README revision 147078
1# Copyright (c) 1998-2004 Sendmail, Inc. and its suppliers. 2# All rights reserved. 3# Copyright (c) 1983, 1995-1997 Eric P. Allman. All rights reserved. 4# Copyright (c) 1988 5# The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6# 7# By using this file, you agree to the terms and conditions set 8# forth in the LICENSE file which can be found at the top level of 9# the sendmail distribution. 10# 11# 12# $Id: README,v 8.386 2005/03/04 23:24:08 ca Exp $ 13# 14 15This directory contains the source files for sendmail(TM). 16 17 ******************************************************************* 18 !! Read sendmail/SECURITY for important installation information !! 19 ******************************************************************* 20 21 ********************************************************** 22 ** Read below for more details on building sendmail. ** 23 ********************************************************** 24 25************************************************************************** 26** IMPORTANT: Read the appropriate paragraphs in the section on ** 27** ``Operating System and Compile Quirks''. ** 28************************************************************************** 29 30For detailed instructions, please read the document ../doc/op/op.me: 31 32 cd ../doc/op ; make op.ps op.txt 33 34Sendmail is a trademark of Sendmail, Inc. 35 36 37+-------------------+ 38| BUILDING SENDMAIL | 39+-------------------+ 40 41By far, the easiest way to compile sendmail is to use the "Build" 42script: 43 44 sh Build 45 46This uses the "uname" command to figure out what architecture you are 47on and creates a proper Makefile accordingly. It also creates a 48subdirectory per object format, so that multiarchitecture support is 49easy. In general this should be all you need. IRIX 6.x users should 50read the note below in the OPERATING SYSTEM AND COMPILE QUIRKS section. 51 52If you need to look at other include or library directories, use the 53-I or -L flags on the command line, e.g., 54 55 sh Build -I/usr/sww/include -L/usr/sww/lib 56 57It's also possible to create local site configuration in the file 58site.config.m4 (or another file settable with the -f flag). This 59file contains M4 definitions for various compilation values; the 60most useful are: 61 62confMAPDEF -D flags to specify database types to be included 63 (see below) 64confENVDEF -D flags to specify other environment information 65confINCDIRS -I flags for finding include files during compilation 66confLIBDIRS -L flags for finding libraries during linking 67confLIBS -l flags for selecting libraries during linking 68confLDOPTS other ld(1) linker options 69 70Others can be found by examining Makefile.m4. Please read 71../devtools/README for more information about the site.config.m4 72file. 73 74You can recompile from scratch using the -c flag with the Build 75command. This removes the existing compilation directory for the 76current platform and builds a new one. The -c flag must also 77be used if any site.*.m4 file in devtools/Site/ is changed. 78 79Porting to a new Unix-based system should be a matter of creating 80an appropriate configuration file in the devtools/OS/ directory. 81 82 83+----------------------+ 84| DATABASE DEFINITIONS | 85+----------------------+ 86 87There are several database formats that can be used for the alias files 88and for general maps. When used for alias files they interact in an 89attempt to be backward compatible. 90 91The options are: 92 93NEWDB The new Berkeley DB package. Some systems (e.g., BSD/OS and 94 Digital UNIX 4.0) have some version of this package 95 pre-installed. If your system does not have Berkeley DB 96 pre-installed, or the version installed is not version 2.0 97 or greater (e.g., is Berkeley DB 1.85 or 1.86), get the 98 current version from http://www.sleepycat.com/. DO NOT 99 use a version from any of the University of California, 100 Berkeley "Net" or other distributions. If you are still 101 running BSD/386 1.x, you will need to upgrade the included 102 Berkeley DB library to a current version. NEWDB is included 103 automatically if the Build script can find a library named 104 libdb.a or libdb.so. 105 See also OPERATING SYSTEM AND COMPILE QUIRKS about Berkeley 106 DB versions, e.g., DB 4.1.x. 107NDBM The older NDBM implementation -- the very old V7 DBM 108 implementation is no longer supported. 109NIS Network Information Services. To use this you must have 110 NIS support on your system. 111NISPLUS NIS+ (the revised NIS released with Solaris 2). You must 112 have NIS+ support on your system to use this flag. 113HESIOD Support for Hesiod (from the DEC/Athena distribution). You 114 must already have Hesiod support on your system for this to 115 work. You may be able to get this to work with the MIT/Athena 116 version of Hesiod, but that's likely to be a lot of work. 117 BIND 8.X also includes Hesiod support. 118LDAPMAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol support. You will 119 have to install the UMich or OpenLDAP 120 (http://www.openldap.org/) ldap and lber libraries to use 121 this flag. 122MAP_REGEX Regular Expression support. You will need to use an 123 operating system which comes with the POSIX regex() 124 routines or install a regexp library such as libregex from 125 the Free Software Foundation. 126DNSMAP DNS map support. Requires NAMED_BIND. 127PH_MAP PH map support. You will need the libphclient library from 128 the nph package (http://www-dev.cites.uiuc.edu/ph/nph/). 129MAP_NSD nsd map support (IRIX 6.5 and later). 130SOCKETMAP Support for a trivial query protocol over UNIX domain or TCP 131 sockets. 132 133>>> NOTE WELL for NEWDB support: If you want to get ndbm support, for 134>>> Berkeley DB versions under 2.0, it is CRITICAL that you remove 135>>> ndbm.o from libdb.a before you install it and DO NOT install ndbm.h; 136>>> for Berkeley DB versions 2.0 through 2.3.14, remove dbm.o from libdb.a 137>>> before you install it. If you don't delete these, there is absolutely 138>>> no point to including -DNDBM, since it will just get you another 139>>> (inferior) API to the same format database. These files OVERRIDE 140>>> calls to ndbm routines -- in particular, if you leave ndbm.h in, 141>>> you can find yourself using the new db package even if you don't 142>>> define NEWDB. Berkeley DB versions later than 2.3.14 do not need 143>>> to be modified. Please also consult the README in the top level 144>>> directory of the sendmail distribution for other important information. 145>>> 146>>> Further note: DO NOT remove your existing /usr/include/ndbm.h -- 147>>> you need that one. But do not install an updated ndbm.h in 148>>> /usr/include, /usr/local/include, or anywhere else. 149 150If NEWDB and NDBM are defined (but not NIS), then sendmail will read 151NDBM format alias files, but the next time a newaliases is run the 152format will be converted to NEWDB; that format will be used forever 153more. This is intended as a transition feature. 154 155If NEWDB, NDBM, and NIS are all defined and the name of the file includes 156the string "/yp/", sendmail will rebuild BOTH the NEWDB and NDBM format 157alias files. However, it will only read the NEWDB file; the NDBM format 158file is used only by the NIS subsystem. This is needed because the NIS 159maps on an NIS server are built directly from the NDBM files. 160 161If NDBM and NIS are defined (regardless of the definition of NEWDB), 162and the filename includes the string "/yp/", sendmail adds the special 163tokens "YP_LAST_MODIFIED" and "YP_MASTER_NAME", both of which are 164required if the NDBM file is to be used as an NIS map. 165 166All of these flags are normally defined in a confMAPDEF setting in your 167site.config.m4. 168 169If you define NEWDB or HESIOD you get the User Database (USERDB) 170automatically. Generally you do want to have NEWDB for it to do 171anything interesting. See above for getting the Berkeley DB 172package (i.e., NEWDB). There is no separate "user database" 173package -- don't bother searching for it on the net. 174 175Hesiod and LDAP require libraries that may not be installed with your 176system. These are outside of my ability to provide support. See the 177"Quirks" section for more information. 178 179The regex map can be used to see if an address matches a certain regular 180expression. For example, all-numerics local parts are common spam 181addresses, so "^[0-9]+$" would match this. By using such a map in a 182check_* rule-set, you can block a certain range of addresses that would 183otherwise be considered valid. 184 185The socket map uses a simple request/reply protocol over TCP or 186UNIX domain sockets to query an external server. Both requests and 187replies are text based and encoded as netstrings. The socket map 188uses the same syntax as milters the specify the remote endpoint, 189e.g.: 190 191Ksocket mySocketMap inet:12345@127.0.0.1 192 193See doc/op/op.me for details. 194 195+---------------+ 196| COMPILE FLAGS | 197+---------------+ 198 199Wherever possible, I try to make sendmail pull in the correct 200compilation options needed to compile on various environments based on 201automatically defined symbols. Some machines don't seem to have useful 202symbols available, requiring that a compilation flag be defined in 203the Makefile; see the devtools/OS subdirectory for the supported 204architectures. 205 206If you are a system to which sendmail has already been ported you 207should not have to touch the following symbols. But if you are porting, 208you may have to tweak the following compilation flags in conf.h in order 209to get it to compile and link properly: 210 211SYSTEM5 Adjust for System V (not necessarily Release 4). 212SYS5SIGNALS Use System V signal semantics -- the signal handler 213 is automatically dropped when the signal is caught. 214 If this is not set, use POSIX/BSD semantics, where the 215 signal handler stays in force until an exec or an 216 explicit delete. Implied by SYSTEM5. 217SYS5SETPGRP Use System V setpgrp() semantics. Implied by SYSTEM5. 218HASNICE Define this to zero if you lack the nice(2) system call. 219HASRRESVPORT Define this to zero if you lack the rresvport(3) system call. 220HASFCHMOD Define this to one if you have the fchmod(2) system call. 221 This improves security. 222HASFCHOWN Define this to one if you have the fchown(2) system call. 223 This is required for the TrustedUser option if sendmail 224 must rebuild an (alias) map. 225HASFLOCK Set this if you prefer to use the flock(2) system call 226 rather than using fcntl-based locking. Fcntl locking 227 has some semantic gotchas, but many vendor systems 228 also interface it to lockd(8) to do NFS-style locking. 229 Unfortunately, may vendors implementations of fcntl locking 230 is just plain broken (e.g., locks are never released, 231 causing your sendmail to deadlock; when the kernel runs 232 out of locks your system crashes). For this reason, I 233 recommend always defining this unless you are absolutely 234 certain that your fcntl locking implementation really works. 235HASUNAME Set if you have the "uname" system call. Implied by 236 SYSTEM5. 237HASUNSETENV Define this if your system library has the "unsetenv" 238 subroutine. 239HASSETSID Define this if you have the setsid(2) system call. This 240 is implied if your system appears to be POSIX compliant. 241HASINITGROUPS Define this if you have the initgroups(3) routine. 242HASSETVBUF Define this if you have the setvbuf(3) library call. 243 If you don't, setlinebuf will be used instead. This 244 defaults on if your compiler defines __STDC__. 245HASSETREUID Define this if you have setreuid(2) ***AND*** root can 246 use setreuid to change to an arbitrary user. This second 247 condition is not satisfied on AIX 3.x. You may find that 248 your system has setresuid(2), (for example, on HP-UX) in 249 which case you will also have to #define setreuid(r, e) 250 to be the appropriate call. Some systems (such as Solaris) 251 have a compatibility routine that doesn't work properly, 252 but may have "saved user ids" properly implemented so you 253 can ``#define setreuid(r, e) seteuid(e)'' and have it work. 254 The important thing is that you have a call that will set 255 the effective uid independently of the real or saved uid 256 and be able to set the effective uid back again when done. 257 There's a test program in ../test/t_setreuid.c that will 258 try things on your system. Setting this improves the 259 security, since sendmail doesn't have to read .forward 260 and :include: files as root. There are certain attacks 261 that may be unpreventable without this call. 262USESETEUID Define this to 1 if you have a seteuid(2) system call that 263 will allow root to set only the effective user id to an 264 arbitrary value ***AND*** you have saved user ids. This is 265 preferable to HASSETREUID if these conditions are fulfilled. 266 These are the semantics of the to-be-released revision of 267 Posix.1. The test program ../test/t_seteuid.c will try 268 this out on your system. If you define both HASSETREUID 269 and USESETEUID, the former is ignored. 270HASSETEGID Define this if you have setegid(2) and it can be 271 used to set the saved gid. Please run t_dropgid in 272 test/ if you are not sure whether the call works. 273HASSETREGID Define this if you have setregid(2) and it can be 274 used to set the saved gid. Please run t_dropgid in 275 test/ if you are not sure whether the call works. 276HASSETRESGID Define this if you have setresgid(2) and it can be 277 used to set the saved gid. Please run t_dropgid in 278 test/ if you are not sure whether the call works. 279HASLSTAT Define this if you have symbolic links (and thus the 280 lstat(2) system call). This improves security. Unlike 281 most other options, this one is on by default, so you 282 need to #undef it in conf.h if you don't have symbolic 283 links (these days everyone does). 284HASSETRLIMIT Define this to 1 if you have the setrlimit(2) syscall. 285 You can define it to 0 to force it off. It is assumed 286 if you are running a BSD-like system. 287HASULIMIT Define this if you have the ulimit(2) syscall (System V 288 style systems). HASSETRLIMIT overrides, as it is more 289 general. 290HASWAITPID Define this if you have the waitpid(2) syscall. 291HASGETDTABLESIZE 292 Define this if you have the getdtablesize(2) syscall. 293HAS_ST_GEN Define this to 1 if your system has the st_gen field in 294 the stat structure (see stat(2)). 295HASSRANDOMDEV Define this if your system has the srandomdev(3) function 296 call. 297HASURANDOMDEV Define this if your system has /dev/urandom(4). 298HASSTRERROR Define this if you have the libc strerror(3) function (which 299 should be declared in <errno.h>), and it should be used 300 instead of sys_errlist. 301HASCLOSEFROM Define this if your system has closefrom(3). 302HASFDWALK Define this if your system has fdwalk(3). 303SM_CONF_GETOPT Define this as 0 if you need a reimplementation of getopt(3). 304 On some systems, getopt does very odd things if called 305 to scan the arguments twice. This flag will ask sendmail 306 to compile in a local version of getopt that works 307 properly. You may also need this if you build with 308 another library that introduces a non-standard getopt(3). 309NEEDSTRTOL Define this if your standard C library does not define 310 strtol(3). This will compile in a local version. 311NEEDFSYNC Define this if your standard C library does not define 312 fsync(2). This will try to simulate the operation using 313 fcntl(2); if that is not available it does nothing, which 314 isn't great, but at least it compiles and runs. 315HASGETUSERSHELL Define this to 1 if you have getusershell(3) in your 316 standard C library. If this is not defined, or is defined 317 to be 0, sendmail will scan the /etc/shells file (no 318 NIS-style support, defaults to /bin/sh and /bin/csh if 319 that file does not exist) to get a list of unrestricted 320 user shells. This is used to determine whether users 321 are allowed to forward their mail to a program or a file. 322NEEDPUTENV Define this if your system needs am emulation of the 323 putenv(3) call. Define to 1 to implement it in terms 324 of setenv(3) or to 2 to do it in terms of primitives. 325NOFTRUNCATE Define this if you don't have the ftruncate(2) syscall. 326 If you don't have this system call, there is an unavoidable 327 race condition that occurs when creating alias databases. 328GIDSET_T The type of entries in a gidset passed as the second 329 argument to getgroups(2). Historically this has been an 330 int, so this is the default, but some systems (such as 331 IRIX) pass it as a gid_t, which is an unsigned short. 332 This will make a difference, so it is important to get 333 this right! However, it is only an issue if you have 334 group sets. 335SLEEP_T The type returned by the system sleep() function. 336 Defaults to "unsigned int". Don't worry about this 337 if you don't have compilation problems. 338ARBPTR_T The type of an arbitrary pointer -- defaults to "void *". 339 If you are an very old compiler you may need to define 340 this to be "char *". 341SOCKADDR_LEN_T The type used for the third parameter to accept(2), 342 getsockname(2), and getpeername(2), representing the 343 length of a struct sockaddr. Defaults to int. 344SOCKOPT_LEN_T The type used for the fifth parameter to getsockopt(2) 345 and setsockopt(2), representing the length of the option 346 buffer. Defaults to int. 347LA_TYPE The type of load average your kernel supports. These 348 can be one of: 349 LA_ZERO (1) -- it always returns the load average as 350 "zero" (and does so on all architectures). 351 LA_INT (2) to read /dev/kmem for the symbol avenrun and 352 interpret as a long integer. 353 LA_FLOAT (3) same, but interpret the result as a floating 354 point number. 355 LA_SHORT (6) to interpret as a short integer. 356 LA_SUBR (4) if you have the getloadavg(3) routine in your 357 system library. 358 LA_MACH (5) to use MACH-style load averages (calls 359 processor_set_info()), 360 LA_PROCSTR (7) to read /proc/loadavg and interpret it 361 as a string representing a floating-point 362 number (Linux-style). 363 LA_READKSYM (8) is an implementation suitable for some 364 versions of SVr4 that uses the MIOC_READKSYM ioctl 365 call to read /dev/kmem. 366 LA_DGUX (9) is a special implementation for DG/UX that uses 367 the dg_sys_info system call. 368 LA_HPUX (10) is an HP-UX specific version that uses the 369 pstat_getdynamic system call. 370 LA_IRIX6 (11) is an IRIX 6.x specific version that adapts 371 to 32 or 64 bit kernels; it is otherwise very similar 372 to LA_INT. 373 LA_KSTAT (12) uses the (Solaris-specific) kstat(3k) 374 implementation. 375 LA_DEVSHORT (13) reads a short from a system file (default: 376 /dev/table/avenrun) and scales it in the same manner 377 as LA_SHORT. 378 LA_LONGLONG (17) to read /dev/kmem for the symbol avenrun and 379 interpret as a long long integer (e.g., for 64 bit 380 systems). 381 LA_INT, LA_SHORT, LA_FLOAT, and LA_READKSYM have several 382 other parameters that they try to divine: the name of your 383 kernel, the name of the variable in the kernel to examine, 384 the number of bits of precision in a fixed point load average, 385 and so forth. LA_DEVSHORT uses _PATH_AVENRUN to find the 386 device to be read to find the load average. 387 In desperation, use LA_ZERO. The actual code is in 388 conf.c -- it can be tweaked if you are brave. 389FSHIFT For LA_INT, LA_SHORT, and LA_READKSYM, this is the number 390 of bits of load average after the binary point -- i.e., 391 the number of bits to shift right in order to scale the 392 integer to get the true integer load average. Defaults to 8. 393_PATH_UNIX The path to your kernel. Needed only for LA_INT, LA_SHORT, 394 and LA_FLOAT. Defaults to "/unix" on System V, "/vmunix" 395 everywhere else. 396LA_AVENRUN For LA_INT, LA_SHORT, and LA_FLOAT, the name of the kernel 397 variable that holds the load average. Defaults to "avenrun" 398 on System V, "_avenrun" everywhere else. 399SFS_TYPE Encodes how your kernel can locate the amount of free 400 space on a disk partition. This can be set to SFS_NONE 401 (0) if you have no way of getting this information, 402 SFS_USTAT (1) if you have the ustat(2) system call, 403 SFS_4ARGS (2) if you have a four-argument statfs(2) 404 system call (and the include file is <sys/statfs.h>), 405 SFS_VFS (3), SFS_MOUNT (4), SFS_STATFS (5) if you have 406 the two-argument statfs(2) system call with includes in 407 <sys/vfs.h>, <sys/mount.h>, or <sys/statfs.h> respectively, 408 or SFS_STATVFS (6) if you have the two-argument statvfs(2) 409 call. The default if nothing is defined is SFS_NONE. 410SFS_BAVAIL with SFS_4ARGS you can also set SFS_BAVAIL to the field name 411 in the statfs structure that holds the useful information; 412 this defaults to f_bavail. 413SPT_TYPE Encodes how your system can display what a process is doing 414 on a ps(1) command (SPT stands for Set Process Title). Can 415 be set to: 416 SPT_NONE (0) -- Don't try to set the process title at all. 417 SPT_REUSEARGV (1) -- Pad out your argv with the information; 418 this is the default if none specified. 419 SPT_BUILTIN (2) -- The system library has setproctitle. 420 SPT_PSTAT (3) -- Use the PSTAT_SETCMD option to pstat(2) 421 to set the process title; this is used by HP-UX. 422 SPT_PSSTRINGS (4) -- Use the magic PS_STRINGS pointer (4.4BSD). 423 SPT_SYSMIPS (5) -- Use sysmips() supported by NEWS-OS 6. 424 SPT_SCO (6) -- Write kernel u. area. 425 SPT_CHANGEARGV (7) -- Write pointers to our own strings into 426 the existing argv vector. 427SPT_PADCHAR Character used to pad the process title; if undefined, 428 the space character (0x20) is used. This is ignored if 429 SPT_TYPE != SPT_REUSEARGV 430ERRLIST_PREDEFINED 431 If set, assumes that some header file defines sys_errlist. 432 This may be needed if you get type conflicts on this 433 variable -- otherwise don't worry about it. 434WAITUNION The wait(2) routine takes a "union wait" argument instead 435 of an integer argument. This is for compatibility with 436 old versions of BSD. 437SCANF You can set this to extend the F command to accept a 438 scanf string -- this gives you a primitive parser for 439 class definitions -- BUT it can make you vulnerable to 440 core dumps if the target file is poorly formed. 441SYSLOG_BUFSIZE You can define this to be the size of the buffer that 442 syslog accepts. If it is not defined, it assumes a 443 1024-byte buffer. If the buffer is very small (under 444 256 bytes) the log message format changes -- each 445 e-mail message will log many more messages, since it 446 will log each piece of information as a separate line 447 in syslog. 448BROKEN_RES_SEARCH 449 On Ultrix (and maybe other systems?) if you use the 450 res_search routine with an unknown host name, it returns 451 -1 but sets h_errno to 0 instead of HOST_NOT_FOUND. If 452 you set this, sendmail considers 0 to be the same as 453 HOST_NOT_FOUND. 454NAMELISTMASK If defined, values returned by nlist(3) are masked 455 against this value before use -- a common value is 456 0x7fffffff to strip off the top bit. 457BSD4_4_SOCKADDR If defined, socket addresses have an sa_len field that 458 defines the length of this address. 459SAFENFSPATHCONF Set this to 1 if and only if you have verified that a 460 pathconf(2) call with _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED argument on an 461 NFS filesystem where the underlying system allows users to 462 give away files to other users returns <= 0. Be sure you 463 try both on NFS V2 and V3. Some systems assume that their 464 local policy apply to NFS servers -- this is a bad 465 assumption! The test/t_pathconf.c program will try this 466 for you -- you have to run it in a directory that is 467 mounted from a server that allows file giveaway. 468SIOCGIFCONF_IS_BROKEN 469 Set this if your system has an SIOCGIFCONF ioctl defined, 470 but it doesn't behave the same way as "most" systems (BSD, 471 Solaris, SunOS, HP-UX, etc.) 472SIOCGIFNUM_IS_BROKEN 473 Set this if your system has an SIOCGIFNUM ioctl defined, 474 but it doesn't behave the same way as "most" systems 475 (Solaris, HP-UX). 476FAST_PID_RECYCLE 477 Set this if your system can reuse the same PID in the same 478 second. 479SO_REUSEADDR_IS_BROKEN 480 Set this if your system has a setsockopt() SO_REUSEADDR 481 flag but doesn't pay attention to it when trying to bind a 482 socket to a recently closed port. 483NEEDSGETIPNODE Set this if your system supports IPv6 but doesn't include 484 the getipnodeby{name,addr}() functions. Set automatically 485 for Linux's glibc. 486PIPELINING Support SMTP PIPELINING (set by default). 487USING_NETSCAPE_LDAP 488 Deprecated in favor of SM_CONF_LDAP_MEMFREE. See 489 libsm/README. 490NEEDLINK Set this if your system doesn't have a link() call. It 491 will create a copy of the file instead of a hardlink. 492USE_ENVIRON Set this to 1 to access process environment variables from 493 the external variable environ instead of the third 494 parameter of main(). 495USE_DOUBLE_FORK By default this is on (1). Set it to 0 to suppress the 496 extra fork() used to avoid intermediate zombies. 497ALLOW_255 Do not convert (char)0xff to (char)0x7f in headers etc. 498 This can also be done at runtime with the command line 499 option -d82.101. 500NEEDINTERRNO Set this if <errno.h> does not declare errno, i.e., if an 501 application needs to use 502 extern int errno; 503USE_TTYPATH Set this to 1 to enable ErrorMode=write. 504USESYSCTL Use sysctl(3) to determine the number of CPUs in a system. 505 506 507+-----------------------+ 508| COMPILE-TIME FEATURES | 509+-----------------------+ 510 511There are a bunch of features that you can decide to compile in, such 512as selecting various database packages and special protocol support. 513Several are assumed based on other compilation flags -- if you want to 514"un-assume" something, you probably need to edit conf.h. Compilation 515flags that add support for special features include: 516 517NDBM Include support for "new" DBM library for aliases and maps. 518 Normally defined in the Makefile. 519NEWDB Include support for Berkeley DB package (hash & btree) 520 for aliases and maps. Normally defined in the Makefile. 521 If the version of NEWDB you have is the old one that does 522 not include the "fd" call (this call was added in version 523 1.5 of the Berkeley DB code), you must upgrade to the 524 current version of Berkeley DB. 525NIS Define this to get NIS (YP) support for aliases and maps. 526 Normally defined in the Makefile. 527NISPLUS Define this to get NIS+ support for aliases and maps. 528 Normally defined in the Makefile. 529HESIOD Define this to get Hesiod support for aliases and maps. 530 Normally defined in the Makefile. 531NETINFO Define this to get NeXT NetInfo support for aliases and maps. 532 Normally defined in the Makefile. 533LDAPMAP Define this to get LDAP support for maps. 534PH_MAP Define this to get PH support for maps. 535MAP_NSD Define this to get nsd support for maps. 536USERDB Define this to 1 to include support for the User Information 537 Database. Implied by NEWDB or HESIOD. You can use 538 -DUSERDB=0 to explicitly turn it off. 539IDENTPROTO Define this as 1 to get IDENT (RFC 1413) protocol support. 540 This is assumed unless you are running on Ultrix or 541 HP-UX, both of which have a problem in the UDP 542 implementation. You can define it to be 0 to explicitly 543 turn off IDENT protocol support. If defined off, the code 544 is actually still compiled in, but it defaults off; you 545 can turn it on by setting the IDENT timeout in the 546 configuration file. 547IP_SRCROUTE Define this to 1 to get IP source routing information 548 displayed in the Received: header. This is assumed on 549 most systems, but some (e.g., Ultrix) apparently have a 550 broken version of getsockopt that doesn't properly 551 support the IP_OPTIONS call. You probably want this if 552 your OS can cope with it. Symptoms of failure will be that 553 it won't compile properly (that is, no support for fetching 554 IP_OPTIONs), or it compiles but source-routed TCP connections 555 either refuse to open or open and hang for no apparent reason. 556 Ultrix and AIX3 are known to fail this way. 557LOG Set this to get syslog(3) support. Defined by default 558 in conf.h. You want this if at all possible. 559NETINET Set this to get TCP/IP support. Defined by default 560 in conf.h. You probably want this. 561NETINET6 Set this to get IPv6 support. Other configuration may 562 be needed in conf.h for your particular operating system. 563 Also, DaemonPortOptions must be set appropriately for 564 sendmail to accept IPv6 connections. 565NETISO Define this to get ISO networking support. 566NETUNIX Define this to get Unix domain networking support. Defined 567 by default. A few bizarre systems (SCO, ISC, Altos) don't 568 support this networking domain. 569NETNS Define this to get NS networking support. 570NETX25 Define this to get X.25 networking support. 571NAMED_BIND If non-zero, include DNS (name daemon) support, including 572 MX support. The specs say you must use this if you run 573 SMTP. You don't have to be running a name server daemon 574 on your machine to need this -- any use of the DNS resolver, 575 including remote access to another machine, requires this 576 option. Defined by default in conf.h. Define it to zero 577 ONLY on machines that do not use DNS in any way. 578MATCHGECOS Permit fuzzy matching of user names against the full 579 name (GECOS) field in the /etc/passwd file. This should 580 probably be on, since you can disable it from the config 581 file if you want to. Defined by default in conf.h. 582MIME8TO7 If non-zero, include 8 to 7 bit MIME conversions. This 583 also controls advertisement of 8BITMIME in the ESMTP 584 startup dialogue. 585MIME7TO8_OLD If 0 then use an algorithm for MIME 7-bit quoted-printable 586 or base64 encoding to 8-bit text that has been introduced 587 in 8.12.3. There are some examples where that code fails, 588 but the old code works. If you have an example of improper 589 7 to 8 bit conversion please send it to sendmail-bugs. 590MIME7TO8 If non-zero, include 7 to 8 bit MIME conversions. 591HES_GETMAILHOST Define this to 1 if you are using Hesiod with the 592 hes_getmailhost() routine. This is included with the MIT 593 Hesiod distribution, but not with the DEC Hesiod distribution. 594XDEBUG Do additional internal checking. These don't cost too 595 much; you might as well leave this on. 596TCPWRAPPERS Turns on support for the TCP wrappers library (-lwrap). 597 See below for further information. 598SECUREWARE Enable calls to the SecureWare luid enabling/changing routines. 599 SecureWare is a C2 security package added to several UNIX's 600 (notably ConvexOS) to get a C2 Secure system. This 601 option causes mail delivery to be done with the luid of the 602 recipient. 603SHARE_V1 Support for the fair share scheduler, version 1. Setting to 604 1 causes final delivery to be done using the recipients 605 resource limitations. So far as I know, this is only 606 supported on ConvexOS. 607SASL Enables SMTP AUTH (RFC 2554). This requires the Cyrus SASL 608 library (ftp://ftp.andrew.cmu.edu/pub/cyrus-mail/). Please 609 install at least version 1.5.13. See below for further 610 information: SASL COMPILATION AND CONFIGURATION. If your 611 SASL library is older than 1.5.10, you have to set this 612 to its version number using a simple conversion: a.b.c 613 -> c + b*100 + a*10000, e.g. for 1.5.9 define SASL=10509. 614 Note: Using an older version than 1.5.5 of Cyrus SASL is 615 not supported. Starting with version 1.5.10, setting SASL=1 616 is sufficient. Any value other than 1 (or 0) will be 617 compared with the actual version found and if there is a 618 mismatch, compilation will fail. 619EGD Define this if your system has EGD installed, see 620 http://egd.sourceforge.net/ . It should be used to 621 seed the PRNG for STARTTLS if HASURANDOMDEV is not defined. 622STARTTLS Enables SMTP STARTTLS (RFC 2487). This requires OpenSSL 623 (http://www.OpenSSL.org/); use OpenSSL 0.9.5a or later 624 (if compatible with this version), do not use 0.9.3. 625 See STARTTLS COMPILATION AND CONFIGURATION for further 626 information. 627TLS_NO_RSA Turn off support for RSA algorithms in STARTTLS. 628MILTER Turn on support for external filters using the Milter API; 629 this option is set by default, to turn it off use 630 APPENDDEF(`conf_sendmail_ENVDEF', `-DMILTER=0') 631 in devtools/Site/site.config.m4 (see devtools/README). 632 See libmilter/README for more information about milter. 633REQUIRES_DIR_FSYNC Turn on support for file systems that require to 634 call fsync() for a directory if the meta-data in it has 635 been changed. This should be turned on at least for older 636 versions of ReiserFS; it is enabled by default for Linux. 637 According to some information this flag is not needed 638 anymore for kernel 2.4.16 and newer. We would appreciate 639 feedback about the semantics of the various file systems 640 available for Linux. 641 An alternative to this compile time flag is to mount the 642 queue directory without the -async option, or using 643 chattr +S on Linux. 644DBMMODE The default file permissions to use when creating new 645 database files for maps and aliases. Defaults to 0640. 646 647Generic notice: If you enable a compile time option that needs 648libraries or include files that don't come with sendmail or are 649installed in a location that your C compiler doesn't use by default 650you should set confINCDIRS and confLIBDIRS as explained in the 651first section: BUILDING SENDMAIL. 652 653 654+---------------------+ 655| DNS/RESOLVER ISSUES | 656+---------------------+ 657 658Many systems have old versions of the resolver library. At a minimum, 659you should be running BIND 4.8.3; older versions may compile, but they 660have known bugs that should give you pause. 661 662Common problems in old versions include "undefined" errors for 663dn_skipname. 664 665Some people have had a problem with BIND 4.9; it uses some routines 666that it expects to be externally defined such as strerror(). It may 667help to link with "-l44bsd" to solve this problem. This has apparently 668been fixed in later versions of BIND, starting around 4.9.3. In other 669words, if you use 4.9.0 through 4.9.2, you need -l44bsd; for earlier or 670later versions, you do not. 671 672!PLEASE! be sure to link with the same version of the resolver as 673the header files you used -- some people have used the 4.9 headers 674and linked with BIND 4.8 or vice versa, and it doesn't work. 675Unfortunately, it doesn't fail in an obvious way -- things just 676subtly don't work. 677 678WILDCARD MX RECORDS ARE A BAD IDEA! The only situation in which they 679work reliably is if you have two versions of DNS, one in the real world 680which has a wildcard pointing to your firewall, and a completely 681different version of the database internally that does not include 682wildcard MX records that match your domain. ANYTHING ELSE WILL GIVE 683YOU HEADACHES! 684 685When attempting to canonify a hostname, some broken name servers will 686return SERVFAIL (a temporary failure) on T_AAAA (IPv6) lookups. If you 687want to excuse this behavior, include WorkAroundBrokenAAAA in 688ResolverOptions. However, instead, we recommend catching the problem and 689reporting it to the name server administrator so we can rid the world of 690broken name servers. 691 692 693+----------------------------------------+ 694| STARTTLS COMPILATION AND CONFIGURATION | 695+----------------------------------------+ 696 697Please read the documentation accompanying the OpenSSL library. You 698have to compile and install the OpenSSL libraries before you can compile 699sendmail. See devtools/README how to set the correct compile time 700parameters; you should at least set the following variables: 701 702APPENDDEF(`conf_sendmail_ENVDEF', `-DSTARTTLS') 703APPENDDEF(`conf_sendmail_LIBS', `-lssl -lcrypto') 704 705If you have installed the OpenSSL libraries and include files in 706a location that your C compiler doesn't use by default you should 707set confINCDIRS and confLIBDIRS as explained in the first section: 708BUILDING SENDMAIL. 709 710Configuration information can be found in doc/op/op.me (required 711certificates) and cf/README (how to tell sendmail about certificates). 712 713To perform an initial test, connect to your sendmail daemon 714(telnet localhost 25) and issue a EHLO localhost and see whether 715250-STARTTLS 716is in the response. If it isn't, run the daemon with 717-O LogLevel=14 718and try again. Then take a look at the logfile and see whether 719there are any problems listed about permissions (unsafe files) 720or the validity of X.509 certificates. 721 722From: Garrett Wollman <wollman@lcs.mit.edu> 723 724 If your certificate authority is hierarchical, and you only include 725 the top-level CA certificate in the CACertFile file, some mail clients 726 may be unable to infer the proper certificate chain when selecting a 727 client certificate. Including the bottom-level CA certificate(s) in 728 the CACertFile file will allow these clients to work properly. This 729 is not necessary if you are not using client certificates for 730 authentication, or if all your clients are running Sendmail or other 731 programs using the OpenSSL library (which get it right automatically). 732 In addition, some mail clients are totally incapable of using 733 certificate authentication -- even some of those which already support 734 SSL/TLS for confidentiality. 735 736Further information can be found via: 737http://www.sendmail.org/tips/ 738 739 740+------------------------------------+ 741| SASL COMPILATION AND CONFIGURATION | 742+------------------------------------+ 743 744Please read the documentation accompanying the Cyrus SASL library 745(INSTALL and README). If you use Berkeley DB for Cyrus SASL then 746you must compile sendmail with the same version of Berkeley DB. 747See devtools/README for how to set the correct compile time parameters; 748you should at least set the following variables: 749 750APPENDDEF(`conf_sendmail_ENVDEF', `-DSASL') 751APPENDDEF(`conf_sendmail_LIBS', `-lsasl') 752 753If you have installed the Cyrus SASL library and include files in 754a location that your C compiler doesn't use by default you should 755set confINCDIRS and confLIBDIRS as explained in the first section: 756BUILDING SENDMAIL. 757 758You have to select and install authentication mechanisms and tell 759sendmail where to find the sasl library and the include files (see 760devtools/README for the parameters to set). Set up the required 761users and passwords as explained in the SASL documentation. See 762also cf/README for authentication related options (especially 763DefaultAuthInfo if you want authentication between MTAs). 764 765To perform an initial test, connect to your sendmail daemon 766(telnet localhost 25) and issue a EHLO localhost and see whether 767250-AUTH .... 768is in the response. If it isn't, run the daemon with 769-O LogLevel=14 770and try again. Then take a look at the logfile and see whether 771there are any security related problems listed (unsafe files). 772 773Further information can be found via: 774http://www.sendmail.org/tips/ 775 776 777+-------------------------------------+ 778| OPERATING SYSTEM AND COMPILE QUIRKS | 779+-------------------------------------+ 780 781GCC problems 782 When compiling with "gcc -O -Wall" specify "-DSM_OMIT_BOGUS_WARNINGS" 783 too (see include/sm/cdefs.h for more info). 784 785 ***************************************************************** 786 ** IMPORTANT: DO NOT USE OPTIMIZATION (``-O'') IF YOU ARE ** 787 ** RUNNING GCC 2.4.x or 2.5.x. THERE IS A BUG IN THE GCC ** 788 ** OPTIMIZER THAT CAUSES SENDMAIL COMPILES TO FAIL MISERABLY. ** 789 ***************************************************************** 790 791 Jim Wilson of Cygnus believes he has found the problem -- it will 792 probably be fixed in GCC 2.5.6 -- but until this is verified, be 793 very suspicious of gcc -O. This problem is reported to have been 794 fixed in gcc 2.6. 795 796 A bug in gcc 2.5.5 caused problems compiling sendmail 8.6.5 with 797 optimization on a Sparc. If you are using gcc 2.5.5, youi should 798 upgrade to the latest version of gcc. 799 800 Apparently GCC 2.7.0 on the Pentium processor has optimization 801 problems. I recommend against using -O on that architecture. This 802 has been seen on FreeBSD 2.0.5 RELEASE. 803 804 Solaris 2.X users should use version 2.7.2.3 over 2.7.2. 805 806 We have been told there are problems with gcc 2.8.0. If you are 807 using this version, you should upgrade to 2.8.1 or later. 808 809Berkeley DB 810 Berkeley DB 4.1.x with x <= 24 does not work with sendmail. 811 You need at least 4.1.25. 812 813GDBM GDBM does not work with sendmail because the additional 814 security checks and file locking cause problems. Unfortunately, 815 gdbm does not provide a compile flag in its version of ndbm.h so 816 the code can adapt. Until the GDBM authors can fix these problems, 817 GDBM will not be supported. Please use Berkeley DB instead. 818 819Configuration file location 820 Up to 8.6, sendmail tried to find the sendmail.cf file in the same 821 place as the vendors had put it, even when this was obviously 822 stupid. As of 8.7, sendmail ALWAYS looks for /etc/sendmail.cf. 823 Beginning with 8.10, sendmail uses /etc/mail/sendmail.cf. 824 You can get sendmail to use the stupid vendor .cf location by 825 adding -DUSE_VENDOR_CF_PATH during compilation, but this may break 826 support programs and scripts that need to find sendmail.cf. You 827 are STRONGLY urged to use symbolic links if you want to use the 828 vendor location rather than changing the location in the sendmail 829 binary. 830 831 NETINFO systems use NETINFO to determine the location of 832 sendmail.cf. The full path to sendmail.cf is stored as the value of 833 the "sendmail.cf" property in the "/locations/sendmail" 834 subdirectory of NETINFO. Set the value of this property to 835 "/etc/mail/sendmail.cf" (without the quotes) to use this new 836 default location for Sendmail 8.10.0 and higher. 837 838ControlSocket permissions 839 Paraphrased from BIND 8.2.1's README: 840 841 Solaris and other pre-4.4BSD kernels do not respect ownership or 842 protections on UNIX-domain sockets. The short term fix for this is to 843 override the default path and put such control sockets into root- 844 owned directories which do not permit non-root to r/w/x through them. 845 The long term fix is for all kernels to upgrade to 4.4BSD semantics. 846 847HP MPE/iX 848 The MPE-specific code within sendmail emulates a set-user-id root 849 environment for the sendmail binary. But there is no root uid 0 on 850 MPE, nor is there any support for set-user-id programs. Even when 851 sendmail thinks it is running as uid 0, it will still have the file 852 access rights of the underlying non-zero uid, but because sendmail is 853 an MPE priv-mode program it will still be able to call setuid() to 854 successfully switch to a new uid. 855 856 MPE setgid() semantics don't quite work the way sendmail expects, so 857 special emulation is done here also. 858 859 This uid/gid emulation is enabled via the setuid/setgid file mode bits 860 which are not currently used by MPE. Code in libsm/mpeix.c examines 861 these bits and enables emulation if they have been set, i.e., 862 chmod u+s,g+s /SENDMAIL/CURRENT/SENDMAIL. 863 864SunOS 4.x (Solaris 1.x) 865 You may have to use -lresolv on SunOS. However, beware that 866 this links in a new version of gethostbyname that does not 867 understand NIS, so you must have all of your hosts in DNS. 868 869 Some people have reported problems with the SunOS version of 870 -lresolv and/or in.named, and suggest that you get a newer 871 version. The symptoms are delays when you connect to the 872 SMTP server on a SunOS machine or having your domain added to 873 addresses inappropriately. There is a version of BIND 874 version 4.9 on gatekeeper.DEC.COM in pub/BSD/bind/4.9. 875 876 There is substantial disagreement about whether you can make 877 this work with resolv+, which allows you to specify a search-path 878 of services. Some people report that it works fine, others 879 claim it doesn't work at all (including causing sendmail to 880 drop core when it tries to do multiple resolv+ lookups for a 881 single job). I haven't tried resolv+, as we use DNS exclusively. 882 883 Should you want to try resolv+, it is on ftp.uu.net in 884 /networking/ip/dns. 885 886 Apparently getservbyname() can fail under moderate to high 887 load under some circumstances. This will exhibit itself as 888 the message ``554 makeconnection: service "smtp" unknown''. 889 The problem has been traced to one or more blank lines in 890 /etc/services on the NIS server machine. Delete these 891 and it should work. This info is thanks to Brian Bartholomew 892 <bb@math.ufl.edu> of I-Kinetics, Inc. 893 894 NOTE: The SunOS 4.X linker uses library paths specified during 895 compilation using -L for run-time shared library searches. 896 Therefore, it is vital that relative and unsafe directory paths not 897 be used when compiling sendmail. 898 899SunOS 4.0.2 (Sun 386i) 900 Date: Fri, 25 Aug 1995 11:13:58 +0200 (MET DST) 901 From: teus@oce.nl 902 903 Sendmail 8.7.Beta.12 compiles and runs nearly out of the box with the 904 following changes: 905 * Don't use /usr/5bin in your PATH, but make /usr/5bin/uname 906 available as "uname" command. 907 * Use the defines "-DBSD4_3 -DNAMED_BIND=0" in 908 devtools/OS/SunOS.4.0, which is selected via the "uname" command. 909 I recommend to make available the db-library on the system first 910 (and change the Makefile to use this library). 911 Note that the sendmail.cf and aliases files are found in /etc. 912 913SunOS 4.1.3, 4.1.3_U1 914 Sendmail causes crashes on SunOS 4.1.3 and 4.1.3_U1. According 915 to Sun bug number 1077939: 916 917 If an application does a getsockopt() on a SOCK_STREAM (TCP) socket 918 after the other side of the connection has sent a TCP RESET for 919 the stream, the kernel gets a Bus Trap in the tcp_ctloutput() or 920 ip_ctloutput() routine. 921 922 For 4.1.3, this is fixed in patch 100584-08, available on the 923 Sunsolve 2.7.1 or later CDs. For 4.1.3_U1, this was fixed in patch 924 101790-01 (SunOS 4.1.3_U1: TCP socket and reset problems), later 925 obsoleted by patch 102010-05. 926 927 Sun patch 100584-08 is not currently publicly available on their 928 ftp site but a user has reported it can be found at other sites 929 using a web search engine. 930 931Solaris 2.x (SunOS 5.x) 932 To compile for Solaris, the Makefile built by Build must 933 include a SOLARIS definition which reflects the Solaris version 934 (i.e. -DSOLARIS=20400 for 2.4 or -DSOLARIS=20501 for 2.5.1). 935 If you are using gcc, make sure -I/usr/include is not used (or 936 it might complain about TopFrame). If you are using Sun's cc, 937 make sure /opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc is used instead of /usr/ucb/cc 938 (or it might complain about tm_zone). 939 940 The Solaris 2.x (x <= 3) "syslog" function is apparently limited 941 to something about 90 characters because of a kernel limitation. 942 If you have source code, you can probably up this number. You 943 can get patches that fix this problem: the patch ids are: 944 945 Solaris 2.1 100834 946 Solaris 2.2 100999 947 Solaris 2.3 101318 948 949 Be sure you have the appropriate patch installed or you won't 950 see system logging. 951 952Solaris 2.4 (SunOS 5.4) 953 If you include /usr/lib at the end of your LD_LIBRARY_PATH you run 954 the risk of getting the wrong libraries under some circumstances. 955 This is because of a new feature in Solaris 2.4, described by 956 Rod.Evans@Eng.Sun.COM: 957 958 >> Prior to SunOS 5.4, any LD_LIBRARY_PATH setting was ignored by the 959 >> runtime linker if the application was setxid (secure), thus your 960 >> applications search path would be: 961 >> 962 >> /usr/local/lib LD_LIBRARY_PATH component - IGNORED 963 >> /usr/lib LD_LIBRARY_PATH component - IGNORED 964 >> /usr/local/lib RPATH - honored 965 >> /usr/lib RPATH - honored 966 >> 967 >> the effect is that path 3 would be the first used, and this would 968 >> satisfy your resolv.so lookup. 969 >> 970 >> In SunOS 5.4 we made the LD_LIBRARY_PATH a little more flexible. 971 >> People who developed setxid applications wanted to be able to alter 972 >> the library search path to some degree to allow for their own 973 >> testing and debugging mechanisms. It was decided that the only 974 >> secure way to do this was to allow a `trusted' path to be used in 975 >> LD_LIBRARY_PATH. The only trusted directory we presently define 976 >> is /usr/lib. Thus a set-user-ID root developer could play with some 977 >> alternative shared object implementations and place them in 978 >> /usr/lib (being root we assume they'ed have access to write in this 979 >> directory). This change was made as part of 1155380 - after a 980 >> *huge* amount of discussion regarding the security aspect of things. 981 >> 982 >> So, in SunOS 5.4 your applications search path would be: 983 >> 984 >> /usr/local/lib from LD_LIBRARY_PATH - IGNORED (untrustworthy) 985 >> /usr/lib from LD_LIBRARY_PATH - honored (trustworthy) 986 >> /usr/local/lib from RPATH - honored 987 >> /usr/lib from RPATH - honored 988 >> 989 >> here, path 2 would be the first used. 990 991Solaris 2.5.1 (SunOS 5.5.1) and 2.6 (SunOS 5.6) 992 Apparently Solaris 2.5.1 patch 103663-01 installs a new 993 /usr/include/resolv.h file that defines the __P macro without 994 checking to see if it is already defined. This new resolv.h is also 995 included in the Solaris 2.6 distribution. This causes compile 996 warnings such as: 997 998 In file included from daemon.c:51: 999 /usr/include/resolv.h:208: warning: `__P' redefined 1000 cdefs.h:58: warning: this is the location of the previous definition 1001 1002 These warnings can be safely ignored or you can create a resolv.h 1003 file in the obj.SunOS.5.5.1.* or obj.SunOS.5.6.* directory that reads: 1004 1005 #undef __P 1006 #include "/usr/include/resolv.h" 1007 1008 This problem was fixed in Solaris 7 (Sun bug ID 4081053). 1009 1010Solaris 7 (SunOS 5.7) 1011 Solaris 7 includes LDAP libraries but the implementation was 1012 lacking a few things. The following settings can be placed in 1013 devtools/Site/site.SunOS.5.7.m4 if you plan on using those 1014 libraries. 1015 1016 APPENDDEF(`confMAPDEF', `-DLDAPMAP') 1017 APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF', `-DLDAP_VERSION_MAX=3') 1018 APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lldap') 1019 1020 Also, Sun's patch 107555 is needed to prevent a crash in the call 1021 to ldap_set_option for LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS in ldapmap_setopts if 1022 LDAP support is compiled in sendmail. 1023 1024Solaris 8 and later (SunOS 5.8 and later) 1025 Solaris 8 and later can optionally install LDAP support. If you 1026 have installed the Entire Distribution meta-cluster, you can use 1027 the following in devtools/Site/site.SunOS.5.8.m4 (or other 1028 appropriately versioned file) to enable LDAP: 1029 1030 APPENDDEF(`confMAPDEF', `-DLDAPMAP') 1031 APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lldap') 1032 1033Solaris 9 and later (SunOS 5.9 and later) 1034 Solaris 9 and later have a revised LDAP library, libldap.so.5, 1035 which is derived from a Netscape implementation, thus requiring 1036 that SM_CONF_LDAP_MEMFREE be defined in conjunction with LDAPMAP: 1037 1038 APPENDDEF(`confMAPDEF', `-DLDAPMAP') 1039 APPENDDEF(`confENVDEF', `-DSM_CONF_LDAP_MEMFREE') 1040 APPENDDEF(`confLIBS', `-lldap') 1041 1042Solaris 1043 If you are using dns for hostname resolution on Solaris, make sure 1044 that the 'dns' entry is last on the hosts line in 1045 '/etc/nsswitch.conf'. For example, use: 1046 1047 hosts: nisplus files dns 1048 1049 Do not use: 1050 1051 hosts: nisplus dns [NOTFOUND=return] files 1052 1053 Note that 'nisplus' above is an illustration. The same comment 1054 applies no matter what naming services you are using. If you have 1055 anything other than dns last, even after "[NOTFOUND=return]", 1056 sendmail may not be able to determine whether an error was 1057 temporary or permanent. The error returned by the solaris 1058 gethostbyname() is the error for the last lookup used, and other 1059 naming services do not have the same concept of temporary failure. 1060 1061Ultrix 1062 By default, the IDENT protocol is turned off on Ultrix. If you 1063 are running Ultrix 4.4 or later, or if you have included patch 1064 CXO-8919 for Ultrix 4.2 or 4.3 to fix the TCP problem, you can turn 1065 IDENT on in the configuration file by setting the "ident" timeout. 1066 1067 The Ultrix 4.5 Y2K patch (ULTV45-022-1) has changed the resolver 1068 included in libc.a. Unfortunately, the __RES symbol hasn't changed 1069 and therefore, sendmail can no longer automatically detect the 1070 newer version. If you get a compiler error: 1071 1072 /lib/libc.a(gethostent.o): local_hostname_length: multiply defined 1073 1074 Then rebuild with this in devtools/Site/site.ULTRIX.m4: 1075 1076 APPENDDEF(`conf_sendmail_ENVDEF', `-DNEEDLOCAL_HOSTNAME_LENGTH=0') 1077 1078Digital UNIX (formerly DEC OSF/1) 1079 If you are compiling on OSF/1 (DEC Alpha), you must use 1080 -L/usr/shlib (otherwise it core dumps on startup). You may also 1081 need -mld to get the nlist() function, although some versions 1082 apparently don't need this. 1083 1084 Also, the enclosed makefile removed /usr/sbin/smtpd; if you need 1085 it, just create the link to the sendmail binary. 1086 1087 On DEC OSF/1 3.2 or earlier, the MatchGECOS option doesn't work 1088 properly due to a bug in the getpw* routines. If you want to use 1089 this, use -DDEC_OSF_BROKEN_GETPWENT=1. The problem is fixed in 3.2C. 1090 1091 Digital's mail delivery agent, /bin/mail (aka /bin/binmail), will 1092 only preserve the envelope sender in the "From " header if 1093 DefaultUserID is set to daemon. Setting this to mailnull will 1094 cause all mail to have the header "From mailnull ...". To use 1095 a different DefaultUserID, you will need to use a different mail 1096 delivery agent (such as mail.local found in the sendmail 1097 distribution). 1098 1099 On Digital UNIX 4.0 and later, Berkeley DB 1.85 is included with the 1100 operating system and already has the ndbm.o module removed. However, 1101 Digital has modified the original Berkeley DB db.h include file. 1102 This results in the following warning while compiling map.c and udb.c: 1103 1104 cc: Warning: /usr/include/db.h, line 74: The redefinition of the macro 1105 "__signed" conflicts with a current definition because the replacement 1106 lists differ. The redefinition is now in effect. 1107 #define __signed signed 1108 ------------------------^ 1109 1110 This warning can be ignored. 1111 1112 Digital UNIX's linker checks /usr/ccs/lib/ before /usr/lib/. 1113 If you have installed a new version of BIND in /usr/include 1114 and /usr/lib, you will experience difficulties as Digital ships 1115 libresolv.a in /usr/ccs/lib/ as well. Be sure to replace both 1116 copies of libresolv.a. 1117 1118IRIX 1119 The header files on SGI IRIX are completely prototyped, and as 1120 a result you can sometimes get some warning messages during 1121 compilation. These can be ignored. There are two errors in 1122 deliver only if you are using gcc, both of the form ``warning: 1123 passing arg N of `execve' from incompatible pointer type''. 1124 Also, if you compile with -DNIS, you will get a complaint 1125 about a declaration of struct dom_binding in a prototype 1126 when compiling map.c; this is not important because the 1127 function being prototyped is not used in that file. 1128 1129 In order to compile sendmail you will have had to install 1130 the developers' option in order to get the necessary include 1131 files. 1132 1133 If you compile with -lmalloc (the fast memory allocator), you may 1134 get warning messages such as the following: 1135 1136 ld32: WARNING 85: definition of _calloc in /usr/lib32/libmalloc.so 1137 preempts that definition in /usr/lib32/mips3/libc.so. 1138 ld32: WARNING 85: definition of _malloc in /usr/lib32/libmalloc.so 1139 preempts that definition in /usr/lib32/mips3/libc.so. 1140 ld32: WARNING 85: definition of _realloc in /usr/lib32/libmalloc.so 1141 preempts that definition in /usr/lib32/mips3/libc.so. 1142 ld32: WARNING 85: definition of _free in /usr/lib32/libmalloc.so 1143 preempts that definition in /usr/lib32/mips3/libc.so. 1144 ld32: WARNING 85: definition of _cfree in /usr/lib32/libmalloc.so 1145 preempts that definition in /usr/lib32/mips3/libc.so. 1146 1147 These are unavoidable and innocuous -- just ignore them. 1148 1149 According to Dave Sill <de5@ornl.gov>, there is a version of the 1150 Berkeley DB library patched to run on Irix 6.2 available from 1151 http://reality.sgi.com/ariel/freeware/#db . 1152 1153IRIX 6.x 1154 If you are using XFS filesystem, avoid using the -32 ABI switch to 1155 the cc compiler if possible. 1156 1157 Broken inet_aton and inet_ntoa on IRIX using gcc: There's 1158 a problem with gcc on IRIX, i.e., gcc can't pass structs 1159 less than 16 bits long unless they are 8 bits; IRIX 6.2 has 1160 some other sized structs. See 1161 http://www.bitmechanic.com/mail-archives/mysql/current/0418.html 1162 This problem seems to be fixed by gcc v2.95.2, gcc v2.8.1 1163 is reported as broken. Check your gcc version for this bug 1164 before installing sendmail. 1165 1166IRIX 6.4 1167 The IRIX 6.5.4 version of /bin/m4 does not work properly with 1168 sendmail. Either install fw_m4.sw.m4 off the Freeware_May99 CD and 1169 use /usr/freeware/bin/m4 or install and use GNU m4. 1170 1171NeXT or NEXTSTEP 1172 NEXTSTEP 3.3 and earlier ship with the old DBM library. Also, 1173 Berkeley DB does not currently run on NEXTSTEP. 1174 1175 If you are compiling on NEXTSTEP, you will have to create an 1176 empty file "unistd.h" and create a file "dirent.h" containing: 1177 1178 #include <sys/dir.h> 1179 #define dirent direct 1180 1181 (devtools/OS/NeXT should try to do both of these for you.) 1182 1183 Apparently, there is a bug in getservbyname on Nextstep 3.0 1184 that causes it to fail under some circumstances with the 1185 message "SYSERR: service "smtp" unknown" logged. You should 1186 be able to work around this by including the line: 1187 1188 OOPort=25 1189 1190 in your .cf file. 1191 1192BSDI (BSD/386) 1.0, NetBSD 0.9, FreeBSD 1.0 1193 The "m4" from BSDI won't handle the config files properly. 1194 I haven't had a chance to test this myself. 1195 1196 The M4 shipped in FreeBSD and NetBSD 0.9 don't handle the config 1197 files properly. One must use either GNU m4 1.1 or the PD-M4 1198 recently posted in comp.os.386bsd.bugs (and maybe others). 1199 NetBSD-current includes the PD-M4 (as stated in the NetBSD file 1200 CHANGES). 1201 1202 FreeBSD 1.0 RELEASE has uname(2) now. Use -DUSEUNAME in order to 1203 use it (look into devtools/OS/FreeBSD). NetBSD-current may have 1204 it too but it has not been verified. 1205 1206 The latest version of Berkeley DB uses a different naming 1207 scheme than the version that is supplied with your release. This 1208 means you will be able to use the current version of Berkeley DB 1209 with sendmail as long you use the new db.h when compiling 1210 sendmail and link it against the new libdb.a or libdb.so. You 1211 should probably keep the original db.h in /usr/include and the 1212 new db.h in /usr/local/include. 1213 12144.3BSD 1215 If you are running a "virgin" version of 4.3BSD, you'll have 1216 a very old resolver and be missing some header files. The 1217 header files are simple -- create empty versions and everything 1218 will work fine. For the resolver you should really port a new 1219 version (4.8.3 or later) of the resolver; 4.9 is available on 1220 gatekeeper.DEC.COM in pub/BSD/bind/4.9. If you are really 1221 determined to continue to use your old, buggy version (or as 1222 a shortcut to get sendmail working -- I'm sure you have the 1223 best intentions to port a modern version of BIND), you can 1224 copy ../contrib/oldbind.compat.c into sendmail and add the 1225 following to devtools/Site/site.config.m4: 1226 1227 APPENDDEF(`confOBJADD', `oldbind.compat.o') 1228 1229OpenBSD (up to 2.9 Release), NetBSD, FreeBSD (up to 4.3-RELEASE) 1230 m4 from *BSD won't handle libsm/Makefile.m4 properly, since the 1231 maximum length for strings is too short. You need to use GNU m4 1232 or patch m4, see for example: 1233 http://FreeBSD.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/usr.bin/m4/eval.c.diff?r1=1.11&r2=1.12 1234 1235A/UX 1236 Date: Tue, 12 Oct 1993 18:28:28 -0400 (EDT) 1237 From: "Eric C. Hagberg" <hagberg@med.cornell.edu> 1238 Subject: Fix for A/UX ndbm 1239 1240 I guess this isn't really a sendmail bug, however, it is something 1241 that A/UX users should be aware of when compiling sendmail 8.6. 1242 1243 Apparently, the calls that sendmail is using to the ndbm routines 1244 in A/UX 3.0.x contain calls to "broken" routines, in that the 1245 aliases database will break when it gets "just a little big" 1246 (sorry I don't have exact numbers here, but it broke somewhere 1247 around 20-25 aliases for me.), making all aliases non-functional 1248 after exceeding this point. 1249 1250 What I did was to get the gnu-dbm-1.6 package, compile it, and 1251 then re-compile sendmail with "-lgdbm", "-DNDBM", and using the 1252 ndbm.h header file that comes with the gnu-package. This makes 1253 things behave properly. 1254 [NOTE: see comment above about GDBM] 1255 1256 I suppose porting the New Berkeley DB package is another route, 1257 however, I made a quick attempt at it, and found it difficult 1258 (not easy at least); the gnu-dbm package "configured" and 1259 compiled easily. 1260 1261 [NOTE: Berkeley DB version 2.X runs on A/UX and can be used for 1262 database maps.] 1263 1264SCO Unix 1265 From: Thomas Essebier <tom@stallion.oz.au> 1266 Organisation: Stallion Technologies Pty Ltd. 1267 1268 It will probably help those who are trying to configure sendmail 8.6.9 1269 to know that if they are on SCO, they had better set 1270 OI-dnsrch 1271 or they will core dump as soon as they try to use the resolver. 1272 i.e., although SCO has _res.dnsrch defined, and is kinda BIND 4.8.3, 1273 it does not inititialise it, nor does it understand 'search' in 1274 /etc/named.boot. 1275 - sigh - 1276 1277 According to SCO, the m4 which ships with UnixWare 2.1.2 is broken. 1278 We recommend installing GNU m4 before attempting to build sendmail. 1279 1280 On some versions a bogus error value is listed if connections 1281 time out (large negative number). To avoid this explicitly set 1282 Timeout.connect to a reasonable value (several minutes). 1283 1284DG/UX 1285 Doug Anderson <dlander@afterlife.ncsc.mil> has successfully run 1286 V8 on the DG/UX 5.4.2 and 5.4R3.x platforms under heavy usage. 1287 Originally, the DG /bin/mail program wasn't compatible with 1288 the V8 sendmail, since the DG /bin/mail requires the environment 1289 variable "_FORCE_MAIL_LOCAL_=yes" be set. Version 8.7 now includes 1290 this in the environment before invoking the local mailer. Some 1291 have used procmail to avoid this problem in the past. It works 1292 but some have experienced file locking problems with their DG/UX 1293 ports of procmail. 1294 1295Apollo DomainOS 1296 If you are compiling on Apollo, you will have to create an empty 1297 file "unistd.h" (for DomainOS 10.3 and earlier) and create a file 1298 "dirent.h" containing: 1299 1300 #include <sys/dir.h> 1301 #define dirent direct 1302 1303 (devtools/OS/DomainOS will attempt to do both of these for you.) 1304 1305HP-UX 8.00 1306 Date: Mon, 24 Jan 1994 13:25:45 +0200 1307 From: Kimmo Suominen <Kimmo.Suominen@lut.fi> 1308 Subject: 8.6.5 w/ HP-UX 8.00 on s300 1309 1310 Just compiled and fought with sendmail 8.6.5 on a HP9000/360 (i.e., 1311 a series 300 machine) running HP-UX 8.00. 1312 1313 I was getting segmentation fault when delivering to a local user. 1314 With debugging I saw it was faulting when doing _free@libc... *sigh* 1315 It seems the new implementation of malloc on s300 is buggy as of 8.0, 1316 so I tried out the one in -lmalloc (malloc(3X)). With that it seems 1317 to work just dandy. 1318 1319 When linking, you will get the following error: 1320 1321 ld: multiply defined symbol _freespace in file /usr/lib/libmalloc.a 1322 1323 but you can just ignore it. You might want to add this info to the 1324 README file for the future... 1325 1326Linux 1327 Something broke between versions 0.99.13 and 0.99.14 of Linux: the 1328 flock() system call gives errors. If you are running .14, you must 1329 not use flock. You can do this with -DHASFLOCK=0. We have also 1330 been getting complaints since version 2.4.X was released. 1331 sendmail 8.13 has changed the default locking method to fcntl() 1332 for Linux kernel version 2.4 and later. Be sure to update other 1333 sendmail related programs to match locking techniques (some 1334 examples, besides makemap and mail.local, include procmail, mailx, 1335 mutt, elm, etc). 1336 1337 Around the inclusion of bind-4.9.3 & Linux libc-4.6.20, the 1338 initialization of the _res structure changed. If /etc/hosts.conf 1339 was configured as "hosts, bind" the resolver code could return 1340 "Name server failure" errors. This is supposedly fixed in 1341 later versions of libc (>= 4.6.29?), and later versions of 1342 sendmail (> 8.6.10) try to work around the problem. 1343 1344 Some older versions (< 4.6.20?) of the libc/include files conflict 1345 with sendmail's version of cdefs.h. Deleting sendmail's version 1346 on those systems should be non-harmful, and new versions don't care. 1347 1348 NOTE ON LINUX & BIND: By default, the Makefile generated for Linux 1349 includes header files in /usr/local/include and libraries in 1350 /usr/local/lib. If you've installed BIND on your system, the header 1351 files typically end up in the search path and you need to add 1352 "-lresolv" to the LIBS line in your Makefile. Really old versions 1353 may need to include "-l44bsd" as well (particularly if the link phase 1354 complains about missing strcasecmp, strncasecmp or strpbrk). 1355 Complaints about an undefined reference to `__dn_skipname' in 1356 domain.o are a sure sign that you need to add -lresolv to LIBS. 1357 Newer versions of Linux are basically threaded BIND, so you may or 1358 may not see complaints if you accidentally mix BIND 1359 headers/libraries with virginal libc. If you have BIND headers in 1360 /usr/local/include (resolv.h, etc) you *should* be adding -lresolv 1361 to LIBS. Data structures may change and you'd be asking for a 1362 core dump. 1363 1364 A number of problems have been reported regarding the Linux 2.2.0 1365 kernel. So far, these problems have been tracked down to syslog() 1366 and DNS resolution. We believe the problem is with the poll() 1367 implementation in the Linux 2.2.0 kernel and poll()-aware versions 1368 of glib (at least up to 2.0.111). 1369 1370glibc 1371 glibc 2.2.1 (and possibly other versions) changed the value of 1372 __RES in resolv.h but failed to actually provide the IPv6 API 1373 changes that the change implied. Therefore, compiling with 1374 -DNETINET6 fails. 1375 1376 Workarounds: 1377 1) Compile without -DNETINET6 1378 2) Build against a real BIND 8.2.2 include/lib tree 1379 3) Wait for glibc to fix it 1380 1381AIX 4.X 1382 The AIX 4.X linker uses library paths specified during compilation 1383 using -L for run-time shared library searches. Therefore, it is 1384 vital that relative and unsafe directory paths not be using when 1385 compiling sendmail. Because of this danger, by default, compiles 1386 on AIX use the -blibpath option to limit shared libraries to 1387 /usr/lib and /lib. If you need to allow more directories, such as 1388 /usr/local/lib, modify your devtools/Site/site.AIX.4.2.m4, 1389 site.AIX.4.3.m4, and/or site.AIX.4.x.m4 file(s) and set confLDOPTS 1390 appropriately. For example: 1391 1392 define(`confLDOPTS', `-blibpath:/usr/lib:/lib:/usr/local/lib') 1393 1394 Be sure to only add (safe) system directories. 1395 1396 The AIX version of GNU ld also exhibits this problem. If you are 1397 using that version, instead of -blibpath, use its -rpath option. 1398 For example: 1399 1400 gcc -Wl,-rpath /usr/lib -Wl,-rpath /lib -Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib 1401 1402AIX 4.X If the test program t-event (and most others) in libsm fails, 1403 check your compiler settings. It seems that the flags -qnoro or 1404 -qnoroconst on some AIX versions trigger a compiler bug. Check 1405 your compiler settings or use cc instead of xlc. 1406 1407AIX 4.0-4.2, maybe some AIX 4.3 versions 1408 The AIX m4 implements a different mechanism for ifdef which is 1409 inconsistent with other versions of m4. Therefore, it will not 1410 work properly with the sendmail Build architecture or m4 1411 configuration method. To work around this problem, please use 1412 GNU m4 from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/. 1413 The problem seems to be solved in AIX 4.3.3 at least. 1414 1415AIX 4.3.3 1416 From: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu 1417 Date: Sun, 02 Jul 2000 03:58:02 -0400 1418 1419 Under AIX 4.3.3, after applying bos.adt.include 4.3.3.12 to close the 1420 BIND 8.2.2 security holes, you can no longer build with -DNETINET6 1421 because they changed the value of __RES in resolv.h but failed to 1422 actually provide the API changes that the change implied. 1423 1424 Workarounds: 1425 1) Compile without -DNETINET6 1426 2) Build against a real BIND 8.2.2 include/lib tree 1427 3) Wait for IBM to fix it 1428 1429AIX 3.x 1430 This version of sendmail does not support MB, MG, and MR resource 1431 records, which are supported by AIX sendmail. 1432 1433 Several people have reported that the IBM-supplied named returns 1434 fairly random results -- the named should be replaced. It is not 1435 necessary to replace the resolver, which will simplify installation. 1436 A new BIND resolver can be found at http://www.isc.org/isc/. 1437 1438AIX 3.1.x 1439 The supplied load average code only works correctly for AIX 3.2.x. 1440 For 3.1, use -DLA_TYPE=LA_SUBR and get the latest ``monitor'' 1441 package by Jussi Maki <jmaki@hut.fi> from ftp.funet.fi in the 1442 directory pub/unix/AIX/rs6000/monitor-1.12.tar.Z; use the loadavgd 1443 daemon, and the getloadavg subroutine supplied with that package. 1444 If you don't care about load average throttling, just turn off 1445 load average checking using -DLA_TYPE=LA_ZERO. 1446 1447RISC/os 1448 RISC/os from MIPS is a merged AT&T/Berkeley system. When you 1449 compile on that platform you will get duplicate definitions 1450 on many files. You can ignore these. 1451 1452System V Release 4 Based Systems 1453 There is a single devtools OS that is intended for all SVR4-based 1454 systems (built from devtools/OS/SVR4). It defines __svr4__, 1455 which is predefined by some compilers. If your compiler already 1456 defines this compile variable, you can delete the definition from 1457 the generated Makefile or create a devtools/Site/site.config.m4 1458 file. 1459 1460 It's been tested on Dell Issue 2.2. 1461 1462DELL SVR4 1463 Date: Mon, 06 Dec 1993 10:42:29 EST 1464 From: "Kimmo Suominen" <kim@grendel.lut.fi> 1465 Message-ID: <2d0352f9.lento29@lento29.UUCP> 1466 To: eric@cs.berkeley.edu 1467 Cc: sendmail@cs.berkeley.edu 1468 Subject: Notes for DELL SVR4 1469 1470 Eric, 1471 1472 Here are some notes for compiling Sendmail 8.6.4 on DELL SVR4. I ran 1473 across these things when helping out some people who contacted me by 1474 e-mail. 1475 1476 1) Use gcc 2.4.5 (or later?). Dell distributes gcc 2.1 with their 1477 Issue 2.2 Unix. It is too old, and gives you problems with 1478 clock.c, because sigset_t won't get defined in <sys/signal.h>. 1479 This is due to a problematic protection rule in there, and is 1480 fixed with gcc 2.4.5. 1481 1482 2) If you don't use the new Berkeley DB (-DNEWDB), then you need 1483 to add "-lc -lucb" to the libraries to link with. This is because 1484 the -ldbm distributed by Dell needs the bcopy, bcmp and bzero 1485 functions. It is important that you specify both libraries in 1486 the given order to be sure you only get the BSTRING functions 1487 from the UCB library (and not the signal routines etc.). 1488 1489 3) Don't leave out "-lelf" even if compiling with "-lc -lucb". 1490 The UCB library also has another copy of the nlist routines, 1491 but we do want the ones from "-lelf". 1492 1493 If anyone needs a compiled gcc 2.4.5 and/or a ported DB library, they 1494 can use anonymous ftp to fetch them from lut.fi in the /kim directory. 1495 They are copies of what I use on grendel.lut.fi, and offering them 1496 does not imply that I would also support them. I have sent the DB 1497 port for SVR4 back to Keith Bostic for inclusion in the official 1498 distribution, but I haven't heard anything from him as of today. 1499 1500 - gcc-2.4.5-svr4.tar.gz (gcc 2.4.5 and the corresponding libg++) 1501 - db-1.72.tar.gz (with source, objects and a installed copy) 1502 1503 Cheers 1504 + Kim 1505 -- 1506 * Kimmo.Suominen@lut.fi * SysVr4 enthusiast at GRENDEL.LUT.FI * 1507 * KIM@FINFILES.BITNET * Postmaster and Hostmaster at LUT.FI * 1508 * + 358 200 865 718 * Unix area moderator at NIC.FUNET.FI * 1509 1510ConvexOS 10.1 and below 1511 In order to use the name server, you must create the file 1512 /etc/use_nameserver. If this file does not exist, the call 1513 to res_init() will fail and you will have absolutely no 1514 access to DNS, including MX records. 1515 1516Amdahl UTS 2.1.5 1517 In order to get UTS to work, you will have to port BIND 4.9. 1518 The vendor's BIND is reported to be ``totally inadequate.'' 1519 See sendmail/contrib/AmdahlUTS.patch for the patches necessary 1520 to get BIND 4.9 compiled for UTS. 1521 1522UnixWare 1523 According to Alexander Kolbasov <sasha@unitech.gamma.ru>, 1524 the m4 on UnixWare 2.0 (still in Beta) will core dump on the 1525 config files. GNU m4 and the m4 from UnixWare 1.x both work. 1526 1527 According to Larry Rosenman <ler@lerami.lerctr.org>: 1528 1529 UnixWare 2.1.[23]'s m4 chokes (not obviously) when 1530 processing the 8.9.0 cf files. 1531 1532 I had a LOCAL_RULE_0 that wound up AFTER the 1533 SBasic_check_rcpt rules using the SCO supplied M4. 1534 GNU M4 works fine. 1535 1536UNICOS 8.0.3.4 1537 Some people have reported that the -O flag on UNICOS can cause 1538 problems. You may want to turn this off if you have problems 1539 running sendmail. Reported by Jerry G. DeLapp <jgd@acl.lanl.gov>. 1540 1541Darwin/Mac OS X (10.X.X) 1542 The linker errors produced regarding getopt() and its associated 1543 variables can safely be ignored. 1544 1545 From Mike Zimmerman <zimmy@torrentnet.com>: 1546 1547 From scratch here is what Darwin users need to do to the standard 1548 10.0.0, 10.0.1 install to get sendmail working. 1549 From http://www.macosx.com/forums/showthread.php?s=6dac0e9e1f3fd118a4870a8a9b559491&threadid=2242: 1550 1. chmod g-w / /private /private/etc 1551 2. Properly set HOSTNAME in /etc/hostconfig to your FQDN: 1552 HOSTNAME=-my.domain.com- 1553 3. Edit /etc/rc.boot: 1554 hostname my.domain.com 1555 domainname domain.com 1556 4. Edit /System/Library/StartupItems/Sendmail/Sendmail: 1557 Remove the "&" after the sendmail command: 1558 /usr/sbin/sendmail -bd -q1h 1559 1560 From Carsten Klapp <carsten.klapp@home.com>: 1561 1562 The easiest workaround is to remove the group-writable permission 1563 for the root directory and the symbolic /etc inherits this 1564 change. While this does fix sendmail, the unfortunate side-effect 1565 is the OS X admin will no longer be able to manipulate icons in the 1566 top level of the Startup disk unless logged into the GUI as the 1567 superuser. 1568 1569 In applying the alternate workaround, care must be taken while 1570 swapping the symlink /etc with the directory /private/etc. In all 1571 likelihood any admin who is concerned with this sendmail error has 1572 enough experience to not accidentally harm anything in the process. 1573 1574 a. Swap the /etc symlink with /private/etc (as superuser): 1575 rm /etc 1576 mv /private/etc /etc 1577 ln -s /etc /private/etc 1578 1579 b. Set / to group unwritable (as superuser): 1580 chmod g-w / 1581 1582Darwin/Mac OS X (10.1.5) 1583 Apple's upgrade to sendmail 8.12 is incorrectly configured. You 1584 will need to manually fix it up by doing the following: 1585 1586 1. chown smmsp:smmsp /var/spool/clientmqueue 1587 2. chmod 2770 /var/spool/clientmqueue 1588 3. chgrp smmsp /usr/sbin/sendmail 1589 4. chmod g+s /usr/sbin/sendmail 1590 1591 From Daniel J. Luke <dluke@geeklair.net>: 1592 1593 It appears that setting the sendmail.cf property in 1594 /locations/sendmail in NetInfo on Mac OS X 10.1.5 with sendmail 1595 8.12.4 causes 'bad things' to happen. 1596 1597 Specifically sendmail instances that should be getting their config 1598 from /etc/mail/submit.cf don't (so mail/mutt/perl scripts which 1599 open pipes to sendmail stop working as sendmail tries to write to 1600 /var/spool/mqueue and cannot as sendmail is no longer suid root). 1601 1602 Removing the entry from NetInfo fixes this problem. 1603 1604GNU getopt 1605 I'm told that GNU getopt has a problem in that it gets confused 1606 by the double call. Use the version in conf.c instead. 1607 1608BIND 4.9.2 and Ultrix 1609 If you are running on Ultrix, be sure you read conf/Info.Ultrix 1610 in the BIND distribution very carefully -- there is information 1611 in there that you need to know in order to avoid errors of the 1612 form: 1613 1614 /lib/libc.a(gethostent.o): sethostent: multiply defined 1615 /lib/libc.a(gethostent.o): endhostent: multiply defined 1616 /lib/libc.a(gethostent.o): gethostbyname: multiply defined 1617 /lib/libc.a(gethostent.o): gethostbyaddr: multiply defined 1618 1619 during the link stage. 1620 1621BIND 8.X 1622 BIND 8.X returns HOST_NOT_FOUND instead of TRY_AGAIN on temporary 1623 DNS failures when trying to find the hostname associated with an IP 1624 address (gethostbyaddr()). This can cause problems as 1625 $&{client_name} based lookups in class R ($=R) and the access 1626 database won't succeed. 1627 1628 This will be fixed in BIND 8.2.1. For earlier versions, this can 1629 be fixed by making "dns" the last name service queried for host 1630 resolution in /etc/irs.conf: 1631 1632 hosts local continue 1633 hosts dns 1634 1635strtoul 1636 Some compilers (notably gcc) claim to be ANSI C but do not 1637 include the ANSI-required routine "strtoul". If your compiler 1638 has this problem, you will get an error in srvrsmtp.c on the 1639 code: 1640 1641 # ifdef defined(__STDC__) && !defined(BROKEN_ANSI_LIBRARY) 1642 e->e_msgsize = strtoul(vp, (char **) NULL, 10); 1643 # else 1644 e->e_msgsize = strtol(vp, (char **) NULL, 10); 1645 # endif 1646 1647 You can use -DBROKEN_ANSI_LIBRARY to get around this problem. 1648 1649Listproc 6.0c 1650 Date: 23 Sep 1995 23:56:07 GMT 1651 Message-ID: <95925101334.~INN-AUMa00187.comp-news@dl.ac.uk> 1652 From: alansz@mellers1.psych.berkeley.edu (Alan Schwartz) 1653 Subject: Listproc 6.0c + Sendmail 8.7 [Helpful hint] 1654 1655 Just upgraded to sendmail 8.7, and discovered that listproc 6.0c 1656 breaks, because it, by default, sends a blank "HELO" rather than 1657 a "HELO hostname" when using the 'system' or 'telnet' mail method. 1658 1659 The fix is to include -DZMAILER in the compilation, which will 1660 cause it to use "HELO hostname" (which Z-mail apparently requires 1661 as well. :) 1662 1663OpenSSL 1664 OpenSSL versions prior to 0.9.6 use a macro named Free which 1665 conflicts with existing macro names on some platforms, such as 1666 AIX. 1667 Do not use 0.9.3, but OpenSSL 0.9.5a or later if compatible with 1668 0.9.5a. 1669 1670PH 1671 PH support is provided by Mark Roth <roth@uiuc.edu>. The map is 1672 described at http://www-dev.cites.uiuc.edu/sendmail/ . 1673 1674 NOTE: The "spacedname" pseudo-field which was used by earlier 1675 versions of the PH map code is no longer supported! See the URL 1676 listed above for more information. 1677 1678 Please contact Mark Roth for support and questions regarding the 1679 map. 1680 1681TCP Wrappers 1682 If you are using -DTCPWRAPPERS to get TCP Wrappers support you will 1683 also need to install libwrap.a and modify your site.config.m4 file 1684 or the generated Makefile to include -lwrap in the LIBS line 1685 (make sure that INCDIRS and LIBDIRS point to where the tcpd.h and 1686 libwrap.a can be found). 1687 1688 TCP Wrappers is available at ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/pub/security/. 1689 1690 If you have alternate MX sites for your site, be sure that all of 1691 your MX sites reject the same set of hosts. If not, a bad guy whom 1692 you reject will connect to your site, fail, and move on to the next 1693 MX site, which will accept the mail for you and forward it on to you. 1694 1695Regular Expressions (MAP_REGEX) 1696 If sendmail linking fails with: 1697 1698 undefined reference to 'regcomp' 1699 1700 or sendmail gives an error about a regular expression with: 1701 1702 pattern-compile-error: : Operation not applicable 1703 1704 Your libc does not include a running version of POSIX-regex. Use 1705 librx or regex.o from the GNU Free Software Foundation, 1706 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/rx-?.?.tar.gz or 1707 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/regex-?.?.tar.gz. 1708 You can also use the regex-lib by Henry Spencer, 1709 ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/C/spencer/regex.shar.gz 1710 Make sure, your compiler reads regex.h from the distribution, 1711 not from /usr/include, otherwise sendmail will dump a core. 1712 1713 1714+--------------+ 1715| MANUAL PAGES | 1716+--------------+ 1717 1718The manual pages have been written against the -man macros, and 1719should format correctly with any reasonable *roff. 1720 1721 1722+-----------------+ 1723| DEBUGGING HOOKS | 1724+-----------------+ 1725 1726As of 8.6.5, sendmail daemons will catch a SIGUSR1 signal and log 1727some debugging output (logged at LOG_DEBUG severity). The 1728information dumped is: 1729 1730 * The value of the $j macro. 1731 * A warning if $j is not in the set $=w. 1732 * A list of the open file descriptors. 1733 * The contents of the connection cache. 1734 * If ruleset 89 is defined, it is evaluated and the results printed. 1735 1736This allows you to get information regarding the runtime state of the 1737daemon on the fly. This should not be done too frequently, since 1738the process of rewriting may lose memory which will not be recovered. 1739Also, ruleset 89 may call non-reentrant routines, so there is a small 1740non-zero probability that this will cause other problems. It is 1741really only for debugging serious problems. 1742 1743A typical formulation of ruleset 89 would be: 1744 1745 R$* $@ $>0 some test address 1746 1747 1748+-----------------------------+ 1749| DESCRIPTION OF SOURCE FILES | 1750+-----------------------------+ 1751 1752The following list describes the files in this directory: 1753 1754Build Shell script for building sendmail. 1755Makefile A convenience for calling ./Build. 1756Makefile.m4 A template for constructing a makefile based on the 1757 information in the devtools directory. 1758README This file. 1759TRACEFLAGS My own personal list of the trace flags -- not guaranteed 1760 to be particularly up to date. 1761alias.c Does name aliasing in all forms. 1762aliases.5 Man page describing the format of the aliases file. 1763arpadate.c A subroutine which creates ARPANET standard dates. 1764bf.c Routines to implement memory-buffered file system using 1765 hooks provided by libsm now (formerly Torek stdio library). 1766bf.h Buffered file I/O function declarations and 1767 data structure and function declarations for bf.c. 1768collect.c The routine that actually reads the mail into a temp 1769 file. It also does a certain amount of parsing of 1770 the header, etc. 1771conf.c The configuration file. This contains information 1772 that is presumed to be quite static and non- 1773 controversial, or code compiled in for efficiency 1774 reasons. Most of the configuration is in sendmail.cf. 1775conf.h Configuration that must be known everywhere. 1776control.c Routines to implement control socket. 1777convtime.c A routine to sanely process times. 1778daemon.c Routines to implement daemon mode. 1779deliver.c Routines to deliver mail. 1780domain.c Routines that interface with DNS (the Domain Name 1781 System). 1782envelope.c Routines to manipulate the envelope structure. 1783err.c Routines to print error messages. 1784headers.c Routines to process message headers. 1785helpfile An example helpfile for the SMTP HELP command and -bt mode. 1786macro.c The macro expander. This is used internally to 1787 insert information from the configuration file. 1788mailq.1 Man page for the mailq command. 1789main.c The main routine to sendmail. This file also 1790 contains some miscellaneous routines. 1791makesendmail A convenience for calling ./Build. 1792map.c Support for database maps. 1793mci.c Routines that handle mail connection information caching. 1794milter.c MTA portions of the mail filter API. 1795mime.c MIME conversion routines. 1796newaliases.1 Man page for the newaliases command. 1797parseaddr.c The routines which do address parsing. 1798queue.c Routines to implement message queueing. 1799readcf.c The routine that reads the configuration file and 1800 translates it to internal form. 1801recipient.c Routines that manipulate the recipient list. 1802sasl.c Routines to interact with Cyrys-SASL. 1803savemail.c Routines which save the letter on processing errors. 1804sendmail.8 Man page for the sendmail command. 1805sendmail.h Main header file for sendmail. 1806sfsasl.c I/O interface between SASL/TLS and the MTA. 1807sfsasl.h Header file for sfsasl.c. 1808shmticklib.c Routines for shared memory counters. 1809sm_resolve.c Routines for DNS lookups (for DNS map type). 1810sm_resolve.h Header file for sm_resolve.c. 1811srvrsmtp.c Routines to implement server SMTP. 1812stab.c Routines to manage the symbol table. 1813stats.c Routines to collect and post the statistics. 1814statusd_shm.h Data structure and function declarations for shmticklib.c. 1815sysexits.c List of error messages associated with error codes 1816 in sysexits.h. 1817sysexits.h List of error codes for systems that lack their own. 1818timers.c Routines to provide microtimers. 1819timers.h Data structure and function declarations for timers.h. 1820tls.c Routines for TLS. 1821trace.c The trace package. These routines allow setting and 1822 testing of trace flags with a high granularity. 1823udb.c The user database interface module. 1824usersmtp.c Routines to implement user SMTP. 1825util.c Some general purpose routines used by sendmail. 1826version.c The version number and information about this 1827 version of sendmail. 1828 1829(Version $Revision: 8.386 $, last update $Date: 2005/03/04 23:24:08 $ ) 1830