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2343Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2344 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2345 7:00 - ICT 2346 2347# Turkmenistan 2348# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2349# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2350Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2351 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2352 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2353 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2354 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2355 5:00 - TMT 2356 2357# United Arab Emirates 2358# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2359Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2360 4:00 - GST 2361 2362# Uzbekistan 2363# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2364Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2365 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2366 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2367 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2368 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2369 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2370 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2371 5:00 - UZT 2372Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2373 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2374 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2375 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2376 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2377 5:00 - UZT 2378 2379# Vietnam 2380 2381# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2382# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2383# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2384 2385# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2386# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2387Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2388 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2389 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2390 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2391 7:00 - ICT 2392 2393# Yemen 2394# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2395Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2396 3:00 - AST 2397