UPDATING revision 134222
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes). 10 11[[ The UPDATING file will be trimmed to 20040814 on or about Oct 1, 2004 ]] 12 13NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 14 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 15 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 16 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 17 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 18 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 19 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 20 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 21 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 22 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 23 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 24 to maximize performance. 25 2620040819: 27 Netgraph changed its message format slightly to align the data 28 portion well on 64 bit machines. 29 Netgraph using utilities (e.g. ngctl, nghook, ppp, mpd, 30 pppoed, bluetooth, ATM) should be recompiled when a new kernel 31 is installed. 32 3320040817: 34 IPFW has been converted to use PFIL_HOOKS. This change is 35 transparent to userland and preserves the ipfw ABI. The ipfw 36 core packet inspection and filtering functions have not been 37 changed, only how ipfw is invoked is different. Note that 38 "option PFIL_HOOKS" is required to use IPFIREWALL compiled 39 into the kernel or as KLD. 40 4120040814: 42 The RANDOM_IP_ID option has been replaced by the sysctl 43 net.inet.ip.random_id. If you had RANDOM_IP_ID in your kernel then 44 you may want to add "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" to /etc/sysctl.conf. 45 4620040807: 47 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of the 48 if_carp placeholder. All kernel modules implementing network 49 interfaces must be recompiled as a result. 50 5120040806: 52 Module loading has been fixed. Some older installations will 53 drop proper module_path initialization and modules will fail to 54 load properly. If you have a line in /boot/loader.rc that says: 55 "initialize drop", do (i386 only): 56 cp /usr/src/sys/boot/i386/loader/loader.rc /boot/loader.rc 57 chown root:wheel /boot/loader.rc 58 chmod 444 /boot/loader.rc 59 6020040802: 61 making /dev/(null|zero) into a module proved to be too unpopular, 62 so this bit has been revoked from the previous (20040801) entry. 63 6420040801: 65 The /dev/mem, /dev/io /dev/(null/zero) devices are now modules, 66 so you may wish to add them to your kernel config file. See 67 GENERIC for examples. 68 6920040728: 70 System compiler has been upgraded to GCC 3.4.2-pre. As with any major 71 compiler upgrade, there are several issues to be aware of. GCC 3.4.x 72 has broken C++ ABI compatibility with previous releases yet again 73 and users will have to rebuild all their C++ programs with the new 74 compiler. If you are getting run-time error such as 75 /libexec/ld-elf.so.1: Undefined symbol "_ZNSs20_S_empty_rep_storageE" 76 This entry does apply to you. 77 78 A new unit-at-a-time optimization mode, which is default in this 79 compiler release, is more aggressive in removing unused static 80 symbols. This is the likely cause of 'make buildworld' breakages 81 with non-default CFLAGS where optimization level is set to -O2 or higher. 82 83 With the upgrade of the system compiler, the kernel has been upgraded 84 to match the new system compiler. This makes it impossible to build 85 a new kernel with the old compiler. Upgrade your system via 86 make buildworld and make kernel (see below) to fix this problem. 87 8820040727: 89 The size of 'struct ifnet' has changed due to the addition of 90 the IFF_NEEDSGIANT flag (and what it implies). All kernel 91 modules implementing network interfaces must be recompiled as 92 a result. 93 9420040716: 95 The sound device drivers are renamed. `sound' is always required, 96 while `snd_*' should be configured accordingly to your hardware. 97 Refer to NOTES for the detail of the drivers. 98 9920040710: 100 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 502122. 101 10220040710: 103 The console initialization on Alpha has been reworked and is now 104 identical to other platforms. This means that the hardcoding of 105 the serial console and the debug port has been removed. As such, 106 hints are now required for the sio(4) driver to become a console 107 or debug port. The NO_SIO option has been decommissioned because 108 of this. 109 11020040710: 111 A revamp of the debugging code in the kernel with some visible 112 changes beyond just the debugging experience: 113 o The DDB option is now specific to the DDB debugger backend 114 and should not be used any more for conditional compilation 115 of debugging code for when debugging is enabled. Use the KDB 116 option for this. 117 o The WITNESS_DDB, DDB_TRACE and DDB_UNATTENDED options have 118 been renamed to WITNESS_KDB, KDB_TRACE and KDB_UNATTENDED 119 respectively. This is in line with the first bullet. 120 o The remote GDB support has been untangled from DDB and needs 121 to be enabled separately now. Use the GDB option for this. 122 o The GDB_REMOTE_CHAT option has been removed. Support for this 123 homegrown feature is discontinued. The GDB remote protocol 124 supports console output and it makes sense to use that. 125 o The DDB_NOKLDSYM option has been removed. The DDB debugger 126 now supports both direct symbol table lookups as well as KLD 127 symbol lookups through the linker. 128 12920040708: 130 Bluetooth code has been marked as non-i386 specific. 131 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 502121 to mark this change. 132 13320040702: 134 The native preemption has been added to the kernel scheduler. 135 There is some report that the ULE scheduler was broken in some 136 machines and we encourage users using the ULE scheduler either 137 stick with a known good kernel, or temporarily switch to the 4BSD 138 scheduler as a workaround. 139 14020040630: 141 The netgraph ABI version number has been incremented to indicate 142 an incompatible change in the ABI. Old netgraph nodes will refuse 143 to attach until recompiled. Netgraph now uses mbuf tags to move 144 metadata and this commit removes its home-grown metadata facility. 145 Nodes should just recompile, unless they use metadata, in which 146 case the changes are simple; the file ng_ksocket.c serves as an 147 example of such changes. 148 149 This also broke i4b, although the compile problem has been papered 150 over. 151 15220040630: 153 ACPI has been updated to disable known-bad BIOS revisions. A message 154 will be printed on the console indicating that ACPI has been disabled 155 automatically and that the user should use a newer BIOS, if possible. 156 If you think ACPI does work on your system and want to override 157 this (i.e., for testing), set hint.acpi.0.disabled="0" at the 158 loader prompt. 159 16020040623: 161 pf was updated to OpenBSD-stable 3.5 and pflogd(8) is privilege 162 separated now. It uses the newly created "_pflogd" user/group 163 combination. If you plan to use pflogd(8) make sure to run 164 mergemaster -p or install the "_pflogd" user and group manually. 165 16620040622: 167 Network interface cloning has been overhauled. This change will 168 require a recompile of modules using cloning and modification of 169 external ones to the new API. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 170 to 502119 to mark this change. Additionally, users creating 171 stf(4) interfaces via "ifconfig stf" will need to update their 172 scripts as this will create an interface named "stf" instead of 173 "stf0" and ifconfig will not print "stf0" to stdout. 174 17520040621: 176 On 20040524, the /etc/rc.d/nsswitch script was modified to 177 automatically create /etc/nsswitch.conf on startup if it did 178 not already exist. Unfortunately, an error in the man page 179 was carried over to the script, resulting in incorrect 180 nsswitch settings. The simplest remedy is to remove both 181 /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/host.conf; they will be recreated 182 during the next reboot. 183 18420040614: 185 The return value of sema_timedwait(9) has been changed to 186 make it consistent with cv_timedwait(9). Be sure to recompile 187 the ips module and any third-party modules which call 188 sema_timedwait. 189 19020040613: 191 ALTQ is now linked to the build. This breaks ABI for struct ifnet. 192 Make sure to recompile modules and any userland that makes use of 193 sizeof(struct ifnet). In order to get the altq headers in place 194 please recompile and reinstall world. 195 19620040607: 197 Splitting kern_thread.c into 2 files (adding kern_kse.c) 198 requires that you re-run config after updating your tree. 199 20020040601: 201 The MIDI drivers have been removed. Until the new module-friendly 202 ones are merged, remove or comment out midi and seq from your 203 kernel configuration. 204 20520040423: 206 Due to a new option in ipfw (versrcreach) the ipfw(8) command 207 needs to be recompiled. Normal accept/reject rules without 208 options are not affected but those with options may break until 209 ipfw(8) is recompiled. 210 21120040420: 212 Due to changes in the callout ABI, kernels compiled after this 213 date may be incompatible with kernel modules compiled prior to 214 20040406. 215 21620040414: 217 The PCI bus power state stuff has been turned on. If this causes 218 problems for your system, please disable it using the tunable 219 hw.pci.do_powerstate=0. 220 22120040412: 222 The bulk of the pci problems have been fixed, although the floppy 223 drive is still broken. 224 22520040410: 226 A substantial update to the pci bus resource and power management 227 have been committed. Expect a bumpy ride for a few days until 228 the unanticipated problems have been resolved. 229 23020040409: 231 Due to changes in the the Yarrow initialization process, 232 /dev/random needs to be fed before operations requiring 233 temp files can succeed in single user mode. This includes 234 running "make installworld". /dev/random may be fed by running 235 "/etc/rc.d/initrandom start" or with 20040415 source by running 236 "/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom". 237 23820040322: 239 The debug.mpsafenet tunable controls whether the kernel Giant 240 lock is held across the lower levels of the network stack, and 241 by default is turned off. In the few days following 20040322, 242 the behavior of debug.mpsafenet will change such that this 243 tunable controls Giant over all levels of the network stack. 244 If you are currently setting debug.mpsafenet to 1, you should 245 set it back to 0 (the default) again during the change-over. 246 An additional note will be added to UPDATING when sufficient 247 locking is merged to permit this to take place. 248 24920040310: 250 The FreeBSD/sparc64 platform is changing time_t from 32-bits to 251 64-bits. This is a very major incompatible change, so people 252 using FreeBSD/sparc64 *must* read the UPDATING.64BTT file for 253 detailed instructions on how to make this upgrade. People 254 upgrading FreeBSD on other platforms can ignore this event. 255 25620040308: 257 The packet filter (pf) is now installed with the base system. Make 258 sure to run mergemaster -p before installworld to create required 259 user account ("proxy"). If you do not want to build pf with your 260 system you can use the NO_PF knob in make.conf. 261 Also note that pf requires "options PFIL_HOOKS" in the kernel. The 262 pf system consists of the following three devices: 263 device pf # required 264 device pflog # optional 265 device pfsync # optional 266 26720040303: 268 If you are having trouble with the libc_r -> libpthread transition 269 (see the 20040130 entry), place the following lines at the top of 270 /etc/libmap.conf: 271 272 libc_r.so.5 libpthread.so.1 273 libc_r.so libpthread.so 274 275 This will cause all programs and libraries linked against libc_r 276 to use libpthread instead. 277 27820040226: 279 Some sshd configuration defaults have changed: protocol version 1 280 is no longer enabled by default, and password authentication is 281 disabled by default if PAM is enabled (which it is by default). 282 OpenSSH clients should not be affected by this; other clients may 283 have to be reconfigured, upgraded or replaced. 284 28520040225: 286 The ABIs defined in <resolv.h> and <netdb.h> have been updated 287 to support improved reentrancy. Multi-threaded programs that 288 reference the "_res" or "h_errno" symbols may experience some 289 problems if they are not recompiled. Single-threaded programs 290 should remain unaffected. 291 29220040225: 293 routed has been updated in the base system from the vendor 294 sources, routed v2.27, from rhyolite.com. This change means that 295 for users who use RIP's MD5 authentication feature, FreeBSD 296 -CURRENT's routed is now incompatible with previous versions 297 of FreeBSD; however it is now compatible with implementations 298 from Sun, Cisco and other vendors. 299 30020040224: 301 The tcpcb structure has changed and makes a recompile of libkvm 302 and related userland network utilities necessary. 303 30420040222: 305 The cdevsw structure has changed in two externally visible ways. 306 First, the sense of the D_GIANT flag has changed to D_NEEDSGIANT. 307 Second, the d_version field must be filled in with D_VERSION. 308 Drivers outside the tree will need to be updated. 309 31020040207: 311 The /etc/rc.d/ttys script has been removed. It is no longer 312 necessary since devfs has been mandatory for some time. 313 31420040130: 315 libkse has been renamed back to libpthread and is now the 316 default threads library. The gcc -pthread option has also 317 been changed to link to libpthread instead of libc_r. For 318 alpha and sparc64 machines, libkse is not renamed and links 319 are installed so that libpthread points to libc_r. Until 320 the ports system is updated to handle this change, it is 321 recommended that folks install an /etc/libmap.conf(5) that 322 maps libc_r to libpthread. If you have any binaries or 323 libraries linked to libkse, then it is also recommended 324 that you map libkse to libpthread. Anyone that is using 325 nvidia supplied drivers and libraries should use a libmap.conf 326 that maps libpthread to libc_r since their drivers/libraries 327 do not work with libpthread. 328 32920040125: 330 ULE has entered into its probationary period as the default scheduler 331 in GENERIC. For the average user, interactivity is reported to be 332 better in many cases. On SMP machines ULE will be able to make more 333 efficient use of the available parallel resources. If you are not 334 running it now, please switch over, replacing the kernel option 335 SCHED_4BSD with SCHED_ULE. 336 33720040125: 338 Move LongRun support out of identcpu.c, where it hardly 339 belongs, into its own file and make it opt-in, not mandatory, 340 depending on CPU_ENABLE_LONGRUN config(8) option. 341 34220031213: 343 src/lib/libc/gen/initgroups.c:1.8 now causes logins to fail 344 if the login process is unable to successfully set the 345 process credentials to include all groups defined for the 346 user. The current kernel limit is 16 groups; administrators 347 may wish to check that users do not have over 16 groups 348 defined, or they will be unable to log in. 349 35020031203: 351 The ACPI module has been reactivated. It is no longer required 352 to compile ACPI support into kernels statically. 353 35420031112: 355 The statfs structure has been updated with 64-bit fields to 356 allow accurate reporting of multi-terabyte filesystem 357 sizes. You should build world, then build and boot the new kernel 358 BEFORE doing a `installworld' as the new kernel will know about 359 binaries using the old statfs structure, but an old kernel will 360 not know about the new system calls that support the new statfs 361 structure. 362 Note that the backwards compatibility is only present when the 363 kernel is configured with the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option. Since 364 even /bin/sh will not run with a new kernel without said option 365 you're pretty much dead in the water without it. Make sure you 366 have COMPAT_FREEBSD4! 367 Running an old kernel after a `make world' will cause programs 368 such as `df' that do a statfs system call to fail with a bad 369 system call. Marco Wertejuk <wertejuk@mwcis.com> also reports 370 that cfsd (ports/security/cfs) needs to be recompiled after 371 these changes are installed. 372 373 ****************************DANGER******************************* 374 375 DO NOT make installworld after the buildworld w/o building and 376 installing a new kernel FIRST. You will be unable to build a 377 new kernel otherwise on a system with new binaries and an old 378 kernel. 379 38020031112: 381 Some netgraph string length constants have been changed. This 382 change requires the netgraph kernel modules and all netgraph 383 userland components to be in sync. Especially users who require 384 netgraph to boot need to make sure to have world and kernel in 385 sync before rebooting. 386 38720031111: 388 Hyperthreading logical CPU's are no longer probed by default 389 when using the MP Table. If ACPI is being used, then logical 390 CPUs will be probed if hyperthreading is enabled in the BIOS. 391 If ACPI is not being used and hyperthreading is enabled in the 392 BIOS, logical CPUs can be enabled by building a custom kernel 393 with the option MPTABLE_FORCE_HTT enabled. 394 39520031103: 396 The i386 APIC_IO kernel option has been replaced by 397 'device apic'. The ACPI module has also been temporarily 398 disabled, so ACPI must be statically compiled into your 399 kernel using 'device acpi' if you wish to use the ACPI driver. 400 40120031031: 402 The API and ABI of struct ifnet have been changed by removing 403 the if_name and if_unit members and replacing them with 404 if_xname, if_dname, and if_dunit. All network drivers and most 405 userland programs which include net/if_var.h must be updated 406 and recompiled. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 501113 to 407 reflect this change. 408 40920030928: 410 Changes to the cdevsw default functions have been made to remove 411 the need to specify nullopen() and nullclose() explicitly. 412 __FreeBSD_version bumped to 501110. 413 41420030926: 415 kiconv(3) has been added. mount_msdosfs(8), mount_ntfs(8) and 416 mount_cd9660(8) need to be in sync with kernel. 417 41820030925: 419 Configuring a system to use IPFILTER now requires that PFIL_HOOKS 420 also be explicitly configured. Previously this dependency was 421 magically handled through some cruft in net/pfil.h; but that has 422 been removed. Building a kernel with IPFILTER but not PFIL_HOOKS 423 will fail with obtuse errors in ip_fil.c. 424 42520030923: 426 Fix a bug in arplookup(), whereby a hostile party on a locally 427 attached network could exhaust kernel memory, and cause a system 428 panic, by sending a flood of spoofed ARP requests. See 429 FreeBSD-SA-03:14.arp. 430 43120030915: 432 A change to /etc/defaults/rc.conf now causes inetd to be started 433 with `-C 60' if it is not overridden in /etc/rc.conf. This 434 causes inetd to stop accepting connections from an IP address 435 that exceeds the rate of 60 connections per minute. 436 43720030829: 438 The following rc.d scripts have been removed and should be 439 deleted from your installation: atm2.sh atm3.sh devdb 440 localdaemons network1 network2 network3. Depending on when 441 you last updated world and used mergemaster(8) you may or 442 may not have problems during the rc boot sequence. The simplest 443 solution is an 'rm -rf /etc/rc.d/*' and then 'mergemaster -i'. 444 The atm2.sh atm3.sh and devdb scripts were removed some time 445 ago, so depending on when you installed -CURRENT these scripts 446 may or may not exist on your system. 447 44820030824: 449 ATAng has been committed. You need to build world as sys/ata.h 450 has changed, and userland atacontrol depends on it. 451 If you use ATA SW raids you need "device ataraid" in your 452 kernel config file, as it is no longer pulled in automatically. 453 45420030819: 455 The OFW_NEWPCI option has been turned on in the Sparc64 GENERIC kernel. 456 Among other things, this changes the device enumeration to be 457 closer to Solaris. Be aware that, this can even cause the machine 458 to not boot without manual intervention before the fstab is adjusted. 459 46020030728: 461 All current USB and Firewire quirks in da(4) have been deprecated 462 and will be removed for 5.2. If this causes failure for your 463 umass(4) devices, enable "options DA_OLD_QUIRKS" in your kernel 464 and send the output of "camcontrol inquiry da0" to scsi@freebsd.org 465 so the quirk can be re-enabled. 466 46720030724: 468 Problems with entry 20030714 have been corrected and no known issues 469 with /rescue and -j exist for host systems after this point in time. 470 47120030722: 472 FPU-less support has been removed from FreeBSD. Chances are you won't 473 notice. 386+387 support should still work after this change, but 474 it is now a minimum requirement for the i386 port that you have real 475 FPU hardware. 476 47720030714: 478 Some people are having problems with changes related to /rescue. 479 If you are building -j N, you will need to define NO_RESCUE. Others 480 will need to define it if /rescue has issues with their environment. 481 People should report those issues to current@. 482 48320030711: 484 gcc was upgraded to 3.3. You are advised to not build -DNOCLEAN 485 across this point. Further, it might be a good idea to remove 486 /usr/obj. 487 48820030610: 489 Remove deprecated locale names and transition period code 490 for them, finishing switching to the new scheme. Check your 491 LANG environment variable. 492 49320030609: 494 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel 495 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly 496 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on 497 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig 498 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup 499 kernel. 500 50120030605: 502 There was a small window in which sed(1) was broken. If you 503 happen to have sed(1) installed during that window, which is 504 evidenced by an inability to build world with the failure 505 given below, you need to manually build and install sed(1) 506 (and only sed(1)) before doing anything else. This is a one- 507 time snafu. Typical failure mode: 508 509 In file included from /usr/src/contrib/binutils/bfd/targets.c:1092: 510 targmatch.h:7:1: null character(s) ignored 511 targmatch.h:12:1: null character(s) ignored 512 targmatch.h:16:1: null character(s) ignored 513 : 514 515 The window of "sed(1)-uction" is from Wed Jun 4 15:31:55 2003 UTC 516 to Thu Jun 5 12:10:19 2003 UTC (from rev 1.30 to rev 1.31 of 517 usr.bin/sed/process.c). 518 51920030505: 520 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting 521 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT 522 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS. 523 52420030502: 525 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and 526 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you 527 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE 528 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld. 529 53020030501: 531 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems 532 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org. 533 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can 534 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating, 535 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that 536 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed. 537 53820030423: 539 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd 540 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The 541 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You 542 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating 543 userland. In general, you should have a userland and 544 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the 545 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some 546 allowances are made. 547 54820030329: 549 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit 550 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1) 551 while upgrading the system through a buildworld. 552 553 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 554 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update 555 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee 556 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc: 557 558 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \ 559 make cleandir && make obj && \ 560 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \ 561 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install 562 56320030208: 564 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important 565 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses 566 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is 567 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines 568 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately. 569 57020030128: 571 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard. 572 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should 573 be removed when convenient. 574 57520030126: 576 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users 577 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys. 578 57920030125: 580 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently 581 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config. 582 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler 583 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like 584 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try 585 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion. 586 58720030115: 588 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree. 589 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate 590 properly. 591 592 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are 593 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line 594 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility 595 with NetBSD. 596 59720021222: 598 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC 599 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions 600 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous 601 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any 602 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not 603 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be 604 rebuilt. 605 60620021216: 607 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 608 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 609 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 610 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 611 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 612 61320021202: 614 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 615 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 616 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 617 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 618 61920021029: 620 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 621 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 622 consumers in sync. 623 62420021024: 625 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. 626 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to 627 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you 628 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD 629 partition really is on. The old device names have gone 630 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust 631 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in 632 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.) 633 63420021023: 635 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 636 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 637 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 638 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 639 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 640 641 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 642 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 643 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 644 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 645 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 646 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 647 64820020831: 649 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 650 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 651 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 652 653 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 654 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 655 65620020827: 657 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 658 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 659 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 660 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 661 66220020815: 663 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 664 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 665 again. 666 66720020729: 668 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 669 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 670 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 671 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 672 67320020702: 674 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 675 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 676 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 677 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 678 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 679 68020020701: 681 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 682 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 683 GNOME. 684 68520020511: 686 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 687 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 688 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 689 with the set-user-ID bit set. 690 69120020510: 692 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 693 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 694 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 695 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 696 69720020510: 698 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 699 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 700 and then do a cvs update. 701 70220020421: 703 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 704 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 705 70620020404: 707 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 708 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 709 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 710 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 711 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 712 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 713 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 714 71520020403: 716 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 717 71820020315: 719 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 720 72120020225: 722 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 723 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 724 72520020217: 726 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 727 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 728 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 729 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 730 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 731 732 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 733 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 734 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 735 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 736 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 737 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 738 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 739 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 740 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 741 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 742 as of this date. 743 74420020112: 745 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 746 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 747 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 748 you have local modifications, you can use 749 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 750 /etc/pam.d. 751 752 Please see the following url for more details: 753http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 75420011229: 755 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 756 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 757http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 758 75920011220: 760 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 761 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 762 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 763 own. All the accumulated features and bug fixes of the i4b 764 version have now been merged back into the base system's 765 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 766 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 767 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 768 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 769 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 770 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 771 77220011215: 773 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 774 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 775 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 776 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 777 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 778 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 779 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 780 fdcontrol(8). 781 78220011209: 783 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 784 and truss(1) now works again. 785 78620011207: 787 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 788 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 789 see 790http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 791 for details. 792 79320011204: 794 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 795 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 796 79720011203: 798 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 799 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 800 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 801 not there already. 802 803 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 804 until the issue has been resolved. 805 80620011202: 807 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 808 patched. 809 81020011126: 811 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 812 after this date. You need to do this only once. 813 81420011103: 815 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 816 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 817 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 818 81920011030: 820 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 821 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 822 82320011030: 824 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 825 82620011027: 827 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 828 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 829 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 830 try to use from this date forward. 831 83220011025: 833 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 834 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 835 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 836 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 837 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 838 83920011001: 840 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 841 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 842 at the same time. 843 84420010929: 845 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 846 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 847 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 848 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 849 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa). 850 85120010927: 852 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 853 To disable ACPI you can add 854 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1" 855 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 856 loader "ok" prompt). 857 858 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 859 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 860 file and not list acpi in that list. 861 86220010924: 863 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 864 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 865 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 866 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 867 following to get them installed only once: 868 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 869 make all install 870 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 871 87220010919: 873 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 874 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 875 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 876 workaround is to add 877 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 878 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 879 can be removed afterwards. 880 881 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 882 88320010918: 884 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 885 NFS may be unstable after this date. 886 88720010912: 888 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 889 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 890 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 891 corrected. 892 89320010901: 894 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 895 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 896 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 897 have been rectified around this date. 898 89920010823: 900 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 901 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 902 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 903 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 904 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 905 permission for your name server configuration and that it 906 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 907 directory. 908 909 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 910 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 911 912 named_flags= 913 91420010709: 915 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 916 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 917 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 918 solution is to rebuild those ports. 919 92020010628: 921 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 922 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 923 92420010625: 925 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 926 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 927 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 928 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 929 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 930 93120010617: 932 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 933 93420010614: 935 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 936 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 937 kernel building methods. 938 93920010613: 940 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 941 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 942 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 943 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 944 94520010613: 946 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 947 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 948 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 949 95020010612: 951 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 952 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 953 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 954 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 955 until this bug is fixed. 956 957 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 958 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 959 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not. 960 96120010610: 962 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 963 96420010604: 965 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 966 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 967 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 968 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 969 970 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 971 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 972 it is). 973 974 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 975 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 976 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 977 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 978 97920010530: 980 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 981 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 982 a limited time. If you see 983 984install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 985 986 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 987 COPY=-C. 988 98920010525: 990 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 991 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 992 definitely is in bad shape. 993 99420010521: 995 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems 996 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 997 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 998 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 999 is 1000Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 1001 100220010520: 1003 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 1004 100520010519: 1006 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 1007 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 1008 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 1009 101020010517: 1011 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 1012 userland at the same time. 1013 101420010517: 1015 New ncurses imported. 1016 101720010512: 1018 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 1019 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 1020 102120010504: 1022 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 1023 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 1024 102520010502: 1026 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 1027 102820010501: 1029 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 1030 103120010430: 1032 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 1033 go back in the water. 1034 103520010429: 1036 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 1037 this date, but before the correction date. 1038 103920010423: 1040 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 1041 104220010411: 1043 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 1044 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 1045 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 1046 fsck with the new kernel ever. 1047 104820010330: 1049 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 1050 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 1051 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 1052 105320010319: 1054 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 1055 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 1056 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 1057 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 1058 105920010315: 1060 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 1061 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 1062 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 1063 106420010312: 1065 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 1066 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 1067 106820010312: 1069 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 1070 instead of ad-hoc. 1071 107220010310: 1073 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 1074 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 1075 ssh might not work if you don't. 1076 107720010303: 1078 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 1079 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 1080 you use the ed driver. 1081 108220010220: 1083 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 1084 safe to go back into the water. 1085 108620010211: 1087 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 1088 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 1089 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 1090 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 1091 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 1092 1093 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 1094 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 1095 don't have to move this to the updating section. 1096 1097 To get around the installworld problem, do: 1098 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 1099 # make install 1100 # cd /usr/src 1101 # make installworld 1102 If that doesn't work, then try: 1103 # make -k installworld 1104 # make installworld 1105 110620010207: 1107 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 1108 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 1109 111020010205: 1111 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 1112 Remove them from your config. 1113 111420010122: 1115 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1116 buildkernel has been changed slightly 1117 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1118 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 1119 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 1120 112120010119: 1122 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 1123 This requires a new config to build correctly. 1124 112520010116: 1126 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 1127 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 1128 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 1129 113020010110: 1131 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 1132 113320010102: 1134 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 1135 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 1136 113720010101: 1138 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 1139 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 1140 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 1141 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 1142 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 1143 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 1144 might have been ignored by the -k option. 1145 1146 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 1147 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 1148 of this working. 1149 115020001228: 1151 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 1152 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed 1153 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 1154 115520001218: 1156 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 1157 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 1158 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 1159 cards will not be recognized without it. 1160 116120001205: 1162 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 1163 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 1164 adding the following in pam.conf: 1165 1166 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 1167 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 1168 sshd session required pam_permit.so 1169 117020001031: 1171 cvs updated to 1.11. 1172 117320001020: 1174 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 1175 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 1176 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 1177 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 1178 workaround. 1179 118020001010: 1181 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1182 Sendmail has been updated. 1183 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 1184 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 1185 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 1186 is set. 1187 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 1188 commands. 1189 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 1190 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 1191 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 1192 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 1193 1194 More details can be found at 1195 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 1196 119720001009: 1198 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 1199 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 1200 120120001006: 1202 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 1203 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 1204 /usr/bin/miniperl. 1205 120620001005: 1207 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 1208 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 1209 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 1210 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 1211 tree for anything to work. 1212 121320000928: 1214 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 1215 121620000916: 1217 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 1218 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 1219 same time as your kernel. 1220 122120000914: 1222 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 1223 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 1224 when they resume. Include 1225 device pmtimer 1226 in your config file and 1227 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 1228 to your /boot/device.hints file. 1229 123020000911: 1231 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 1232 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 1233 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 1234 own kernel config file. 1235 Remove: 1236 options RANDOMDEV 1237 Add: 1238 device random 1239 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 1240 nothing. 1241 124220000909: 1243 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 1244 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 1245 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 1246 The line should read: 1247 random_load="YES" 1248 124920000907: 1250 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 1251 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 1252 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 1253 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 1254 first blush appear related to SMP. 1255 125620000906: 1257 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 1258 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 1259 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 1260 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 1261 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 1262 126320000905: 1264 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 1265 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 1266 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 1267 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 1268 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 1269 127020000905: 1271 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 1272 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 1273 is /boot/kernel. 1274 1275 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 1276 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 1277 installkernel/installworld dance. 1278 1279 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 1280 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 1281 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 1282 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 1283 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 1284 1285 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 1286 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 1287 chflags noschg /kernel.old 1288 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 1289 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 1290 fi 1291 129220000904: 1293 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 1294 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 1295 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 1296 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 1297 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 1298 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 1299 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 1300 is not likely to be generated. 1301 130220000825: 1303 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 1304 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 1305 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 1306 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 1307 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 1308 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 1309 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 1310 kernel. 1311 131220000821: 1313 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 1314 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 1315 /boot/loader.conf. 1316 131720000812: 1318 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 1319 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 1320 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 1321 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 1322 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 1323 will fix this until the next build. 1324 132520000812: 1326 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 1327 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 1328 include: 1329 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 1330 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 1331 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 1332 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 1333 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 1334 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 1335 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 1336 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 1337 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 1338 133920000810: 1340 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 1341 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 1342 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 1343 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 1344 specific use for it. 1345 134620000729: 1347 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 1348 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 1349 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 1350 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 1351 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 1352 inetd_enable="YES" 1353 portmap_enable="YES" 1354 sendmail_enable="YES" 1355 135620000728: 1357 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 1358 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 1359 136020000728: 1361 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 1362 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 1363 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 1364 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 1365 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 1366 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 1367 to /MYKERNEL. 1368 136920000711: 1370 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 1371 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 1372 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 1373 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 1374 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 1375 to get around them. 1376 1377 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 1378 clauses above, you needn't worry. 1379 138020000711: 1381 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 1382 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 1383 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 1384 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 1385 138620000710: 1387 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 1388 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 1389 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 1390 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 1391 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 1392 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 1393 errors. (see below, 20000624). 1394 1395 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 1396 139720000709: 1398 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 1399 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 1400 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 1401 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 1402 140320000706: 1404 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 1405 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 1406 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 1407 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 1408 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 1409 interim if needed. 1410 141120000705: 1412 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 1413 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 1414 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 1415 details. 1416 141720000704: 1418 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 1419 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 1420 142120000704: 1422 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 1423 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 1424 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 1425 142620000630: 1427 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 1428 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 1429 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 1430 143120000625: 1432 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 1433 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 1434 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 1435 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 1436 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 1437 were required. You should check with the latest collections 1438 to make sure that these haven't changed. 1439 144020000624: 1441 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 1442 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 1443 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 1444 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 1445 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 1446 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 1447 date to the completion of the work. 1448 1449 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 1450 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 1451 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 1452 recreate the random and urandom devices. 1453 145420000622: 1455 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 1456 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 1457 that used to be required when updating. 1458 145920000621: 1460 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 1461 the config file update procedure. 1462 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 1463 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 1464 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file: 1465 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT 1466 146720000620: 1468 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 1469 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 1470 that workaround will no longer be required. 1471 147220000615: 1473 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 1474 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 1475 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 1476 devices. 1477 1478 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 1479 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 1480 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 1481 may work). 1482 148320000612: 1484 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 1485 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 1486 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 1487 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 1488 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 1489 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 1490 1491 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 1492 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 1493 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 1494 in it. 1495 149620000522: 1497 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 1498 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 1499 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 1500 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 1501 1502 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 1503 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 1504 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 1505 is resolved. 1506 150720000513: 1508 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 1509 151020000510: 1511 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 1512 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 1513 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 1514 151520000503: 1516 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 1517 is now available. 1518 151920000502: 1520 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 1521 connected to the kernel building instead. 1522 152320000427: 1524 You may need to build gperf 1525 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 1526 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 1527 an option only in -current. 1528 152920000417: 1530 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 1531 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 1532 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 1533 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 1534 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 1535 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 1536 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 1537 153820000320: 1539 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 1540 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 1541 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 1542 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 1543 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 1544 154520000319: 1546 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 1547 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 1548 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 1549 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 1550 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 1551 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 1552 155320000318: 1554 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 1555 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 1556 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 1557 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 1558 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 1559 that you are loading are up to date. 1560 156120000315: 1562 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 1563 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 1564 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 1565 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 1566 boot. 1567 156820000315: 1569 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 1570 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 1571 1572COMMON ITEMS: 1573 1574 General Notes 1575 ------------- 1576 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1577 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1578 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1579 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1580 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1581 on the -current branch). 1582 1583 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1584 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1585 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1586 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1587 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1588 page for more details. 1589 1590 To build a kernel 1591 ----------------- 1592 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1593 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1594 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1595 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1596 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1597 1598 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1599 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1600 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1601 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1602 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1603 1604 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1605 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1606 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1607 make depend 1608 make 1609 make install 1610 1611 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1612 1613 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1614 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1615 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1616 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1617 1618 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1619 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1620 make buildworld 1621 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1622 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1623 [1] 1624 <reboot in single user> [3] 1625 /etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 1626 mergemaster -p [5] 1627 make installworld 1628 mergemaster [4] 1629 <reboot> 1630 1631 1632 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1633 -------------------------------------------------- 1634 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1635 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1636 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1637 # size. 1638 1639 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1640 <boot into -stable> 1641 make buildworld 1642 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1643 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1644 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1645 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1646 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \ 1647 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed 1648 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1649 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1650 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1651 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1652 <reboot into current> 1653 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1654 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat> 1655 <reboot> 1656 1657 1658 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current 1659 ---------------------------------------------- 1660 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1661 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x 1662 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1663 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1664 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on 1665 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1666 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1667 # space on /. 1668 1669 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1670 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1671 make buildworld [9] 1672 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1673 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1674 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1675 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6] 1676 [1] 1677 <reboot in single user> [3] 1678 /usr/src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 1679 mergemaster -p [5] 1680 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1681 make installworld 1682 mergemaster -i [4] 1683 <reboot> 1684 1685 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1686 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1687 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1688 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1689 the UPDATING entries. 1690 1691 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1692 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1693 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1694 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1695 much fewer pitfalls. 1696 1697 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1698 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1699 system on reboot. 1700 1701 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1702 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1703 configuration. 1704 1705 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1706 fsck -p 1707 mount -u / 1708 mount -a 1709 cd /usr/src 1710 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1711 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1712 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1713 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1714 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1715 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1716 1717 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1718 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1719 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1720 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1721 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1722 for potential gotchas. 1723 1724 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1725 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1726 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1727 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1728 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1729 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1730 1731 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1732 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1733 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1734 ok unload 1735 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1736 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1737 described here. 1738 1739 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1740 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386 1741 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the 1742 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break. 1743 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1744 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. 1745 1746 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1747 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1748 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1749 that is hard to boot to recover. 1750 1751 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1752 cvs prune empty directories. Also, if CPUTYPE is defined in your 1753 /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the "?=" instead of the "=" assignment 1754 operator, so that buildworld can override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1755 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything, 1756 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x 1757 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue 1758 using your existing software for a while. 1759 1760 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be 1761 initialized by feeding data into it. /usr/src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom 1762 takes care of this. 1763FORMAT: 1764 1765This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1766breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1767and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1768previous releases if your system is older than this. 1769 1770Copyright information: 1771 1772Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1773 1774Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1775modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1776document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1777 1778THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1779IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1780WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1781DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1782INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1783(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1784SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1785HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1786STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1787IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1788POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1789 1790If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1791author a beer. 1792 1793Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1794this document. 1795 1796$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 134222 2004-08-23 18:47:13Z imp $ 1797