fdl.texi revision 117395
1@ignore 2@c Set file name and title for man page. 3@setfilename gfdl 4@settitle GNU Free Documentation License 5@c man begin SEEALSO 6gpl(7), fsf-funding(7). 7@c man end 8@c man begin COPYRIGHT 9Copyright @copyright{} 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 1059 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA 11 12Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 13of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 14@c man end 15@end ignore 16@c Special handling for inclusion in the install manual. 17@ifset gfdlhtml 18@ifnothtml 19@comment node-name, next, previous, up 20@node GNU Free Documentation License, Concept Index, Old, Top 21@end ifnothtml 22@html 23<h1 align="center">Installing GCC: GNU Free Documentation License</h1> 24@end html 25@ifnothtml 26@unnumbered GNU Free Documentation License 27@end ifnothtml 28@end ifset 29@c man begin DESCRIPTION 30@ifclear gfdlhtml 31@node GNU Free Documentation License 32@unnumbered GNU Free Documentation License 33@end ifclear 34 35@cindex FDL, GNU Free Documentation License 36@center Version 1.2, November 2002 37 38@display 39Copyright @copyright{} 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 4059 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA 41 42Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 43of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 44@end display 45 46@enumerate 0 47@item 48PREAMBLE 49 50The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other 51functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to 52assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, 53with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. 54Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way 55to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible 56for modifications made by others. 57 58This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative 59works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It 60complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft 61license designed for free software. 62 63We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free 64software, because free software needs free documentation: a free 65program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the 66software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; 67it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or 68whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License 69principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 70 71@item 72APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS 73 74This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that 75contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be 76distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a 77world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that 78work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below, 79refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a 80licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you 81copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission 82under copyright law. 83 84A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the 85Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with 86modifications and/or translated into another language. 87 88A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section 89of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the 90publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall 91subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall 92directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in 93part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain 94any mathematics.) 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A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''. 124 125Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain 126@sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, La@TeX{} input 127format, @acronym{SGML} or @acronym{XML} using a publicly available 128@acronym{DTD}, and standard-conforming simple @acronym{HTML}, 129PostScript or @acronym{PDF} designed for human modification. Examples 130of transparent image formats include @acronym{PNG}, @acronym{XCF} and 131@acronym{JPG}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be 132read and edited only by proprietary word processors, @acronym{SGML} or 133@acronym{XML} for which the @acronym{DTD} and/or processing tools are 134not generally available, and the machine-generated @acronym{HTML}, 135PostScript or @acronym{PDF} produced by some word processors for 136output purposes only. 137 138The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself, 139plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material 140this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in 141formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means 142the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, 143preceding the beginning of the body of the text. 144 145A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose 146title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following 147text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a 148specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'', 149``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title'' 150of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a 151section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition. 152 153The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which 154states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty 155Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this 156License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other 157implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has 158no effect on the meaning of this License. 159 160@item 161VERBATIM COPYING 162 163You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either 164commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the 165copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies 166to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other 167conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use 168technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further 169copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept 170compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough 171number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. 172 173You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and 174you may publicly display copies. 175 176@item 177COPYING IN QUANTITY 178 179If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have 180printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the 181Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the 182copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover 183Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on 184the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify 185you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present 186the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and 187visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. 188Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve 189the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated 190as verbatim copying in other respects. 191 192If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit 193legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit 194reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent 195pages. 196 197If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering 198more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent 199copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy 200a computer-network location from which the general network-using 201public has access to download using public-standard network protocols 202a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. 203If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, 204when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure 205that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated 206location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an 207Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that 208edition to the public. 209 210It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the 211Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give 212them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. 213 214@item 215MODIFICATIONS 216 217You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under 218the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release 219the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified 220Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution 221and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy 222of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: 223 224@enumerate A 225@item 226Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct 227from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions 228(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section 229of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version 230if the original publisher of that version gives permission. 231 232@item 233List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities 234responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified 235Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the 236Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), 237unless they release you from this requirement. 238 239@item 240State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the 241Modified Version, as the publisher. 242 243@item 244Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. 245 246@item 247Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications 248adjacent to the other copyright notices. 249 250@item 251Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice 252giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the 253terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. 254 255@item 256Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections 257and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. 258 259@item 260Include an unaltered copy of this License. 261 262@item 263Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add 264to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and 265publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If 266there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one 267stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as 268given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified 269Version as stated in the previous sentence. 270 271@item 272Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for 273public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise 274the network locations given in the Document for previous versions 275it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section. 276You may omit a network location for a work that was published at 277least four years before the Document itself, or if the original 278publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. 279 280@item 281For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve 282the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the 283substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or 284dedications given therein. 285 286@item 287Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, 288unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers 289or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. 290 291@item 292Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section 293may not be included in the Modified Version. 294 295@item 296Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or 297to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. 298 299@item 300Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. 301@end enumerate 302 303If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or 304appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material 305copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all 306of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the 307list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. 308These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. 309 310You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains 311nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various 312parties---for example, statements of peer review or that the text has 313been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a 314standard. 315 316You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a 317passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list 318of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of 319Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or 320through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already 321includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or 322by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, 323you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit 324permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. 325 326The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License 327give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or 328imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 329 330@item 331COMBINING DOCUMENTS 332 333You may combine the Document with other documents released under this 334License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified 335versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the 336Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and 337list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its 338license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. 339 340The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and 341multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single 342copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but 343different contents, make the title of each such section unique by 344adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original 345author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. 346Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of 347Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. 348 349In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History'' 350in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled 351``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', 352and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all 353sections Entitled ``Endorsements.'' 354 355@item 356COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS 357 358You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents 359released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this 360License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in 361the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for 362verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. 363 364You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute 365it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this 366License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all 367other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. 368 369@item 370AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS 371 372A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate 373and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or 374distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright 375resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights 376of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. 377When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not 378apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves 379derivative works of the Document. 380 381If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these 382copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of 383the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on 384covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the 385electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. 386Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole 387aggregate. 388 389@item 390TRANSLATION 391 392Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may 393distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. 394Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special 395permission from their copyright holders, but you may include 396translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the 397original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a 398translation of this License, and all the license notices in the 399Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also include 400the original English version of this License and the original versions 401of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between 402the translation and the original version of this License or a notice 403or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. 404 405If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', 406``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve 407its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual 408title. 409 410@item 411TERMINATION 412 413You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except 414as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to 415copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will 416automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, 417parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this 418License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 419parties remain in full compliance. 420 421@item 422FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE 423 424The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions 425of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new 426versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may 427differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See 428@uref{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/}. 429 430Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. 431If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this 432License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of 433following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or 434of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the 435Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version 436number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not 437as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. 438@end enumerate 439 440@page 441@unnumberedsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents 442 443To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of 444the License in the document and put the following copyright and 445license notices just after the title page: 446 447@smallexample 448@group 449 Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}. 450 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 451 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 452 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 453 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. 454 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU 455 Free Documentation License''. 456@end group 457@end smallexample 458 459If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, 460replace the ``with...Texts.'' line with this: 461 462@smallexample 463@group 464 with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with 465 the Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts 466 being @var{list}. 467@end group 468@end smallexample 469 470If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other 471combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the 472situation. 473 474If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we 475recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of 476free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, 477to permit their use in free software. 478 479@c Local Variables: 480@c ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict" 481@c End: 482 483@c man end 484