1192886Sedwin# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2192886Sedwin# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 32744Swollman 458782Sru# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): 558782Sru# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see 658782Sru# COMNAP - Stations and Bases 7273719Sedwin# http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/ 843009Swollman# and 958782Sru# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) 10273719Sedwin# http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm 1143009Swollman# for information. 1219876Swollman# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. 132744Swollman 14309576Sglebius# FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. 15309576Sglebius 1658782Sru# Argentina - year-round bases 1758782Sru# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 18270817Spluknet# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 19270817Spluknet# Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 20270817Spluknet# Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 2158782Sru# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 22270817Spluknet# San Mart��n, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 2358782Sru# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) 242744Swollman 2519876Swollman# Australia - territories 2630708Swollman# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) 2758782Sru# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered 2858782Sru# Margaret Turner reports 29273719Sedwin# http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html 30309576Sglebius# (1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST; 3158782Sru# presumably this is when they have visitors. 3219876Swollman# 3319876Swollman# year-round bases 3458782Sru# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 3558782Sru# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 3658782Sru# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) 3758782Sru# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 38199107Sedwin 39199107Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): 40199107Sedwin# Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: 41199107Sedwin# Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 42199107Sedwin# Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 43199107Sedwin# Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 44199107Sedwin# The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). 45199107Sedwin# 46199107Sedwin# Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) 47199107Sedwin# http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 48199107Sedwin# 49199107Sedwin# We have more background information here: 50199107Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html 51199107Sedwin 52205475Sedwin# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 53249692Sedwin# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... 54205475Sedwin# 55205475Sedwin# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. 56205475Sedwin# The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but 57205475Sedwin# has not been decided yet. 58205475Sedwin# 59205475Sedwin# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 60205475Sedwin# 20:00 UTC. 61205475Sedwin# 62205475Sedwin# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. 63205475Sedwin# 64205475Sedwin# Background: 65205475Sedwin# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html 66205475Sedwin 67309576Sglebius# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28): 68309576Sglebius# Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time 69309576Sglebius# zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016". 70309576Sglebius 7119876Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 72309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969 73309576Sglebius 8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00 74309576Sglebius 11:00 - +11 2010 Mar 5 2:00 75309576Sglebius 8:00 - +08 2011 Oct 28 2:00 76309576Sglebius 11:00 - +11 2012 Feb 21 17:00u 77309576Sglebius 8:00 - +08 2016 Oct 22 78309576Sglebius 11:00 - +11 79309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13 80309576Sglebius 7:00 - +07 1964 Nov 81309576Sglebius 0 - -00 1969 Feb 82309576Sglebius 7:00 - +07 2009 Oct 18 2:00 83309576Sglebius 5:00 - +05 2010 Mar 10 20:00u 84309576Sglebius 7:00 - +07 2011 Oct 28 2:00 85309576Sglebius 5:00 - +05 2012 Feb 21 20:00u 86309576Sglebius 7:00 - +07 87309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - -00 1954 Feb 13 88309576Sglebius 6:00 - +06 2009 Oct 18 2:00 89309576Sglebius 5:00 - +05 9019876Swollman# References: 9143009Swollman# Casey Weather (1998-02-26) 92273719Sedwin# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html 9343009Swollman# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) 94273719Sedwin# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html 9543009Swollman# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) 96273719Sedwin# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html 9714338Swollman 98270817Spluknet# Belgium - year-round base 99270817Spluknet# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 100270817Spluknet 10119876Swollman# Brazil - year-round base 102270817Spluknet# Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 10314338Swollman 104270817Spluknet# Bulgaria - year-round base 105270817Spluknet# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 106270817Spluknet 10786218Swollman# Chile - year-round bases and towns 10858782Sru# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 109270817Spluknet# Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 110270817Spluknet# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 111270817Spluknet# Prat, -6230-05941 112149511Swollman# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 11386218Swollman# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. 11414338Swollman 11519876Swollman# China - year-round bases 116149511Swollman# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 117149511Swollman# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 11819876Swollman 119270817Spluknet# France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") 12019876Swollman# 121153667Swollman# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): 122273719Sedwin# Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP 12330708Swollman# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). 124270817Spluknet# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Ad��lie bases 125270817Spluknet# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Ad��lie supplies came 12630708Swollman# from Tasmania. 12730708Swollman# 12819876Swollman# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants 12919876Swollman# 130270817Spluknet# Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964; 131270817Spluknet# sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+; 132270817Spluknet# see Indian/Reunion. 133270817Spluknet# 134270817Spluknet# Martin-de-Vivi��s, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 135270817Spluknet# Port-aux-Fran��ais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; 13658782Sru# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 13730708Swollman# 13858782Sru# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited 13958782Sru# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 14030708Swollman# 14130708Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 142309576SglebiusZone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - -00 1950 # Port-aux-Fran��ais 143309576Sglebius 5:00 - +05 14430708Swollman# 14530708Swollman# year-round base in the main continent 146270817Spluknet# Dumont d'Urville, ��le des P��trels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 147270817Spluknet# <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05) 14830708Swollman# 14930708Swollman# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. 15030708Swollman# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. 15130708Swollman# 15230708Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 153309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - -00 1947 154309576Sglebius 10:00 - +10 1952 Jan 14 155309576Sglebius 0 - -00 1956 Nov 156309576Sglebius 10:00 - +10 15719876Swollman 158270817Spluknet# France & Italy - year-round base 159270817Spluknet# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 160270817Spluknet 16119876Swollman# Germany - year-round base 162270817Spluknet# Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 16319876Swollman 164270817Spluknet# India - year-round bases 165270817Spluknet# Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 166270817Spluknet# Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 16719876Swollman 168270817Spluknet# Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") 169270817Spluknet# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 170270817Spluknet 17119876Swollman# Japan - year-round bases 172270817Spluknet# Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957 17358782Sru# 17458782Sru# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): 175153667Swollman# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. 17658782Sru# 17758782Sru# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, 17858782Sru# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main 17958782Sru# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. 18058782Sru# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 181309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29 182309576Sglebius 3:00 - +03 18358782Sru# See: 18458782Sru# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) 185273719Sedwin# http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html 18619876Swollman 18719876Swollman# S Korea - year-round base 188270817Spluknet# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 189149511Swollman# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 19019876Swollman 19119876Swollman# New Zealand - claims 19230708Swollman# Balleny Islands (never inhabited) 19330708Swollman# Scott Island (never inhabited) 19419876Swollman# 19519876Swollman# year-round base 196257697Sedwin# Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. 197257697Sedwin# See Pacific/Auckland. 19819876Swollman 19919876Swollman# Norway - territories 20030708Swollman# Bouvet (never inhabited) 20119876Swollman# 20219876Swollman# claims 20330708Swollman# Peter I Island (never inhabited) 204263906Sedwin# 205263906Sedwin# year-round base 206263906Sedwin# Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 207263906Sedwin# 208263906Sedwin# From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): 209263906Sedwin# I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. 210263906Sedwin# In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: 211263906Sedwin# GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March 212263906Sedwin# GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October 213263906Sedwin# GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 214263906Sedwin# GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 215263906Sedwin# The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely 216263906Sedwin# correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. 217263906Sedwin# 218263906Sedwin# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21): 219309576Sglebius# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as 220263906Sedwin# suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate 221263906Sedwin# with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent. 222263906Sedwin# 223263906Sedwin# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 224309576Sglebius#Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 +01 225309576SglebiusRule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 +02 226309576Sglebius#Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 +01 227309576Sglebius#Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 +00 228263906Sedwin# Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines. 229309576SglebiusRule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 +00 230263906Sedwin# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 231309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Troll 0 - -00 2005 Feb 12 232273719Sedwin 0:00 Troll %s 23319876Swollman 23419876Swollman# Poland - year-round base 23558782Sru# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 23619876Swollman 237270817Spluknet# Romania - year-bound base 238270817Spluknet# Law-Racovi����, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 239270817Spluknet 24019876Swollman# Russia - year-round bases 24158782Sru# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 24258782Sru# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 243149511Swollman# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, 244149511Swollman# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 24575264Swollman# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, 24675264Swollman# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 24719876Swollman 24875264Swollman# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 249273719Sedwin# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): 250273719Sedwin# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP 25175264Swollman# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same 25275264Swollman# time as Moscow, Russia. 25375264Swollman# 25475264Swollman# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): 25575264Swollman# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is 25675264Swollman# what they had to say about time there: 257257697Sedwin# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) 25875264Swollman# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was 25975264Swollman# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead 26075264Swollman# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The 261257697Sedwin# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." 26275264Swollman# 26386218Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): 26486218Swollman# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it 265270817Spluknet# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local 26686218Swollman# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this 26786218Swollman# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean 26886218Swollman# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks 26986218Swollman# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time 270309576Sglebius# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06. 27186218Swollman# 272309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16 273309576Sglebius 6:00 - +06 27475264Swollman 27519876Swollman# S Africa - year-round bases 276149511Swollman# Marion Island, -4653+03752 277270817Spluknet# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 27819876Swollman 279270817Spluknet# Ukraine - year-round base 280270817Spluknet# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 281270817Spluknet 282270817Spluknet# United Kingdom 28319876Swollman# 28419876Swollman# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims 28519876Swollman# South Orkney Islands 28630708Swollman# scientific station from 1903 28758782Sru# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 28819876Swollman# South Shetland Islands 28919876Swollman# 29019876Swollman# year-round bases 29158782Sru# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 29275264Swollman# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, 29375264Swollman# scientific station 1943/1967, 29475264Swollman# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, 29575264Swollman# and a garrison was deployed briefly 29675264Swollman# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 29775264Swollman# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated 29875264Swollman# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. 29919876Swollman# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 300114170Swollman# 301114170Swollman# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) 302114170Swollman# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. 303114170Swollman# 304114170Swollman# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 305309576SglebiusZone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - -00 1976 Dec 1 306309576Sglebius -3:00 - -03 30719876Swollman 30819876Swollman# Uruguay - year round base 30958782Sru# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 31019876Swollman 31119876Swollman# USA - year-round bases 31219876Swollman# 31320091Swollman# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) 314283043Sedwin# See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST. 31519876Swollman# 316257697Sedwin# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 317257697Sedwin# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 31819876Swollman# 319153667Swollman# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): 32019876Swollman# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, 32119876Swollman# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, 32219876Swollman# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 32319876Swollman# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, 32419876Swollman# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year 325270817Spluknet# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.) 32619876Swollman# 32743009Swollman# From Susan Smith 32843009Swollman# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html 32943009Swollman# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): 33043009Swollman# We use the same time as McMurdo does. 33119876Swollman# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... 33219876Swollman# One last quirk about South Pole time. 33319876Swollman# All the electric clocks are usually wrong. 33419876Swollman# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something 33519876Swollman# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, 33619876Swollman# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. 33719876Swollman# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! 33819876Swollman# 339257697Sedwin# See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo. 340