UPDATING revision 254274
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130813: 35 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 36 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 37 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 38 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 39 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 40 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 41 4220130806: 43 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 44 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 45 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 46 explicitly. 47 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 48 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 49 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 50 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 51 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 52 5320130806: 54 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 55 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 56 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 57 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 58 to r253970 or later. 59 6020130802: 61 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 62 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 63 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 64 would result: 65 66 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 67 68 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 69 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 70 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 71 old as well as the new version of find. 72 7320130726: 74 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 75 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 76 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 77 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 78 subdirectories must be reviewed. 79 8020130716: 81 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 82 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 83 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 84 85 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 86 87 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 88 users are advised to upgrade. 89 9020130709: 91 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 92 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 93 9420130709: 95 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 96 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 97 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 98 9920130629: 100 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 101 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 102 103 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 104 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 105 overloading the machine. 106 10720130618: 108 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 109 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 110 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 111 write access to that file. 112 11320130615: 114 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 115 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 116 11720130613: 118 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 119 120 make: illegal option -- J 121 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 122 ... 123 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 124 125 this likely due to an old instance of make in 126 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 127 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 128 you see the above error: 129 130 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 131 132 should resolve it. 133 13420130516: 135 Use bmake by default. 136 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 137 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 138 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 139 140 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 141 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 142 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 143 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 144 behavior in parallel build. 145 14620130429: 147 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 148 14920130426: 150 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 151 the IDEA patent expired. 152 15320130426: 154 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 155 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 156 enabled by default. 157 15820130425: 159 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 160 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 161 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 162 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 163 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 164 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 165 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 166 && make install). 167 16820130404: 169 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 170 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 171 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 172 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 173 and removed. 174 17520130319: 176 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 177 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 178 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 179 binaries will not work on older kernels. 180 18120130308: 182 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 183 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 184 18520130304: 186 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 187 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 188 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 189 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 190 is requested. 191 192 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 193 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 194 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 195 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 196 in /boot/loader.conf. 197 19820130301: 199 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 200 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 201 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 202 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 203 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 204 20520130208: 206 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 207 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 208 209 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 210 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 211 21220130129: 213 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 214 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 215 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 216 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 217 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 218 21920130121: 220 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 221 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 222 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 223 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 224 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 225 /etc/src.conf. 226 22720130118: 228 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 229 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 230 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 231 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 232 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 233 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 234 use is expected to be extremely rare. 235 23620121223: 237 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 238 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 239 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 240 24120121222: 242 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 243 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 244 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 245 be updated. 246 24720121217: 248 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 249 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 250 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 251 252 savecore_flags="" 253 25420121201: 255 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 256 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 257 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 258 25920121117: 260 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 261 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 262 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 263 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 264 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 265 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 266 26720121105: 268 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 269 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 270 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 271 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 272 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 273 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 274 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 275 branch point). 276 27720121102: 278 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 279 functionality now turned on by default. 280 28120121023: 282 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 283 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 284 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 285 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 286 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 287 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 288 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 289 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 290 of the two kernel options. 291 29220121023: 293 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 294 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 295 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 296 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 297 29820121022: 299 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 300 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 301 recompiled. 302 30320121018: 304 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 305 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 306 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 307 30820121016: 309 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 310 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 311 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 312 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 313 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 314 31520121015: 316 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 317 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 318 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 319 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 320 32120121014: 322 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 323 32420121013: 325 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 326 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 327 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 328 knob has also gone. 329 33020121006: 331 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 332 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 333 with new kernel. 334 33520121001: 336 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 337 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 338 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 339 34020120913: 341 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 342 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 343 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 344 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 345 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 346 configurations. 347 34820120908: 349 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 350 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 351 35220120828: 353 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 354 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 355 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 356 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 357 manual page. 358 35920120727: 360 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 361 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 362 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 363 36420120712: 365 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 366 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 367 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 368 36920120712: 370 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 371 with other variables: 372 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 373 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 374 37520120628: 376 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 377 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 378 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 379 installed as "bsdsort". 380 38120120611: 382 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 383 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 384 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 385 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 386 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 387 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 388 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 389 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 390 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 391 39220120417: 393 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 394 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 395 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 396 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 397 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 398 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 399 NAMESPACE section). 400 40120120328: 402 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 403 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 404 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 405 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 406 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 407 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 408 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 409 41020120306: 411 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 412 platforms. 413 41420120229: 415 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 416 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 417 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 418 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 419 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 420 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 421 42220120211: 423 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 424 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 425 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 426 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 427 comes from 20111215. 428 42920120114: 430 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 431 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 432 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 433 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 434 435 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 436 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 437 43820120109: 439 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 440 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 441 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 442 tunable/sysctl. 443 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 444 44520111215: 446 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 447 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 448 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 449 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 450 not supported anymore. 451 452 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 453 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 454 need to be recompiled. 455 45620111122: 457 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 458 /dev/wmistat0. 459 46020111108: 461 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 462 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 463 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 464 time. 465 46620111101: 467 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 468 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 469 47020110930: 471 sysinstall has been removed 472 47320110923: 474 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 475 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 476 47720110913: 478 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 479 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 480 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 481 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 482 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 483 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 484 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 485 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 486 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 487 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 488 48920110828: 490 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 491 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 492 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 493 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 494 49520110815: 496 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 497 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 498 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 499 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 500 501 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 502 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 503 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 504 50520110628: 506 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 507 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 508 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 509 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 510 51120110608: 512 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 513 machdep.hlt_cpus 514 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 515 The following sysctl is retired: 516 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 517 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 518 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 519 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 520 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 521 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 522 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 523 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 524 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 525 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 526 a default scheduler. 527 52820110607: 529 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 530 a mask of CPUs. 531 53220110531: 533 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 534 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 535 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 536 world. 537 53820110513: 539 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 540 54120110503: 542 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 543 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 544 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 545 drivers need to be recompiled. 546 547 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 548 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 549 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 550 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 551 branches. 552 55320110430: 554 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 555 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 556 55720110427: 558 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 559 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 560 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 561 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 562 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 563 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 564 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 565 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 566 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 567 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 568 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 569 570 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 571 572 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 573 a diskless root fs use the old client. 574 57520110424: 576 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 577 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 578 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 579 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 580 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 581 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 582 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 583 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 584 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 585 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 586 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 587 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 588 589 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 590 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 591 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 592 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 593 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 594 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 595 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 596 them are parts of the cam module. 597 598 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 599 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 600 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 601 602 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 603 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 604 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 605 options ATA_CAM 606 device ahci 607 device mvs 608 device siis 609 , and instead add back: 610 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 611 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 612 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 613 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 614 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 615 61620110423: 617 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 618 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 619 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 620 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 621 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 622 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 623 62420110418: 625 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 626 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 627 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 628 62920110331: 630 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 631 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 632 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 633 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 634 in order to use ath on everything else. 635 636 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 637 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 638 63920110314: 640 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 641 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 642 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 643 64420110218: 645 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 646 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 647 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 648 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 649 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 650 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 651 65220110218: 653 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 654 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 655 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 656 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 657 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 658 authentication). 659 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 660 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 661 66220110207: 663 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 664 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 665 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 666 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 667 The function remains undocumented. 668 66920110112: 670 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 671 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 672 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 673 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 674 systems where the define is not present can check against 675 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 676 677 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 678 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 679 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 680 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 681 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 682 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 683 68420110103: 685 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 686 the following warning: 687 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 688 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 689 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 690 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 691 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 692 install it on your system. 693 694 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 695 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 696 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 697 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 698 69920101228: 700 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 701 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 702 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 703 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 704 be recompiled. 705 70620101114: 707 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 708 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 709 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 710 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 711 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 712 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 713 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 714 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 715 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 716 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 717 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 718 it, for example via: 719 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 720 721 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 722 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 723 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 724 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 725 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 726 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 727 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 728 729 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 730 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 731 73220101111: 733 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 734 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 735 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 736 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 737 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 738 73920101002: 740 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 741 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 742 migrate local entries to the new format. 743 74420100928: 745 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 746 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 747 upstream sshd. 748 74920100915: 750 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 751 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 752 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 753 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 754 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 755 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 756 75720100913: 758 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 759 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 760 761 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 762 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 763 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 764 default is "AUTO". 765 766 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 767 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 768 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 769 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 770 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 771 772 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 773 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 774 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 775 77620100913: 777 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 778 now i386 and amd64 only. 779 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 780 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 781 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 782 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 783 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 784 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 785 78620100725: 787 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 788 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 789 79020100722: 791 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 792 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 793 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 794 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 795 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 796 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 797 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 798 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 799 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 800 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 801 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 802 80320100713: 804 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 805 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 806 machine powerpc powerpc 807 808 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 809 after this change. 810 81120100713: 812 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 813 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 814 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 815 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 816 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 817 81820100429: 819 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 820 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 821 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 822 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 823 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 824 82520100402: 826 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 827 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 828 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 829 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 830 WITH_CTF=yes"). 831 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 832 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 833 to unwanted behavior. 834 83520100311: 836 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 837 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 838 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 839 be modified accordingly. 840 84120100113: 842 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 843 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 844 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 845 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 846 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 847 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 848 849 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 850 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 851 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 852 use of utmpx. 853 854 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 855 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 856 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 857 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 858 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 859 86020100108: 861 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 862 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 863 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 864 86520091202: 866 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 867 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 868 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 869 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 870 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 871 872 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 873 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 874 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 875 876 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 877 87820091125: 879 8.0-RELEASE. 880 88120091113: 882 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 883 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 884 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 885 operation of applications on the console. 886 887 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 888 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 889 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 890 cons25. 891 892 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 893 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 894 performed by syscons(4). 895 89620091109: 897 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 898 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 899 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 900 901 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 902 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 903 new structure. 904 90520091025: 906 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 907 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 908 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 909 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 910 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 911 iwn5150fw. 912 91320090926: 914 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 915 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 916 917 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 918 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 919 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 920 921 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 922 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 923 924 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 925 they are obsolete. 926 927 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 928 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 929 930 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 931 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 932 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 933 934 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 935 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 936 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 937 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 938 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 939 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 940 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 941 using ifconfig(8) like: 942 943 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 944 945 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 946 IPv6-preferred. 947 948 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 949 950 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 951 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 952 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 953 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 954 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 955 95620090922: 957 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 958 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 959 96020090912: 961 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 962 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 963 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 964 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 965 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 966 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 967 96820090910: 969 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 970 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 971 97220090825: 973 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 974 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 975 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 976 is 1000. 977 97820090813: 979 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 980 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 981 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 982 98320090803: 984 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 985 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 986 98720090719: 988 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 989 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 990 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 991 99220090714: 993 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 994 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 995 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 996 99720090713: 998 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 999 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 1000 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 1001 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 1002 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 1003 100420090712: 1005 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 1006 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 1007 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 1008 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 1009 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1010 101120090630: 1012 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 1013 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 1014 may need to be adjusted. 1015 101620090629: 1017 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 1018 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 1019 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 1020 with routing sockets. 1021 102220090628: 1023 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 1024 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 1025 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 1026 102720090624: 1028 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 1029 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 1030 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1031 800100. 1032 103320090622: 1034 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 1035 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 1036 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 1037 103820090619: 1039 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 1040 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 1041 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 1042 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 1043 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 1044 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 1045 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1046 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1047 1048 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1049 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1050 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1051 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1052 authentication method is used. 1053 105420090616: 1055 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1056 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1057 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1058 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1059 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1060 106120090613: 1062 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1063 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1064 106520090611: 1066 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1067 be rebuilt. 1068 106920090608: 1070 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1071 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1072 107320090602: 1074 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1075 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1076 107720090601: 1078 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1079 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1080 re-compiled. 1081 108220090601: 1083 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1084 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1085 rebuilt. 1086 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1087 108820090530: 1089 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1090 more valid. 1091 109220090530: 1093 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1094 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1095 109620090529: 1097 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1098 rebuilt. 1099 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1100 110120090528: 1102 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1103 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1104 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1105 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1106 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1107 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1108 110920090527: 1110 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1111 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1112 111320090523: 1114 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1115 need to be rebuilt. 1116 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1117 111820090523: 1119 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1120 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1121 112220090520: 1123 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1124 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1125 112620090520: 1127 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1128 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1129 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1130 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1131 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1132 113320090430: 1134 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1135 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1136 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1137 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1138 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1139 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1140 114120090429: 1142 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1143 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1144 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1145 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1146 1147 For kernel developers: 1148 1149 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1150 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1151 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1152 1153 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1154 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1155 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1156 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1157 1158 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1159 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1160 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1161 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1162 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1163 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1164 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1165 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1166 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1167 multicast membership on-link. 1168 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1169 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1170 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1171 1172 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1173 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1174 stack. 1175 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1176 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1177 semantics. 1178 1179 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1180 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1181 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1182 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1183 1184 For application developers: 1185 1186 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1187 stack. 1188 1189 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1190 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1191 1192 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1193 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1194 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1195 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1196 1197 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1198 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1199 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1200 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1201 Multicast Source Filters'. 1202 1203 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1204 1205 For systems administrators: 1206 1207 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1208 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1209 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1210 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1211 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1212 1213 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1214 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1215 1216 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1217 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1218 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1219 recommended for optimal system performance. 1220 1221 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1222 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1223 back forwarded datagrams. 1224 1225 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1226 122720090422: 1228 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1229 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1230 123120090419: 1232 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1233 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1234 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1235 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1236 123720090415: 1238 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1239 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1240 state will require a world rebuild. 1241 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1242 124320090415: 1244 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1245 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1246 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1247 124820090414: 1249 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1250 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1251 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1252 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1253 load balancing. 1254 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1255 125620090408: 1257 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1258 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1259 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1260 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1261 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1262 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1263 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1264 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1265 126620090407: 1267 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1268 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1269 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1270 127120090320: 1272 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1273 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1274 introduces some changes: 1275 1276 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1277 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1278 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1279 1280 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1281 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1282 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1283 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1284 1285 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1286 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1287 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1288 the "386BSD" type). 1289 1290 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1291 129220090319: 1293 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1294 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1295 (supported by sane). 1296 129720090319: 1298 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1299 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1300 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1301 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1302 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1303 130420090315: 1305 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1306 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1307 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1308 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1309 used. 1310 131120090313: 1312 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1313 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1314 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1315 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1316 131720090313: 1318 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1319 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1320 132120090309: 1322 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1323 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1324 1325 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1326 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1327 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1328 1329 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1330 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1331 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1332 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1333 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1334 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1335 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1336 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1337 1338 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1339 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1340 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1341 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1342 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1343 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1344 1345 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1346 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1347 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1348 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1349 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1350 1351 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1352 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1353 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1354 via IGMP. 1355 1356 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1357 recompiled to reflect this. 1358 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1359 136020090309: 1361 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1362 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1363 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1364 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1365 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1366 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1367 136820090302: 1369 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1370 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1371 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1372 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1373 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1374 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1375 137620090301: 1377 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1378 network device driver modules. 1379 138020090227: 1381 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1382 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1383 138420090223: 1385 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1386 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1387 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1388 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1389 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1390 apply. 1391 139220090217: 1393 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1394 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1395 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1396 use the new name. 1397 139820090216: 1399 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1400 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1401 add 1402 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1403 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1404 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1405 140620090215: 1407 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1408 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1409 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1410 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1411 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1412 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1413 1414 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1415 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1416 be used for this: 1417 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1418 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1419 142020090209: 1421 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1422 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1423 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1424 142520090203: 1426 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1427 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1428 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1429 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1430 same interface. 1431 143220090201: 1433 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1434 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1435 143620090119: 1437 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1438 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1439 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1440 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1441 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1442 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1443 144420090115: 1445 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1446 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1447 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1448 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1449 145020081225: 1451 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1452 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1453 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1454 in next mpd5.3 release. 1455 145620081219: 1457 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1458 the base system (it was a port). 1459 146020081216: 1461 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1462 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1463 146420081214: 1465 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1466 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1467 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1468 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1469 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1470 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1471 none of the L2 information. 1472 147320081130: 1474 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1475 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1476 1477 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1478 1479 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1480 1481 device ath_hal 1482 1483 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1484 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1485 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1486 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1487 148820081121: 1489 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1490 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1491 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1492 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1493 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1494 packets. 1495 149620081117: 1497 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1498 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1499 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1500 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1501 150220081028: 1503 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1504 150520081009: 1506 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1507 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1508 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1509 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1510 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1511 1512 uhci_load="YES" 1513 ehci_load="YES" 1514 151520081009: 1516 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1517 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1518 sync. 1519 152020081009: 1521 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1522 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1523 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1524 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1525 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1526 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1527 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1528 152920080820: 1530 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1531 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1532 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1533 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1534 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1535 1536 PCI/ISA: 1537 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1538 1539 USB: 1540 ubser, ucycom 1541 1542 Line disciplines: 1543 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1544 1545 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1546 cause compilation to fail. 1547 154820080818: 1549 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1550 155120080801: 1552 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1553 1554 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1555 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1556 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1557 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1558 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1559 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1560 accepting the RSA key. 1561 1562 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1563 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1564 command line. 1565 1566 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1567 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1568 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1569 behavior. 1570 157120080713: 1572 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1573 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1574 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1575 1576 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1577 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1578 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1579 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1580 use the new device names. 1581 1582 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1583 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1584 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1585 at the loader prompt: 1586 1587 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1588 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1589 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1590 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1591 boot -s 1592 159320080609: 1594 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1595 disks instead. 1596 159720080603: 1598 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1599 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1600 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1601 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1602 160320080525: 1604 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1605 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1606 160720080509: 1608 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1609 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1610 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1611 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1612 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1613 161420080420: 1615 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1616 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1617 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1618 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1619 For example, change: 1620 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1621 to 1622 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1623 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1624 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1625 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1626 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1627 1628 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1629 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1630 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1631 163220080408: 1633 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1634 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1635 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1636 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1637 other operation levels. 1638 163920080312: 1640 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1641 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1642 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1643 compatibility with any prior release: 1644 1645 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1646 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1647 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1648 164920080301: 1650 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1651 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1652 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1653 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1654 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1655 nonetheless. 1656 165720080229: 1658 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1659 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1660 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1661 with older hardware easier to do. 1662 166320080220: 1664 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1665 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1666 166720080211: 1668 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1669 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1670 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1671 firewall rules. 1672 167320080208: 1674 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1675 mbuf chains. 1676 167720080126: 1678 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1679 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1680 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1681 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1682 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1683 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1684 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1685 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1686 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1687 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1688 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1689 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1690 169120080123: 1692 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1693 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1694 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1695 169620071128: 1697 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1698 functionality is the default now. 1699 170020071118: 1701 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1702 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1703 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1704 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1705 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1706 1707 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1708 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1709 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1710 171120071024: 1712 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1713 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1714 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1715 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1716 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1717 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1718 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1719 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1720 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1721 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1722 however. 1723 172420071020: 1725 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1726 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1727 used kproc_start().. 1728 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1729 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1730 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1731 173220071010: 1733 RELENG_7 branched. 1734 1735COMMON ITEMS: 1736 1737 General Notes 1738 ------------- 1739 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1740 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1741 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1742 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1743 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1744 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1745 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1746 1747 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1748 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1749 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1750 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1751 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1752 1753 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1754 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1755 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1756 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1757 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1758 1759 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1760 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1761 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1762 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1763 1764 ZFS notes 1765 --------- 1766 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1767 these two steps: 1768 1769 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1770 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1771 1772 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1773 1774 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1775 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1776 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1777 1778 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1779 1780 To build a kernel 1781 ----------------- 1782 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1783 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1784 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1785 1786 make kernel-toolchain 1787 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1788 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1789 1790 To test a kernel once 1791 --------------------- 1792 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1793 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1794 debugging information) run 1795 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1796 nextboot -k testkernel 1797 1798 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1799 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1800 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1801 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1802 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1803 1804 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1805 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1806 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1807 make depend 1808 make 1809 make install 1810 1811 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1812 1813 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1814 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1815 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1816 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1817 1818 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1819 make buildworld 1820 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1821 [1] 1822 <reboot in single user> [3] 1823 mergemaster -p [5] 1824 make installworld 1825 mergemaster -i [4] 1826 make delete-old [6] 1827 <reboot> 1828 1829 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1830 -------------------------------------------------- 1831 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1832 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1833 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1834 # size. 1835 1836 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1837 <boot into -stable> 1838 make buildworld 1839 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1840 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1841 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1842 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1843 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1844 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1845 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1846 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1847 <reboot into current> 1848 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1849 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1850 <reboot> 1851 1852 1853 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1854 ---------------------------------------------- 1855 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1856 make buildworld [9] 1857 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1858 [1] 1859 <reboot in single user> [3] 1860 mergemaster -p [5] 1861 make installworld 1862 mergemaster -i [4] 1863 make delete-old [6] 1864 <reboot> 1865 1866 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1867 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1868 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1869 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1870 the UPDATING entries. 1871 1872 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1873 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1874 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1875 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1876 much fewer pitfalls. 1877 1878 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1879 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1880 system on reboot. 1881 1882 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1883 fsck -p 1884 mount -u / 1885 mount -a 1886 cd src 1887 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1888 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1889 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1890 1891 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1892 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1893 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1894 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1895 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1896 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1897 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1898 1899 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1900 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1901 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1902 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1903 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1904 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1905 1906 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1907 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1908 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1909 1910 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1911 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1912 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1913 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1914 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1915 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1916 1917 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1918 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1919 1920 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1921 cvs prune empty directories. 1922 1923 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1924 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1925 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1926 1927 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1928 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1929 warn if it is improperly defined. 1930FORMAT: 1931 1932This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1933breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1934list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1935If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1936to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1937 1938Copyright information: 1939 1940Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1941 1942Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1943modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1944document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1945 1946THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1947IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1948WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1949DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1950INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1951(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1952SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1953HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1954STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1955IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1956POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1957 1958Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1959this document. 1960 1961$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 254274 2013-08-13 07:31:27Z peter $ 1962