UPDATING revision 243443
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720121117: 28 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 29 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 30 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 31 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 32 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 33 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 34 3520121105: 36 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 37 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 38 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 39 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 40 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. 41 4220121102: 43 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 44 functionality now turned on by default. 45 4620121023: 47 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 48 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 49 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 50 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 51 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 52 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 53 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 54 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 55 of the two kernel options. 56 5720121023: 58 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 59 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 60 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 61 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 62 6320121022: 64 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 65 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 66 recompiled. 67 6820121018: 69 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 70 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 71 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 72 7320121016: 74 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 75 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 76 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 77 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 78 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 79 8020121015: 81 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 82 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 83 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 84 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 85 8620121014: 87 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 88 8920121013: 90 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 91 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 92 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 93 knob has also gone. 94 9520121006: 96 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 97 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 98 with new kernel. 99 10020121001: 101 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 102 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 103 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 104 10520120913: 106 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 107 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 108 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 109 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 110 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 111 configurations. 112 11320120908: 114 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 115 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 116 11720120828: 118 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 119 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 120 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 121 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 122 manual page. 123 12420120727: 125 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 126 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 127 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 128 12920120712: 130 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 131 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 132 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 133 13420120712: 135 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 136 with other variables: 137 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 138 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 139 14020120628: 141 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 142 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 143 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 144 installed as "bsdsort". 145 14620120611: 147 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 148 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 149 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 150 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 151 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 152 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 153 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 154 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 155 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 156 15720120417: 158 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 159 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 160 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 161 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 162 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 163 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 164 NAMESPACE section). 165 16620120328: 167 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 168 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 169 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 170 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 171 settings are unchanged. 172 17320120306: 174 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 175 platforms. 176 17720120229: 178 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 179 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 180 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 181 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 182 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 183 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 184 18520120211: 186 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 187 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 188 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 189 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 190 comes from 20111215. 191 19220120114: 193 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 194 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 195 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 196 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 197 198 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 199 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 200 20120120109: 202 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 203 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 204 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 205 tunable/sysctl. 206 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 207 20820111215: 209 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 210 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 211 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 212 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 213 not supported anymore. 214 215 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 216 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 217 need to be recompiled. 218 21920111122: 220 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 221 /dev/wmistat0. 222 22320111108: 224 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 225 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 226 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 227 time. 228 22920111101: 230 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 231 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 232 23320110930: 234 sysinstall has been removed 235 23620110923: 237 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 238 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 239 24020110913: 241 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 242 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 243 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 244 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 245 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 246 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 247 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 248 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 249 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 250 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 251 25220110828: 253 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 254 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 255 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 256 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 257 25820110815: 259 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 260 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 261 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 262 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 263 264 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 265 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 266 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 267 26820110628: 269 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 270 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 271 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 272 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 273 27420110608: 275 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 276 machdep.hlt_cpus 277 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 278 The following sysctl is retired: 279 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 280 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 281 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 282 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 283 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 284 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 285 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 286 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 287 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 288 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 289 a default scheduler. 290 29120110607: 292 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 293 a mask of CPUs. 294 29520110531: 296 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 297 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 298 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 299 world. 300 30120110513: 302 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 303 30420110503: 305 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 306 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 307 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 308 drivers need to be recompiled. 309 310 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 311 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 312 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 313 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 314 branches. 315 31620110430: 317 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 318 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 319 32020110427: 321 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 322 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 323 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 324 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 325 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 326 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 327 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 328 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 329 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 330 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 331 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 332 333 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 334 335 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 336 a diskless root fs use the old client. 337 33820110424: 339 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 340 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 341 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 342 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 343 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 344 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 345 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 346 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 347 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 348 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 349 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 350 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 351 352 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 353 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 354 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 355 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 356 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 357 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 358 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 359 them are parts of the cam module. 360 361 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 362 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 363 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 364 365 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 366 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 367 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 368 options ATA_CAM 369 device ahci 370 device mvs 371 device siis 372 , and instead add back: 373 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 374 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 375 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 376 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 377 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 378 37920110423: 380 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 381 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 382 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 383 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 384 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 385 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 386 38720110418: 388 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 389 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 390 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 391 39220110331: 393 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 394 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 395 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 396 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 397 in order to use ath on everything else. 398 399 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 400 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 401 40220110314: 403 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 404 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 405 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 406 40720110218: 408 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 409 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 410 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 411 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 412 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 413 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 414 41520110218: 416 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 417 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 418 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 419 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 420 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 421 authentication). 422 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 423 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 424 42520110207: 426 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 427 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 428 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 429 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 430 The function remains undocumented. 431 43220110112: 433 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 434 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 435 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 436 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 437 systems where the define is not present can check against 438 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 439 440 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 441 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 442 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 443 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 444 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 445 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 446 44720110103: 448 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 449 the following warning: 450 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 451 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 452 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 453 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 454 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 455 install it on your system. 456 457 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 458 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 459 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 460 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 461 46220101228: 463 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 464 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 465 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 466 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 467 be recompiled. 468 46920101114: 470 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 471 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 472 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 473 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 474 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 475 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 476 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 477 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 478 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 479 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 480 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 481 it, for example via: 482 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 483 484 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 485 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 486 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 487 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 488 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 489 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 490 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 491 492 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 493 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 494 49520101111: 496 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 497 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 498 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 499 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 500 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 501 50220101002: 503 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 504 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 505 migrate local entries to the new format. 506 50720100928: 508 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 509 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 510 upstream sshd. 511 51220100915: 513 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 514 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 515 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 516 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 517 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 518 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 519 52020100913: 521 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 522 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 523 524 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 525 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 526 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 527 default is "AUTO". 528 529 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 530 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 531 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 532 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 533 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 534 535 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 536 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 537 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 538 53920100913: 540 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 541 now i386 and amd64 only. 542 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 543 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 544 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 545 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 546 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 547 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 548 54920100725: 550 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 551 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 552 55320100722: 554 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 555 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 556 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 557 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 558 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 559 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 560 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 561 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 562 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 563 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 564 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 565 56620100713: 567 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 568 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 569 machine powerpc powerpc 570 571 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 572 after this change. 573 57420100713: 575 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 576 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 577 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 578 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 579 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 580 58120100429: 582 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 583 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 584 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 585 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 586 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 587 58820100402: 589 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 590 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 591 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 592 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 593 WITH_CTF=yes"). 594 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 595 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 596 to unwanted behavior. 597 59820100311: 599 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 600 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 601 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 602 be modified accordingly. 603 60420100113: 605 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 606 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 607 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 608 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 609 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 610 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 611 612 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 613 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 614 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 615 use of utmpx. 616 617 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 618 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 619 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 620 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 621 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 622 62320100108: 624 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 625 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 626 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 627 62820091202: 629 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 630 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 631 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 632 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 633 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 634 635 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 636 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 637 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 638 639 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 640 64120091125: 642 8.0-RELEASE. 643 64420091113: 645 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 646 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 647 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 648 operation of applications on the console. 649 650 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 651 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 652 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 653 cons25. 654 655 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 656 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 657 performed by syscons(4). 658 65920091109: 660 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 661 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 662 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 663 664 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 665 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 666 new structure. 667 66820091025: 669 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 670 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 671 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 672 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 673 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 674 iwn5150fw. 675 67620090926: 677 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 678 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 679 680 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 681 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 682 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 683 684 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 685 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 686 687 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 688 they are obsolete. 689 690 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 691 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 692 693 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 694 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 695 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 696 697 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 698 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 699 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 700 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 701 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 702 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 703 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 704 using ifconfig(8) like: 705 706 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 707 708 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 709 IPv6-preferred. 710 711 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 712 713 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 714 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 715 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 716 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 717 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 718 71920090922: 720 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 721 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 722 72320090912: 724 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 725 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 726 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 727 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 728 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 729 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 730 73120090910: 732 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 733 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 734 73520090825: 736 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 737 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 738 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 739 is 1000. 740 74120090813: 742 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 743 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 744 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 745 74620090803: 747 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 748 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 749 75020090719: 751 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 752 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 753 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 754 75520090714: 756 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 757 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 758 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 759 76020090713: 761 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 762 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 763 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 764 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 765 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 766 76720090712: 768 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 769 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 770 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 771 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 772 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 773 77420090630: 775 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 776 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 777 may need to be adjusted. 778 77920090629: 780 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 781 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 782 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 783 with routing sockets. 784 78520090628: 786 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 787 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 788 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 789 79020090624: 791 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 792 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 793 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 794 800100. 795 79620090622: 797 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 798 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 799 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 800 80120090619: 802 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 803 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 804 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 805 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 806 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 807 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 808 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 809 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 810 811 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 812 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 813 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 814 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 815 authentication method is used. 816 81720090616: 818 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 819 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 820 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 821 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 822 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 823 82420090613: 825 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 826 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 827 82820090611: 829 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 830 be rebuilt. 831 83220090608: 833 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 834 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 835 83620090602: 837 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 838 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 839 84020090601: 841 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 842 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 843 re-compiled. 844 84520090601: 846 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 847 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 848 rebuilt. 849 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 850 85120090530: 852 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 853 more valid. 854 85520090530: 856 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 857 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 858 85920090529: 860 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 861 rebuilt. 862 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 863 86420090528: 865 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 866 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 867 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 868 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 869 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 870 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 871 87220090527: 873 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 874 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 875 87620090523: 877 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 878 need to be rebuilt. 879 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 880 88120090523: 882 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 883 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 884 88520090520: 886 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 887 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 888 88920090520: 890 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 891 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 892 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 893 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 894 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 895 89620090430: 897 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 898 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 899 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 900 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 901 correctly checking networking state from userland. 902 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 903 90420090429: 905 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 906 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 907 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 908 follows the IPv4 implementation. 909 910 For kernel developers: 911 912 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 913 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 914 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 915 916 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 917 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 918 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 919 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 920 921 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 922 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 923 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 924 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 925 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 926 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 927 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 928 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 929 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 930 multicast membership on-link. 931 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 932 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 933 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 934 935 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 936 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 937 stack. 938 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 939 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 940 semantics. 941 942 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 943 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 944 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 945 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 946 947 For application developers: 948 949 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 950 stack. 951 952 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 953 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 954 955 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 956 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 957 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 958 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 959 960 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 961 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 962 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 963 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 964 Multicast Source Filters'. 965 966 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 967 968 For systems administrators: 969 970 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 971 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 972 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 973 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 974 returned by getifaddrs(3). 975 976 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 977 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 978 979 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 980 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 981 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 982 recommended for optimal system performance. 983 984 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 985 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 986 back forwarded datagrams. 987 988 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 989 99020090422: 991 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 992 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 993 99420090419: 995 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 996 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 997 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 998 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 999 100020090415: 1001 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1002 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1003 state will require a world rebuild. 1004 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1005 100620090415: 1007 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1008 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1009 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1010 101120090414: 1012 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1013 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1014 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1015 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1016 load balancing. 1017 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1018 101920090408: 1020 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1021 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1022 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1023 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1024 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1025 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1026 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1027 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1028 102920090407: 1030 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1031 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1032 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1033 103420090320: 1035 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1036 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1037 introduces some changes: 1038 1039 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1040 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1041 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1042 1043 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1044 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1045 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1046 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1047 1048 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1049 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1050 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1051 the "386BSD" type). 1052 1053 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1054 105520090319: 1056 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1057 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1058 (supported by sane). 1059 106020090319: 1061 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1062 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1063 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1064 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1065 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1066 106720090315: 1068 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1069 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1070 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1071 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1072 used. 1073 107420090313: 1075 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1076 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1077 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1078 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1079 108020090313: 1081 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1082 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1083 108420090309: 1085 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1086 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1087 1088 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1089 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1090 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1091 1092 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1093 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1094 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1095 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1096 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1097 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1098 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1099 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1100 1101 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1102 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1103 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1104 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1105 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1106 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1107 1108 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1109 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1110 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1111 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1112 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1113 1114 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1115 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1116 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1117 via IGMP. 1118 1119 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1120 recompiled to reflect this. 1121 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1122 112320090309: 1124 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1125 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1126 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1127 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1128 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1129 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1130 113120090302: 1132 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1133 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1134 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1135 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1136 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1137 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1138 113920090301: 1140 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1141 network device driver modules. 1142 114320090227: 1144 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1145 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1146 114720090223: 1148 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1149 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1150 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1151 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1152 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1153 apply. 1154 115520090217: 1156 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1157 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1158 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1159 use the new name. 1160 116120090216: 1162 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1163 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1164 add 1165 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1166 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1167 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1168 116920090215: 1170 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1171 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1172 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1173 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1174 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1175 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1176 1177 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1178 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1179 be used for this: 1180 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1181 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1182 118320090209: 1184 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1185 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1186 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1187 118820090203: 1189 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1190 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1191 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1192 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1193 same interface. 1194 119520090201: 1196 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1197 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1198 119920090119: 1200 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1201 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1202 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1203 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1204 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1205 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1206 120720090115: 1208 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1209 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1210 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1211 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1212 121320081225: 1214 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1215 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1216 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1217 in next mpd5.3 release. 1218 121920081219: 1220 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1221 the base system (it was a port). 1222 122320081216: 1224 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1225 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1226 122720081214: 1228 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1229 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1230 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1231 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1232 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1233 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1234 none of the L2 information. 1235 123620081130: 1237 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1238 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1239 1240 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1241 1242 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1243 1244 device ath_hal 1245 1246 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1247 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1248 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1249 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1250 125120081121: 1252 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1253 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1254 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1255 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1256 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1257 packets. 1258 125920081117: 1260 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1261 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1262 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1263 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1264 126520081028: 1266 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1267 126820081009: 1269 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1270 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1271 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1272 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1273 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1274 1275 uhci_load="YES" 1276 ehci_load="YES" 1277 127820081009: 1279 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1280 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1281 sync. 1282 128320081009: 1284 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1285 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1286 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1287 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1288 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1289 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1290 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1291 129220080820: 1293 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1294 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1295 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1296 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1297 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1298 1299 PCI/ISA: 1300 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1301 1302 USB: 1303 ubser, ucycom 1304 1305 Line disciplines: 1306 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1307 1308 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1309 cause compilation to fail. 1310 131120080818: 1312 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1313 131420080801: 1315 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1316 1317 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1318 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1319 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1320 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1321 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1322 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1323 accepting the RSA key. 1324 1325 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1326 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1327 command line. 1328 1329 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1330 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1331 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1332 behavior. 1333 133420080713: 1335 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1336 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1337 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1338 1339 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1340 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1341 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1342 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1343 use the new device names. 1344 1345 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1346 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1347 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1348 at the loader prompt: 1349 1350 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1351 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1352 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1353 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1354 boot -s 1355 135620080609: 1357 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1358 disks instead. 1359 136020080603: 1361 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1362 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1363 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1364 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1365 136620080525: 1367 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1368 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1369 137020080509: 1371 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1372 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1373 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1374 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1375 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1376 137720080420: 1378 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1379 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1380 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1381 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1382 For example, change: 1383 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1384 to 1385 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1386 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1387 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1388 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1389 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1390 1391 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1392 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1393 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1394 139520080408: 1396 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1397 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1398 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1399 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1400 other operation levels. 1401 140220080312: 1403 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1404 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1405 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1406 compatibility with any prior release: 1407 1408 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1409 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1410 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1411 141220080301: 1413 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1414 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1415 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1416 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1417 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1418 nonetheless. 1419 142020080229: 1421 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1422 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1423 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1424 with older hardware easier to do. 1425 142620080220: 1427 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1428 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1429 143020080211: 1431 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1432 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1433 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1434 firewall rules. 1435 143620080208: 1437 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1438 mbuf chains. 1439 144020080126: 1441 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1442 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1443 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1444 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1445 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1446 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1447 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1448 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1449 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1450 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1451 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1452 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1453 145420080123: 1455 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1456 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1457 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1458 145920071128: 1460 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1461 functionality is the default now. 1462 146320071118: 1464 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1465 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1466 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1467 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1468 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1469 1470 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1471 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1472 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1473 147420071024: 1475 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1476 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1477 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1478 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1479 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1480 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1481 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1482 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1483 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1484 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1485 however. 1486 148720071020: 1488 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1489 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1490 used kproc_start().. 1491 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1492 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1493 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1494 149520071010: 1496 RELENG_7 branched. 1497 1498COMMON ITEMS: 1499 1500 General Notes 1501 ------------- 1502 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1503 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1504 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1505 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1506 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1507 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1508 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1509 1510 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1511 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1512 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1513 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1514 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1515 1516 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1517 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1518 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1519 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1520 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1521 1522 ZFS notes 1523 --------- 1524 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1525 these two steps: 1526 1527 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1528 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1529 1530 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1531 1532 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1533 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1534 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1535 1536 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1537 1538 To build a kernel 1539 ----------------- 1540 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1541 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1542 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1543 1544 make kernel-toolchain 1545 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1546 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1547 1548 To test a kernel once 1549 --------------------- 1550 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1551 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1552 debugging information) run 1553 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1554 nextboot -k testkernel 1555 1556 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1557 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1558 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1559 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1560 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1561 1562 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1563 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1564 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1565 make depend 1566 make 1567 make install 1568 1569 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1570 1571 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1572 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1573 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1574 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1575 1576 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1577 make buildworld 1578 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1579 [1] 1580 <reboot in single user> [3] 1581 mergemaster -p [5] 1582 make installworld 1583 mergemaster -i [4] 1584 make delete-old [6] 1585 <reboot> 1586 1587 1588 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1589 -------------------------------------------------- 1590 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1591 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1592 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1593 # size. 1594 1595 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1596 <boot into -stable> 1597 make buildworld 1598 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1599 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1600 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1601 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1602 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1603 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1604 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1605 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1606 <reboot into current> 1607 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1608 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1609 <reboot> 1610 1611 1612 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1613 ---------------------------------------------- 1614 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1615 make buildworld [9] 1616 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1617 [1] 1618 <reboot in single user> [3] 1619 mergemaster -p [5] 1620 make installworld 1621 mergemaster -i [4] 1622 make delete-old [6] 1623 <reboot> 1624 1625 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1626 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1627 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1628 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1629 the UPDATING entries. 1630 1631 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1632 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1633 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1634 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1635 much fewer pitfalls. 1636 1637 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1638 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1639 system on reboot. 1640 1641 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1642 fsck -p 1643 mount -u / 1644 mount -a 1645 cd src 1646 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1647 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1648 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1649 1650 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1651 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1652 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1653 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1654 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1655 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1656 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1657 1658 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1659 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1660 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1661 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1662 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1663 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1664 1665 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1666 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1667 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1668 1669 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1670 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1671 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1672 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1673 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1674 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1675 1676 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1677 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1678 1679 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1680 cvs prune empty directories. 1681 1682 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1683 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1684 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1685 1686 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1687 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1688 warn if it is improperly defined. 1689FORMAT: 1690 1691This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1692breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1693list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1694If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1695to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1696 1697Copyright information: 1698 1699Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1700 1701Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1702modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1703document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1704 1705THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1706IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1707WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1708DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1709INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1710(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1711SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1712HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1713STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1714IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1715POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1716 1717Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1718this document. 1719 1720$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 243443 2012-11-23 12:12:06Z hrs $ 1721