UPDATING revision 179315
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080525: 26 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 27 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 28 2920080509: 30 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 31 see the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 32 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 33 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 34 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 35 3620080420: 37 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 38 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 39 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 40 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 41 For example, change: 42 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 43 to 44 wlans_ath0=wlan0 45 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 46 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 47 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 48 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 49 50 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 51 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 52 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 53 5420080408: 55 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 56 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 57 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 58 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 59 other operation levels. 60 6120080312: 62 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 63 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 64 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 65 compatibility with any prior release: 66 67 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 68 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 69 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 70 7120080301: 72 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 73 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 74 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 75 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 76 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 77 nonetheless. 78 7920080229: 80 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 81 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 82 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 83 with older hardware easier to do. 84 8520080220: 86 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 87 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 88 8920080211: 90 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 91 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 92 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 93 firewall rules. 94 9520080208: 96 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 97 mbuf chains. 98 9920080126: 100 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 101 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 102 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 103 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 104 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 105 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 106 third-party software might fail to build after this change 107 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 108 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 109 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 110 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 111 case that a portable fix is impossible. 112 11320080123: 114 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 115 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 116 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 117 11820071128: 119 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 120 functionality is the default now. 121 12220071118: 123 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 124 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 125 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 126 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 127 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 128 129 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 130 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 131 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 132 13320071024: 134 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 135 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 136 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 137 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 138 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 139 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 140 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 141 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 142 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 143 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 144 however. 145 14620071020: 147 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 148 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 149 used kproc_start().. 150 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 151 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 152 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 153 15420071010: 155 RELENG_7 branched. 156 15720071009: 158 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 159 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 160 16120070930: 162 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 163 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 164 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 165 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 166 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 167 16820070928: 169 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 170 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 171 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 172 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 173 rc.conf. 174 17520070921: 176 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 177 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 178 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 179 18020070704: 181 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 182 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 183 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 184 18520070702: 186 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 187 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 188 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 189 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 190 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 191 19220070701: 193 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 194 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 195 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 196 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 197 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 198 will change after some settling time. 199 20020070701: 201 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 202 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 203 information. 204 20520070612: 206 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 207 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 208 accordingly. 209 21020070612: 211 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 212 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 213 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 214 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 215 21620070612: 217 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 218 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 219 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 220 the IPv4 network stack. 221 222 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 223 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 224 has now been removed. 225 226 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 227 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 228 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 229 updated to reflect this. 230 231 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 232 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 233 interfaces. 234 23520070610: 236 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 237 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 238 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 239 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 240 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 241 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 242 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 243 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 244 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 245 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 246 operating properly. 247 24820070610: 249 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 250 function and starts providing an account management function. 251 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 252 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 253 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 254 255 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 256 257 and change it according to this example: 258 259 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 260 261 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 262 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 263 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 264 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 265 26620070529: 267 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 268 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 269 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 270 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 271 27220070516: 273 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 274 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 275 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 276 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 277 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 278 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 279 symbol. 280 28120070513: 282 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 283 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 284 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 285 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 286 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 287 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 288 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 289 290 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 291 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 292 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 293 29420070423: 295 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 296 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 297 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 298 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 299 30020070417: 301 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 302 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 303 30420070408: 305 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 306 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 307 base operating system should be recompiled. 308 30920070302: 310 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 311 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 312 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 313 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 314 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 315 31620070228: 317 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 318 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 319 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 320 deprecated in previous releases. 321 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 322 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 323 32420070224: 325 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 326 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 327 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 328 sync. For more info: 329 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 330 33120070224: 332 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 333 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 334 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 335 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 336 33720070214: 338 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 339 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 340 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 341 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 342 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 343 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 344 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 345 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 346 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 347 34820070210: 349 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 350 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 351 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 352 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 353 ip_mroute.ko module. 354 35520070207: 356 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 357 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 358 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 359 mrouted.conf. 360 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 361 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 362 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 363 36420061221: 365 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 366 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 367 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 368 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 369 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 370 in the loader. 371 37220061214: 373 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 374 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 375 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 376 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 377 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 378 37920061214: 380 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 381 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 382 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 383 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 384 38520061205: 386 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 387 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 388 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 389 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 390 linux module. 391 39220061126: 393 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 394 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 395 with exceptions of followings: 396 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 397 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 398 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 399 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 400 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 401 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 402 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 403 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 404 40520061122: 406 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 407 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 408 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 409 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 410 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 411 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 412 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 413 41420061113: 415 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 416 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 417 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 418 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 419 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 420 42120061110: 422 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 423 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 424 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 425 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 426 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 427 42820061026: 429 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 430 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 431 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 432 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 433 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 434 added to 'struct proc'. 435 43620060929: 437 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 438 43920060927: 440 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 441 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 442 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 443 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 444 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 445 44620060924: 447 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 448 44920060913: 450 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 451 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 452 systat needs to be rebuilt. 453 45420060903: 455 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 456 45720060816: 458 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 459 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 460 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 461 46220060725: 463 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 464 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 465 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 466 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 467 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 468 46920060709: 470 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 471 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 472 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 473 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 474 47520060627: 476 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 477 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 478 accordingly. 479 48020060514: 481 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 482 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 483 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 484 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 485 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 486 48720060511: 488 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 489 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 490 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 491 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 492 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 493 `make installworld' with: 494 495 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 496 497 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 498 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 499 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 500 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 501 50220060412: 503 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 504 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 505 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 506 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 507 rewrite rules. 508 50920060428: 510 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 511 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 512 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 513 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 514 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 515 implements the interface to support it. 516 51720060330: 518 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 519 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 520 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 521 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 522 functional. 523 52420060317: 525 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 526 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 527 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 528 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 529 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 530 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 531 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 532 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 533 likely follow. Posting to current@: 534 535 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 536 53720060305: 538 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 539 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 540 54120060303: 542 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 543 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 544 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 545 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 546 its dependencies. 547 54820060204: 549 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 550 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 551 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 552 55320060201: 554 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 555 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 556 55720060118: 558 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 559 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 560 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 561 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 562 on your next install. 563 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 564 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 565 to your /etc/make.conf. 566 56720060113: 568 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 569 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 570 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 571 57220060112: 573 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 574 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 575 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 576 57720060106: 578 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 579 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 580 58120060106: 582 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 583 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 584 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 585 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 586 58720051231: 588 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 589 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 590 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 591 59220051211: 593 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 594 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 595 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 596 accordingly. 597 59820051202: 599 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 600 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 601 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 602 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 603 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 604 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 605 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 606 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 607 60820051129: 609 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 610 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 611 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 612 61320051129: 614 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 615 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 616 61720051108: 618 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 619 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 620 62120051029: 622 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 623 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 624 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 625 62620051014: 627 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 628 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 629 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 630 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 631 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 632 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 633 modules afterwards. 634 63520051001: 636 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 637 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 638 63920050927: 640 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 641 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 642 64320050722: 644 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 645 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 646 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 647 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 648 architecture. 649 65020050711: 651 RELENG_6 branched here. 652 65320050629: 654 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 655 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 656 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 657 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 658 removable_interfaces. 659 66020050616: 661 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 662 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 663 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 664 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 665 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 666 affect existing configurations. 667 66820050610: 669 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 670 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 671 updated to the new APIs. 672 67320050609: 674 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 675 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 676 will not behave correctly. 677 678 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 679 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 680 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 681 68220050606: 683 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 684 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 685 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 686 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 687 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 688 689 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 690 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 691 anyway). 692 69320050605: 694 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 695 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 696 69720050603: 698 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 699 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 700 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 701 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 702 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 703 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 704 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 705 70620050528: 707 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 708 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 709 fail after this date. For full details, please see 710 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 711 71220050503: 713 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 714 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 715 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 716 71720050415: 718 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 719 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 720 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 721 should be updated. 722 72320050227: 724 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 725 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 726 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 727 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 728 72920050225: 730 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 731 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 732 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 733 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 734 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 735 none at this point.) 736 73720050224: 738 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 739 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 740 74120050223: 742 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 743 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 744 with the new kernel. 745 74620050223: 747 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 748 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 749 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 750 75120050220: 752 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 753 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 754 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 755 if you have updated the kernel. 756 757 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 758 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 759 mounting the new volume. 760 76120050206: 762 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 763 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 764 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 765 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 766 76720050206: 768 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 769 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 770 77120050114: 772 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 773 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 774 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 775 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 776 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 777 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 778 77920041221: 780 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 781 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 782 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 783 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 784 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 785 78620041219: 787 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 788 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 789 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 790 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 791 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 792 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 793 and wlan_xauth as required. 794 79520041213: 796 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 797 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 798 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 799 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 800 reflect the change. 801 80220041201: 803 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 804 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 805 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 806 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 807 the module when a wep key is configured). 808 80920041201: 810 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 811 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 812 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 813 81420041116: 815 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 816 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 817 81820041110: 819 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 820 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 821 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 822 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 823 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 824 their /etc/rc scripts. 825 82620041104: 827 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 828 82920041102: 830 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 831 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 832 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 833 83420041022: 835 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 836 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 837 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 838 83920041016: 840 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 841 in the RELENG_5 branch. 842 843COMMON ITEMS: 844 845 General Notes 846 ------------- 847 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 848 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 849 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 850 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 851 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 852 on the -current branch). 853 854 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 855 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 856 environment when searching for values for global variables. 857 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 858 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 859 page for more details. 860 861 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 862 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 863 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 864 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 865 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 866 version upgrade. 867 868 To build a kernel 869 ----------------- 870 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 871 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 872 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 873 874 make kernel-toolchain 875 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 876 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 877 878 To test a kernel once 879 --------------------- 880 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 881 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 882 debugging information) run 883 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 884 nextboot -k testkernel 885 886 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 887 -------------------------------------------------------------- 888 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 889 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 890 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 891 892 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 893 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 894 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 895 make depend 896 make 897 make install 898 899 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 900 901 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 902 ----------------------------------------------------------- 903 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 904 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 905 906 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 907 make buildworld 908 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 909 [1] 910 <reboot in single user> [3] 911 mergemaster -p [5] 912 make installworld 913 make delete-old 914 mergemaster [4] 915 <reboot> 916 917 918 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 919 -------------------------------------------------- 920 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 921 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 922 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 923 # size. 924 925 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 926 <boot into -stable> 927 make buildworld 928 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 929 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 930 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 931 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 932 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 933 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 934 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 935 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 936 <reboot into current> 937 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 938 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 939 <reboot> 940 941 942 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 943 ---------------------------------------------- 944 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 945 make buildworld [9] 946 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 947 [1] 948 <reboot in single user> [3] 949 mergemaster -p [5] 950 make installworld 951 make delete-old 952 mergemaster -i [4] 953 <reboot> 954 955 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 956 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 957 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 958 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 959 the UPDATING entries. 960 961 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 962 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 963 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 964 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 965 much fewer pitfalls. 966 967 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 968 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 969 system on reboot. 970 971 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 972 fsck -p 973 mount -u / 974 mount -a 975 cd src 976 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 977 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 978 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 979 980 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 981 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 982 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 983 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 984 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 985 for potential gotchas. 986 987 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 988 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 989 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 990 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 991 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 992 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 993 994 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 995 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 996 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 997 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 998 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 999 1000 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1001 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1002 1003 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1004 cvs prune empty directories. 1005 1006 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1007 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1008 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1009 1010 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1011 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1012 warn if it is improperly defined. 1013FORMAT: 1014 1015This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1016breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1017and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1018previous releases if your system is older than this. 1019 1020Copyright information: 1021 1022Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1023 1024Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1025modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1026document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1027 1028THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1029IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1030WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1031DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1032INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1033(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1034SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1035HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1036STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1037IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1038POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1039 1040If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1041author a beer. 1042 1043Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1044this document. 1045 1046$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 179315 2008-05-26 10:40:09Z bz $ 1047