vfs_cluster.c revision 122537
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 * Modifications/enhancements:
5 * 	Copyright (c) 1995 John S. Dyson.  All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
18 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21 *    without specific prior written permission.
22 *
23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * SUCH DAMAGE.
34 *
35 *	@(#)vfs_cluster.c	8.7 (Berkeley) 2/13/94
36 */
37
38#include <sys/cdefs.h>
39__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sys/kern/vfs_cluster.c 122537 2003-11-12 08:01:40Z mckusick $");
40
41#include "opt_debug_cluster.h"
42
43#include <sys/param.h>
44#include <sys/systm.h>
45#include <sys/kernel.h>
46#include <sys/proc.h>
47#include <sys/bio.h>
48#include <sys/buf.h>
49#include <sys/vnode.h>
50#include <sys/malloc.h>
51#include <sys/mount.h>
52#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
53#include <sys/vmmeter.h>
54#include <vm/vm.h>
55#include <vm/vm_object.h>
56#include <vm/vm_page.h>
57#include <sys/sysctl.h>
58
59#if defined(CLUSTERDEBUG)
60static int	rcluster= 0;
61SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, rcluster, CTLFLAG_RW, &rcluster, 0,
62    "Debug VFS clustering code");
63#endif
64
65static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_SEGMENT, "cluster_save buffer", "cluster_save buffer");
66
67static struct cluster_save *
68	cluster_collectbufs(struct vnode *vp, struct buf *last_bp);
69static struct buf *
70	cluster_rbuild(struct vnode *vp, u_quad_t filesize, daddr_t lbn,
71			 daddr_t blkno, long size, int run, struct buf *fbp);
72
73static int write_behind = 1;
74SYSCTL_INT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, write_behind, CTLFLAG_RW, &write_behind, 0,
75    "Cluster write-behind; 0: disable, 1: enable, 2: backed off");
76
77static int read_max = 8;
78SYSCTL_INT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, read_max, CTLFLAG_RW, &read_max, 0,
79    "Cluster read-ahead max block count");
80
81/* Page expended to mark partially backed buffers */
82extern vm_page_t	bogus_page;
83
84/*
85 * Number of physical bufs (pbufs) this subsystem is allowed.
86 * Manipulated by vm_pager.c
87 */
88extern int cluster_pbuf_freecnt;
89
90/*
91 * Read data to a buf, including read-ahead if we find this to be beneficial.
92 * cluster_read replaces bread.
93 */
94int
95cluster_read(vp, filesize, lblkno, size, cred, totread, seqcount, bpp)
96	struct vnode *vp;
97	u_quad_t filesize;
98	daddr_t lblkno;
99	long size;
100	struct ucred *cred;
101	long totread;
102	int seqcount;
103	struct buf **bpp;
104{
105	struct buf *bp, *rbp, *reqbp;
106	daddr_t blkno, origblkno;
107	int maxra, racluster;
108	int error, ncontig;
109	int i;
110
111	error = 0;
112
113	/*
114	 * Try to limit the amount of read-ahead by a few
115	 * ad-hoc parameters.  This needs work!!!
116	 */
117	racluster = vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max / size;
118	maxra = seqcount;
119	maxra = min(read_max, maxra);
120	maxra = min(nbuf/8, maxra);
121	if (((u_quad_t)(lblkno + maxra + 1) * size) > filesize)
122		maxra = (filesize / size) - lblkno;
123
124	/*
125	 * get the requested block
126	 */
127	*bpp = reqbp = bp = getblk(vp, lblkno, size, 0, 0, 0);
128	origblkno = lblkno;
129
130	/*
131	 * if it is in the cache, then check to see if the reads have been
132	 * sequential.  If they have, then try some read-ahead, otherwise
133	 * back-off on prospective read-aheads.
134	 */
135	if (bp->b_flags & B_CACHE) {
136		if (!seqcount) {
137			return 0;
138		} else if ((bp->b_flags & B_RAM) == 0) {
139			return 0;
140		} else {
141			int s;
142			bp->b_flags &= ~B_RAM;
143			/*
144			 * We do the spl here so that there is no window
145			 * between the incore and the b_usecount increment
146			 * below.  We opt to keep the spl out of the loop
147			 * for efficiency.
148			 */
149			s = splbio();
150			VI_LOCK(vp);
151			for (i = 1; i < maxra; i++) {
152				/*
153				 * Stop if the buffer does not exist or it
154				 * is invalid (about to go away?)
155				 */
156				rbp = gbincore(vp, lblkno+i);
157				if (rbp == NULL || (rbp->b_flags & B_INVAL))
158					break;
159
160				/*
161				 * Set another read-ahead mark so we know
162				 * to check again.
163				 */
164				if (((i % racluster) == (racluster - 1)) ||
165					(i == (maxra - 1)))
166					rbp->b_flags |= B_RAM;
167			}
168			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
169			splx(s);
170			if (i >= maxra) {
171				return 0;
172			}
173			lblkno += i;
174		}
175		reqbp = bp = NULL;
176	/*
177	 * If it isn't in the cache, then get a chunk from
178	 * disk if sequential, otherwise just get the block.
179	 */
180	} else {
181		off_t firstread = bp->b_offset;
182		int nblks;
183
184		KASSERT(bp->b_offset != NOOFFSET,
185		    ("cluster_read: no buffer offset"));
186
187		ncontig = 0;
188
189		/*
190		 * Compute the total number of blocks that we should read
191		 * synchronously.
192		 */
193		if (firstread + totread > filesize)
194			totread = filesize - firstread;
195		nblks = howmany(totread, size);
196		if (nblks > racluster)
197			nblks = racluster;
198
199		/*
200		 * Now compute the number of contiguous blocks.
201		 */
202		if (nblks > 1) {
203	    		error = VOP_BMAP(vp, lblkno, NULL,
204				&blkno, &ncontig, NULL);
205			/*
206			 * If this failed to map just do the original block.
207			 */
208			if (error || blkno == -1)
209				ncontig = 0;
210		}
211
212		/*
213		 * If we have contiguous data available do a cluster
214		 * otherwise just read the requested block.
215		 */
216		if (ncontig) {
217			/* Account for our first block. */
218			ncontig = min(ncontig + 1, nblks);
219			if (ncontig < nblks)
220				nblks = ncontig;
221			bp = cluster_rbuild(vp, filesize, lblkno,
222				blkno, size, nblks, bp);
223			lblkno += (bp->b_bufsize / size);
224		} else {
225			bp->b_flags |= B_RAM;
226			bp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
227			lblkno += 1;
228		}
229	}
230
231	/*
232	 * handle the synchronous read so that it is available ASAP.
233	 */
234	if (bp) {
235		if ((bp->b_flags & B_CLUSTER) == 0) {
236			vfs_busy_pages(bp, 0);
237		}
238		bp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
239		bp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
240		if ((bp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) || bp->b_iodone != NULL)
241			BUF_KERNPROC(bp);
242		bp->b_iooffset = dbtob(bp->b_blkno);
243		error = VOP_STRATEGY(vp, bp);
244		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_inblock++;
245		if (error)
246			return (error);
247	}
248
249	/*
250	 * If we have been doing sequential I/O, then do some read-ahead.
251	 */
252	while (lblkno < (origblkno + maxra)) {
253		error = VOP_BMAP(vp, lblkno, NULL, &blkno, &ncontig, NULL);
254		if (error)
255			break;
256
257		if (blkno == -1)
258			break;
259
260		/*
261		 * We could throttle ncontig here by maxra but we might as
262		 * well read the data if it is contiguous.  We're throttled
263		 * by racluster anyway.
264		 */
265		if (ncontig) {
266			ncontig = min(ncontig + 1, racluster);
267			rbp = cluster_rbuild(vp, filesize, lblkno, blkno,
268				size, ncontig, NULL);
269			lblkno += (rbp->b_bufsize / size);
270			if (rbp->b_flags & B_DELWRI) {
271				bqrelse(rbp);
272				continue;
273			}
274		} else {
275			rbp = getblk(vp, lblkno, size, 0, 0, 0);
276			lblkno += 1;
277			if (rbp->b_flags & B_DELWRI) {
278				bqrelse(rbp);
279				continue;
280			}
281			rbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC | B_RAM;
282			rbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
283			rbp->b_blkno = blkno;
284		}
285		if (rbp->b_flags & B_CACHE) {
286			rbp->b_flags &= ~B_ASYNC;
287			bqrelse(rbp);
288			continue;
289		}
290		if ((rbp->b_flags & B_CLUSTER) == 0) {
291			vfs_busy_pages(rbp, 0);
292		}
293		rbp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
294		rbp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
295		if ((rbp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) || rbp->b_iodone != NULL)
296			BUF_KERNPROC(rbp);
297		rbp->b_iooffset = dbtob(rbp->b_blkno);
298		(void) VOP_STRATEGY(vp, rbp);
299		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_inblock++;
300	}
301
302	if (reqbp)
303		return (bufwait(reqbp));
304	else
305		return (error);
306}
307
308/*
309 * If blocks are contiguous on disk, use this to provide clustered
310 * read ahead.  We will read as many blocks as possible sequentially
311 * and then parcel them up into logical blocks in the buffer hash table.
312 */
313static struct buf *
314cluster_rbuild(vp, filesize, lbn, blkno, size, run, fbp)
315	struct vnode *vp;
316	u_quad_t filesize;
317	daddr_t lbn;
318	daddr_t blkno;
319	long size;
320	int run;
321	struct buf *fbp;
322{
323	struct buf *bp, *tbp;
324	daddr_t bn;
325	int i, inc, j;
326
327	GIANT_REQUIRED;
328
329	KASSERT(size == vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize,
330	    ("cluster_rbuild: size %ld != filesize %jd\n",
331	    size, (intmax_t)vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize));
332
333	/*
334	 * avoid a division
335	 */
336	while ((u_quad_t) size * (lbn + run) > filesize) {
337		--run;
338	}
339
340	if (fbp) {
341		tbp = fbp;
342		tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
343	} else {
344		tbp = getblk(vp, lbn, size, 0, 0, 0);
345		if (tbp->b_flags & B_CACHE)
346			return tbp;
347		tbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC | B_RAM;
348		tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
349	}
350
351	tbp->b_blkno = blkno;
352	if( (tbp->b_flags & B_MALLOC) ||
353		((tbp->b_flags & B_VMIO) == 0) || (run <= 1) )
354		return tbp;
355
356	bp = trypbuf(&cluster_pbuf_freecnt);
357	if (bp == 0)
358		return tbp;
359
360	/*
361	 * We are synthesizing a buffer out of vm_page_t's, but
362	 * if the block size is not page aligned then the starting
363	 * address may not be either.  Inherit the b_data offset
364	 * from the original buffer.
365	 */
366	bp->b_data = (char *)((vm_offset_t)bp->b_data |
367	    ((vm_offset_t)tbp->b_data & PAGE_MASK));
368	bp->b_flags = B_ASYNC | B_CLUSTER | B_VMIO;
369	bp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
370	bp->b_iodone = cluster_callback;
371	bp->b_blkno = blkno;
372	bp->b_lblkno = lbn;
373	bp->b_offset = tbp->b_offset;
374	KASSERT(bp->b_offset != NOOFFSET, ("cluster_rbuild: no buffer offset"));
375	pbgetvp(vp, bp);
376
377	TAILQ_INIT(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head);
378
379	bp->b_bcount = 0;
380	bp->b_bufsize = 0;
381	bp->b_npages = 0;
382
383	inc = btodb(size);
384	for (bn = blkno, i = 0; i < run; ++i, bn += inc) {
385		if (i != 0) {
386			if ((bp->b_npages * PAGE_SIZE) +
387			    round_page(size) > vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max) {
388				break;
389			}
390
391			tbp = getblk(vp, lbn + i, size, 0, 0, GB_LOCK_NOWAIT);
392
393			/* Don't wait around for locked bufs. */
394			if (tbp == NULL)
395				break;
396
397			/*
398			 * Stop scanning if the buffer is fully valid
399			 * (marked B_CACHE), or locked (may be doing a
400			 * background write), or if the buffer is not
401			 * VMIO backed.  The clustering code can only deal
402			 * with VMIO-backed buffers.
403			 */
404			VI_LOCK(bp->b_vp);
405			if ((tbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG) ||
406			    (tbp->b_flags & B_CACHE) ||
407			    (tbp->b_flags & B_VMIO) == 0) {
408				VI_UNLOCK(bp->b_vp);
409				bqrelse(tbp);
410				break;
411			}
412			VI_UNLOCK(bp->b_vp);
413
414			/*
415			 * The buffer must be completely invalid in order to
416			 * take part in the cluster.  If it is partially valid
417			 * then we stop.
418			 */
419			VM_OBJECT_LOCK(tbp->b_object);
420			for (j = 0;j < tbp->b_npages; j++) {
421				VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(tbp->b_pages[j]->object,
422				    MA_OWNED);
423				if (tbp->b_pages[j]->valid)
424					break;
425			}
426			VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tbp->b_object);
427			if (j != tbp->b_npages) {
428				bqrelse(tbp);
429				break;
430			}
431
432			/*
433			 * Set a read-ahead mark as appropriate
434			 */
435			if ((fbp && (i == 1)) || (i == (run - 1)))
436				tbp->b_flags |= B_RAM;
437
438			/*
439			 * Set the buffer up for an async read (XXX should
440			 * we do this only if we do not wind up brelse()ing?).
441			 * Set the block number if it isn't set, otherwise
442			 * if it is make sure it matches the block number we
443			 * expect.
444			 */
445			tbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC;
446			tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
447			if (tbp->b_blkno == tbp->b_lblkno) {
448				tbp->b_blkno = bn;
449			} else if (tbp->b_blkno != bn) {
450				brelse(tbp);
451				break;
452			}
453		}
454		/*
455		 * XXX fbp from caller may not be B_ASYNC, but we are going
456		 * to biodone() it in cluster_callback() anyway
457		 */
458		BUF_KERNPROC(tbp);
459		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head,
460			tbp, b_cluster.cluster_entry);
461		VM_OBJECT_LOCK(tbp->b_object);
462		vm_page_lock_queues();
463		for (j = 0; j < tbp->b_npages; j += 1) {
464			vm_page_t m;
465			m = tbp->b_pages[j];
466			vm_page_io_start(m);
467			vm_object_pip_add(m->object, 1);
468			if ((bp->b_npages == 0) ||
469				(bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages-1] != m)) {
470				bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages] = m;
471				bp->b_npages++;
472			}
473			if ((m->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
474				tbp->b_pages[j] = bogus_page;
475		}
476		vm_page_unlock_queues();
477		VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tbp->b_object);
478		/*
479		 * XXX shouldn't this be += size for both, like in
480		 * cluster_wbuild()?
481		 *
482		 * Don't inherit tbp->b_bufsize as it may be larger due to
483		 * a non-page-aligned size.  Instead just aggregate using
484		 * 'size'.
485		 */
486		if (tbp->b_bcount != size)
487			printf("warning: tbp->b_bcount wrong %ld vs %ld\n", tbp->b_bcount, size);
488		if (tbp->b_bufsize != size)
489			printf("warning: tbp->b_bufsize wrong %ld vs %ld\n", tbp->b_bufsize, size);
490		bp->b_bcount += size;
491		bp->b_bufsize += size;
492	}
493
494	/*
495	 * Fully valid pages in the cluster are already good and do not need
496	 * to be re-read from disk.  Replace the page with bogus_page
497	 */
498	VM_OBJECT_LOCK(bp->b_object);
499	for (j = 0; j < bp->b_npages; j++) {
500		VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(bp->b_pages[j]->object, MA_OWNED);
501		if ((bp->b_pages[j]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) ==
502		    VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
503			bp->b_pages[j] = bogus_page;
504		}
505	}
506	VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(bp->b_object);
507	if (bp->b_bufsize > bp->b_kvasize)
508		panic("cluster_rbuild: b_bufsize(%ld) > b_kvasize(%d)\n",
509		    bp->b_bufsize, bp->b_kvasize);
510	bp->b_kvasize = bp->b_bufsize;
511
512	pmap_qenter(trunc_page((vm_offset_t) bp->b_data),
513		(vm_page_t *)bp->b_pages, bp->b_npages);
514	return (bp);
515}
516
517/*
518 * Cleanup after a clustered read or write.
519 * This is complicated by the fact that any of the buffers might have
520 * extra memory (if there were no empty buffer headers at allocbuf time)
521 * that we will need to shift around.
522 */
523void
524cluster_callback(bp)
525	struct buf *bp;
526{
527	struct buf *nbp, *tbp;
528	int error = 0;
529
530	GIANT_REQUIRED;
531
532	/*
533	 * Must propogate errors to all the components.
534	 */
535	if (bp->b_ioflags & BIO_ERROR)
536		error = bp->b_error;
537
538	pmap_qremove(trunc_page((vm_offset_t) bp->b_data), bp->b_npages);
539	/*
540	 * Move memory from the large cluster buffer into the component
541	 * buffers and mark IO as done on these.
542	 */
543	for (tbp = TAILQ_FIRST(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head);
544		tbp; tbp = nbp) {
545		nbp = TAILQ_NEXT(&tbp->b_cluster, cluster_entry);
546		if (error) {
547			tbp->b_ioflags |= BIO_ERROR;
548			tbp->b_error = error;
549		} else {
550			tbp->b_dirtyoff = tbp->b_dirtyend = 0;
551			tbp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
552			tbp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
553			/*
554			 * XXX the bdwrite()/bqrelse() issued during
555			 * cluster building clears B_RELBUF (see bqrelse()
556			 * comment).  If direct I/O was specified, we have
557			 * to restore it here to allow the buffer and VM
558			 * to be freed.
559			 */
560			if (tbp->b_flags & B_DIRECT)
561				tbp->b_flags |= B_RELBUF;
562		}
563		bufdone(tbp);
564	}
565	relpbuf(bp, &cluster_pbuf_freecnt);
566}
567
568/*
569 *	cluster_wbuild_wb:
570 *
571 *	Implement modified write build for cluster.
572 *
573 *		write_behind = 0	write behind disabled
574 *		write_behind = 1	write behind normal (default)
575 *		write_behind = 2	write behind backed-off
576 */
577
578static __inline int
579cluster_wbuild_wb(struct vnode *vp, long size, daddr_t start_lbn, int len)
580{
581	int r = 0;
582
583	switch(write_behind) {
584	case 2:
585		if (start_lbn < len)
586			break;
587		start_lbn -= len;
588		/* FALLTHROUGH */
589	case 1:
590		r = cluster_wbuild(vp, size, start_lbn, len);
591		/* FALLTHROUGH */
592	default:
593		/* FALLTHROUGH */
594		break;
595	}
596	return(r);
597}
598
599/*
600 * Do clustered write for FFS.
601 *
602 * Three cases:
603 *	1. Write is not sequential (write asynchronously)
604 *	Write is sequential:
605 *	2.	beginning of cluster - begin cluster
606 *	3.	middle of a cluster - add to cluster
607 *	4.	end of a cluster - asynchronously write cluster
608 */
609void
610cluster_write(bp, filesize, seqcount)
611	struct buf *bp;
612	u_quad_t filesize;
613	int seqcount;
614{
615	struct vnode *vp;
616	daddr_t lbn;
617	int maxclen, cursize;
618	int lblocksize;
619	int async;
620
621	vp = bp->b_vp;
622	if (vp->v_type == VREG) {
623		async = vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_ASYNC;
624		lblocksize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
625	} else {
626		async = 0;
627		lblocksize = bp->b_bufsize;
628	}
629	lbn = bp->b_lblkno;
630	KASSERT(bp->b_offset != NOOFFSET, ("cluster_write: no buffer offset"));
631
632	/* Initialize vnode to beginning of file. */
633	if (lbn == 0)
634		vp->v_lasta = vp->v_clen = vp->v_cstart = vp->v_lastw = 0;
635
636	if (vp->v_clen == 0 || lbn != vp->v_lastw + 1 ||
637	    (bp->b_blkno != vp->v_lasta + btodb(lblocksize))) {
638		maxclen = vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max / lblocksize - 1;
639		if (vp->v_clen != 0) {
640			/*
641			 * Next block is not sequential.
642			 *
643			 * If we are not writing at end of file, the process
644			 * seeked to another point in the file since its last
645			 * write, or we have reached our maximum cluster size,
646			 * then push the previous cluster. Otherwise try
647			 * reallocating to make it sequential.
648			 *
649			 * Change to algorithm: only push previous cluster if
650			 * it was sequential from the point of view of the
651			 * seqcount heuristic, otherwise leave the buffer
652			 * intact so we can potentially optimize the I/O
653			 * later on in the buf_daemon or update daemon
654			 * flush.
655			 */
656			cursize = vp->v_lastw - vp->v_cstart + 1;
657			if (((u_quad_t) bp->b_offset + lblocksize) != filesize ||
658			    lbn != vp->v_lastw + 1 || vp->v_clen <= cursize) {
659				if (!async && seqcount > 0) {
660					cluster_wbuild_wb(vp, lblocksize,
661						vp->v_cstart, cursize);
662				}
663			} else {
664				struct buf **bpp, **endbp;
665				struct cluster_save *buflist;
666
667				buflist = cluster_collectbufs(vp, bp);
668				endbp = &buflist->bs_children
669				    [buflist->bs_nchildren - 1];
670				if (VOP_REALLOCBLKS(vp, buflist)) {
671					/*
672					 * Failed, push the previous cluster
673					 * if *really* writing sequentially
674					 * in the logical file (seqcount > 1),
675					 * otherwise delay it in the hopes that
676					 * the low level disk driver can
677					 * optimize the write ordering.
678					 */
679					for (bpp = buflist->bs_children;
680					     bpp < endbp; bpp++)
681						brelse(*bpp);
682					free(buflist, M_SEGMENT);
683					if (seqcount > 1) {
684						cluster_wbuild_wb(vp,
685						    lblocksize, vp->v_cstart,
686						    cursize);
687					}
688				} else {
689					/*
690					 * Succeeded, keep building cluster.
691					 */
692					for (bpp = buflist->bs_children;
693					     bpp <= endbp; bpp++)
694						bdwrite(*bpp);
695					free(buflist, M_SEGMENT);
696					vp->v_lastw = lbn;
697					vp->v_lasta = bp->b_blkno;
698					return;
699				}
700			}
701		}
702		/*
703		 * Consider beginning a cluster. If at end of file, make
704		 * cluster as large as possible, otherwise find size of
705		 * existing cluster.
706		 */
707		if ((vp->v_type == VREG) &&
708			((u_quad_t) bp->b_offset + lblocksize) != filesize &&
709		    (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno) &&
710		    (VOP_BMAP(vp, lbn, NULL, &bp->b_blkno, &maxclen, NULL) ||
711		     bp->b_blkno == -1)) {
712			bawrite(bp);
713			vp->v_clen = 0;
714			vp->v_lasta = bp->b_blkno;
715			vp->v_cstart = lbn + 1;
716			vp->v_lastw = lbn;
717			return;
718		}
719		vp->v_clen = maxclen;
720		if (!async && maxclen == 0) {	/* I/O not contiguous */
721			vp->v_cstart = lbn + 1;
722			bawrite(bp);
723		} else {	/* Wait for rest of cluster */
724			vp->v_cstart = lbn;
725			bdwrite(bp);
726		}
727	} else if (lbn == vp->v_cstart + vp->v_clen) {
728		/*
729		 * At end of cluster, write it out if seqcount tells us we
730		 * are operating sequentially, otherwise let the buf or
731		 * update daemon handle it.
732		 */
733		bdwrite(bp);
734		if (seqcount > 1)
735			cluster_wbuild_wb(vp, lblocksize, vp->v_cstart, vp->v_clen + 1);
736		vp->v_clen = 0;
737		vp->v_cstart = lbn + 1;
738	} else if (vm_page_count_severe()) {
739		/*
740		 * We are low on memory, get it going NOW
741		 */
742		bawrite(bp);
743	} else {
744		/*
745		 * In the middle of a cluster, so just delay the I/O for now.
746		 */
747		bdwrite(bp);
748	}
749	vp->v_lastw = lbn;
750	vp->v_lasta = bp->b_blkno;
751}
752
753
754/*
755 * This is an awful lot like cluster_rbuild...wish they could be combined.
756 * The last lbn argument is the current block on which I/O is being
757 * performed.  Check to see that it doesn't fall in the middle of
758 * the current block (if last_bp == NULL).
759 */
760int
761cluster_wbuild(vp, size, start_lbn, len)
762	struct vnode *vp;
763	long size;
764	daddr_t start_lbn;
765	int len;
766{
767	struct buf *bp, *tbp;
768	int i, j, s;
769	int totalwritten = 0;
770	int dbsize = btodb(size);
771
772	GIANT_REQUIRED;
773
774	while (len > 0) {
775		s = splbio();
776		/*
777		 * If the buffer is not delayed-write (i.e. dirty), or it
778		 * is delayed-write but either locked or inval, it cannot
779		 * partake in the clustered write.
780		 */
781		VI_LOCK(vp);
782		if ((tbp = gbincore(vp, start_lbn)) == NULL ||
783		    (tbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG)) {
784			VI_UNLOCK(vp);
785			++start_lbn;
786			--len;
787			splx(s);
788			continue;
789		}
790		if (BUF_LOCK(tbp,
791		    LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT | LK_INTERLOCK, VI_MTX(vp))) {
792			++start_lbn;
793			--len;
794			splx(s);
795			continue;
796		}
797		if ((tbp->b_flags & (B_INVAL | B_DELWRI)) != B_DELWRI) {
798			BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
799			++start_lbn;
800			--len;
801			splx(s);
802			continue;
803		}
804		bremfree(tbp);
805		tbp->b_flags &= ~B_DONE;
806		splx(s);
807
808		/*
809		 * Extra memory in the buffer, punt on this buffer.
810		 * XXX we could handle this in most cases, but we would
811		 * have to push the extra memory down to after our max
812		 * possible cluster size and then potentially pull it back
813		 * up if the cluster was terminated prematurely--too much
814		 * hassle.
815		 */
816		if (((tbp->b_flags & (B_CLUSTEROK | B_MALLOC | B_VMIO)) !=
817		     (B_CLUSTEROK | B_VMIO)) ||
818		  (tbp->b_bcount != tbp->b_bufsize) ||
819		  (tbp->b_bcount != size) ||
820		  (len == 1) ||
821		  ((bp = getpbuf(&cluster_pbuf_freecnt)) == NULL)) {
822			totalwritten += tbp->b_bufsize;
823			bawrite(tbp);
824			++start_lbn;
825			--len;
826			continue;
827		}
828
829		/*
830		 * We got a pbuf to make the cluster in.
831		 * so initialise it.
832		 */
833		TAILQ_INIT(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head);
834		bp->b_bcount = 0;
835		bp->b_magic = tbp->b_magic;
836		bp->b_op = tbp->b_op;
837		bp->b_bufsize = 0;
838		bp->b_npages = 0;
839		if (tbp->b_wcred != NOCRED)
840			bp->b_wcred = crhold(tbp->b_wcred);
841
842		bp->b_blkno = tbp->b_blkno;
843		bp->b_lblkno = tbp->b_lblkno;
844		bp->b_offset = tbp->b_offset;
845
846		/*
847		 * We are synthesizing a buffer out of vm_page_t's, but
848		 * if the block size is not page aligned then the starting
849		 * address may not be either.  Inherit the b_data offset
850		 * from the original buffer.
851		 */
852		bp->b_data = (char *)((vm_offset_t)bp->b_data |
853		    ((vm_offset_t)tbp->b_data & PAGE_MASK));
854		bp->b_flags |= B_CLUSTER |
855				(tbp->b_flags & (B_VMIO | B_NEEDCOMMIT));
856		bp->b_iodone = cluster_callback;
857		pbgetvp(vp, bp);
858		/*
859		 * From this location in the file, scan forward to see
860		 * if there are buffers with adjacent data that need to
861		 * be written as well.
862		 */
863		for (i = 0; i < len; ++i, ++start_lbn) {
864			if (i != 0) { /* If not the first buffer */
865				s = splbio();
866				/*
867				 * If the adjacent data is not even in core it
868				 * can't need to be written.
869				 */
870				VI_LOCK(vp);
871				if ((tbp = gbincore(vp, start_lbn)) == NULL ||
872				    (tbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG)) {
873					VI_UNLOCK(vp);
874					splx(s);
875					break;
876				}
877
878				/*
879				 * If it IS in core, but has different
880				 * characteristics, or is locked (which
881				 * means it could be undergoing a background
882				 * I/O or be in a weird state), then don't
883				 * cluster with it.
884				 */
885				if (BUF_LOCK(tbp,
886				    LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT | LK_INTERLOCK,
887				    VI_MTX(vp))) {
888					splx(s);
889					break;
890				}
891
892				if ((tbp->b_flags & (B_VMIO | B_CLUSTEROK |
893				    B_INVAL | B_DELWRI | B_NEEDCOMMIT))
894				    != (B_DELWRI | B_CLUSTEROK |
895				    (bp->b_flags & (B_VMIO | B_NEEDCOMMIT))) ||
896				    tbp->b_wcred != bp->b_wcred) {
897					BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
898					splx(s);
899					break;
900				}
901
902				/*
903				 * Check that the combined cluster
904				 * would make sense with regard to pages
905				 * and would not be too large
906				 */
907				if ((tbp->b_bcount != size) ||
908				  ((bp->b_blkno + (dbsize * i)) !=
909				    tbp->b_blkno) ||
910				  ((tbp->b_npages + bp->b_npages) >
911				    (vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max / PAGE_SIZE))) {
912					BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
913					splx(s);
914					break;
915				}
916				/*
917				 * Ok, it's passed all the tests,
918				 * so remove it from the free list
919				 * and mark it busy. We will use it.
920				 */
921				bremfree(tbp);
922				tbp->b_flags &= ~B_DONE;
923				splx(s);
924			} /* end of code for non-first buffers only */
925			/* check for latent dependencies to be handled */
926			if ((LIST_FIRST(&tbp->b_dep)) != NULL) {
927				tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_WRITE;
928				buf_start(tbp);
929			}
930			/*
931			 * If the IO is via the VM then we do some
932			 * special VM hackery (yuck).  Since the buffer's
933			 * block size may not be page-aligned it is possible
934			 * for a page to be shared between two buffers.  We
935			 * have to get rid of the duplication when building
936			 * the cluster.
937			 */
938			if (tbp->b_flags & B_VMIO) {
939				vm_page_t m;
940
941				if (i != 0) { /* if not first buffer */
942					for (j = 0; j < tbp->b_npages; j += 1) {
943						m = tbp->b_pages[j];
944						if (m->flags & PG_BUSY) {
945							bqrelse(tbp);
946							goto finishcluster;
947						}
948					}
949				}
950				if (tbp->b_object != NULL)
951					VM_OBJECT_LOCK(tbp->b_object);
952				vm_page_lock_queues();
953				for (j = 0; j < tbp->b_npages; j += 1) {
954					m = tbp->b_pages[j];
955					vm_page_io_start(m);
956					vm_object_pip_add(m->object, 1);
957					if ((bp->b_npages == 0) ||
958					  (bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages - 1] != m)) {
959						bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages] = m;
960						bp->b_npages++;
961					}
962				}
963				vm_page_unlock_queues();
964				if (tbp->b_object != NULL)
965					VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tbp->b_object);
966			}
967			bp->b_bcount += size;
968			bp->b_bufsize += size;
969
970			s = splbio();
971			bundirty(tbp);
972			tbp->b_flags &= ~B_DONE;
973			tbp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
974			tbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC;
975			tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_WRITE;
976			reassignbuf(tbp, tbp->b_vp);	/* put on clean list */
977			VI_LOCK(tbp->b_vp);
978			++tbp->b_vp->v_numoutput;
979			VI_UNLOCK(tbp->b_vp);
980			splx(s);
981			BUF_KERNPROC(tbp);
982			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head,
983				tbp, b_cluster.cluster_entry);
984		}
985	finishcluster:
986		pmap_qenter(trunc_page((vm_offset_t) bp->b_data),
987			(vm_page_t *) bp->b_pages, bp->b_npages);
988		if (bp->b_bufsize > bp->b_kvasize)
989			panic(
990			    "cluster_wbuild: b_bufsize(%ld) > b_kvasize(%d)\n",
991			    bp->b_bufsize, bp->b_kvasize);
992		bp->b_kvasize = bp->b_bufsize;
993		totalwritten += bp->b_bufsize;
994		bp->b_dirtyoff = 0;
995		bp->b_dirtyend = bp->b_bufsize;
996		bawrite(bp);
997
998		len -= i;
999	}
1000	return totalwritten;
1001}
1002
1003/*
1004 * Collect together all the buffers in a cluster.
1005 * Plus add one additional buffer.
1006 */
1007static struct cluster_save *
1008cluster_collectbufs(vp, last_bp)
1009	struct vnode *vp;
1010	struct buf *last_bp;
1011{
1012	struct cluster_save *buflist;
1013	struct buf *bp;
1014	daddr_t lbn;
1015	int i, len;
1016
1017	len = vp->v_lastw - vp->v_cstart + 1;
1018	buflist = malloc(sizeof(struct buf *) * (len + 1) + sizeof(*buflist),
1019	    M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
1020	buflist->bs_nchildren = 0;
1021	buflist->bs_children = (struct buf **) (buflist + 1);
1022	for (lbn = vp->v_cstart, i = 0; i < len; lbn++, i++) {
1023		(void) bread(vp, lbn, last_bp->b_bcount, NOCRED, &bp);
1024		buflist->bs_children[i] = bp;
1025		if (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno)
1026			VOP_BMAP(bp->b_vp, bp->b_lblkno, NULL, &bp->b_blkno,
1027				NULL, NULL);
1028	}
1029	buflist->bs_children[i] = bp = last_bp;
1030	if (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno)
1031		VOP_BMAP(bp->b_vp, bp->b_lblkno, NULL, &bp->b_blkno,
1032			NULL, NULL);
1033	buflist->bs_nchildren = i + 1;
1034	return (buflist);
1035}
1036