UPDATING revision 191080
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090414: 26 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 27 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 28 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 29 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 30 load balancing. 31 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 3220090408: 33 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 34 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 35 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 36 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 37 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 38 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 39 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 40 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 41 4220090407: 43 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 44 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 45 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 46 4720090320: 48 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 49 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 50 introduces some changes: 51 52 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 53 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 54 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 55 56 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 57 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 58 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 59 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 60 61 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 62 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 63 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 64 the "386BSD" type). 65 66 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 67 6820090319: 69 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 70 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 71 (supported by sane). 72 7320090319: 74 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 75 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 76 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 77 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 78 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 79 8020090315: 81 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 82 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 83 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 84 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 85 used. 86 8720090313: 88 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 89 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 90 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 91 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 92 9320090313: 94 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 95 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 96 9720090309: 98 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 99 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 100 101 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 102 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 103 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 104 105 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 106 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 107 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 108 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 109 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 110 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 111 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 112 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 113 114 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 115 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 116 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 117 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 118 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 119 to preserve the existing behaviour. 120 121 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 122 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 123 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 124 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 125 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 126 127 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 128 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 129 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 130 via IGMP. 131 132 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 133 recompiled to reflect this. 134 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 135 13620090309: 137 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 138 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 139 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 140 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 141 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 142 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 143 14420090302: 145 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 146 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 147 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 148 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 149 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely 150 raised to allow such segments to be created. 151 15220090301: 153 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 154 network device driver modules. 155 15620090227: 157 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 158 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 159 16020090223: 161 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 162 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 163 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 164 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 165 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 166 apply. 167 16820090217: 169 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 170 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 171 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 172 use the new name. 173 17420090216: 175 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 176 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 177 add 178 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 179 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 180 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 181 18220090215: 183 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 184 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 185 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 186 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 187 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 188 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 189 190 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 191 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 192 be used for this: 193 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 194 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 195 19620090203: 197 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 198 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 199 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 200 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 201 same interface. 202 20320090201: 204 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 205 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 206 20720090119: 208 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 209 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 210 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 211 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 212 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 213 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 214 21520090115: 216 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 217 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 218 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 219 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 220 22120081225: 222 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 223 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 224 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 225 in next mpd5.3 release. 226 22720081219: 228 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 229 the base system (it was a port). 230 23120081216: 232 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 233 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 234 23520081214: 236 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 237 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 238 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 239 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 240 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 241 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 242 none of the L2 information. 243 24420081130: 245 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 246 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 247 248 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 249 250 to their kernel config files when specifying: 251 252 device ath_hal 253 254 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 255 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 256 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 257 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 258 25920081121: 260 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 261 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 262 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 263 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 264 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 265 packets. 266 26720081117: 268 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 269 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 270 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 271 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 272 27320081028: 274 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 275 27620081009: 277 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 278 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 279 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 280 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 281 controller add the following to loader.conf: 282 283 uhci_load="YES" 284 ehci_load="YES" 285 28620081009: 287 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 288 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 289 sync. 290 29120080820: 292 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 293 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 294 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 295 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 296 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 297 298 PCI/ISA: 299 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 300 301 USB: 302 ubser, ucycom 303 304 Line disciplines: 305 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 306 307 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 308 cause compilation to fail. 309 31020080818: 311 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 312 31320080801: 314 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 315 316 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 317 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 318 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 319 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 320 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 321 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 322 accepting the RSA key. 323 324 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 325 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 326 command line. 327 328 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 329 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 330 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 331 behavior. 332 33320080713: 334 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 335 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 336 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 337 338 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 339 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 340 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 341 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 342 use the new device names. 343 344 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 345 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 346 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 347 at the loader prompt: 348 349 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 350 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 351 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 352 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 353 boot -s 354 35520080609: 356 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 357 disks instead. 358 35920080603: 360 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 361 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 362 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 363 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 364 36520080525: 366 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 367 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 368 36920080509: 370 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 371 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 372 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 373 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 374 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 375 37620080420: 377 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 378 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 379 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 380 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 381 For example, change: 382 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 383 to 384 wlans_ath0=wlan0 385 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 386 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 387 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 388 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 389 390 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 391 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 392 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 393 39420080408: 395 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 396 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 397 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 398 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 399 other operation levels. 400 40120080312: 402 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 403 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 404 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 405 compatibility with any prior release: 406 407 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 408 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 409 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 410 41120080301: 412 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 413 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 414 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 415 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 416 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 417 nonetheless. 418 41920080229: 420 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 421 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 422 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 423 with older hardware easier to do. 424 42520080220: 426 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 427 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 428 42920080211: 430 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 431 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 432 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 433 firewall rules. 434 43520080208: 436 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 437 mbuf chains. 438 43920080126: 440 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 441 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 442 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 443 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 444 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 445 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 446 third-party software might fail to build after this change 447 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 448 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 449 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 450 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 451 case that a portable fix is impossible. 452 45320080123: 454 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 455 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 456 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 457 45820071128: 459 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 460 functionality is the default now. 461 46220071118: 463 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 464 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 465 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 466 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 467 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 468 469 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 470 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 471 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 472 47320071024: 474 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 475 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 476 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 477 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 478 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 479 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 480 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 481 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 482 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 483 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 484 however. 485 48620071020: 487 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 488 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 489 used kproc_start().. 490 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 491 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 492 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 493 49420071010: 495 RELENG_7 branched. 496 49720071009: 498 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 499 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 500 50120070930: 502 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 503 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 504 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 505 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 506 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 507 50820070928: 509 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 510 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 511 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 512 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 513 rc.conf. 514 51520070921: 516 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 517 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 518 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 519 52020070704: 521 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 522 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 523 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 524 52520070702: 526 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 527 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 528 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 529 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 530 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 531 53220070701: 533 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 534 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 535 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 536 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 537 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 538 will change after some settling time. 539 54020070701: 541 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 542 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 543 information. 544 54520070612: 546 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 547 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 548 accordingly. 549 55020070612: 551 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 552 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 553 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 554 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 555 55620070612: 557 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 558 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 559 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 560 the IPv4 network stack. 561 562 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 563 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 564 has now been removed. 565 566 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 567 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 568 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 569 updated to reflect this. 570 571 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 572 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 573 interfaces. 574 57520070610: 576 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 577 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 578 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 579 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 580 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 581 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 582 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 583 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 584 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 585 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 586 operating properly. 587 58820070610: 589 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 590 function and starts providing an account management function. 591 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 592 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 593 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 594 595 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 596 597 and change it according to this example: 598 599 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 600 601 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 602 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 603 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 604 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 605 60620070529: 607 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 608 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 609 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 610 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 611 61220070516: 613 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 614 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 615 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 616 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 617 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 618 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 619 symbol. 620 62120070513: 622 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 623 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 624 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 625 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 626 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 627 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 628 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 629 630 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 631 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 632 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 633 63420070423: 635 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 636 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 637 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 638 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 639 64020070417: 641 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 642 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 643 64420070408: 645 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 646 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 647 base operating system should be recompiled. 648 64920070302: 650 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 651 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 652 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 653 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 654 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 655 65620070228: 657 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 658 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 659 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 660 deprecated in previous releases. 661 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 662 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 663 66420070224: 665 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 666 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 667 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 668 sync. For more info: 669 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 670 67120070224: 672 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 673 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 674 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 675 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 676 67720070214: 678 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 679 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 680 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 681 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 682 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 683 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 684 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 685 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 686 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 687 68820070210: 689 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 690 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 691 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 692 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 693 ip_mroute.ko module. 694 69520070207: 696 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 697 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 698 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 699 mrouted.conf. 700 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 701 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 702 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 703 70420061221: 705 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 706 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 707 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 708 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 709 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 710 in the loader. 711 71220061214: 713 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 714 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 715 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 716 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 717 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 718 71920061214: 720 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 721 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 722 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 723 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 724 72520061205: 726 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 727 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 728 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 729 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 730 linux module. 731 73220061126: 733 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 734 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 735 with exceptions of followings: 736 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 737 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 738 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 739 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 740 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 741 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 742 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 743 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 744 74520061122: 746 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 747 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 748 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 749 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 750 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 751 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 752 753 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 754 755 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 756 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 757 the array the same way you built it originally. 758 75920061122: 760 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 761 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 762 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 763 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 764 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 765 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 766 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 767 76820061113: 769 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 770 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 771 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 772 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 773 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 774 77520061110: 776 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 777 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 778 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 779 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 780 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 781 78220061026: 783 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 784 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 785 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 786 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 787 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 788 added to 'struct proc'. 789 79020060929: 791 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 792 79320060927: 794 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 795 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 796 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 797 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 798 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 799 80020060924: 801 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 802 80320060913: 804 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 805 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 806 systat needs to be rebuilt. 807 80820060903: 809 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 810 81120060816: 812 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 813 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 814 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 815 81620060725: 817 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 818 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 819 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 820 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 821 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 822 82320060709: 824 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 825 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 826 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 827 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 828 82920060627: 830 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 831 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 832 accordingly. 833 83420060514: 835 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 836 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 837 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 838 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 839 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 840 84120060511: 842 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 843 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 844 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 845 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 846 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 847 `make installworld' with: 848 849 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 850 851 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 852 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 853 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 854 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 855 85620060412: 857 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 858 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 859 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 860 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 861 rewrite rules. 862 86320060428: 864 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 865 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 866 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 867 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 868 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 869 implements the interface to support it. 870 87120060330: 872 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 873 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 874 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 875 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 876 functional. 877 87820060317: 879 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 880 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 881 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 882 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 883 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 884 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 885 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 886 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 887 likely follow. Posting to current@: 888 889 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 890 89120060305: 892 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 893 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 894 89520060303: 896 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 897 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 898 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 899 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 900 its dependencies. 901 90220060204: 903 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 904 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 905 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 906 90720060201: 908 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 909 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 910 91120060118: 912 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 913 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 914 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 915 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 916 on your next install. 917 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 918 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 919 to your /etc/make.conf. 920 92120060113: 922 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 923 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 924 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 925 92620060112: 927 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 928 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 929 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 930 93120060106: 932 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 933 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 934 93520060106: 936 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 937 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 938 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 939 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 940 94120051231: 942 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 943 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 944 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 945 94620051211: 947 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 948 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 949 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 950 accordingly. 951 95220051202: 953 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 954 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 955 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 956 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 957 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 958 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 959 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 960 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 961 96220051129: 963 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 964 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 965 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 966 96720051129: 968 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 969 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 970 97120051108: 972 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 973 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 974 97520051029: 976 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 977 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 978 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 979 98020051014: 981 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 982 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 983 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 984 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 985 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 986 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 987 modules afterwards. 988 98920051001: 990 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 991 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 992 99320050927: 994 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 995 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 996 99720050722: 998 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 999 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1000 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1001 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1002 architecture. 1003 100420050711: 1005 RELENG_6 branched here. 1006 100720050629: 1008 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1009 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1010 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1011 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1012 removable_interfaces. 1013 101420050616: 1015 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1016 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1017 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1018 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1019 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1020 affect existing configurations. 1021 102220050610: 1023 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1024 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1025 updated to the new APIs. 1026 102720050609: 1028 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1029 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1030 will not behave correctly. 1031 1032 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1033 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1034 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1035 103620050606: 1037 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1038 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1039 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1040 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1041 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1042 1043 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1044 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1045 anyway). 1046 104720050605: 1048 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1049 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1050 105120050603: 1052 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1053 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1054 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1055 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1056 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1057 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1058 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1059 106020050528: 1061 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1062 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1063 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1064 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1065 106620050503: 1067 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1068 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1069 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1070 107120050415: 1072 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1073 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1074 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1075 should be updated. 1076 107720050227: 1078 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1079 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1080 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1081 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1082 108320050225: 1084 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1085 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1086 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1087 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1088 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1089 none at this point.) 1090 109120050224: 1092 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1093 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1094 109520050223: 1096 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1097 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1098 with the new kernel. 1099 110020050223: 1101 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1102 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1103 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1104 110520050220: 1106 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1107 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1108 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1109 if you have updated the kernel. 1110 1111 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1112 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1113 mounting the new volume. 1114 111520050206: 1116 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1117 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1118 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1119 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1120 112120050206: 1122 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1123 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1124 112520050114: 1126 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1127 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1128 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1129 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1130 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1131 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1132 113320041221: 1134 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1135 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1136 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1137 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1138 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1139 114020041219: 1141 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1142 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1143 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1144 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1145 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1146 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1147 and wlan_xauth as required. 1148 114920041213: 1150 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1151 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1152 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1153 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1154 reflect the change. 1155 115620041201: 1157 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1158 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1159 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1160 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1161 the module when a wep key is configured). 1162 116320041201: 1164 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1165 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1166 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1167 116820041116: 1169 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1170 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1171 117220041110: 1173 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1174 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1175 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1176 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1177 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1178 their /etc/rc scripts. 1179 118020041104: 1181 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1182 118320041102: 1184 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1185 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1186 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1187 118820041022: 1189 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1190 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1191 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1192 119320041016: 1194 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1195 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1196 1197COMMON ITEMS: 1198 1199 General Notes 1200 ------------- 1201 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1202 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1203 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1204 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1205 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1206 on the -current branch). 1207 1208 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1209 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1210 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1211 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1212 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1213 page for more details. 1214 1215 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1216 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1217 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1218 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1219 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1220 version upgrade. 1221 1222 To build a kernel 1223 ----------------- 1224 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1225 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1226 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1227 1228 make kernel-toolchain 1229 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1230 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1231 1232 To test a kernel once 1233 --------------------- 1234 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1235 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1236 debugging information) run 1237 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1238 nextboot -k testkernel 1239 1240 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1241 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1242 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1243 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1244 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1245 1246 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1247 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1248 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1249 make depend 1250 make 1251 make install 1252 1253 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1254 1255 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1256 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1257 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1258 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1259 1260 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1261 make buildworld 1262 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1263 [1] 1264 <reboot in single user> [3] 1265 mergemaster -p [5] 1266 make installworld 1267 make delete-old 1268 mergemaster [4] 1269 <reboot> 1270 1271 1272 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1273 -------------------------------------------------- 1274 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1275 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1276 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1277 # size. 1278 1279 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1280 <boot into -stable> 1281 make buildworld 1282 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1283 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1284 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1285 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1286 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1287 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1288 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1289 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1290 <reboot into current> 1291 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1292 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1293 <reboot> 1294 1295 1296 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1297 ---------------------------------------------- 1298 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1299 make buildworld [9] 1300 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1301 [1] 1302 <reboot in single user> [3] 1303 mergemaster -p [5] 1304 make installworld 1305 make delete-old 1306 mergemaster -i [4] 1307 <reboot> 1308 1309 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1310 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1311 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1312 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1313 the UPDATING entries. 1314 1315 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1316 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1317 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1318 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1319 much fewer pitfalls. 1320 1321 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1322 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1323 system on reboot. 1324 1325 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1326 fsck -p 1327 mount -u / 1328 mount -a 1329 cd src 1330 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1331 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1332 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1333 1334 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1335 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1336 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1337 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1338 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1339 for potential gotchas. 1340 1341 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1342 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1343 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1344 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1345 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1346 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1347 1348 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1349 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1350 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1351 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1352 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1353 1354 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1355 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1356 1357 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1358 cvs prune empty directories. 1359 1360 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1361 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1362 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1363 1364 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1365 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1366 warn if it is improperly defined. 1367FORMAT: 1368 1369This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1370breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1371and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1372previous releases if your system is older than this. 1373 1374Copyright information: 1375 1376Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1377 1378Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1379modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1380document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1381 1382THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1383IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1384WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1385DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1386INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1387(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1388SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1389HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1390STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1391IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1392POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1393 1394If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1395author a beer. 1396 1397Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1398this document. 1399 1400$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 191080 2009-04-14 23:05:36Z kmacy $ 1401