antarctica revision 20091
1# @(#)antarctica 7.5 2 3# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 4# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; 5# see <URL:http://earth.agu.org/amen/nations.html> (1996-05-24). 6# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. 7# 8# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome! 9# FORMAT is `___' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. 10 11# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file. 12# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 13Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - 14Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S 15Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 - 16Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S 17Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 - 18Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S 19Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - 20Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S 21Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 - 22Rule ChileAQ 1969 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S 23Rule ChileAQ 1970 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 - 24 25 26# Argentina - 6 year-round bases 27# General Belgrano II 28# 5 others 29 30# Australia - territories 31# Heard Island, McDonald Islands 32# 33# year-round bases 34# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, since 1969 35# Davis, Vestfold Hills, since 1957-01-13 (except 1965-01 - 1969-02) 36# Mawson, Holme Bay, since 1954-02-13 37# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 38Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - ___ 1969 39 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time 40#Zone Antartica/Davis unknown 41Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - ___ 1954 Feb 13 42 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time 43# References: 44# <URL:http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html> (1996-07-15) 45# <URL:http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html> (1996-04-19) 46 47# Brazil - year-round base 48# Ferraz, King George Island, since 1983/4 49 50# Chile - 4 year-round bases 51 52# China - year-round bases 53# Great Wall, King George Island, since 1985-02-20 54# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, since 1989-02-26 55 56# Finland - year-round base 57# Aboa, Queen Maud Land, since 1988 58 59# France 60# 61# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants 62# Amsterdam Island 63# Crozet Islands 64# Kerguelen Islands 65# St Paul Island 66# 67# year-round base 68# Dumont d'Urville, Adelie Land, since IGY 69 70# Germany - year-round base 71# Georg von Neumayer 72 73# India - year-round base 74# Dakshin Gangotri 75 76# Japan - year-round bases 77# Dome Fuji 78# Syowa 79 80# S Korea - year-round base 81# King Sejong, King George Island, since 1988 82 83# New Zealand - claims 84# Balleny Islands 85# Scott Island 86# 87# year-round base 88# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo. 89# 90# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file. 91# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 92Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D 93Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 94Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D 95Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 96Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S 97Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 98Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S 99 100# Norway - territories 101# Bouvet (uninhabited) 102# 103# claims 104# Peter I Island (uninhabited) 105 106# Poland - year-round base 107# Arctowski, King George Island, since 1977 108 109# Russia - year-round bases 110# Bellingshausen, King George Island 111# Mirny 112# Molodezhnaya 113# Novolazarevskaya 114# Vostok 115 116# S Africa - year-round bases 117# Marion Island 118# Sanae 119 120# UK 121# 122# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims 123# South Orkney Islands 124# South Shetland Islands 125# 126# year-round bases 127# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-2619, since 1956-01-06 128# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 129 130# Uruguay - year round base 131# Artigas, King George Island 132 133# USA - year-round bases 134# 135# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) 136# 137# From Ethan Dicks <erd@mcmsun5.mcmurdo.gov> (1996-10-06): 138# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us 139# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line.... 140# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980, 141# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War, 142# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina. 143# 144# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 145Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - ___ 1965 146 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 147 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May 148 -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT 149# 150# 151# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1956 152# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 153Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - ___ 1956 154 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT 155# 156# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, since 1957-01-23 157# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 158# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the 159# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit. 160# 161# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-06-27): 162# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, 163# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, 164# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 165# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, 166# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year 167# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.) 168# 169# From Susan Smith <URL:http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html> 170# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300): We use the same time as McMurdo does. 171# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... 172# One last quirk about South Pole time. 173# All the electric clocks are usually wrong. 174# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something 175# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, 176# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. 177# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! 178# 179Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole 180