ps.c revision 89909 
1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
3 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 * are met:
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 *    without specific prior written permission.
20 *
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * SUCH DAMAGE.
32 */
33
34#ifndef lint
35static char const copyright[] =
36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\
37	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38#endif /* not lint */
39
40#ifndef lint
41#if 0
42static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
43#endif
44static const char rcsid[] =
45  "$FreeBSD: head/bin/ps/ps.c 89909 2002-01-28 09:43:26Z ru $";
46#endif /* not lint */
47
48#include <sys/param.h>
49#include <sys/user.h>
50#include <sys/time.h>
51#include <sys/resource.h>
52#include <sys/stat.h>
53#include <sys/ioctl.h>
54#include <sys/sysctl.h>
55
56#include <ctype.h>
57#include <err.h>
58#include <errno.h>
59#include <fcntl.h>
60#include <kvm.h>
61#include <limits.h>
62#include <locale.h>
63#include <nlist.h>
64#include <paths.h>
65#include <stdio.h>
66#include <stdlib.h>
67#include <string.h>
68#include <unistd.h>
69#include <pwd.h>
70#include <utmp.h>
71
72#include "lomac.h"
73#include "ps.h"
74
75#define SEP ", \t"		/* username separators */
76
77KINFO *kinfo;
78struct varent *vhead, *vtail;
79
80int	eval;			/* exit value */
81int	cflag;			/* -c */
82int	rawcpu;			/* -C */
83int	sumrusage;		/* -S */
84int	termwidth;		/* width of screen (0 == infinity) */
85int	totwidth;		/* calculated width of requested variables */
86
87static int needuser, needcomm, needenv;
88#if defined(LAZY_PS)
89static int forceuread=0;
90#else
91static int forceuread=1;
92#endif
93
94enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT;
95
96static char	*fmt __P((char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int),
97		    KINFO *, char *, int));
98static char	*kludge_oldps_options __P((char *));
99static int	 pscomp __P((const void *, const void *));
100static void	 saveuser __P((KINFO *));
101static void	 scanvars __P((void));
102static void	 dynsizevars __P((KINFO *));
103static void	 sizevars __P((void));
104static void	 usage __P((void));
105static uid_t	*getuids(const char *, int *);
106
107char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command";
108char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid jobc state tt time command";
109char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command";
110char   o1[] = "pid";
111char   o2[] = "tt state time command";
112char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command";
113char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command";
114char Zfmt[] = "lvl";
115
116kvm_t *kd;
117
118int
119main(argc, argv)
120	int argc;
121	char *argv[];
122{
123	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
124	struct varent *vent;
125	struct winsize ws;
126	dev_t ttydev;
127	pid_t pid;
128	uid_t *uids;
129	int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, lineno, nentries, dropgid;
130	int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids;
131	char *nlistf, *memf, errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
132
133	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
134
135	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
136	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 &&
137	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO,  TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) ||
138	     ws.ws_col == 0)
139		termwidth = 79;
140	else
141		termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
142
143	if (argc > 1)
144		argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]);
145
146	all = fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = 0;
147	pid = -1;
148	nuids = 0;
149	uids = NULL;
150	ttydev = NODEV;
151	dropgid = 0;
152	memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
153	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
154#if defined(LAZY_PS)
155	    "aCcefghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uv:wxZ")) != -1)
156#else
157	    "aCceghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uv:wxZ")) != -1)
158#endif
159		switch((char)ch) {
160		case 'a':
161			all = 1;
162			break;
163		case 'C':
164			rawcpu = 1;
165			break;
166		case 'c':
167			cflag = 1;
168			break;
169		case 'e':			/* XXX set ufmt */
170			needenv = 1;
171			break;
172		case 'g':
173			break;			/* no-op */
174		case 'h':
175			prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22;
176			break;
177		case 'j':
178			parsefmt(jfmt);
179			fmt = 1;
180			jfmt[0] = '\0';
181			break;
182		case 'L':
183			showkey();
184			exit(0);
185		case 'l':
186			parsefmt(lfmt);
187			fmt = 1;
188			lfmt[0] = '\0';
189			break;
190		case 'M':
191			memf = optarg;
192			dropgid = 1;
193			break;
194		case 'm':
195			sortby = SORTMEM;
196			break;
197		case 'N':
198			nlistf = optarg;
199			dropgid = 1;
200			break;
201		case 'O':
202			parsefmt(o1);
203			parsefmt(optarg);
204			parsefmt(o2);
205			o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0';
206			fmt = 1;
207			break;
208		case 'o':
209			parsefmt(optarg);
210			fmt = 1;
211			break;
212#if defined(LAZY_PS)
213		case 'f':
214			if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0)
215			    forceuread = 1;
216			break;
217#endif
218		case 'p':
219			pid = atol(optarg);
220			xflg = 1;
221			break;
222		case 'r':
223			sortby = SORTCPU;
224			break;
225		case 'S':
226			sumrusage = 1;
227			break;
228		case 'T':
229			if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL)
230				errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal");
231			/* FALLTHROUGH */
232		case 't': {
233			struct stat sb;
234			char *ttypath, pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
235
236			if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0)
237				ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE;
238			else if (*optarg != '/')
239				(void)snprintf(ttypath = pathbuf,
240				    sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg);
241			else
242				ttypath = optarg;
243			if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1)
244				err(1, "%s", ttypath);
245			if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
246				errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath);
247			ttydev = sb.st_rdev;
248			break;
249		}
250		case 'U':
251			uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids);
252			xflg++;		/* XXX: intuitive? */
253			break;
254		case 'u':
255			parsefmt(ufmt);
256			sortby = SORTCPU;
257			fmt = 1;
258			ufmt[0] = '\0';
259			break;
260		case 'v':
261			parsefmt(vfmt);
262			sortby = SORTMEM;
263			fmt = 1;
264			vfmt[0] = '\0';
265			break;
266		case 'w':
267			if (wflag)
268				termwidth = UNLIMITED;
269			else if (termwidth < 131)
270				termwidth = 131;
271			wflag++;
272			break;
273		case 'x':
274			xflg = 1;
275			break;
276		case 'Z':
277			parsefmt(Zfmt);
278			Zfmt[0] = '\0';
279			break;
280		case '?':
281		default:
282			usage();
283		}
284	argc -= optind;
285	argv += optind;
286
287#define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
288#ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
289	if (*argv) {
290		nlistf = *argv;
291		if (*++argv) {
292			memf = *argv;
293		}
294	}
295#endif
296	/*
297	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
298	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
299	 */
300	if (dropgid) {
301		setgid(getgid());
302		setuid(getuid());
303	}
304
305	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
306	if (kd == 0)
307		errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
308
309	if (!fmt)
310		parsefmt(dfmt);
311
312	/* XXX - should be cleaner */
313	if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) {
314		if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL)
315			errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
316		nuids = 1;
317		*uids = getuid();
318	}
319
320	/*
321	 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed,
322	 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate.
323	 */
324	scanvars();
325	/*
326	 * get proc list
327	 */
328	if (nuids == 1) {
329		what = KERN_PROC_UID;
330		flag = *uids;
331	} else if (ttydev != NODEV) {
332		what = KERN_PROC_TTY;
333		flag = ttydev;
334	} else if (pid != -1) {
335		what = KERN_PROC_PID;
336		flag = pid;
337	} else {
338		what = KERN_PROC_ALL;
339		flag = 0;
340	}
341	/*
342	 * select procs
343	 */
344	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == 0 || nentries < 0)
345		errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
346	if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL)
347		err(1, NULL);
348	for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) {
349		kinfo[i].ki_p = kp;
350		if (needuser)
351			saveuser(&kinfo[i]);
352		dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]);
353	}
354
355	sizevars();
356
357	/*
358	 * print header
359	 */
360	printheader();
361	if (nentries == 0)
362		exit(1);
363	/*
364	 * sort proc list
365	 */
366	qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp);
367	/*
368	 * for each proc, call each variable output function.
369	 */
370	for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) {
371		if (xflg == 0 && ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_tdev == NODEV ||
372		    ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_flag & P_CONTROLT ) == 0))
373			continue;
374		if (nuids > 1) {
375			for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++)
376				if ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_uid == uids[uid])
377					break;
378			if (uid == nuids)
379				continue;
380		}
381		for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
382			(vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent);
383			if (vent->next != NULL)
384				(void)putchar(' ');
385		}
386		(void)putchar('\n');
387		if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) {
388			(void)putchar('\n');
389			printheader();
390			lineno = 0;
391		}
392	}
393	free(uids);
394	lomac_stop();
395
396	exit(eval);
397}
398
399uid_t *
400getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids)
401{
402	char name[UT_NAMESIZE + 1];
403	struct passwd *pwd;
404	uid_t *uids, *moreuids;
405	int l, alloc;
406
407
408	alloc = 0;
409	*nuids = 0;
410	uids = NULL;
411	for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) {
412		if (l >= sizeof name) {
413			warnx("%.*s: name too long", l, arg);
414			continue;
415		}
416		strncpy(name, arg, l);
417		name[l] = '\0';
418		if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) {
419			warnx("%s: no such user", name);
420			continue;
421		}
422		if (*nuids >= alloc) {
423			alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1;
424			moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids));
425			if (moreuids == NULL) {
426				free(uids);
427				errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(errno));
428			}
429			uids = moreuids;
430		}
431		uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid;
432	}
433	endpwent();
434
435	if (!*nuids)
436		errx(1, "No users specified");
437
438	return uids;
439}
440
441static void
442scanvars()
443{
444	struct varent *vent;
445	VAR *v;
446
447	for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
448		v = vent->var;
449		if (v->flag & DSIZ) {
450			v->dwidth = v->width;
451			v->width = 0;
452		}
453		if (v->flag & USER)
454			needuser = 1;
455		if (v->flag & COMM)
456			needcomm = 1;
457	}
458}
459
460static void
461dynsizevars(ki)
462	KINFO *ki;
463{
464	struct varent *vent;
465	VAR *v;
466	int i;
467
468	for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
469		v = vent->var;
470		if (!(v->flag & DSIZ))
471			continue;
472		i = (v->sproc)( ki);
473		if (v->width < i)
474			v->width = i;
475		if (v->width > v->dwidth)
476			v->width = v->dwidth;
477	}
478}
479
480static void
481sizevars()
482{
483	struct varent *vent;
484	VAR *v;
485	int i;
486
487	for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) {
488		v = vent->var;
489		i = strlen(v->header);
490		if (v->width < i)
491			v->width = i;
492		totwidth += v->width + 1;	/* +1 for space */
493	}
494	totwidth--;
495}
496
497static char *
498fmt(fn, ki, comm, maxlen)
499	char **(*fn) __P((kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int));
500	KINFO *ki;
501	char *comm;
502	int maxlen;
503{
504	char *s;
505
506	if ((s =
507	    fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_p, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL)
508		err(1, NULL);
509	return (s);
510}
511
512#define UREADOK(ki)	(forceuread || (ki->ki_p->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM))
513
514static void
515saveuser(ki)
516	KINFO *ki;
517{
518
519	if (ki->ki_p->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM) {
520		/*
521		 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get
522		 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap.
523		 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just
524		 * leave them 0.
525		 */
526		ki->ki_valid = 1;
527	} else
528		ki->ki_valid = 0;
529	/*
530	 * save arguments if needed
531	 */
532	if (needcomm && (UREADOK(ki) || (ki->ki_p->ki_args != NULL))) {
533		ki->ki_args = fmt(kvm_getargv, ki, ki->ki_p->ki_comm,
534		    MAXCOMLEN);
535	} else if (needcomm) {
536		ki->ki_args = malloc(strlen(ki->ki_p->ki_comm) + 3);
537		sprintf(ki->ki_args, "(%s)", ki->ki_p->ki_comm);
538	} else {
539		ki->ki_args = NULL;
540	}
541	if (needenv && UREADOK(ki)) {
542		ki->ki_env = fmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, (char *)NULL, 0);
543	} else if (needenv) {
544		ki->ki_env = malloc(3);
545		strcpy(ki->ki_env, "()");
546	} else {
547		ki->ki_env = NULL;
548	}
549}
550
551static int
552pscomp(a, b)
553	const void *a, *b;
554{
555	int i;
556#define VSIZE(k) ((k)->ki_p->ki_dsize + (k)->ki_p->ki_ssize + \
557		  (k)->ki_p->ki_tsize)
558
559	if (sortby == SORTCPU)
560		return (getpcpu((KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((KINFO *)a));
561	if (sortby == SORTMEM)
562		return (VSIZE((KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((KINFO *)a));
563	i =  ((KINFO *)a)->ki_p->ki_tdev - ((KINFO *)b)->ki_p->ki_tdev;
564	if (i == 0)
565		i = ((KINFO *)a)->ki_p->ki_pid - ((KINFO *)b)->ki_p->ki_pid;
566	return (i);
567}
568
569/*
570 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness
571 * here than taint the main code.
572 *
573 *  ps foo -> ps -foo
574 *  ps 34 -> ps -p34
575 *
576 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users
577 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'.  This same
578 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument.
579 */
580static char *
581kludge_oldps_options(s)
582	char *s;
583{
584	size_t len;
585	char *newopts, *ns, *cp;
586
587	len = strlen(s);
588	if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL)
589		err(1, NULL);
590	/*
591	 * options begin with '-'
592	 */
593	if (*s != '-')
594		*ns++ = '-';	/* add option flag */
595	/*
596	 * gaze to end of argv[1]
597	 */
598	cp = s + len - 1;
599	/*
600	 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context
601	 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' --
602	 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)).
603	 *
604	 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the
605	 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to
606	 * that flag; do not modify that argument.
607	 */
608	if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-')
609		*cp = 'T';
610	else {
611		/*
612		 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a
613		 * pid.
614		 */
615		while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp))
616			--cp;
617	}
618	cp++;
619	memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s));	/* copy up to trailing number */
620	ns += cp - s;
621	/*
622	 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or
623	 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag.
624	 */
625	if (isdigit(*cp) &&
626	    (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) &&
627	    (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't'))
628		*ns++ = 'p';
629	(void)strcpy(ns, cp);		/* and append the number */
630
631	return (newopts);
632}
633
634static void
635usage()
636{
637
638	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
639	    "usage: ps [-aChjlmrSTuvwx] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]",
640	    "          [-M core] [-N system]",
641	    "       ps [-L]");
642	exit(1);
643}
644