UPDATING revision 108533
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT 5.0-CURRENT IS SLOW: 8 FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT has many debugging features turned on, in 9 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 10 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 11 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 12 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 13 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 14 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 15 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 16 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 17 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 18 to maximize performance. 19 2020021222: 21 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC 22 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions 23 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous 24 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any 25 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not 26 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be 27 rebuilt. 28 2920021216: 30 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 31 compatible with with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 32 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 33 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 34 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 35 3620021202: 37 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 38 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 39 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 40 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 41 4220021029: 43 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 44 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 45 consumers in sync. 46 4720021024: 48 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. This 49 means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to not use 50 disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you now must 51 specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD partition 52 really is on. The old device names have gone away, so if you 53 use them anywhere else, you must also adjust those uses. 54 5520021023: 56 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 57 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 58 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 59 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 60 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 61 62 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 63 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 64 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 65 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 66 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 67 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 68 6920020831: 70 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 71 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 72 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 73 74 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 75 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 76 7720020827: 78 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 79 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 80 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 81 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 82 8320020815: 84 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 85 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 86 again. 87 8820020729: 89 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 90 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 91 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 92 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 93 9420020702: 95 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 96 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 97 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 98 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 99 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 100 10120020701: 102 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 103 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 104 GNOME. 105 10620020511: 107 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 108 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 109 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 110 with the set-user-ID bit set. 111 11220020510: 113 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 114 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 115 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 116 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 117 11820020510: 119 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 120 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 121 and then do a cvs update. 122 12320020421: 124 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 125 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 126 12720020404: 128 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 129 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 130 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 131 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 132 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 133 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 134 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 135 13620020403: 137 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 138 13920020315: 140 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 141 14220020225: 143 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 144 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 145 14620020217: 147 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 148 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 149 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 150 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 151 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 152 153 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 154 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 155 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 156 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 157 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 158 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 159 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 160 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 161 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 162 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 163 as of this date. 164 16520020112: 166 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 167 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 168 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 169 you have local modifications, you can use 170 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 171 /etc/pam.d. 172 173 Please see the following url for more details: 174http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 17520011229: 176 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 177 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 178http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 179 18020011220: 181 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 182 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 183 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 184 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b 185 version have now been merged back into the base system's 186 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 187 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 188 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 189 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 190 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 191 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 192 19320011215: 194 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 195 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 196 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 197 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 198 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 199 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 200 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 201 fdcontrol(8). 202 20320011209: 204 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 205 and truss(1) now works again. 206 20720011207: 208 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 209 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 210 see 211http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 212 for details. 213 21420011204: 215 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 216 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 217 21820011203: 219 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 220 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 221 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 222 not there already. 223 224 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 225 until the issue has been resolved. 226 22720011202: 228 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 229 patched. 230 23120011126: 232 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 233 after this date. You need to do this only once. 234 23520011103: 236 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 237 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 238 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 239 24020011030: 241 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 242 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 243 24420011030: 245 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 246 24720011027: 248 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 249 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 250 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 251 try to use from this date forward. 252 25320011025: 254 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 255 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 256 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 257 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 258 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 259 26020011001: 261 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 262 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 263 at the same time. 264 26520010929: 266 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 267 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 268 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 269 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 270 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa). 271 27220010927: 273 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 274 To disable ACPI you can add 275 hint.acpi.0.disable="1" 276 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 277 loader "ok" prompt). 278 279 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 280 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 281 file and not list acpi in that list. 282 28320010924: 284 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 285 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 286 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 287 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 288 following to get them installed only once: 289 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 290 make all install 291 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 292 29320010919: 294 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 295 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 296 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 297 workaround is to add 298 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 299 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 300 can be removed afterwards. 301 302 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 303 30420010918: 305 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 306 NFS may be unstable after this date. 307 30820010912: 309 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 310 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 311 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 312 corrected. 313 31420010901: 315 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 316 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 317 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 318 have been rectified around this date. 319 32020010823: 321 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 322 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 323 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 324 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 325 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 326 permission for your name server configuration and that it 327 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 328 directory. 329 330 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 331 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 332 333 named_flags= 334 33520010709: 336 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 337 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 338 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 339 solution is to rebuild those ports. 340 34120010628: 342 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 343 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 344 34520010625: 346 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 347 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 348 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 349 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 350 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 351 35220010617: 353 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 354 35520010614: 356 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 357 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 358 kernel building methods. 359 36020010613: 361 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 362 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 363 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 364 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 365 36620010613: 367 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 368 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 369 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 370 37120010612: 372 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 373 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 374 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 375 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 376 until this bug is fixed. 377 378 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 379 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 380 hints.c file, wheather you want it to or not. 381 38220010610: 383 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 384 38520010604: 386 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 387 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 388 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 389 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 390 391 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 392 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 393 it is). 394 395 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 396 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 397 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 398 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 399 40020010530: 401 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 402 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 403 a limited time. If you see 404 405install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 406 407 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 408 COPY=-C. 409 41020010525: 411 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 412 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 413 definitely is in bad shape. 414 41520010521: 416 Minor repo damange has happened. This may cause problems 417 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 418 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 419 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 420 is 421Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 422 42320010520: 424 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 425 42620010519: 427 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 428 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 429 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 430 43120010517: 432 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 433 userland at the same time. 434 43520010517: 436 New ncurses imported. 437 43820010512: 439 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 440 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 441 44220010504: 443 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 444 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 445 44620010502: 447 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 448 44920010501: 450 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 451 45220010430: 453 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 454 go back in the water. 455 45620010429: 457 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 458 this date, but before the correction date. 459 46020010423: 461 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 462 46320010411: 464 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 465 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 466 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 467 fsck with the new kernel ever. 468 46920010330: 470 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 471 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 472 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 473 47420010319: 475 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 476 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 477 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 478 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 479 48020010315: 481 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 482 and ATA_ENABEL_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 483 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 484 48520010312: 486 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 487 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 488 48920010312: 490 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 491 instead of ad-hoc. 492 49320010310: 494 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 495 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 496 ssh might not work if you don't. 497 49820010303: 499 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 500 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 501 you use the ed driver. 502 50320010220: 504 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 505 safe to go back into the water. 506 50720010211: 508 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 509 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 510 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 511 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 512 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 513 514 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 515 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 516 don't have to move this to the updating section. 517 518 To get around the installworld problem, do: 519 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 520 # make install 521 # cd /usr/src 522 # make installworld 523 If that doesn't work, then try: 524 # make -k installworld 525 # make installworld 526 52720010207: 528 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 529 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 530 53120010205: 532 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 533 Remove them from your config. 534 53520010122: 536 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 537 buildkernel has been changed slightly 538 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 539 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 540 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 541 54220010119: 543 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 544 This requires a new config to build correctly. 545 54620010116: 547 The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 548 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 549 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 550 55120010110: 552 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 553 55420010102: 555 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 556 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 557 55820010101: 559 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 560 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 561 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 562 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 563 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 564 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 565 might have been ignored by the -k option. 566 567 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 568 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 569 of this working. 570 57120001228: 572 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 573 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed 574 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 575 57620001218: 577 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 578 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 579 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 580 cards will not be recognized without it. 581 58220001205: 583 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 584 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 585 adding the following in pam.conf: 586 587 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 588 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 589 sshd session required pam_permit.so 590 59120001031: 592 cvs updated to 1.11. 593 59420001020: 595 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 596 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 597 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 598 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 599 workaround. 600 60120001010: 602 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 603 Sendmail has been updated. 604 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 605 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 606 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 607 is set. 608 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 609 commands. 610 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 611 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 612 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 613 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 614 615 More details can be found at 616 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 617 61820001009: 619 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 620 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 621 62220001006: 623 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 624 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 625 /usr/bin/miniperl. 626 62720001005: 628 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 629 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 630 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 631 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 632 tree for anything to work. 633 63420000928: 635 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 636 63720000916: 638 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 639 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 640 same time as your kernel. 641 64220000914: 643 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 644 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 645 when they resume. Include 646 device pmtimer 647 in your config file and 648 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 649 to your /boot/device.hints file. 650 65120000911: 652 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 653 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 654 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 655 own kernel config file. 656 Remove: 657 options RANDOMDEV 658 Add: 659 device random 660 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 661 nothing. 662 66320000909: 664 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 665 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 666 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 667 The line should read: 668 random_load="YES" 669 67020000907: 671 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 672 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 673 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 674 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 675 first blush appear related to SMP. 676 67720000906: 678 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 679 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 680 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 681 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 682 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 683 68420000905: 685 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 686 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 687 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 688 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 689 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 690 69120000905: 692 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 693 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 694 is /boot/kernel. 695 696 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 697 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 698 installkernel/installworld dance. 699 700 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 701 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 702 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 703 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 704 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 705 706 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 707 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 708 chflags noschg /kernel.old 709 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 710 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 711 fi 712 71320000904: 714 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 715 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 716 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 717 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 718 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 719 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 720 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 721 is not likely to be generated. 722 72320000825: 724 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 725 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 726 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 727 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 728 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 729 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 730 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 731 kernel. 732 73320000821: 734 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 735 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 736 /boot/loader.conf. 737 73820000812: 739 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 740 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 741 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 742 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 743 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 744 will fix this until the next build. 745 74620000812: 747 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 748 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 749 include: 750 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 751 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 752 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 753 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 754 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 755 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 756 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 757 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 758 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 759 76020000810: 761 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 762 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 763 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 764 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 765 specific use for it. 766 76720000729: 768 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 769 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 770 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 771 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 772 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 773 inetd_enable="YES" 774 portmap_enable="YES" 775 sendmail_enable="YES" 776 77720000728: 778 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 779 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 780 78120000728: 782 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 783 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 784 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 785 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 786 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 787 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 788 to /MYKERNEL. 789 79020000711: 791 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 792 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 793 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 794 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 795 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 796 to get around them. 797 798 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 799 clauses above, you needn't worry. 800 80120000711: 802 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 803 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 804 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 805 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 806 80720000710: 808 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 809 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 810 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 811 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 812 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 813 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 814 errors. (see below, 20000624). 815 816 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 817 81820000709: 819 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 820 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 821 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 822 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 823 82420000706: 825 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 826 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 827 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 828 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 829 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 830 interim if needed. 831 83220000705: 833 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 834 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 835 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 836 details. 837 83820000704: 839 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 840 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 841 84220000704: 843 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 844 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 845 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 846 84720000630: 848 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 849 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 850 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 851 85220000625: 853 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 854 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 855 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 856 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 857 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 858 were required. You should check with the latest collections 859 to make sure that these haven't changed. 860 86120000624: 862 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 863 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 864 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 865 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 866 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 867 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 868 date to the completion of the work. 869 870 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 871 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 872 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 873 recreate the random and urandom devices. 874 87520000622: 876 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 877 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 878 that used to be required when updating. 879 88020000621: 881 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 882 the config file update procedure. 883 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 884 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 885 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file. 886 88720000620: 888 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 889 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 890 that workaround will no longer be required. 891 89220000615: 893 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 894 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 895 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 896 devices. 897 898 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 899 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 900 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 901 may work). 902 90320000612: 904 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 905 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 906 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 907 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 908 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 909 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 910 911 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 912 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 913 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 914 in it. 915 91620000522: 917 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 918 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 919 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 920 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 921 922 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 923 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 924 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 925 is resolved. 926 92720000513: 928 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 929 93020000510: 931 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 932 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 933 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 934 93520000503: 936 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 937 is now available. 938 93920000502: 940 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 941 connected to the kernel building instead. 942 94320000427: 944 You may need to build gperf 945 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 946 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 947 an option only in -current. 948 94920000417: 950 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 951 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 952 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 953 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 954 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 955 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 956 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 957 95820000320: 959 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 960 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 961 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 962 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 963 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 964 96520000319: 966 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 967 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 968 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 969 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 970 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 971 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 972 97320000318: 974 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 975 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 976 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 977 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 978 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 979 that you are loading are up to date. 980 98120000315: 982 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 983 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 984 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 985 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 986 boot. 987 98820000315: 989 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 990 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 991 992COMMON ITEMS: 993 994 General Notes 995 ------------- 996 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 997 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 998 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 999 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1000 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1001 on the -current branch). 1002 1003 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1004 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1005 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1006 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1007 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1008 page for more details. 1009 1010 To build a kernel 1011 ----------------- 1012 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1013 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1014 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1015 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1016 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1017 1018 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1019 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1020 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 1021 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1022 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1023 make depend 1024 make 1025 make install 1026 1027 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1028 1029 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1030 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1031 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1032 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1033 1034 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1035 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1036 make buildworld 1037 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1038 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1039 [1] 1040 <reboot in single user> [3] 1041 mergemaster -p [5] 1042 make installworld 1043 mergemaster [4] 1044 <reboot> 1045 1046 1047 To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current 1048 ------------------------------------- 1049 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1050 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x 1051 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1052 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1053 # to back out of problems with this proceedure. If /tmp is on 1054 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1055 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1056 # space on /. 1057 1058 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1059 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1060 make buildworld [9] 1061 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1062 cp src/sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1063 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1064 cd src/sys/boot ; make install [6] 1065 [1] 1066 <reboot in single user> [3] 1067 mergemaster -p [5] 1068 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1069 make installworld 1070 mergemaster [4] 1071 <reboot> 1072 1073 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1074 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1075 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1076 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1077 the UPDATING entries. 1078 1079 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1080 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1081 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1082 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1083 much fewer pitfalls. 1084 1085 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1086 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1087 system on reboot. 1088 1089 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1090 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1091 configuration. 1092 1093 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1094 fsck -p 1095 mount -u / 1096 mount -a 1097 cd /usr/src 1098 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1099 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1100 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1101 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1102 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1103 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1104 1105 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1106 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1107 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1108 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1109 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1110 for potential gotchas. 1111 1112 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1113 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1114 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1115 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1116 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1117 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1118 1119 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1120 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1121 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1122 ok unload 1123 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1124 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1125 described here. 1126 1127 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1128 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386 1129 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the 1130 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break. 1131 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1132 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. 1133 1134 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1135 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1136 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1137 that is hard to boot to recover. 1138 1139 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1140 cvs prune empty directories. 1141FORMAT: 1142 1143This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1144breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1145and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1146previous releases if your system is older than this. 1147 1148Copyright information: 1149 1150Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1151 1152Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1153modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1154document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1155 1156THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1157IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1158WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1159DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1160INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1161(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1162SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1163HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1164STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1165IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1166POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1167 1168If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1169author a beer. 1170 1171Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1172this document. 1173 1174$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 108533 2003-01-01 18:49:04Z schweikh $ 1175