ps.c revision 116265
1/*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 */ 33 34#ifndef lint 35static const char copyright[] = 36"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994\n\ 37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 38#endif /* not lint */ 39 40#if 0 41#ifndef lint 42static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94"; 43#endif /* not lint */ 44#endif 45 46#include <sys/cdefs.h> 47__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: head/bin/ps/ps.c 116265 2003-06-12 16:53:55Z scottl $"); 48 49#include <sys/param.h> 50#include <sys/user.h> 51#include <sys/stat.h> 52#include <sys/ioctl.h> 53#include <sys/sysctl.h> 54 55#include <ctype.h> 56#include <err.h> 57#include <fcntl.h> 58#include <kvm.h> 59#include <limits.h> 60#include <locale.h> 61#include <paths.h> 62#include <pwd.h> 63#include <stdio.h> 64#include <stdlib.h> 65#include <string.h> 66#include <unistd.h> 67 68#include "ps.h" 69 70#define SEP ", \t" /* username separators */ 71 72static KINFO *kinfo; 73struct varent *vhead; 74 75int eval; /* exit value */ 76int cflag; /* -c */ 77int rawcpu; /* -C */ 78int sumrusage; /* -S */ 79int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */ 80int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */ 81 82time_t now; /* current time(3) value */ 83 84static int needuser, needcomm, needenv; 85#if defined(LAZY_PS) 86static int forceuread=0; 87#else 88static int forceuread=1; 89#endif 90 91static enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU } sortby = DEFAULT; 92 93static const char *fmt(char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), 94 KINFO *, char *, int); 95static char *kludge_oldps_options(char *); 96static int pscomp(const void *, const void *); 97static void saveuser(KINFO *); 98static void scanvars(void); 99static void dynsizevars(KINFO *); 100static void sizevars(void); 101static void usage(void); 102static uid_t *getuids(const char *, int *); 103 104static char dfmt[] = "pid,tt,state,time,command"; 105static char jfmt[] = "user,pid,ppid,pgid,jobc,state,tt,time,command"; 106static char lfmt[] = "uid,pid,ppid,cpu,pri,nice,vsz,rss,mwchan,state,tt,time,command"; 107static char o1[] = "pid"; 108static char o2[] = "tt,state,time,command"; 109static char ufmt[] = "user,pid,%cpu,%mem,vsz,rss,tt,state,start,time,command"; 110static char vfmt[] = "pid,state,time,sl,re,pagein,vsz,rss,lim,tsiz,%cpu,%mem,command"; 111static char Zfmt[] = "label"; 112 113static kvm_t *kd; 114 115#if defined(LAZY_PS) 116#define PS_ARGS "aCcefgHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwxZ" 117#else 118#define PS_ARGS "aCcegHhjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwxZ" 119#endif 120 121int 122main(int argc, char *argv[]) 123{ 124 struct kinfo_proc *kp; 125 struct varent *vent; 126 struct winsize ws; 127 dev_t ttydev; 128 pid_t pid; 129 uid_t *uids; 130 int all, ch, flag, i, _fmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid; 131 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids, showthreads; 132 char *cols; 133 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 134 const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf; 135 136 (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); 137 /* Set the time to what it is right now. */ 138 time(&now); 139 140 if ((cols = getenv("COLUMNS")) != NULL && *cols != '\0') 141 termwidth = atoi(cols); 142 else if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 143 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 144 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) || 145 ws.ws_col == 0) 146 termwidth = 79; 147 else 148 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1; 149 150 /* 151 * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an 152 * argument 153 */ 154 if (argc > 1) { 155 nocludge = 0; 156 if (argv[1][0] == '-') { 157 for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 158 if (*cp != ':') 159 continue; 160 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) { 161 nocludge = 1; 162 break; 163 } 164 } 165 } 166 if (nocludge == 0) 167 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]); 168 } 169 170 all = _fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = 0; 171 pid = -1; 172 nuids = 0; 173 uids = NULL; 174 ttydev = NODEV; 175 dropgid = 0; 176 memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL; 177 showthreads = 0; 178 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1) 179 switch((char)ch) { 180 case 'a': 181 all = 1; 182 break; 183 case 'C': 184 rawcpu = 1; 185 break; 186 case 'c': 187 cflag = 1; 188 break; 189 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */ 190 needenv = 1; 191 break; 192 case 'g': 193 break; /* no-op */ 194 case 'H': 195 showthreads = 1; 196 break; 197 case 'h': 198 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22; 199 break; 200 case 'j': 201 parsefmt(jfmt, 0); 202 _fmt = 1; 203 jfmt[0] = '\0'; 204 break; 205 case 'L': 206 showkey(); 207 exit(0); 208 case 'l': 209 parsefmt(lfmt, 0); 210 _fmt = 1; 211 lfmt[0] = '\0'; 212 break; 213 case 'M': 214 memf = optarg; 215 dropgid = 1; 216 break; 217 case 'm': 218 sortby = SORTMEM; 219 break; 220 case 'N': 221 nlistf = optarg; 222 dropgid = 1; 223 break; 224 case 'O': 225 parsefmt(o1, 1); 226 parsefmt(optarg, 1); 227 parsefmt(o2, 1); 228 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0'; 229 _fmt = 1; 230 break; 231 case 'o': 232 parsefmt(optarg, 1); 233 _fmt = 1; 234 break; 235#if defined(LAZY_PS) 236 case 'f': 237 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0) 238 forceuread = 1; 239 break; 240#endif 241 case 'p': 242 pid = atol(optarg); 243 xflg = 1; 244 break; 245 case 'r': 246 sortby = SORTCPU; 247 break; 248 case 'S': 249 sumrusage = 1; 250 break; 251 case 'T': 252 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL) 253 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal"); 254 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 255 case 't': { 256 struct stat sb; 257 char *ttypath, pathbuf[PATH_MAX]; 258 259 if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0) 260 ttypath = strdup(_PATH_CONSOLE); 261 else if (*optarg != '/') 262 (void)snprintf(ttypath = pathbuf, 263 sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg); 264 else 265 ttypath = optarg; 266 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1) 267 err(1, "%s", ttypath); 268 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 269 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath); 270 ttydev = sb.st_rdev; 271 break; 272 } 273 case 'U': 274 uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids); 275 xflg++; /* XXX: intuitive? */ 276 break; 277 case 'u': 278 parsefmt(ufmt, 0); 279 sortby = SORTCPU; 280 _fmt = 1; 281 ufmt[0] = '\0'; 282 break; 283 case 'v': 284 parsefmt(vfmt, 0); 285 sortby = SORTMEM; 286 _fmt = 1; 287 vfmt[0] = '\0'; 288 break; 289 case 'w': 290 if (wflag) 291 termwidth = UNLIMITED; 292 else if (termwidth < 131) 293 termwidth = 131; 294 wflag++; 295 break; 296 case 'x': 297 xflg = 1; 298 break; 299 case 'Z': 300 parsefmt(Zfmt, 0); 301 Zfmt[0] = '\0'; 302 break; 303 case '?': 304 default: 305 usage(); 306 } 307 argc -= optind; 308 argv += optind; 309 310#define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 311#ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 312 if (*argv) { 313 nlistf = *argv; 314 if (*++argv) { 315 memf = *argv; 316 } 317 } 318#endif 319 /* 320 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad 321 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory. 322 */ 323 if (dropgid) { 324 setgid(getgid()); 325 setuid(getuid()); 326 } 327 328 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 329 if (kd == 0) 330 errx(1, "%s", errbuf); 331 332 if (!_fmt) 333 parsefmt(dfmt, 0); 334 335 /* XXX - should be cleaner */ 336 if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) { 337 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL) 338 errx(1, "malloc failed"); 339 nuids = 1; 340 *uids = getuid(); 341 } 342 343 /* 344 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed, 345 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate. 346 */ 347 scanvars(); 348 /* 349 * get proc list 350 */ 351 if (nuids == 1) { 352 what = KERN_PROC_UID; 353 flag = *uids; 354 } else if (ttydev != NODEV) { 355 what = KERN_PROC_TTY; 356 flag = ttydev; 357 } else if (pid != -1) { 358 what = KERN_PROC_PID; 359 flag = pid; 360 } else if (showthreads == 1) { 361 what = KERN_PROC_ALL; 362 flag = 0; 363 } else { 364 what = KERN_PROC_PROC; 365 flag = 0; 366 } 367 /* 368 * select procs 369 */ 370 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == 0 || nentries < 0) 371 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd)); 372 if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL) 373 errx(1, "malloc failed"); 374 for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) { 375 kinfo[i].ki_p = kp; 376 if (needuser) 377 saveuser(&kinfo[i]); 378 dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]); 379 } 380 381 sizevars(); 382 383 /* 384 * print header 385 */ 386 printheader(); 387 if (nentries == 0) 388 exit(1); 389 /* 390 * sort proc list 391 */ 392 qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp); 393 /* 394 * for each proc, call each variable output function. 395 */ 396 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) { 397 if (xflg == 0 && ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_tdev == NODEV || 398 ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_flag & P_CONTROLT ) == 0)) 399 continue; 400 if (nuids > 1) { 401 for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++) 402 if ((&kinfo[i])->ki_p->ki_uid == uids[uid]) 403 break; 404 if (uid == nuids) 405 continue; 406 } 407 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 408 (vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent); 409 if (vent->next != NULL) 410 (void)putchar(' '); 411 } 412 (void)putchar('\n'); 413 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) { 414 (void)putchar('\n'); 415 printheader(); 416 lineno = 0; 417 } 418 } 419 free(uids); 420 421 exit(eval); 422} 423 424uid_t * 425getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids) 426{ 427 char name[MAXLOGNAME]; 428 struct passwd *pwd; 429 uid_t *uids, *moreuids; 430 int alloc; 431 size_t l; 432 433 434 alloc = 0; 435 *nuids = 0; 436 uids = NULL; 437 for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) { 438 if (l >= sizeof name) { 439 warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg); 440 continue; 441 } 442 strncpy(name, arg, l); 443 name[l] = '\0'; 444 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) { 445 warnx("%s: no such user", name); 446 continue; 447 } 448 if (*nuids >= alloc) { 449 alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1; 450 moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids)); 451 if (moreuids == NULL) { 452 free(uids); 453 errx(1, "realloc failed"); 454 } 455 uids = moreuids; 456 } 457 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid; 458 } 459 endpwent(); 460 461 if (!*nuids) 462 errx(1, "No users specified"); 463 464 return uids; 465} 466 467VARENT * 468find_varentry(VAR *v) 469{ 470 struct varent *vent; 471 472 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 473 if (strcmp(vent->var->name, v->name) == 0) 474 return vent; 475 } 476 return NULL; 477} 478 479static void 480scanvars(void) 481{ 482 struct varent *vent; 483 VAR *v; 484 485 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 486 v = vent->var; 487 if (v->flag & DSIZ) { 488 v->dwidth = v->width; 489 v->width = 0; 490 } 491 if (v->flag & USER) 492 needuser = 1; 493 if (v->flag & COMM) 494 needcomm = 1; 495 } 496} 497 498static void 499dynsizevars(KINFO *ki) 500{ 501 struct varent *vent; 502 VAR *v; 503 int i; 504 505 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 506 v = vent->var; 507 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ)) 508 continue; 509 i = (v->sproc)( ki); 510 if (v->width < i) 511 v->width = i; 512 if (v->width > v->dwidth) 513 v->width = v->dwidth; 514 } 515} 516 517static void 518sizevars(void) 519{ 520 struct varent *vent; 521 VAR *v; 522 int i; 523 524 for (vent = vhead; vent; vent = vent->next) { 525 v = vent->var; 526 i = strlen(vent->header); 527 if (v->width < i) 528 v->width = i; 529 totwidth += v->width + 1; /* +1 for space */ 530 } 531 totwidth--; 532} 533 534static const char * 535fmt(char **(*fn)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, 536 char *comm, int maxlen) 537{ 538 const char *s; 539 540 s = fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_p, termwidth), comm, maxlen); 541 return (s); 542} 543 544#define UREADOK(ki) (forceuread || (ki->ki_p->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM)) 545 546static void 547saveuser(KINFO *ki) 548{ 549 550 if (ki->ki_p->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM) { 551 /* 552 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get 553 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap. 554 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just 555 * leave them 0. 556 */ 557 ki->ki_valid = 1; 558 } else 559 ki->ki_valid = 0; 560 /* 561 * save arguments if needed 562 */ 563 if (needcomm && (UREADOK(ki) || (ki->ki_p->ki_args != NULL))) { 564 ki->ki_args = strdup(fmt(kvm_getargv, ki, ki->ki_p->ki_comm, 565 MAXCOMLEN)); 566 } else if (needcomm) { 567 asprintf(&ki->ki_args, "(%s)", ki->ki_p->ki_comm); 568 } else { 569 ki->ki_args = NULL; 570 } 571 if (needenv && UREADOK(ki)) { 572 ki->ki_env = strdup(fmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, (char *)NULL, 0)); 573 } else if (needenv) { 574 ki->ki_env = malloc(3); 575 strcpy(ki->ki_env, "()"); 576 } else { 577 ki->ki_env = NULL; 578 } 579} 580 581static int 582pscomp(const void *a, const void *b) 583{ 584 int i; 585#define VSIZE(k) ((k)->ki_p->ki_dsize + (k)->ki_p->ki_ssize + \ 586 (k)->ki_p->ki_tsize) 587 588 if (sortby == SORTCPU) 589 return (getpcpu((const KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((const KINFO *)a)); 590 if (sortby == SORTMEM) 591 return (VSIZE((const KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((const KINFO *)a)); 592 i = (int)((const KINFO *)a)->ki_p->ki_tdev - (int)((const KINFO *)b)->ki_p->ki_tdev; 593 if (i == 0) 594 i = ((const KINFO *)a)->ki_p->ki_pid - ((const KINFO *)b)->ki_p->ki_pid; 595 return (i); 596} 597 598/* 599 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness 600 * here than taint the main code. 601 * 602 * ps foo -> ps -foo 603 * ps 34 -> ps -p34 604 * 605 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users 606 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same 607 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument. 608 */ 609static char * 610kludge_oldps_options(char *s) 611{ 612 int have_fmt; 613 size_t len; 614 char *newopts, *ns, *cp; 615 616 /* 617 * If we have an 'o' option, then note it, since we don't want to do 618 * some types of munging. 619 */ 620 have_fmt = index(s, 'o') != NULL; 621 622 len = strlen(s); 623 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL) 624 errx(1, "malloc failed"); 625 /* 626 * options begin with '-' 627 */ 628 if (*s != '-') 629 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */ 630 /* 631 * gaze to end of argv[1] 632 */ 633 cp = s + len - 1; 634 /* 635 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context 636 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' -- 637 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)). 638 * 639 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the 640 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to 641 * that flag; do not modify that argument. 642 */ 643 if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-') 644 *cp = 'T'; 645 else { 646 /* 647 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a 648 * pid. 649 */ 650 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp)) 651 --cp; 652 } 653 cp++; 654 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */ 655 ns += cp - s; 656 /* 657 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or 658 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag. 659 */ 660 if (isdigit(*cp) && 661 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) && 662 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't') && !have_fmt) 663 *ns++ = 'p'; 664 (void)strcpy(ns, cp); /* and append the number */ 665 666 return (newopts); 667} 668 669static void 670usage(void) 671{ 672 673 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n", 674 "usage: ps [-aCHhjlmrSTuvwxZ] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]", 675 " [-M core] [-N system]", 676 " ps [-L]"); 677 exit(1); 678} 679