ping.c revision 125605 
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Mike Muuss.
7 *
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * are met:
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22 *    without specific prior written permission.
23 *
24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 * SUCH DAMAGE.
35 */
36
37#if 0
38#ifndef lint
39static const char copyright[] =
40"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
41	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
42#endif /* not lint */
43
44#ifndef lint
45static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
46#endif /* not lint */
47#endif
48#include <sys/cdefs.h>
49__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/sbin/ping/ping.c 125605 2004-02-08 21:59:17Z iedowse $");
50
51/*
52 *			P I N G . C
53 *
54 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
55 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
56 *
57 * Author -
58 *	Mike Muuss
59 *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
60 *	December, 1983
61 *
62 * Status -
63 *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
64 * Bugs -
65 *	More statistics could always be gathered.
66 *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
67 */
68
69#include <sys/param.h>		/* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
70#include <sys/socket.h>
71#include <sys/sysctl.h>
72#include <sys/time.h>
73#include <sys/uio.h>
74
75#include <netinet/in.h>
76#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
77#include <netinet/ip.h>
78#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
79#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
80#include <arpa/inet.h>
81
82#ifdef IPSEC
83#include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
84#endif /*IPSEC*/
85
86#include <ctype.h>
87#include <err.h>
88#include <errno.h>
89#include <math.h>
90#include <netdb.h>
91#include <signal.h>
92#include <stdio.h>
93#include <stdlib.h>
94#include <string.h>
95#include <sysexits.h>
96#include <termios.h>
97#include <unistd.h>
98
99#define	INADDR_LEN	((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
100#define	TIMEVAL_LEN	((int)sizeof(struct timeval))
101#define	MASK_LEN	(ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
102#define	TS_LEN		(ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
103#define	DEFDATALEN	56		/* default data length */
104#define	FLOOD_BACKOFF	20000		/* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
105					/* runs out of buffer space */
106#define	MAXIPLEN	(sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
107#define	MAXICMPLEN	(ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
108#define	MAXWAIT		10		/* max seconds to wait for response */
109#define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
110#define	MAXTOS		255
111
112#define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
113#define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
114#define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
115#define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
116#define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
117
118/* various options */
119int options;
120#define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
121#define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
122#define	F_NUMERIC	0x0004
123#define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
124#define	F_QUIET		0x0010
125#define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
126#define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
127#define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x0080
128#define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
129#define	F_QUIET2	0x0200
130#define	F_NOLOOP	0x0400
131#define	F_MTTL		0x0800
132#define	F_MIF		0x1000
133#define	F_AUDIBLE	0x2000
134#ifdef IPSEC
135#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
136#define F_POLICY	0x4000
137#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
138#endif /*IPSEC*/
139#define	F_TTL		0x8000
140#define	F_MISSED	0x10000
141#define	F_ONCE		0x20000
142#define	F_HDRINCL	0x40000
143#define	F_MASK		0x80000
144#define	F_TIME		0x100000
145
146/*
147 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
148 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
149 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
150 */
151#define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
152int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
153char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
154
155struct sockaddr_in whereto;	/* who to ping */
156int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
157int maxpayload;
158int s;				/* socket file descriptor */
159u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
160char BBELL = '\a';		/* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
161char BSPACE = '\b';		/* characters written for flood */
162char DOT = '.';
163char *hostname;
164char *shostname;
165int ident;			/* process id to identify our packets */
166int uid;			/* cached uid for micro-optimization */
167u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
168u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
169int phdr_len = 0;
170int send_len;
171
172/* counters */
173long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
174long npackets;			/* max packets to transmit */
175long nreceived;			/* # of packets we got back */
176long nrepeats;			/* number of duplicates */
177long ntransmitted;		/* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
178int interval = 1000;		/* interval between packets, ms */
179
180/* timing */
181int timing;			/* flag to do timing */
182double tmin = 999999999.0;	/* minimum round trip time */
183double tmax = 0.0;		/* maximum round trip time */
184double tsum = 0.0;		/* sum of all times, for doing average */
185double tsumsq = 0.0;		/* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
186
187volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
188int reset_kerninfo;
189volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
190
191static void fill(char *, char *);
192static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
193static void check_status(void);
194static void finish(void) __dead2;
195static void pinger(void);
196static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
197static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
198static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
199static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
200static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
201static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
202static void status(int);
203static void stopit(int);
204static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
205static void usage(void) __dead2;
206
207int
208main(argc, argv)
209	int argc;
210	char *const *argv;
211{
212	struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
213	struct in_addr ifaddr;
214	struct timeval last, intvl;
215	struct iovec iov;
216	struct ip *ip;
217	struct msghdr msg;
218	struct sigaction si_sa;
219	struct termios ts;
220	size_t sz;
221	u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET];
222	char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
223	struct hostent *hp;
224#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
225	char *policy_in, *policy_out;
226#endif
227	struct sockaddr_in *to;
228	double t;
229	u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp;
230	int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno,
231	    tos, ttl;
232	char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
233	char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
234#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
235	char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];	/* record route space */
236#endif
237	unsigned char loop, mttl;
238
239	payload = source = NULL;
240#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
241	policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
242#endif
243
244	/*
245	 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
246	 * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
247	 * after arg parsing.
248	 */
249	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
250	sockerrno = errno;
251
252	setuid(getuid());
253	uid = getuid();
254
255	alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0;
256
257	outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
258	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
259		"Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:"
260#ifdef IPSEC
261#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
262		"P:"
263#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
264#endif /*IPSEC*/
265		)) != -1)
266	{
267		switch(ch) {
268		case 'A':
269			options |= F_MISSED;
270			break;
271		case 'a':
272			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
273			break;
274		case 'c':
275			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
276			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
277				errx(EX_USAGE,
278				    "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
279				    optarg);
280			npackets = ultmp;
281			break;
282		case 'D':
283			options |= F_HDRINCL;
284			df = 1;
285			break;
286		case 'd':
287			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
288			break;
289		case 'f':
290			if (uid) {
291				errno = EPERM;
292				err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
293			}
294			options |= F_FLOOD;
295			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
296			break;
297		case 'I':		/* multicast interface */
298			if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
299				errx(EX_USAGE,
300				    "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
301				    optarg);
302			options |= F_MIF;
303			break;
304		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
305			t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
306			if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
307				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
308				    optarg);
309			options |= F_INTERVAL;
310			interval = (int)t;
311			if (uid && interval < 1000) {
312				errno = EPERM;
313				err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
314			}
315			break;
316		case 'L':
317			options |= F_NOLOOP;
318			loop = 0;
319			break;
320		case 'l':
321			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
322			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
323				errx(EX_USAGE,
324				    "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
325			if (uid) {
326				errno = EPERM;
327				err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
328			}
329			preload = ultmp;
330			break;
331		case 'M':
332			switch(optarg[0]) {
333			case 'M':
334			case 'm':
335				options |= F_MASK;
336				break;
337			case 'T':
338			case 't':
339				options |= F_TIME;
340				break;
341			default:
342				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
343				break;
344			}
345			break;
346		case 'm':		/* TTL */
347			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
348			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
349				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
350			ttl = ultmp;
351			options |= F_TTL;
352			break;
353		case 'n':
354			options |= F_NUMERIC;
355			break;
356		case 'o':
357			options |= F_ONCE;
358			break;
359#ifdef IPSEC
360#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
361		case 'P':
362			options |= F_POLICY;
363			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
364				policy_in = strdup(optarg);
365			else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
366				policy_out = strdup(optarg);
367			else
368				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
369			break;
370#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
371#endif /*IPSEC*/
372		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
373			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
374			payload = optarg;
375			break;
376		case 'Q':
377			options |= F_QUIET2;
378			break;
379		case 'q':
380			options |= F_QUIET;
381			break;
382		case 'R':
383			options |= F_RROUTE;
384			break;
385		case 'r':
386			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
387			break;
388		case 'S':
389			source = optarg;
390			break;
391		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
392			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
393			if (*ep || ep == optarg)
394				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
395				    optarg);
396			if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) {
397				errno = EPERM;
398				err(EX_NOPERM,
399				    "packet size too large: %lu > %u",
400				    ultmp, DEFDATALEN);
401			}
402			datalen = ultmp;
403			break;
404		case 'T':		/* multicast TTL */
405			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
406			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL)
407				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
408				    optarg);
409			mttl = ultmp;
410			options |= F_MTTL;
411			break;
412		case 't':
413			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
414			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
415				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
416				    optarg);
417			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
418				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
419				    optarg, MAXALARM);
420			alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
421			break;
422		case 'v':
423			options |= F_VERBOSE;
424			break;
425		case 'z':
426			options |= F_HDRINCL;
427			ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
428			if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS)
429				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
430			tos = ultmp;
431			break;
432		default:
433			usage();
434		}
435	}
436
437	if (argc - optind != 1)
438		usage();
439	target = argv[optind];
440
441	switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
442	case 0: break;
443	case F_MASK:
444		icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
445		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
446		phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
447		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
448			(void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
449		break;
450	case F_TIME:
451		icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
452		icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
453		phdr_len = TS_LEN;
454		if (!(options & F_QUIET))
455			(void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
456		break;
457	default:
458		errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
459		break;
460	}
461	icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
462	if (options & F_RROUTE)
463		icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
464	maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
465	if (datalen > maxpayload)
466		errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
467		    maxpayload);
468	send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
469	datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
470	if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
471		fill((char *)datap, payload);
472	}
473	if (source) {
474		bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
475		sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
476		if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
477			shostname = source;
478		} else {
479			hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
480			if (!hp)
481				errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
482				    source, hstrerror(h_errno));
483
484			sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
485			if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
486			    hp->h_length < 0)
487				errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
488			memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
489			    sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
490			(void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
491			    sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
492			snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
493			shostname = snamebuf;
494		}
495		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1)
496			err(1, "bind");
497	}
498
499	bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
500	to = &whereto;
501	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
502	to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
503	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
504		hostname = target;
505	} else {
506		hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
507		if (!hp)
508			errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
509			    target, hstrerror(h_errno));
510
511		if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
512			errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
513		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
514		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
515		hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
516		hostname = hnamebuf;
517	}
518
519	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
520		errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
521
522	if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
523		errx(EX_USAGE,
524		    "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
525	if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
526	    && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
527		errx(EX_USAGE,
528		    "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
529
530	if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)	/* can we time transfer */
531		timing = 1;
532
533	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
534		for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
535			*datap++ = i;
536
537	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
538
539	if (s < 0) {
540		errno = sockerrno;
541		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
542	}
543	hold = 1;
544	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
545		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
546		    sizeof(hold));
547	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
548		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
549		    sizeof(hold));
550#ifdef IPSEC
551#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
552	if (options & F_POLICY) {
553		char *buf;
554		if (policy_in != NULL) {
555			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
556			if (buf == NULL)
557				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
558			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
559					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
560				err(EX_CONFIG,
561				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
562			free(buf);
563		}
564
565		if (policy_out != NULL) {
566			buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
567			if (buf == NULL)
568				errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
569			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
570					buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
571				err(EX_CONFIG,
572				    "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
573			free(buf);
574		}
575	}
576#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
577#endif /*IPSEC*/
578
579	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
580		ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr;
581		if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
582			mib[0] = CTL_NET;
583			mib[1] = PF_INET;
584			mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
585			mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
586			sz = sizeof(ttl);
587			if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
588				err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
589		}
590		setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
591		ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
592		ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
593		ip->ip_tos = tos;
594		ip->ip_id = 0;
595		ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0;
596		ip->ip_ttl = ttl;
597		ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
598		ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
599		ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
600        }
601	/* record route option */
602	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
603#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
604		bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
605		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
606		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
607		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
608		rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
609		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
610		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
611			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
612#else
613		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
614		    "record route not available in this implementation");
615#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
616	}
617
618	if (options & F_TTL) {
619		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
620		    sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
621			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
622		}
623	}
624	if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
625		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
626		    sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
627			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
628		}
629	}
630	if (options & F_MTTL) {
631		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
632		    sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
633			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
634		}
635	}
636	if (options & F_MIF) {
637		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
638		    sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
639			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
640		}
641	}
642#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
643	{ int on = 1;
644	if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
645		err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
646	}
647#endif
648
649	/*
650	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
651	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
652	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
653	 * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
654	 * or multicast pings if they wish.
655	 */
656
657	/*
658	 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
659	 * as well.
660	 */
661	hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
662	(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
663	    sizeof(hold));
664	if (uid == 0)
665		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
666		    sizeof(hold));
667
668	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
669		(void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
670		    inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
671		if (source)
672			(void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
673		(void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
674	} else
675		(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
676
677	/*
678	 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
679	 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
680	 */
681
682	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
683	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
684
685	si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
686	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
687		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
688	}
689
690	si_sa.sa_handler = status;
691	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
692		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
693	}
694
695        if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
696		si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
697		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
698			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
699        }
700
701	bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
702	msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
703	msg.msg_iov = &iov;
704	msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
705#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
706	msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
707#endif
708	iov.iov_base = packet;
709	iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
710
711	if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
712		reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO);
713		ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO;
714		tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
715	}
716
717	if (preload == 0)
718		pinger();		/* send the first ping */
719	else {
720		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
721			preload = npackets;
722		while (preload--)	/* fire off them quickies */
723			pinger();
724	}
725	(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
726
727	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
728		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
729		intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
730	} else {
731		intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
732		intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
733	}
734
735	almost_done = 0;
736	while (!finish_up) {
737		struct timeval now, timeout;
738		fd_set rfds;
739		int cc, n;
740
741		check_status();
742		if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE)
743			errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
744		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
745		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
746		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
747		timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
748		timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
749		while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
750			timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
751			timeout.tv_sec--;
752		}
753		while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
754			timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
755			timeout.tv_sec++;
756		}
757		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
758			timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
759		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
760		if (n < 0)
761			continue;	/* Must be EINTR. */
762		if (n == 1) {
763			struct timeval *tv = NULL;
764#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
765			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
766
767			msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
768#endif
769			msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
770			if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
771				if (errno == EINTR)
772					continue;
773				warn("recvmsg");
774				continue;
775			}
776#ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
777			if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
778			    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
779			    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
780				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
781				memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
782				tv = &now;
783			}
784#endif
785			if (tv == NULL) {
786				(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
787				tv = &now;
788			}
789			pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
790			if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
791			    (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
792				break;
793		}
794		if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
795			if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
796				pinger();
797			else {
798				if (almost_done)
799					break;
800				almost_done = 1;
801				intvl.tv_usec = 0;
802				if (nreceived) {
803					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
804					if (!intvl.tv_sec)
805						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
806				} else
807					intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
808			}
809			(void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
810			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
811				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
812				if (options & F_MISSED)
813					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
814			}
815		}
816	}
817	finish();
818	/* NOTREACHED */
819	exit(0);	/* Make the compiler happy */
820}
821
822/*
823 * stopit --
824 *	Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
825 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
826 * to be called from a signal handler.
827 */
828void
829stopit(sig)
830	int sig __unused;
831{
832
833	/*
834	 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
835	 * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
836	 */
837	if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
838		_exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
839	finish_up = 1;
840}
841
842/*
843 * pinger --
844 *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
845 * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
846 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
847 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in
848 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
849 */
850static void
851pinger(void)
852{
853	struct timeval now;
854	struct ip *ip;
855	struct icmp *icp;
856	int cc, i;
857	u_char *packet;
858
859	packet = outpack;
860	icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
861	icp->icmp_type = icmp_type;
862	icp->icmp_code = 0;
863	icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
864	icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
865	icp->icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
866
867	CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
868
869	if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
870		(void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
871
872		if (options & F_TIME)
873			icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
874				* 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000);
875		if (timing)
876			bcopy((void *)&now,
877			    (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
878			    sizeof(struct timeval));
879	}
880
881	cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
882
883	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
884	icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
885
886	if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
887		cc += sizeof(struct ip);
888		ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr;
889		ip->ip_len = cc;
890		ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc);
891		packet = outpackhdr;
892	}
893	i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
894	    sizeof(whereto));
895
896	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
897		if (i < 0) {
898			if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
899				usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
900				return;
901			}
902			warn("sendto");
903		} else {
904			warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
905			     hostname, i, cc);
906		}
907	}
908	ntransmitted++;
909	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
910		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
911}
912
913/*
914 * pr_pack --
915 *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
916 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
917 * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
918 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
919 */
920static void
921pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
922	char *buf;
923	int cc;
924	struct sockaddr_in *from;
925	struct timeval *tv;
926{
927	struct in_addr ina;
928	u_char *cp, *dp;
929	struct icmp *icp;
930	struct ip *ip;
931	const void *tp;
932	double triptime;
933	int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq;
934	static int old_rrlen;
935	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
936
937	/* Check the IP header */
938	ip = (struct ip *)buf;
939	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
940	recv_len = cc;
941	if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
942		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
943			warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
944			     inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
945		return;
946	}
947
948	/* Now the ICMP part */
949	cc -= hlen;
950	icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
951	if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
952		if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
953			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
954		++nreceived;
955		triptime = 0.0;
956		if (timing) {
957			struct timeval tv1;
958#ifndef icmp_data
959			tp = &icp->icmp_ip;
960#else
961			tp = icp->icmp_data;
962#endif
963			tp += phdr_len;
964
965			if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) {
966				/* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
967				memcpy(&tv1, tp, sizeof(tv1));
968				tvsub(tv, &tv1);
969 				triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
970 				    ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
971				tsum += triptime;
972				tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
973				if (triptime < tmin)
974					tmin = triptime;
975				if (triptime > tmax)
976					tmax = triptime;
977			} else
978				timing = 0;
979		}
980
981		seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq);
982
983		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
984			++nrepeats;
985			--nreceived;
986			dupflag = 1;
987		} else {
988			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
989			dupflag = 0;
990		}
991
992		if (options & F_QUIET)
993			return;
994
995		if (options & F_FLOOD)
996			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
997		else {
998			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
999			   inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
1000			   seq);
1001			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
1002			if (timing)
1003				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1004			if (dupflag)
1005				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
1006			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1007				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1008			if (options & F_MASK) {
1009				/* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1010				(void)printf(" mask=%s",
1011					pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask)));
1012			}
1013			if (options & F_TIME) {
1014				(void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime));
1015				(void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime));
1016				(void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime));
1017			}
1018			if (recv_len != send_len) {
1019                        	(void)printf(
1020				     "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1021				     recv_len, send_len);
1022			}
1023			/* check the data */
1024			cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len];
1025			dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1026			cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1027			i = 0;
1028			if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1029				cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1030				dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1031				cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1032				i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1033			}
1034			for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1035				if (*cp != *dp) {
1036	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1037	    i, *dp, *cp);
1038					(void)printf("\ncp:");
1039					cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
1040					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1041						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1042							(void)printf("\n\t");
1043						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1044					}
1045					(void)printf("\ndp:");
1046					cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1047					for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1048						if ((i % 16) == 8)
1049							(void)printf("\n\t");
1050						(void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1051					}
1052					break;
1053				}
1054			}
1055		}
1056	} else {
1057		/*
1058		 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1059		 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1060		 * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1061		 * and ICMP type and ID.
1062		 *
1063		 * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1064		 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1065		 * available to those not running as root.
1066		 */
1067#ifndef icmp_data
1068		struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
1069#else
1070		struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
1071#endif
1072		struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
1073
1074		if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1075		    (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1076		     (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1077		     (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1078		     (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1079		     (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
1080		    (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
1081			pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1082		    pr_icmph(icp);
1083		} else
1084		    return;
1085	}
1086
1087	/* Display any IP options */
1088	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1089
1090	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1091		switch (*cp) {
1092		case IPOPT_EOL:
1093			hlen = 0;
1094			break;
1095		case IPOPT_LSRR:
1096		case IPOPT_SSRR:
1097			(void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1098			    "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1099			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1100			hlen -= 2;
1101			cp += 2;
1102			if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1103			    j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1104				for (;;) {
1105					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1106					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1107						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1108					else
1109						(void)printf("\t%s",
1110						     pr_addr(ina));
1111					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1112					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1113					j -= INADDR_LEN;
1114					if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1115						break;
1116					(void)putchar('\n');
1117				}
1118			} else
1119				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1120			break;
1121		case IPOPT_RR:
1122			j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];		/* get length */
1123			i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];		/* and pointer */
1124			hlen -= 2;
1125			cp += 2;
1126			if (i > j)
1127				i = j;
1128			i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1129			if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1130				old_rrlen = 0;
1131				continue;
1132			}
1133			if (i == old_rrlen
1134			    && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1135			    && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1136				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
1137				hlen -= i;
1138				cp += i;
1139				break;
1140			}
1141			old_rrlen = i;
1142			bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1143			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
1144			if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1145			    i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1146				for (;;) {
1147					bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1148					if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1149						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1150					else
1151						(void)printf("\t%s",
1152						     pr_addr(ina));
1153					hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1154					cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1155					i -= INADDR_LEN;
1156					if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1157						break;
1158					(void)putchar('\n');
1159				}
1160			} else
1161				(void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1162			break;
1163		case IPOPT_NOP:
1164			(void)printf("\nNOP");
1165			break;
1166		default:
1167			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1168			break;
1169		}
1170	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1171		(void)putchar('\n');
1172		(void)fflush(stdout);
1173	}
1174}
1175
1176/*
1177 * in_cksum --
1178 *	Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1179 */
1180u_short
1181in_cksum(addr, len)
1182	u_short *addr;
1183	int len;
1184{
1185	int nleft, sum;
1186	u_short *w;
1187	union {
1188		u_short	us;
1189		u_char	uc[2];
1190	} last;
1191	u_short answer;
1192
1193	nleft = len;
1194	sum = 0;
1195	w = addr;
1196
1197	/*
1198	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1199	 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1200	 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1201	 */
1202	while (nleft > 1)  {
1203		sum += *w++;
1204		nleft -= 2;
1205	}
1206
1207	/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1208	if (nleft == 1) {
1209		last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1210		last.uc[1] = 0;
1211		sum += last.us;
1212	}
1213
1214	/* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1215	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1216	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
1217	answer = ~sum;				/* truncate to 16 bits */
1218	return(answer);
1219}
1220
1221/*
1222 * tvsub --
1223 *	Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1224 * be >= in.
1225 */
1226static void
1227tvsub(out, in)
1228	struct timeval *out, *in;
1229{
1230
1231	if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1232		--out->tv_sec;
1233		out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1234	}
1235	out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1236}
1237
1238/*
1239 * status --
1240 *	Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1241 */
1242
1243static void
1244status(sig)
1245	int sig __unused;
1246{
1247
1248	siginfo_p = 1;
1249}
1250
1251static void
1252check_status()
1253{
1254
1255	if (siginfo_p) {
1256		siginfo_p = 0;
1257		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)",
1258		    nreceived, ntransmitted,
1259		    ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1260		if (nreceived && timing)
1261			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1262			    tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1263		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1264	}
1265}
1266
1267/*
1268 * finish --
1269 *	Print out statistics, and give up.
1270 */
1271static void
1272finish()
1273{
1274	struct termios ts;
1275
1276	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1277	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1278	(void)putchar('\n');
1279	(void)fflush(stdout);
1280	(void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1281	(void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1282	(void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1283	if (nrepeats)
1284		(void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1285	if (ntransmitted) {
1286		if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1287			(void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1288		else
1289			(void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1290			    (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1291			    ntransmitted));
1292	}
1293	(void)putchar('\n');
1294	if (nreceived && timing) {
1295		double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1296		double avg = tsum / n;
1297		double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1298		(void)printf(
1299		    "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1300		    tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1301	}
1302	if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
1303		ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO;
1304		tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
1305	}
1306
1307	if (nreceived)
1308		exit(0);
1309	else
1310		exit(2);
1311}
1312
1313#ifdef notdef
1314static char *ttab[] = {
1315	"Echo Reply",		/* ip + seq + udata */
1316	"Dest Unreachable",	/* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1317	"Source Quench",	/* IP */
1318	"Redirect",		/* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1319	"Echo",
1320	"Time Exceeded",	/* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1321	"Parameter Problem",	/* pointer + IP */
1322	"Timestamp",		/* id + seq + three timestamps */
1323	"Timestamp Reply",	/* " */
1324	"Info Request",		/* id + sq */
1325	"Info Reply"		/* " */
1326};
1327#endif
1328
1329/*
1330 * pr_icmph --
1331 *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1332 */
1333static void
1334pr_icmph(icp)
1335	struct icmp *icp;
1336{
1337
1338	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1339	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1340		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1341		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1342		break;
1343	case ICMP_UNREACH:
1344		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1345		case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1346			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1347			break;
1348		case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1349			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1350			break;
1351		case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1352			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1353			break;
1354		case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1355			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1356			break;
1357		case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1358			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1359					ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1360			break;
1361		case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1362			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1363			break;
1364		case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1365			(void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1366			break;
1367		default:
1368			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1369			    icp->icmp_code);
1370			break;
1371		}
1372		/* Print returned IP header information */
1373#ifndef icmp_data
1374		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1375#else
1376		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1377#endif
1378		break;
1379	case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1380		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1381#ifndef icmp_data
1382		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1383#else
1384		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1385#endif
1386		break;
1387	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1388		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1389		case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1390			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
1391			break;
1392		case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1393			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
1394			break;
1395		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1396			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1397			break;
1398		case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1399			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1400			break;
1401		default:
1402			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1403			break;
1404		}
1405		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1406#ifndef icmp_data
1407		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1408#else
1409		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1410#endif
1411		break;
1412	case ICMP_ECHO:
1413		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1414		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1415		break;
1416	case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1417		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1418		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1419			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1420			break;
1421		case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1422			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1423			break;
1424		default:
1425			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1426			    icp->icmp_code);
1427			break;
1428		}
1429#ifndef icmp_data
1430		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1431#else
1432		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1433#endif
1434		break;
1435	case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1436		(void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1437		    icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1438#ifndef icmp_data
1439		pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1440#else
1441		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1442#endif
1443		break;
1444	case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1445		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1446		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1447		break;
1448	case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1449		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1450		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1451		break;
1452	case ICMP_IREQ:
1453		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
1454		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1455		break;
1456	case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1457		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1458		/* XXX ID + Seq */
1459		break;
1460	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1461		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1462		break;
1463	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1464		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1465		break;
1466	case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1467		(void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1468		break;
1469	case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1470		(void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1471		break;
1472	default:
1473		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1474	}
1475}
1476
1477/*
1478 * pr_iph --
1479 *	Print an IP header with options.
1480 */
1481static void
1482pr_iph(ip)
1483	struct ip *ip;
1484{
1485	u_char *cp;
1486	int hlen;
1487
1488	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1489	cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;		/* point to options */
1490
1491	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1492	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1493	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1494	    ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1495	(void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1496	    (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1497	    (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1498	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1499							    ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1500	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1501	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1502	/* dump any option bytes */
1503	while (hlen-- > 20) {
1504		(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1505	}
1506	(void)putchar('\n');
1507}
1508
1509/*
1510 * pr_addr --
1511 *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1512 * a hostname.
1513 */
1514static char *
1515pr_addr(ina)
1516	struct in_addr ina;
1517{
1518	struct hostent *hp;
1519	static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1520
1521	if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1522	    !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1523		return inet_ntoa(ina);
1524	else
1525		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1526		    inet_ntoa(ina));
1527	return(buf);
1528}
1529
1530/*
1531 * pr_retip --
1532 *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1533 */
1534static void
1535pr_retip(ip)
1536	struct ip *ip;
1537{
1538	u_char *cp;
1539	int hlen;
1540
1541	pr_iph(ip);
1542	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1543	cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1544
1545	if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1546		(void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1547		    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1548	else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1549		(void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1550			(*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1551}
1552
1553static char *
1554pr_ntime (n_time timestamp)
1555{
1556	static char buf[10];
1557	int hour, min, sec;
1558
1559	sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1560	hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1561	min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1562	sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1563
1564	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1565
1566	return (buf);
1567}
1568
1569static void
1570fill(bp, patp)
1571	char *bp, *patp;
1572{
1573	char *cp;
1574	int pat[16];
1575	u_int ii, jj, kk;
1576
1577	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1578		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1579			errx(EX_USAGE,
1580			    "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1581
1582	}
1583	ii = sscanf(patp,
1584	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1585	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1586	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1587	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1588
1589	if (ii > 0)
1590		for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1591			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1592				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1593	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1594		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1595		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1596			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1597		(void)printf("\n");
1598	}
1599}
1600
1601#if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1602#define	SECOPT		" [-P policy]"
1603#else
1604#define	SECOPT		""
1605#endif
1606static void
1607usage()
1608{
1609
1610	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1611"usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]",
1612"            [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]",
1613"            [-t timeout] [-z tos] host",
1614"       ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1615"            [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1616"            [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group");
1617	exit(EX_USAGE);
1618}
1619