atomic.h revision 254614
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 *
14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24 * SUCH DAMAGE.
25 *
26 * $FreeBSD: head/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h 254614 2013-08-21 21:30:06Z jkim $
27 */
28#ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29#define	_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30
31#ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
32#error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
33#endif
34
35#define	mb()	__asm __volatile("mfence;" : : : "memory")
36#define	wmb()	__asm __volatile("sfence;" : : : "memory")
37#define	rmb()	__asm __volatile("lfence;" : : : "memory")
38
39/*
40 * Various simple operations on memory, each of which is atomic in the
41 * presence of interrupts and multiple processors.
42 *
43 * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) |= (V))
44 * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) &= ~(V))
45 * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) += (V))
46 * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) -= (V))
47 *
48 * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) |= (V))
49 * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) &= ~(V))
50 * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) += (V))
51 * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) -= (V))
52 *
53 * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) |= (V))
54 * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) &= ~(V))
55 * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) += (V))
56 * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) -= (V))
57 * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return (*(u_int *)(P)); *(u_int *)(P) = 0;)
58 *
59 * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) |= (V))
60 * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) &= ~(V))
61 * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) += (V))
62 * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) -= (V))
63 * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return (*(u_long *)(P)); *(u_long *)(P) = 0;)
64 */
65
66/*
67 * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
68 * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
69 * built.
70 *
71 * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
72 * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
73 */
74#if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM)
75#define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
76void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v);	\
77void atomic_##NAME##_barr_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
78
79int	atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int expect, u_int src);
80int	atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long expect, u_long src);
81u_int	atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v);
82u_long	atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v);
83
84#define	ATOMIC_LOAD(TYPE, LOP)					\
85u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)
86#define	ATOMIC_STORE(TYPE)					\
87void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
88
89#else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
90
91/*
92 * For userland, always use lock prefixes so that the binaries will run
93 * on both SMP and !SMP systems.
94 */
95#if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
96#define	MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
97#else
98#define	MPLOCKED
99#endif
100
101/*
102 * The assembly is volatilized to avoid code chunk removal by the compiler.
103 * GCC aggressively reorders operations and memory clobbering is necessary
104 * in order to avoid that for memory barriers.
105 */
106#define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
107static __inline void					\
108atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
109{							\
110	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
111	: "+m" (*p)					\
112	: CONS (V)					\
113	: "cc");					\
114}							\
115							\
116static __inline void					\
117atomic_##NAME##_barr_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
118{							\
119	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
120	: "+m" (*p)					\
121	: CONS (V)					\
122	: "memory", "cc");				\
123}							\
124struct __hack
125
126/*
127 * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
128 *
129 * if (*dst == expect) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
130 *
131 * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
132 */
133
134static __inline int
135atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int expect, u_int src)
136{
137	u_char res;
138
139	__asm __volatile(
140	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
141	"	cmpxchgl %3,%1 ;	"
142	"       sete	%0 ;		"
143	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
144	: "=q" (res),			/* 0 */
145	  "+m" (*dst),			/* 1 */
146	  "+a" (expect)			/* 2 */
147	: "r" (src)			/* 3 */
148	: "memory", "cc");
149
150	return (res);
151}
152
153static __inline int
154atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long expect, u_long src)
155{
156	u_char res;
157
158	__asm __volatile(
159	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
160	"	cmpxchgq %3,%1 ;	"
161	"       sete	%0 ;		"
162	"# atomic_cmpset_long"
163	: "=q" (res),			/* 0 */
164	  "+m" (*dst),			/* 1 */
165	  "+a" (expect)			/* 2 */
166	: "r" (src)			/* 3 */
167	: "memory", "cc");
168
169	return (res);
170}
171
172/*
173 * Atomically add the value of v to the integer pointed to by p and return
174 * the previous value of *p.
175 */
176static __inline u_int
177atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v)
178{
179
180	__asm __volatile(
181	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
182	"	xaddl	%0,%1 ;		"
183	"# atomic_fetchadd_int"
184	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 */
185	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */
186	: : "cc");
187	return (v);
188}
189
190/*
191 * Atomically add the value of v to the long integer pointed to by p and return
192 * the previous value of *p.
193 */
194static __inline u_long
195atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v)
196{
197
198	__asm __volatile(
199	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
200	"	xaddq	%0,%1 ;		"
201	"# atomic_fetchadd_long"
202	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 */
203	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */
204	: : "cc");
205	return (v);
206}
207
208/*
209 * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.  Due to the
210 * IA32 memory model, a simple store guarantees release semantics.
211 *
212 * However, loads may pass stores, so for atomic_load_acq we have to
213 * ensure a Store/Load barrier to do the load in SMP kernels.  We use
214 * "lock cmpxchg" as recommended by the AMD Software Optimization
215 * Guide, and not mfence.  For UP kernels, however, the cache of the
216 * single processor is always consistent, so we only need to take care
217 * of the compiler.
218 */
219#define	ATOMIC_STORE(TYPE)				\
220static __inline void					\
221atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
222{							\
223	__compiler_membar();				\
224	*p = v;						\
225}							\
226struct __hack
227
228#if defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(SMP)
229
230#define	ATOMIC_LOAD(TYPE, LOP)				\
231static __inline u_##TYPE				\
232atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
233{							\
234	u_##TYPE tmp;					\
235							\
236	tmp = *p;					\
237	__compiler_membar();				\
238	return (tmp);					\
239}							\
240struct __hack
241
242#else /* !(_KERNEL && !SMP) */
243
244#define	ATOMIC_LOAD(TYPE, LOP)				\
245static __inline u_##TYPE				\
246atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
247{							\
248	u_##TYPE res;					\
249							\
250	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
251	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */		\
252	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
253	: : "memory", "cc");				\
254							\
255	return (res);					\
256}							\
257struct __hack
258
259#endif /* _KERNEL && !SMP */
260
261#endif /* KLD_MODULE || !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
262
263ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
264ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
265ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
266ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
267
268ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
269ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
270ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
271ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
272
273ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
274ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
275ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
276ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
277
278ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
279ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
280ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
281ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
282
283ATOMIC_LOAD(char,  "cmpxchgb %b0,%1");
284ATOMIC_LOAD(short, "cmpxchgw %w0,%1");
285ATOMIC_LOAD(int,   "cmpxchgl %0,%1");
286ATOMIC_LOAD(long,  "cmpxchgq %0,%1");
287
288ATOMIC_STORE(char);
289ATOMIC_STORE(short);
290ATOMIC_STORE(int);
291ATOMIC_STORE(long);
292
293#undef ATOMIC_ASM
294#undef ATOMIC_LOAD
295#undef ATOMIC_STORE
296
297#ifndef WANT_FUNCTIONS
298
299/* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
300#ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
301
302static __inline u_int
303atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *p)
304{
305	u_int res;
306
307	res = 0;
308	__asm __volatile(
309	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
310	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
311	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
312	  "+m" (*p));			/* 1 */
313
314	return (res);
315}
316
317static __inline u_long
318atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *p)
319{
320	u_long res;
321
322	res = 0;
323	__asm __volatile(
324	"	xchgq	%1,%0 ;		"
325	"# atomic_readandclear_long"
326	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
327	  "+m" (*p));			/* 1 */
328
329	return (res);
330}
331
332#else /* !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
333
334u_int	atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *p);
335u_long	atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *p);
336
337#endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
338
339#define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_barr_char
340#define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_barr_char
341#define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_barr_char
342#define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_barr_char
343#define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_barr_char
344#define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_barr_char
345#define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_barr_char
346#define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_barr_char
347
348#define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_barr_short
349#define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_barr_short
350#define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_barr_short
351#define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_barr_short
352#define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_barr_short
353#define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_barr_short
354#define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_barr_short
355#define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_barr_short
356
357#define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_barr_int
358#define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_barr_int
359#define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_barr_int
360#define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_barr_int
361#define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_barr_int
362#define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_barr_int
363#define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_barr_int
364#define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_barr_int
365#define	atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
366#define	atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
367
368#define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_barr_long
369#define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_barr_long
370#define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_barr_long
371#define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_barr_long
372#define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_barr_long
373#define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_barr_long
374#define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_barr_long
375#define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_barr_long
376#define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_long
377#define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_long
378
379/* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
380#define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
381#define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
382#define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
383#define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
384#define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
385#define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
386#define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
387#define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
388#define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
389#define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
390#define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
391#define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
392#define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
393#define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
394
395/* Operations on 16-bit words. */
396#define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
397#define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
398#define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
399#define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
400#define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
401#define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
402#define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
403#define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
404#define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
405#define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
406#define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
407#define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
408#define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
409#define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
410
411/* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
412#define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
413#define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
414#define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
415#define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
416#define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
417#define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
418#define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
419#define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
420#define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
421#define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
422#define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
423#define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
424#define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
425#define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
426#define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
427#define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
428#define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
429#define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
430#define	atomic_fetchadd_32	atomic_fetchadd_int
431
432/* Operations on 64-bit quad words. */
433#define	atomic_set_64		atomic_set_long
434#define	atomic_set_acq_64	atomic_set_acq_long
435#define	atomic_set_rel_64	atomic_set_rel_long
436#define	atomic_clear_64		atomic_clear_long
437#define	atomic_clear_acq_64	atomic_clear_acq_long
438#define	atomic_clear_rel_64	atomic_clear_rel_long
439#define	atomic_add_64		atomic_add_long
440#define	atomic_add_acq_64	atomic_add_acq_long
441#define	atomic_add_rel_64	atomic_add_rel_long
442#define	atomic_subtract_64	atomic_subtract_long
443#define	atomic_subtract_acq_64	atomic_subtract_acq_long
444#define	atomic_subtract_rel_64	atomic_subtract_rel_long
445#define	atomic_load_acq_64	atomic_load_acq_long
446#define	atomic_store_rel_64	atomic_store_rel_long
447#define	atomic_cmpset_64	atomic_cmpset_long
448#define	atomic_cmpset_acq_64	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
449#define	atomic_cmpset_rel_64	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
450#define	atomic_readandclear_64	atomic_readandclear_long
451
452/* Operations on pointers. */
453#define	atomic_set_ptr		atomic_set_long
454#define	atomic_set_acq_ptr	atomic_set_acq_long
455#define	atomic_set_rel_ptr	atomic_set_rel_long
456#define	atomic_clear_ptr	atomic_clear_long
457#define	atomic_clear_acq_ptr	atomic_clear_acq_long
458#define	atomic_clear_rel_ptr	atomic_clear_rel_long
459#define	atomic_add_ptr		atomic_add_long
460#define	atomic_add_acq_ptr	atomic_add_acq_long
461#define	atomic_add_rel_ptr	atomic_add_rel_long
462#define	atomic_subtract_ptr	atomic_subtract_long
463#define	atomic_subtract_acq_ptr	atomic_subtract_acq_long
464#define	atomic_subtract_rel_ptr	atomic_subtract_rel_long
465#define	atomic_load_acq_ptr	atomic_load_acq_long
466#define	atomic_store_rel_ptr	atomic_store_rel_long
467#define	atomic_cmpset_ptr	atomic_cmpset_long
468#define	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
469#define	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
470#define	atomic_readandclear_ptr	atomic_readandclear_long
471
472#endif /* !WANT_FUNCTIONS */
473
474#endif /* !_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
475