UPDATING revision 253305
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130709: 35 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 36 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 37 3820130709: 39 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 40 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 41 statistics, must be rebuilded (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 42 4320130629: 44 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 45 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 46 47 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 48 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 49 overloading the machine. 50 5120130618: 52 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 53 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 54 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 55 write access to that file. 56 5720130615: 58 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 59 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 60 6120130613: 62 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 63 64 make: illegal option -- J 65 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 66 ... 67 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 68 69 this likely due to an old instance of make in 70 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 71 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 72 you see the above error: 73 74 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 75 76 should resolve it. 77 7820130516: 79 Use bmake by default. 80 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 81 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 82 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 83 84 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 85 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 86 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 87 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 88 behavior in parallel build. 89 9020130429: 91 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 92 9320130426: 94 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 95 the IDEA patent expired. 96 9720130426: 98 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 99 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 100 enabled by default. 101 10220130425: 103 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 104 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 105 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 106 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 107 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 108 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 109 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 110 && make install). 111 11220130404: 113 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 114 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 115 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 116 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 117 and removed. 118 11920130319: 120 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 121 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 122 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 123 binaries will not work on older kernels. 124 12520130308: 126 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 127 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 128 12920130304: 130 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 131 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 132 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 133 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 134 is requested. 135 136 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 137 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 138 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 139 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 140 in /boot/loader.conf. 141 14220130301: 143 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 144 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 145 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 146 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 147 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 148 14920130208: 150 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 151 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 152 153 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 154 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 155 15620130129: 157 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 158 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 159 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 160 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 161 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 162 16320130121: 164 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 165 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 166 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 167 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 168 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 169 /etc/src.conf. 170 17120130118: 172 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 173 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 174 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 175 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 176 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 177 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 178 use is expected to be extremely rare. 179 18020121223: 181 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 182 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 183 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 184 18520121222: 186 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 187 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 188 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 189 be updated. 190 19120121217: 192 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 193 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 194 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 195 196 savecore_flags="" 197 19820121201: 199 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 200 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 201 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 202 20320121117: 204 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 205 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 206 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 207 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 208 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 209 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 210 21120121105: 212 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 213 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 214 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 215 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 216 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 217 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 218 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 219 branch point). 220 22120121102: 222 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 223 functionality now turned on by default. 224 22520121023: 226 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 227 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 228 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 229 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 230 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 231 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 232 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 233 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 234 of the two kernel options. 235 23620121023: 237 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 238 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 239 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 240 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 241 24220121022: 243 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 244 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 245 recompiled. 246 24720121018: 248 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 249 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 250 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 251 25220121016: 253 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 254 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 255 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 256 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 257 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 258 25920121015: 260 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 261 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 262 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 263 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 264 26520121014: 266 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 267 26820121013: 269 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 270 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 271 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 272 knob has also gone. 273 27420121006: 275 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 276 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 277 with new kernel. 278 27920121001: 280 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 281 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 282 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 283 28420120913: 285 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 286 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 287 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 288 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 289 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 290 configurations. 291 29220120908: 293 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 294 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 295 29620120828: 297 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 298 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 299 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 300 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 301 manual page. 302 30320120727: 304 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 305 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 306 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 307 30820120712: 309 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 310 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 311 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 312 31320120712: 314 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 315 with other variables: 316 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 317 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 318 31920120628: 320 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 321 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 322 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 323 installed as "bsdsort". 324 32520120611: 326 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 327 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 328 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 329 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 330 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 331 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 332 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 333 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 334 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 335 33620120417: 337 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 338 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 339 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 340 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 341 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 342 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 343 NAMESPACE section). 344 34520120328: 346 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 347 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 348 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 349 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 350 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 351 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 352 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 353 35420120306: 355 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 356 platforms. 357 35820120229: 359 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 360 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 361 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 362 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 363 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 364 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 365 36620120211: 367 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 368 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 369 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 370 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 371 comes from 20111215. 372 37320120114: 374 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 375 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 376 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 377 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 378 379 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 380 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 381 38220120109: 383 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 384 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 385 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 386 tunable/sysctl. 387 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 388 38920111215: 390 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 391 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 392 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 393 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 394 not supported anymore. 395 396 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 397 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 398 need to be recompiled. 399 40020111122: 401 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 402 /dev/wmistat0. 403 40420111108: 405 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 406 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 407 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 408 time. 409 41020111101: 411 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 412 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 413 41420110930: 415 sysinstall has been removed 416 41720110923: 418 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 419 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 420 42120110913: 422 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 423 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 424 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 425 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 426 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 427 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 428 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 429 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 430 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 431 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 432 43320110828: 434 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 435 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 436 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 437 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 438 43920110815: 440 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 441 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 442 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 443 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 444 445 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 446 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 447 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 448 44920110628: 450 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 451 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 452 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 453 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 454 45520110608: 456 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 457 machdep.hlt_cpus 458 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 459 The following sysctl is retired: 460 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 461 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 462 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 463 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 464 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 465 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 466 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 467 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 468 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 469 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 470 a default scheduler. 471 47220110607: 473 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 474 a mask of CPUs. 475 47620110531: 477 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 478 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 479 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 480 world. 481 48220110513: 483 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 484 48520110503: 486 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 487 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 488 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 489 drivers need to be recompiled. 490 491 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 492 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 493 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 494 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 495 branches. 496 49720110430: 498 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 499 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 500 50120110427: 502 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 503 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 504 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 505 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 506 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 507 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 508 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 509 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 510 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 511 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 512 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 513 514 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 515 516 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 517 a diskless root fs use the old client. 518 51920110424: 520 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 521 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 522 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 523 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 524 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 525 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 526 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 527 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 528 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 529 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 530 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 531 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 532 533 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 534 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 535 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 536 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 537 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 538 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 539 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 540 them are parts of the cam module. 541 542 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 543 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 544 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 545 546 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 547 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 548 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 549 options ATA_CAM 550 device ahci 551 device mvs 552 device siis 553 , and instead add back: 554 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 555 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 556 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 557 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 558 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 559 56020110423: 561 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 562 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 563 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 564 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 565 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 566 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 567 56820110418: 569 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 570 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 571 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 572 57320110331: 574 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 575 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 576 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 577 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 578 in order to use ath on everything else. 579 580 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 581 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 582 58320110314: 584 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 585 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 586 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 587 58820110218: 589 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 590 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 591 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 592 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 593 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 594 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 595 59620110218: 597 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 598 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 599 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 600 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 601 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 602 authentication). 603 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 604 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 605 60620110207: 607 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 608 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 609 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 610 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 611 The function remains undocumented. 612 61320110112: 614 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 615 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 616 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 617 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 618 systems where the define is not present can check against 619 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 620 621 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 622 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 623 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 624 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 625 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 626 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 627 62820110103: 629 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 630 the following warning: 631 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 632 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 633 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 634 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 635 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 636 install it on your system. 637 638 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 639 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 640 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 641 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 642 64320101228: 644 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 645 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 646 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 647 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 648 be recompiled. 649 65020101114: 651 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 652 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 653 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 654 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 655 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 656 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 657 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 658 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 659 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 660 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 661 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 662 it, for example via: 663 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 664 665 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 666 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 667 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 668 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 669 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 670 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 671 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 672 673 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 674 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 675 67620101111: 677 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 678 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 679 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 680 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 681 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 682 68320101002: 684 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 685 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 686 migrate local entries to the new format. 687 68820100928: 689 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 690 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 691 upstream sshd. 692 69320100915: 694 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 695 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 696 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 697 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 698 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 699 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 700 70120100913: 702 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 703 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 704 705 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 706 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 707 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 708 default is "AUTO". 709 710 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 711 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 712 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 713 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 714 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 715 716 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 717 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 718 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 719 72020100913: 721 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 722 now i386 and amd64 only. 723 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 724 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 725 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 726 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 727 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 728 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 729 73020100725: 731 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 732 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 733 73420100722: 735 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 736 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 737 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 738 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 739 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 740 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 741 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 742 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 743 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 744 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 745 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 746 74720100713: 748 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 749 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 750 machine powerpc powerpc 751 752 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 753 after this change. 754 75520100713: 756 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 757 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 758 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 759 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 760 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 761 76220100429: 763 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 764 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 765 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 766 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 767 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 768 76920100402: 770 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 771 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 772 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 773 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 774 WITH_CTF=yes"). 775 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 776 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 777 to unwanted behavior. 778 77920100311: 780 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 781 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 782 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 783 be modified accordingly. 784 78520100113: 786 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 787 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 788 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 789 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 790 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 791 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 792 793 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 794 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 795 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 796 use of utmpx. 797 798 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 799 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 800 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 801 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 802 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 803 80420100108: 805 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 806 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 807 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 808 80920091202: 810 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 811 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 812 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 813 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 814 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 815 816 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 817 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 818 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 819 820 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 821 82220091125: 823 8.0-RELEASE. 824 82520091113: 826 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 827 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 828 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 829 operation of applications on the console. 830 831 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 832 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 833 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 834 cons25. 835 836 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 837 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 838 performed by syscons(4). 839 84020091109: 841 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 842 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 843 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 844 845 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 846 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 847 new structure. 848 84920091025: 850 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 851 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 852 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 853 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 854 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 855 iwn5150fw. 856 85720090926: 858 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 859 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 860 861 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 862 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 863 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 864 865 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 866 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 867 868 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 869 they are obsolete. 870 871 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 872 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 873 874 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 875 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 876 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 877 878 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 879 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 880 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 881 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 882 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 883 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 884 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 885 using ifconfig(8) like: 886 887 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 888 889 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 890 IPv6-preferred. 891 892 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 893 894 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 895 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 896 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 897 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 898 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 899 90020090922: 901 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 902 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 903 90420090912: 905 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 906 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 907 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 908 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 909 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 910 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 911 91220090910: 913 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 914 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 915 91620090825: 917 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 918 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 919 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 920 is 1000. 921 92220090813: 923 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 924 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 925 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 926 92720090803: 928 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 929 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 930 93120090719: 932 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 933 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 934 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 935 93620090714: 937 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 938 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 939 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 940 94120090713: 942 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 943 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 944 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 945 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 946 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 947 94820090712: 949 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 950 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 951 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 952 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 953 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 954 95520090630: 956 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 957 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 958 may need to be adjusted. 959 96020090629: 961 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 962 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 963 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 964 with routing sockets. 965 96620090628: 967 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 968 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 969 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 970 97120090624: 972 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 973 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 974 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 975 800100. 976 97720090622: 978 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 979 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 980 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 981 98220090619: 983 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 984 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 985 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 986 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 987 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 988 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 989 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 990 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 991 992 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 993 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 994 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 995 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 996 authentication method is used. 997 99820090616: 999 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1000 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1001 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1002 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1003 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1004 100520090613: 1006 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1007 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1008 100920090611: 1010 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1011 be rebuilt. 1012 101320090608: 1014 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1015 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1016 101720090602: 1018 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1019 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1020 102120090601: 1022 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1023 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1024 re-compiled. 1025 102620090601: 1027 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1028 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1029 rebuilt. 1030 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1031 103220090530: 1033 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1034 more valid. 1035 103620090530: 1037 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1038 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1039 104020090529: 1041 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1042 rebuilt. 1043 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1044 104520090528: 1046 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1047 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1048 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1049 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1050 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1051 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1052 105320090527: 1054 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1055 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1056 105720090523: 1058 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1059 need to be rebuilt. 1060 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1061 106220090523: 1063 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1064 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1065 106620090520: 1067 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1068 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1069 107020090520: 1071 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1072 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1073 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1074 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1075 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1076 107720090430: 1078 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1079 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1080 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1081 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1082 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1083 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1084 108520090429: 1086 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1087 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1088 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1089 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1090 1091 For kernel developers: 1092 1093 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1094 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1095 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1096 1097 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1098 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1099 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1100 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1101 1102 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1103 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1104 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1105 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1106 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1107 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1108 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1109 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1110 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1111 multicast membership on-link. 1112 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1113 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1114 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1115 1116 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1117 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1118 stack. 1119 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1120 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1121 semantics. 1122 1123 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1124 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1125 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1126 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1127 1128 For application developers: 1129 1130 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1131 stack. 1132 1133 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1134 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1135 1136 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1137 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1138 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1139 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1140 1141 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1142 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1143 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1144 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1145 Multicast Source Filters'. 1146 1147 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1148 1149 For systems administrators: 1150 1151 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1152 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1153 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1154 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1155 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1156 1157 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1158 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1159 1160 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1161 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1162 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1163 recommended for optimal system performance. 1164 1165 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1166 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1167 back forwarded datagrams. 1168 1169 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1170 117120090422: 1172 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1173 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1174 117520090419: 1176 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1177 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1178 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1179 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1180 118120090415: 1182 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1183 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1184 state will require a world rebuild. 1185 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1186 118720090415: 1188 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1189 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1190 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1191 119220090414: 1193 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1194 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1195 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1196 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1197 load balancing. 1198 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1199 120020090408: 1201 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1202 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1203 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1204 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1205 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1206 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1207 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1208 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1209 121020090407: 1211 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1212 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1213 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1214 121520090320: 1216 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1217 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1218 introduces some changes: 1219 1220 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1221 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1222 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1223 1224 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1225 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1226 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1227 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1228 1229 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1230 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1231 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1232 the "386BSD" type). 1233 1234 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1235 123620090319: 1237 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1238 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1239 (supported by sane). 1240 124120090319: 1242 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1243 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1244 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1245 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1246 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1247 124820090315: 1249 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1250 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1251 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1252 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1253 used. 1254 125520090313: 1256 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1257 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1258 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1259 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1260 126120090313: 1262 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1263 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1264 126520090309: 1266 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1267 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1268 1269 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1270 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1271 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1272 1273 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1274 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1275 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1276 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1277 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1278 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1279 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1280 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1281 1282 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1283 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1284 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1285 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1286 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1287 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1288 1289 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1290 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1291 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1292 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1293 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1294 1295 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1296 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1297 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1298 via IGMP. 1299 1300 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1301 recompiled to reflect this. 1302 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1303 130420090309: 1305 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1306 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1307 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1308 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1309 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1310 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1311 131220090302: 1313 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1314 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1315 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1316 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1317 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1318 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1319 132020090301: 1321 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1322 network device driver modules. 1323 132420090227: 1325 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1326 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1327 132820090223: 1329 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1330 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1331 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1332 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1333 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1334 apply. 1335 133620090217: 1337 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1338 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1339 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1340 use the new name. 1341 134220090216: 1343 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1344 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1345 add 1346 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1347 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1348 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1349 135020090215: 1351 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1352 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1353 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1354 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1355 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1356 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1357 1358 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1359 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1360 be used for this: 1361 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1362 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1363 136420090209: 1365 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1366 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1367 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1368 136920090203: 1370 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1371 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1372 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1373 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1374 same interface. 1375 137620090201: 1377 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1378 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1379 138020090119: 1381 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1382 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1383 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1384 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1385 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1386 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1387 138820090115: 1389 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1390 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1391 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1392 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1393 139420081225: 1395 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1396 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1397 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1398 in next mpd5.3 release. 1399 140020081219: 1401 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1402 the base system (it was a port). 1403 140420081216: 1405 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1406 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1407 140820081214: 1409 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1410 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1411 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1412 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1413 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1414 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1415 none of the L2 information. 1416 141720081130: 1418 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1419 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1420 1421 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1422 1423 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1424 1425 device ath_hal 1426 1427 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1428 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1429 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1430 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1431 143220081121: 1433 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1434 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1435 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1436 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1437 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1438 packets. 1439 144020081117: 1441 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1442 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1443 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1444 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1445 144620081028: 1447 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1448 144920081009: 1450 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1451 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1452 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1453 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1454 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1455 1456 uhci_load="YES" 1457 ehci_load="YES" 1458 145920081009: 1460 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1461 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1462 sync. 1463 146420081009: 1465 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1466 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1467 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1468 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1469 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1470 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1471 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1472 147320080820: 1474 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1475 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1476 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1477 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1478 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1479 1480 PCI/ISA: 1481 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1482 1483 USB: 1484 ubser, ucycom 1485 1486 Line disciplines: 1487 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1488 1489 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1490 cause compilation to fail. 1491 149220080818: 1493 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1494 149520080801: 1496 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1497 1498 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1499 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1500 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1501 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1502 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1503 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1504 accepting the RSA key. 1505 1506 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1507 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1508 command line. 1509 1510 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1511 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1512 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1513 behavior. 1514 151520080713: 1516 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1517 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1518 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1519 1520 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1521 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1522 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1523 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1524 use the new device names. 1525 1526 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1527 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1528 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1529 at the loader prompt: 1530 1531 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1532 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1533 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1534 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1535 boot -s 1536 153720080609: 1538 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1539 disks instead. 1540 154120080603: 1542 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1543 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1544 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1545 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1546 154720080525: 1548 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1549 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1550 155120080509: 1552 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1553 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1554 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1555 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1556 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1557 155820080420: 1559 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1560 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1561 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1562 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1563 For example, change: 1564 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1565 to 1566 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1567 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1568 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1569 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1570 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1571 1572 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1573 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1574 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1575 157620080408: 1577 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1578 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1579 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1580 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1581 other operation levels. 1582 158320080312: 1584 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1585 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1586 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1587 compatibility with any prior release: 1588 1589 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1590 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1591 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1592 159320080301: 1594 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1595 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1596 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1597 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1598 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1599 nonetheless. 1600 160120080229: 1602 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1603 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1604 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1605 with older hardware easier to do. 1606 160720080220: 1608 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1609 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1610 161120080211: 1612 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1613 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1614 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1615 firewall rules. 1616 161720080208: 1618 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1619 mbuf chains. 1620 162120080126: 1622 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1623 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1624 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1625 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1626 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1627 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1628 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1629 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1630 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1631 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1632 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1633 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1634 163520080123: 1636 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1637 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1638 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1639 164020071128: 1641 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1642 functionality is the default now. 1643 164420071118: 1645 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1646 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1647 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1648 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1649 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1650 1651 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1652 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1653 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1654 165520071024: 1656 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1657 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1658 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1659 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1660 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1661 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1662 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1663 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1664 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1665 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1666 however. 1667 166820071020: 1669 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1670 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1671 used kproc_start().. 1672 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1673 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1674 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1675 167620071010: 1677 RELENG_7 branched. 1678 1679COMMON ITEMS: 1680 1681 General Notes 1682 ------------- 1683 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1684 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1685 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1686 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1687 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1688 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1689 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1690 1691 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1692 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1693 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1694 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1695 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1696 1697 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1698 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1699 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1700 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1701 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1702 1703 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1704 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1705 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1706 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1707 1708 ZFS notes 1709 --------- 1710 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1711 these two steps: 1712 1713 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1714 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1715 1716 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1717 1718 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1719 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1720 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1721 1722 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1723 1724 To build a kernel 1725 ----------------- 1726 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1727 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1728 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1729 1730 make kernel-toolchain 1731 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1732 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1733 1734 To test a kernel once 1735 --------------------- 1736 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1737 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1738 debugging information) run 1739 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1740 nextboot -k testkernel 1741 1742 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1743 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1744 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1745 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1746 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1747 1748 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1749 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1750 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1751 make depend 1752 make 1753 make install 1754 1755 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1756 1757 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1758 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1759 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1760 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1761 1762 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1763 make buildworld 1764 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1765 [1] 1766 <reboot in single user> [3] 1767 mergemaster -p [5] 1768 make installworld 1769 mergemaster -i [4] 1770 make delete-old [6] 1771 <reboot> 1772 1773 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1774 -------------------------------------------------- 1775 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1776 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1777 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1778 # size. 1779 1780 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1781 <boot into -stable> 1782 make buildworld 1783 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1784 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1785 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1786 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1787 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1788 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1789 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1790 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1791 <reboot into current> 1792 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1793 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1794 <reboot> 1795 1796 1797 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1798 ---------------------------------------------- 1799 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1800 make buildworld [9] 1801 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1802 [1] 1803 <reboot in single user> [3] 1804 mergemaster -p [5] 1805 make installworld 1806 mergemaster -i [4] 1807 make delete-old [6] 1808 <reboot> 1809 1810 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1811 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1812 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1813 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1814 the UPDATING entries. 1815 1816 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1817 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1818 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1819 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1820 much fewer pitfalls. 1821 1822 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1823 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1824 system on reboot. 1825 1826 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1827 fsck -p 1828 mount -u / 1829 mount -a 1830 cd src 1831 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1832 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1833 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1834 1835 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1836 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1837 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1838 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1839 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1840 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1841 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1842 1843 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1844 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1845 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1846 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1847 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1848 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1849 1850 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1851 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1852 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1853 1854 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1855 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1856 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1857 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1858 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1859 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1860 1861 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1862 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1863 1864 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1865 cvs prune empty directories. 1866 1867 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1868 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1869 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1870 1871 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1872 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1873 warn if it is improperly defined. 1874FORMAT: 1875 1876This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1877breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1878list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1879If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1880to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1881 1882Copyright information: 1883 1884Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1885 1886Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1887modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1888document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1889 1890THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1891IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1892WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1893DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1894INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1895(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1896SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1897HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1898STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1899IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1900POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1901 1902Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1903this document. 1904 1905$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 253305 2013-07-12 23:11:17Z bapt $ 1906