UPDATING revision 216591
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520101114: 26 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 27 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 28 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 29 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 30 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 31 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 32 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 33 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 34 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 35 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 36 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 37 it, for example via: 38 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 39 40 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 41 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 42 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 43 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 44 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 45 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 46 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 47 48 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 49 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 50 5120101111: 52 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 53 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 54 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 55 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 56 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 57 5820101002: 59 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 60 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 61 migrate local entries to the new format. 62 6320100928: 64 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 65 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 66 upstream sshd. 67 6820100915: 69 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 70 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 71 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 72 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 73 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 74 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 75 7620100913: 77 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 78 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 79 80 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 81 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 82 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 83 default is "AUTO". 84 85 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 86 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 87 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 88 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 89 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 90 91 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 92 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 93 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 94 9520100913: 96 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 97 now i386 and amd64 only. 98 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 99 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 100 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 101 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 102 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 103 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 104 10520100725: 106 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 107 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 108 10920100722: 110 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 111 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 112 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 113 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 114 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 115 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 116 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 117 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 118 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 119 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 120 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 121 12220100713: 123 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 124 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 125 machine powerpc powerpc 126 127 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 128 after this change. 129 13020100713: 131 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 132 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 133 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 134 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 135 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 136 13720100429: 138 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 139 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 140 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 141 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 142 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 143 14420100402: 145 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 146 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 147 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 148 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 149 WITH_CTF=yes"). 150 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 151 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 152 to unwanted behavior. 153 15420100311: 155 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 156 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 157 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 158 be modified accordingly. 159 16020100113: 161 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 162 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 163 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 164 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 165 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 166 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 167 168 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 169 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 170 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 171 use of utmpx. 172 173 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 174 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 175 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 176 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 177 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 178 17920100108: 180 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 181 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 182 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 183 18420091202: 185 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 186 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 187 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 188 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 189 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 190 191 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 192 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 193 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 194 195 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 196 19720091125: 198 8.0-RELEASE. 199 20020091113: 201 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 202 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 203 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 204 operation of applications on the console. 205 206 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 207 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 208 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 209 cons25. 210 211 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 212 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 213 performed by syscons(4). 214 21520091109: 216 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 217 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 218 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 219 220 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 221 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 222 new structure. 223 22420091025: 225 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 226 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 227 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 228 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 229 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 230 iwn5150fw. 231 23220090926: 233 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 234 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 235 236 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 237 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 238 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 239 240 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 241 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 242 243 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 244 they are obsolete. 245 246 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 247 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 248 249 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 250 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 251 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 252 253 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 254 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 255 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 256 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 257 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 258 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 259 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 260 using ifconfig(8) like: 261 262 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 263 264 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 265 IPv6-preferred. 266 267 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 268 269 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 270 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 271 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 272 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 273 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 274 27520090922: 276 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 277 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 278 27920090912: 280 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 281 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 282 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 283 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 284 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 285 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 286 28720090910: 288 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 289 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 290 29120090825: 292 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 293 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 294 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 295 is 1000. 296 29720090813: 298 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 299 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 300 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 301 30220090803: 303 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 304 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 305 30620090719: 307 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 308 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 309 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 310 31120090714: 312 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 313 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 314 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 315 31620090713: 317 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 318 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 319 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 320 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 321 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 322 32320090712: 324 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 325 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 326 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 327 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 328 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 329 33020090630: 331 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 332 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 333 may need to be adjusted. 334 33520090629: 336 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 337 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 338 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 339 with routing sockets. 340 34120090628: 342 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 343 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 344 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 345 34620090624: 347 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 348 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 349 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 350 800100. 351 35220090622: 353 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 354 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 355 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 356 35720090619: 358 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 359 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 360 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 361 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 362 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 363 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 364 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 365 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 366 367 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 368 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 369 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 370 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 371 authentication method is used. 372 37320090616: 374 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 375 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 376 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 377 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 378 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 379 38020090613: 381 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 382 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 383 38420090611: 385 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 386 be rebuilt. 387 38820090608: 389 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 390 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 391 39220090602: 393 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 394 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 395 39620090601: 397 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 398 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 399 re-compiled. 400 40120090601: 402 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 403 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 404 rebuilt. 405 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 406 40720090530: 408 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 409 more valid. 410 41120090530: 412 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 413 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 414 41520090529: 416 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 417 rebuilt. 418 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 419 42020090528: 421 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 422 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 423 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 424 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 425 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 426 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 427 42820090527: 429 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 430 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 431 43220090523: 433 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 434 need to be rebuilt. 435 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 436 43720090523: 438 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 439 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 440 44120090520: 442 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 443 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 444 44520090520: 446 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 447 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 448 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 449 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 450 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 451 45220090430: 453 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 454 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 455 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 456 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 457 correctly checking networking state from userland. 458 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 459 46020090429: 461 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 462 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 463 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 464 follows the IPv4 implementation. 465 466 For kernel developers: 467 468 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 469 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 470 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 471 472 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 473 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 474 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 475 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 476 477 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 478 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 479 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 480 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 481 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 482 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 483 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 484 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 485 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 486 multicast membership on-link. 487 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 488 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 489 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 490 491 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 492 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 493 stack. 494 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 495 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 496 semantics. 497 498 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 499 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 500 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 501 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 502 503 For application developers: 504 505 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 506 stack. 507 508 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 509 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 510 511 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 512 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 513 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 514 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 515 516 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 517 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 518 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 519 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 520 Multicast Source Filters'. 521 522 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 523 524 For systems administrators: 525 526 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 527 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 528 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 529 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 530 returned by getifaddrs(3). 531 532 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 533 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 534 535 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 536 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 537 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 538 recommended for optimal system performance. 539 540 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 541 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 542 back forwarded datagrams. 543 544 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 545 54620090422: 547 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 548 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 549 55020090419: 551 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 552 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 553 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 554 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 555 55620090415: 557 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 558 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 559 state will require a world rebuild. 560 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 561 56220090415: 563 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 564 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 565 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 566 56720090414: 568 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 569 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 570 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 571 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 572 load balancing. 573 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 574 57520090408: 576 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 577 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 578 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 579 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 580 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 581 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 582 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 583 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 584 58520090407: 586 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 587 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 588 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 589 59020090320: 591 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 592 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 593 introduces some changes: 594 595 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 596 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 597 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 598 599 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 600 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 601 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 602 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 603 604 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 605 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 606 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 607 the "386BSD" type). 608 609 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 610 61120090319: 612 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 613 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 614 (supported by sane). 615 61620090319: 617 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 618 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 619 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 620 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 621 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 622 62320090315: 624 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 625 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 626 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 627 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 628 used. 629 63020090313: 631 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 632 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 633 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 634 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 635 63620090313: 637 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 638 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 639 64020090309: 641 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 642 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 643 644 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 645 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 646 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 647 648 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 649 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 650 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 651 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 652 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 653 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 654 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 655 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 656 657 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 658 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 659 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 660 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 661 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 662 to preserve the existing behaviour. 663 664 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 665 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 666 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 667 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 668 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 669 670 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 671 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 672 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 673 via IGMP. 674 675 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 676 recompiled to reflect this. 677 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 678 67920090309: 680 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 681 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 682 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 683 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 684 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 685 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 686 68720090302: 688 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 689 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 690 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 691 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 692 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 693 raised to allow such segments to be created. 694 69520090301: 696 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 697 network device driver modules. 698 69920090227: 700 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 701 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 702 70320090223: 704 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 705 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 706 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 707 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 708 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 709 apply. 710 71120090217: 712 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 713 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 714 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 715 use the new name. 716 71720090216: 718 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 719 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 720 add 721 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 722 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 723 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 724 72520090215: 726 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 727 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 728 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 729 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 730 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 731 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 732 733 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 734 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 735 be used for this: 736 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 737 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 738 73920090209: 740 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 741 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 742 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 743 74420090203: 745 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 746 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 747 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 748 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 749 same interface. 750 75120090201: 752 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 753 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 754 75520090119: 756 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 757 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 758 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 759 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 760 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 761 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 762 76320090115: 764 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 765 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 766 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 767 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 768 76920081225: 770 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 771 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 772 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 773 in next mpd5.3 release. 774 77520081219: 776 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 777 the base system (it was a port). 778 77920081216: 780 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 781 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 782 78320081214: 784 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 785 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 786 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 787 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 788 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 789 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 790 none of the L2 information. 791 79220081130: 793 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 794 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 795 796 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 797 798 to their kernel config files when specifying: 799 800 device ath_hal 801 802 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 803 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 804 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 805 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 806 80720081121: 808 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 809 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 810 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 811 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 812 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 813 packets. 814 81520081117: 816 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 817 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 818 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 819 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 820 82120081028: 822 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 823 82420081009: 825 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 826 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 827 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 828 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 829 controller add the following to loader.conf: 830 831 uhci_load="YES" 832 ehci_load="YES" 833 83420081009: 835 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 836 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 837 sync. 838 83920081009: 840 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 841 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 842 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 843 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 844 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 845 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 846 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 847 84820080820: 849 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 850 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 851 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 852 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 853 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 854 855 PCI/ISA: 856 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 857 858 USB: 859 ubser, ucycom 860 861 Line disciplines: 862 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 863 864 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 865 cause compilation to fail. 866 86720080818: 868 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 869 87020080801: 871 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 872 873 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 874 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 875 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 876 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 877 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 878 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 879 accepting the RSA key. 880 881 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 882 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 883 command line. 884 885 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 886 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 887 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 888 behavior. 889 89020080713: 891 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 892 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 893 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 894 895 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 896 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 897 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 898 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 899 use the new device names. 900 901 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 902 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 903 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 904 at the loader prompt: 905 906 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 907 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 908 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 909 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 910 boot -s 911 91220080609: 913 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 914 disks instead. 915 91620080603: 917 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 918 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 919 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 920 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 921 92220080525: 923 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 924 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 925 92620080509: 927 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 928 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 929 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 930 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 931 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 932 93320080420: 934 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 935 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 936 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 937 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 938 For example, change: 939 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 940 to 941 wlans_ath0=wlan0 942 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 943 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 944 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 945 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 946 947 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 948 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 949 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 950 95120080408: 952 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 953 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 954 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 955 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 956 other operation levels. 957 95820080312: 959 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 960 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 961 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 962 compatibility with any prior release: 963 964 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 965 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 966 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 967 96820080301: 969 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 970 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 971 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 972 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 973 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 974 nonetheless. 975 97620080229: 977 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 978 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 979 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 980 with older hardware easier to do. 981 98220080220: 983 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 984 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 985 98620080211: 987 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 988 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 989 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 990 firewall rules. 991 99220080208: 993 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 994 mbuf chains. 995 99620080126: 997 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 998 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 999 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1000 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1001 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1002 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1003 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1004 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1005 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1006 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1007 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1008 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1009 101020080123: 1011 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1012 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1013 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1014 101520071128: 1016 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1017 functionality is the default now. 1018 101920071118: 1020 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1021 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1022 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1023 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1024 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1025 1026 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1027 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1028 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1029 103020071024: 1031 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1032 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1033 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1034 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1035 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1036 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1037 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1038 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1039 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1040 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1041 however. 1042 104320071020: 1044 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1045 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1046 used kproc_start().. 1047 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1048 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1049 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1050 105120071010: 1052 RELENG_7 branched. 1053 1054COMMON ITEMS: 1055 1056 General Notes 1057 ------------- 1058 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1059 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1060 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1061 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1062 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1063 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1064 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1065 1066 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1067 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1068 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1069 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1070 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1071 1072 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1073 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1074 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1075 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1076 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1077 1078 ZFS notes 1079 --------- 1080 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1081 these two steps: 1082 1083 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1084 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1085 1086 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1087 1088 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1089 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1090 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1091 1092 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1093 1094 To build a kernel 1095 ----------------- 1096 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1097 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1098 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1099 1100 make kernel-toolchain 1101 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1102 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1103 1104 To test a kernel once 1105 --------------------- 1106 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1107 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1108 debugging information) run 1109 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1110 nextboot -k testkernel 1111 1112 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1113 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1114 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1115 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1116 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1117 1118 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1119 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1120 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1121 make depend 1122 make 1123 make install 1124 1125 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1126 1127 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1128 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1129 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1130 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1131 1132 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1133 make buildworld 1134 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1135 [1] 1136 <reboot in single user> [3] 1137 mergemaster -p [5] 1138 make installworld 1139 mergemaster -i [4] 1140 make delete-old [6] 1141 <reboot> 1142 1143 1144 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1145 -------------------------------------------------- 1146 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1147 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1148 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1149 # size. 1150 1151 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1152 <boot into -stable> 1153 make buildworld 1154 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1155 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1156 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1157 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1158 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1159 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1160 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1161 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1162 <reboot into current> 1163 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1164 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1165 <reboot> 1166 1167 1168 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1169 ---------------------------------------------- 1170 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1171 make buildworld [9] 1172 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1173 [1] 1174 <reboot in single user> [3] 1175 mergemaster -p [5] 1176 make installworld 1177 mergemaster -i [4] 1178 make delete-old [6] 1179 <reboot> 1180 1181 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1182 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1183 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1184 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1185 the UPDATING entries. 1186 1187 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1188 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1189 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1190 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1191 much fewer pitfalls. 1192 1193 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1194 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1195 system on reboot. 1196 1197 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1198 fsck -p 1199 mount -u / 1200 mount -a 1201 cd src 1202 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1203 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1204 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1205 1206 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1207 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1208 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1209 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1210 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1211 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1212 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1213 1214 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1215 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1216 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1217 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1218 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1219 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1220 1221 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1222 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1223 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1224 1225 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1226 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1227 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1228 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1229 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1230 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1231 1232 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1233 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1234 1235 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1236 cvs prune empty directories. 1237 1238 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1239 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1240 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1241 1242 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1243 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1244 warn if it is improperly defined. 1245FORMAT: 1246 1247This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1248breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1249and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1250previous releases if your system is older than this. 1251 1252Copyright information: 1253 1254Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1255 1256Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1257modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1258document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1259 1260THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1261IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1262WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1263DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1264INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1265(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1266SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1267HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1268STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1269IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1270POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1271 1272Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1273this document. 1274 1275$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 216591 2010-12-20 15:17:34Z netchild $ 1276