main.c revision 109234 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
3 *	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34#ifndef lint
35char const copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993\n\
37	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif /* not lint */
39
40#ifndef lint
41#if 0
42static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 3/1/94";
43#endif
44static const char rcsid[] =
45  "$FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/netstat/main.c 109234 2003-01-14 16:02:56Z mtm $";
46#endif /* not lint */
47
48#include <sys/param.h>
49#include <sys/file.h>
50#include <sys/protosw.h>
51#include <sys/socket.h>
52
53#include <netinet/in.h>
54
55#include <netgraph/ng_socket.h>
56
57#include <ctype.h>
58#include <err.h>
59#include <errno.h>
60#include <kvm.h>
61#include <limits.h>
62#include <netdb.h>
63#include <nlist.h>
64#include <paths.h>
65#include <stdio.h>
66#include <stdlib.h>
67#include <string.h>
68#include <unistd.h>
69#include "netstat.h"
70
71static struct nlist nl[] = {
72#define	N_IFNET		0
73	{ "_ifnet" },
74#define	N_IMP		1
75	{ "_imp_softc" },
76#define	N_RTSTAT	2
77	{ "_rtstat" },
78#define	N_UNIXSW	3
79	{ "_localsw" },
80#define N_IDP		4
81	{ "_nspcb"},
82#define N_IDPSTAT	5
83	{ "_idpstat"},
84#define N_SPPSTAT	6
85	{ "_spp_istat"},
86#define N_NSERR		7
87	{ "_ns_errstat"},
88#define	N_CLNPSTAT	8
89	{ "_clnp_stat"},
90#define	IN_NOTUSED	9
91	{ "_tp_inpcb" },
92#define	ISO_TP		10
93	{ "_tp_refinfo" },
94#define	N_TPSTAT	11
95	{ "_tp_stat" },
96#define	N_ESISSTAT	12
97	{ "_esis_stat"},
98#define N_NIMP		13
99	{ "_nimp"},
100#define N_RTREE		14
101	{ "_rt_tables"},
102#define N_CLTP		15
103	{ "_cltb"},
104#define N_CLTPSTAT	16
105	{ "_cltpstat"},
106#define	N_NFILE		17
107	{ "_nfile" },
108#define	N_FILE		18
109	{ "_file" },
110#define N_MRTSTAT	19
111	{ "_mrtstat" },
112#define N_MFCTABLE	20
113	{ "_mfctable" },
114#define N_VIFTABLE	21
115	{ "_viftable" },
116#define N_IPX		22
117	{ "_ipxpcb"},
118#define N_IPXSTAT	23
119	{ "_ipxstat"},
120#define N_SPXSTAT	24
121	{ "_spx_istat"},
122#define N_DDPSTAT	25
123	{ "_ddpstat"},
124#define N_DDPCB		26
125	{ "_ddpcb"},
126#define N_NGSOCKS	27
127	{ "_ngsocklist"},
128#define N_IP6STAT	28
129	{ "_ip6stat" },
130#define N_ICMP6STAT	29
131	{ "_icmp6stat" },
132#define N_IPSECSTAT	30
133	{ "_ipsecstat" },
134#define N_IPSEC6STAT	31
135	{ "_ipsec6stat" },
136#define N_PIM6STAT	32
137	{ "_pim6stat" },
138#define N_MRT6PROTO	33
139	{ "_ip6_mrtproto" },
140#define N_MRT6STAT	34
141	{ "_mrt6stat" },
142#define N_MF6CTABLE	35
143	{ "_mf6ctable" },
144#define N_MIF6TABLE	36
145	{ "_mif6table" },
146#define N_PFKEYSTAT	37
147	{ "_pfkeystat" },
148#define N_MBSTAT	38
149	{ "_mbstat" },
150#define N_MBTYPES	39
151	{ "_mbtypes" },
152#define N_NMBCLUSTERS	40
153	{ "_nmbclusters" },
154#define N_NMBUFS	41
155	{ "_nmbufs" },
156#define	N_MBLIM		42
157	{ "_mbuf_limit" },
158#define	N_CLLIM		43
159	{ "_clust_limit" },
160#define	N_NCPUS		44
161	{ "_smp_cpus" },
162#define	N_PAGESZ	45
163	{ "_pagesize" },
164#define	N_MBPSTAT	46
165	{ "_mb_statpcpu" },
166#define	N_RTTRASH	47
167	{ "_rttrash" },
168	{ "" },
169};
170
171struct protox {
172	u_char	pr_index;		/* index into nlist of cb head */
173	u_char	pr_sindex;		/* index into nlist of stat block */
174	u_char	pr_wanted;		/* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
175	void	(*pr_cblocks)(u_long, const char *, int);
176					/* control blocks printing routine */
177	void	(*pr_stats)(u_long, const char *, int);
178					/* statistics printing routine */
179	void	(*pr_istats)(char *);	/* per/if statistics printing routine */
180	const char	*pr_name;		/* well-known name */
181	u_long	pr_usesysctl;		/* true if we use sysctl, not kvm */
182} protox[] = {
183	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
184	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	IPPROTO_TCP },
185	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
186	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	IPPROTO_UDP },
187	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
188	  NULL,		NULL,		"divert",IPPROTO_DIVERT },
189	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
190	  ip_stats,	NULL,		"ip",	IPPROTO_RAW },
191	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
192	  icmp_stats,	NULL,		"icmp",	IPPROTO_ICMP },
193	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
194	  igmp_stats,	NULL,		"igmp",	IPPROTO_IGMP },
195#ifdef IPSEC
196	{ -1,		N_IPSECSTAT,	1,	0,
197	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec",	0},
198#endif
199	{ -1,		-1,		1,	0,
200	  bdg_stats,	NULL,		"bdg",	1 /* bridging... */ },
201	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
202	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
203};
204
205#ifdef INET6
206struct protox ip6protox[] = {
207	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
208	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	IPPROTO_TCP },
209	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
210	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	IPPROTO_UDP },
211	{ -1,		N_IP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
212	  ip6_stats,	ip6_ifstats,	"ip6",	IPPROTO_RAW },
213	{ -1,		N_ICMP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
214	  icmp6_stats,	icmp6_ifstats,	"icmp6",IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
215#ifdef IPSEC
216	{ -1,		N_IPSEC6STAT,	1,	0,
217	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec6",0 },
218#endif
219#ifdef notyet
220	{ -1,		N_PIM6STAT,	1,	0,
221	  pim6_stats,	NULL,		"pim6",	0 },
222#endif
223	{ -1,		-1,		1,	0,
224	  rip6_stats,	NULL,		"rip6",	0 },
225	{ -1,		-1,		1,	0,
226	  bdg_stats,	NULL,		"bdg",	1 /* bridging... */ },
227	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
228	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
229};
230#endif /*INET6*/
231
232#ifdef IPSEC
233struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
234	{ -1,		N_PFKEYSTAT,	1,	0,
235	  pfkey_stats,	NULL,		"pfkey", 0 },
236	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
237	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
238};
239#endif
240
241struct protox atalkprotox[] = {
242	{ N_DDPCB,	N_DDPSTAT,	1,	atalkprotopr,
243	  ddp_stats,	NULL,		"ddp",	0 },
244	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
245	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
246};
247
248struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
249	{ N_NGSOCKS,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
250	  NULL,		NULL,		"ctrl",	0 },
251	{ N_NGSOCKS,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
252	  NULL,		NULL,		"data",	0 },
253	{ -1,		NULL,		0,	0,
254	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
255};
256
257struct protox ipxprotox[] = {
258	{ N_IPX,	N_IPXSTAT,	1,	ipxprotopr,
259	  ipx_stats,	NULL,		"ipx",	0 },
260	{ N_IPX,	N_SPXSTAT,	1,	ipxprotopr,
261	  spx_stats,	NULL,		"spx",	0 },
262	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
263	  0,		NULL,		0,	0 }
264};
265
266#ifdef NS
267struct protox nsprotox[] = {
268	{ N_IDP,	N_IDPSTAT,	1,	nsprotopr,
269	  idp_stats,	NULL,		"idp" },
270	{ N_IDP,	N_SPPSTAT,	1,	nsprotopr,
271	  spp_stats,	NULL,		"spp" },
272	{ -1,		N_NSERR,	1,	0,
273	  nserr_stats,	NULL,		"ns_err" },
274	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
275	  0,		NULL,		0 }
276};
277#endif
278
279#ifdef ISO
280struct protox isoprotox[] = {
281	{ ISO_TP,	N_TPSTAT,	1,	iso_protopr,
282	  tp_stats,	NULL,		"tp" },
283	{ N_CLTP,	N_CLTPSTAT,	1,	iso_protopr,
284	  cltp_stats,	NULL,		"cltp" },
285	{ -1,		N_CLNPSTAT,	1,	 0,
286	  clnp_stats,	NULL,		"clnp"},
287	{ -1,		N_ESISSTAT,	1,	 0,
288	  esis_stats,	NULL,		"esis"},
289	{ -1,		-1,		0,	0,
290	  0,		NULL,		0 }
291};
292#endif
293
294struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
295					 protox,
296#ifdef INET6
297					 ip6protox,
298#endif
299#ifdef IPSEC
300					 pfkeyprotox,
301#endif
302					 ipxprotox, atalkprotox,
303#ifdef NS
304					 nsprotox,
305#endif
306#ifdef ISO
307					 isoprotox,
308#endif
309					 NULL };
310
311static void printproto (struct protox *, const char *);
312static void usage (void);
313static struct protox *name2protox (char *);
314static struct protox *knownname (char *);
315
316static kvm_t *kvmd;
317static char *nlistf = NULL, *memf = NULL;
318
319int	Aflag;		/* show addresses of protocol control block */
320int	aflag;		/* show all sockets (including servers) */
321int	bflag;		/* show i/f total bytes in/out */
322int	dflag;		/* show i/f dropped packets */
323int	gflag;		/* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
324int	iflag;		/* show interfaces */
325int	Lflag;		/* show size of listen queues */
326int	mflag;		/* show memory stats */
327int	numeric_addr;	/* show addresses numerically */
328int	numeric_port;	/* show ports numerically */
329static int pflag;	/* show given protocol */
330int	rflag;		/* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
331int	sflag;		/* show protocol statistics */
332int	tflag;		/* show i/f watchdog timers */
333int	Wflag;		/* wide display */
334int	zflag;		/* zero stats */
335
336int	interval;	/* repeat interval for i/f stats */
337
338char	*interface;	/* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
339int	unit;		/* unit number for above */
340
341int	af;		/* address family */
342
343int
344main(int argc, char *argv[])
345{
346	struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
347	int ch;
348
349	af = AF_UNSPEC;
350
351	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Aabdf:gI:iLlM:mN:np:rSstuWw:z")) != -1)
352		switch(ch) {
353		case 'A':
354			Aflag = 1;
355			break;
356		case 'a':
357			aflag = 1;
358			break;
359		case 'b':
360			bflag = 1;
361			break;
362		case 'd':
363			dflag = 1;
364			break;
365		case 'f':
366#ifdef NS
367			if (strcmp(optarg, "ns") == 0)
368				af = AF_NS;
369			else
370#endif
371			if (strcmp(optarg, "ipx") == 0)
372				af = AF_IPX;
373			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
374				af = AF_INET;
375#ifdef INET6
376			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
377				af = AF_INET6;
378#endif /*INET6*/
379#ifdef INET6
380			else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
381				af = PF_KEY;
382#endif /*INET6*/
383			else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0)
384				af = AF_UNIX;
385			else if (strcmp(optarg, "atalk") == 0)
386				af = AF_APPLETALK;
387			else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
388			    || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
389				af = AF_NETGRAPH;
390#ifdef ISO
391			else if (strcmp(optarg, "iso") == 0)
392				af = AF_ISO;
393#endif
394			else if (strcmp(optarg, "link") == 0)
395				af = AF_LINK;
396			else {
397				errx(1, "%s: unknown address family", optarg);
398			}
399			break;
400		case 'g':
401			gflag = 1;
402			break;
403		case 'I': {
404			char *cp;
405
406			iflag = 1;
407			for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
408				continue;
409			unit = atoi(cp);
410			break;
411		}
412		case 'i':
413			iflag = 1;
414			break;
415		case 'L':
416			Lflag = 1;
417			break;
418		case 'M':
419			memf = optarg;
420			break;
421		case 'm':
422			mflag = 1;
423			break;
424		case 'N':
425			nlistf = optarg;
426			break;
427		case 'n':
428			numeric_addr = numeric_port = 1;
429			break;
430		case 'p':
431			if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
432				errx(1,
433				     "%s: unknown or uninstrumented protocol",
434				     optarg);
435			}
436			pflag = 1;
437			break;
438		case 'r':
439			rflag = 1;
440			break;
441		case 's':
442			++sflag;
443			break;
444		case 'S':
445			numeric_addr = 1;
446			break;
447		case 't':
448			tflag = 1;
449			break;
450		case 'u':
451			af = AF_UNIX;
452			break;
453		case 'W':
454		case 'l':
455			Wflag = 1;
456			break;
457		case 'w':
458			interval = atoi(optarg);
459			iflag = 1;
460			break;
461		case 'z':
462			zflag = 1;
463			break;
464		case '?':
465		default:
466			usage();
467		}
468	argv += optind;
469	argc -= optind;
470
471#define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
472#ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
473	if (*argv) {
474		if (isdigit(**argv)) {
475			interval = atoi(*argv);
476			if (interval <= 0)
477				usage();
478			++argv;
479			iflag = 1;
480		}
481		if (*argv) {
482			nlistf = *argv;
483			if (*++argv)
484				memf = *argv;
485		}
486	}
487#endif
488
489	/*
490	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
491	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
492	 */
493	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
494		setgid(getgid());
495
496	if (mflag) {
497		if (memf != NULL) {
498			if (kread(0, 0, 0) == 0)
499				mbpr(nl[N_MBSTAT].n_value,
500				    nl[N_MBTYPES].n_value,
501				    nl[N_NMBCLUSTERS].n_value,
502				    nl[N_NMBUFS].n_value,
503				    nl[N_MBLIM].n_value,
504				    nl[N_CLLIM].n_value,
505				    nl[N_NCPUS].n_value,
506				    nl[N_PAGESZ].n_value,
507				    nl[N_MBPSTAT].n_value);
508		} else
509			mbpr(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
510		exit(0);
511	}
512#if 0
513	/*
514	 * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
515	 * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
516	 */
517	sethostent(1);
518	setnetent(1);
519#else
520	/*
521	 * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
522	 * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
523	 * used for the queries, which is slower.
524	 */
525#endif
526	if (iflag && !sflag) {
527		kread(0, 0, 0);
528		intpr(interval, nl[N_IFNET].n_value, NULL);
529		exit(0);
530	}
531	if (rflag) {
532		kread(0, 0, 0);
533		if (sflag)
534			rt_stats(nl[N_RTSTAT].n_value, nl[N_RTTRASH].n_value);
535		else
536			routepr(nl[N_RTREE].n_value);
537		exit(0);
538	}
539	if (gflag) {
540		kread(0, 0, 0);
541		if (sflag) {
542			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
543				mrt_stats(nl[N_MRTSTAT].n_value);
544#ifdef INET6
545			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
546				mrt6_stats(nl[N_MRT6STAT].n_value);
547#endif
548		} else {
549			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
550				mroutepr(nl[N_MFCTABLE].n_value,
551					 nl[N_VIFTABLE].n_value);
552#ifdef INET6
553			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
554				mroute6pr(nl[N_MF6CTABLE].n_value,
555					  nl[N_MIF6TABLE].n_value);
556#endif
557		}
558		exit(0);
559	}
560
561	kread(0, 0, 0);
562	if (tp) {
563		printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
564		exit(0);
565	}
566	if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
567		for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
568			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
569#ifdef INET6
570	if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
571		for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
572			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
573#endif /*INET6*/
574#ifdef IPSEC
575	if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
576		for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
577			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
578#endif /*IPSEC*/
579	if (af == AF_IPX || af == AF_UNSPEC) {
580		kread(0, 0, 0);
581		for (tp = ipxprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
582			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
583	}
584	if (af == AF_APPLETALK || af == AF_UNSPEC)
585		for (tp = atalkprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
586			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
587	if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
588		for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
589			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
590#ifdef NS
591	if (af == AF_NS || af == AF_UNSPEC)
592		for (tp = nsprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
593			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
594#endif
595#ifdef ISO
596	if (af == AF_ISO || af == AF_UNSPEC)
597		for (tp = isoprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
598			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name);
599#endif
600	if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !Lflag && !sflag)
601		unixpr();
602	exit(0);
603}
604
605/*
606 * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
607 * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
608 * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
609 */
610static void
611printproto(tp, name)
612	struct protox *tp;
613	const char *name;
614{
615	void (*pr)(u_long, const char *, int);
616	u_long off;
617
618	if (sflag) {
619		if (iflag) {
620			if (tp->pr_istats)
621				intpr(interval, nl[N_IFNET].n_value,
622				      tp->pr_istats);
623			else if (pflag)
624				printf("%s: no per-interface stats routine\n",
625				    tp->pr_name);
626			return;
627		}
628		else {
629			pr = tp->pr_stats;
630			if (!pr) {
631				if (pflag)
632					printf("%s: no stats routine\n",
633					    tp->pr_name);
634				return;
635			}
636			off = tp->pr_usesysctl ? tp->pr_usesysctl
637				: nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
638		}
639	} else {
640		pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
641		if (!pr) {
642			if (pflag)
643				printf("%s: no PCB routine\n", tp->pr_name);
644			return;
645		}
646		off = tp->pr_usesysctl ? tp->pr_usesysctl
647			: nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
648	}
649	if (pr != NULL && (off || af != AF_UNSPEC))
650		(*pr)(off, name, af);
651}
652
653/*
654 * Read kernel memory, return 0 on success.
655 */
656int
657kread(u_long addr, char *buf, int size)
658{
659	if (kvmd == 0) {
660		/*
661		 * XXX.
662		 */
663		kvmd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, buf);
664		setgid(getgid());
665		if (kvmd != NULL) {
666			if (kvm_nlist(kvmd, nl) < 0) {
667				if(nlistf)
668					errx(1, "%s: kvm_nlist: %s", nlistf,
669					     kvm_geterr(kvmd));
670				else
671					errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
672			}
673
674			if (nl[0].n_type == 0) {
675				if(nlistf)
676					errx(1, "%s: no namelist", nlistf);
677				else
678					errx(1, "no namelist");
679			}
680		} else {
681			warnx("kvm not available");
682			return(-1);
683		}
684	}
685	if (!buf)
686		return (0);
687	if (kvm_read(kvmd, addr, buf, size) != size) {
688		warnx("%s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
689		return (-1);
690	}
691	return (0);
692}
693
694const char *
695plural(int n)
696{
697	return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
698}
699
700const char *
701plurales(int n)
702{
703	return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
704}
705
706const char *
707pluralies(int n)
708{
709	return (n != 1 ? "ies" : "y");
710}
711
712/*
713 * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
714 */
715static struct protox *
716knownname(char *name)
717{
718	struct protox **tpp, *tp;
719
720	for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
721		for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
722			if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
723				return (tp);
724	return (NULL);
725}
726
727/*
728 * Find the protox corresponding to name.
729 */
730static struct protox *
731name2protox(char *name)
732{
733	struct protox *tp;
734	char **alias;			/* alias from p->aliases */
735	struct protoent *p;
736
737	/*
738	 * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
739	 * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
740	 */
741	if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
742		return (tp);
743
744	setprotoent(1);			/* make protocol lookup cheaper */
745	while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
746		/* assert: name not same as p->name */
747		for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
748			if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
749				endprotoent();
750				return (knownname(p->p_name));
751			}
752	}
753	endprotoent();
754	return (NULL);
755}
756
757static void
758usage(void)
759{
760	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
761"usage: netstat [-AaLnSW] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
762"               [-M core] [-N system]",
763"       netstat -i | -I interface [-abdnt] [-f address_family]\n"
764"               [-M core] [-N system]",
765"       netstat -w wait [-I interface] [-d] [-M core] [-N system]",
766"       netstat -s [-s] [-z] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol] [-M core]",
767"       netstat -i | -I interface -s [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
768"               [-M core] [-N system]",
769"       netstat -m [-M core] [-N system]",
770"       netstat -r [-AanW] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
771"       netstat -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]",
772"       netstat -g [-W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
773"       netstat -gs [-s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]");
774	exit(1);
775}
776