cp.c revision 87655
1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37#ifndef lint 38static char const copyright[] = 39"@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994\n\ 40 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 41#endif /* not lint */ 42 43#ifndef lint 44#if 0 45static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94"; 46#endif 47static const char rcsid[] = 48 "$FreeBSD: head/bin/cp/cp.c 87655 2001-12-11 13:18:10Z mckay $"; 49#endif /* not lint */ 50 51/* 52 * Cp copies source files to target files. 53 * 54 * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the 55 * current target file. Since fts(3) does not change directories, 56 * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative. 57 * 58 * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse 59 * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list. A trivial case is the 60 * case of 'cp file1 file2'. The more interesting case is the case of 61 * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the 62 * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored 63 * in "to") to form the final target path. 64 */ 65 66#include <sys/param.h> 67#include <sys/stat.h> 68 69#include <err.h> 70#include <errno.h> 71#include <fts.h> 72#include <limits.h> 73#include <stdio.h> 74#include <stdlib.h> 75#include <string.h> 76#include <unistd.h> 77 78#include "extern.h" 79 80#define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) { \ 81 while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/') \ 82 *--(p).p_end = 0; \ 83} 84 85PATH_T to = { to.p_path, "", "" }; 86 87int Rflag, iflag, pflag, rflag, fflag, vflag; 88 89enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE }; 90 91int copy __P((char *[], enum op, int)); 92int mastercmp __P((const FTSENT **, const FTSENT **)); 93 94int 95main(argc, argv) 96 int argc; 97 char *argv[]; 98{ 99 struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat; 100 enum op type; 101 int Hflag, Lflag, Pflag, ch, fts_options, r; 102 char *target; 103 104 Hflag = Lflag = Pflag = 0; 105 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLPRfiprv")) != -1) 106 switch (ch) { 107 case 'H': 108 Hflag = 1; 109 Lflag = Pflag = 0; 110 break; 111 case 'L': 112 Lflag = 1; 113 Hflag = Pflag = 0; 114 break; 115 case 'P': 116 Pflag = 1; 117 Hflag = Lflag = 0; 118 break; 119 case 'R': 120 Rflag = 1; 121 break; 122 case 'f': 123 fflag = 1; 124 iflag = 0; 125 break; 126 case 'i': 127 iflag = 1; 128 fflag = 0; 129 break; 130 case 'p': 131 pflag = 1; 132 break; 133 case 'r': 134 rflag = 1; 135 break; 136 case 'v': 137 vflag = 1; 138 break; 139 default: 140 usage(); 141 break; 142 } 143 argc -= optind; 144 argv += optind; 145 146 if (argc < 2) 147 usage(); 148 149 fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL; 150 if (rflag) { 151 if (Rflag) 152 errx(1, 153 "the -R and -r options may not be specified together."); 154 if (Hflag || Lflag || Pflag) 155 errx(1, 156 "the -H, -L, and -P options may not be specified with the -r option."); 157 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 158 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 159 } 160 if (Rflag) { 161 if (Hflag) 162 fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW; 163 if (Lflag) { 164 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 165 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 166 } 167 } else { 168 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL; 169 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL; 170 } 171 172 /* Save the target base in "to". */ 173 target = argv[--argc]; 174 if (strlcpy(to.p_path, target, sizeof(to.p_path)) >= sizeof(to.p_path)) 175 errx(1, "%s: name too long", target); 176 to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path); 177 if (to.p_path == to.p_end) { 178 *to.p_end++ = '.'; 179 *to.p_end = 0; 180 } 181 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to); 182 to.target_end = to.p_end; 183 184 /* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */ 185 argv[argc] = NULL; 186 187 /* 188 * Cp has two distinct cases: 189 * 190 * cp [-R] source target 191 * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory 192 * 193 * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory. 194 * 195 * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the 196 * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for 197 * directories. 198 * 199 * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source". 200 */ 201 r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat); 202 if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT) 203 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 204 if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 205 /* 206 * Case (1). Target is not a directory. 207 */ 208 if (argc > 1) { 209 usage(); 210 exit(1); 211 } 212 /* 213 * Need to detect the case: 214 * cp -R dir foo 215 * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where 216 * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for 217 * the initial mkdir(). 218 */ 219 if (r == -1) { 220 if (rflag || (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag))) 221 stat(*argv, &tmp_stat); 222 else 223 lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat); 224 225 if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && (Rflag || rflag)) 226 type = DIR_TO_DNE; 227 else 228 type = FILE_TO_FILE; 229 } else 230 type = FILE_TO_FILE; 231 } else 232 /* 233 * Case (2). Target is a directory. 234 */ 235 type = FILE_TO_DIR; 236 237 exit (copy(argv, type, fts_options)); 238} 239 240int 241copy(argv, type, fts_options) 242 char *argv[]; 243 enum op type; 244 int fts_options; 245{ 246 struct stat to_stat; 247 FTS *ftsp; 248 FTSENT *curr; 249 int base = 0, dne, badcp, nlen, rval; 250 char *p, *target_mid; 251 mode_t mask; 252 253 /* 254 * Keep an inverted copy of the umask, for use in correcting 255 * permissions on created directories when not using -p. 256 */ 257 mask = ~umask(0777); 258 umask(~mask); 259 260 if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, mastercmp)) == NULL) 261 err(1, NULL); 262 for (badcp = rval = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL; badcp = 0) { 263 switch (curr->fts_info) { 264 case FTS_NS: 265 case FTS_DNR: 266 case FTS_ERR: 267 warnx("%s: %s", 268 curr->fts_path, strerror(curr->fts_errno)); 269 badcp = rval = 1; 270 continue; 271 case FTS_DC: /* Warn, continue. */ 272 warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path); 273 badcp = rval = 1; 274 continue; 275 } 276 277 /* 278 * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the 279 * source name to the target name. 280 */ 281 if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) { 282 /* 283 * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create 284 * correct pathnames. If there's a directory being 285 * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g. 286 * cp -R a/dir noexist 287 * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not 288 * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which 289 * is the case where the target exists. 290 * 291 * Also, check for "..". This is for correct path 292 * concatenation for paths ending in "..", e.g. 293 * cp -R .. /tmp 294 * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".". This is 295 * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem. 296 * 297 * XXX 298 * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base 299 * is always initialized. 300 */ 301 if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) { 302 if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) { 303 p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/'); 304 base = (p == NULL) ? 0 : 305 (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1); 306 307 if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base], 308 "..")) 309 base += 1; 310 } else 311 base = curr->fts_pathlen; 312 } 313 314 p = &curr->fts_path[base]; 315 nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base; 316 target_mid = to.target_end; 317 if (*p != '/' && target_mid[-1] != '/') 318 *target_mid++ = '/'; 319 *target_mid = 0; 320 if (target_mid - to.p_path + nlen >= PATH_MAX) { 321 warnx("%s%s: name too long (not copied)", 322 to.p_path, p); 323 badcp = rval = 1; 324 continue; 325 } 326 (void)strncat(target_mid, p, nlen); 327 to.p_end = target_mid + nlen; 328 *to.p_end = 0; 329 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to); 330 } 331 332 if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) { 333 /* 334 * We are finished copying to this directory. If 335 * -p is in effect, set permissions and timestamps. 336 * Otherwise, if we created this directory, set the 337 * correct permissions, limited by the umask. 338 */ 339 if (pflag) 340 rval = setfile(curr->fts_statp, 0); 341 else if (curr->fts_number) { 342 mode_t perm = curr->fts_statp->st_mode & mask; 343 if (chmod(to.p_path, perm)) { 344 warn("chmod: %s", to.p_path); 345 rval = 1; 346 } 347 } 348 continue; 349 } 350 351 /* Not an error but need to remember it happened */ 352 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1) 353 dne = 1; 354 else { 355 if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev && 356 to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) { 357 warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).", 358 to.p_path, curr->fts_path); 359 badcp = rval = 1; 360 if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode)) 361 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP); 362 continue; 363 } 364 if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) && 365 S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 366 warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with non-directory %s", 367 to.p_path, curr->fts_path); 368 badcp = rval = 1; 369 continue; 370 } 371 dne = 0; 372 } 373 374 switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) { 375 case S_IFLNK: 376 if (copy_link(curr, !dne)) 377 badcp = rval = 1; 378 break; 379 case S_IFDIR: 380 if (!Rflag && !rflag) { 381 warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).", 382 curr->fts_path); 383 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP); 384 badcp = rval = 1; 385 break; 386 } 387 /* 388 * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new 389 * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits, 390 * modified by the umask. Trade-off between being 391 * able to write the directory (if from directory is 392 * 555) and not causing a permissions race. If the 393 * umask blocks owner writes, we fail.. 394 */ 395 if (dne) { 396 if (mkdir(to.p_path, 397 curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0) 398 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 399 } else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) { 400 errno = ENOTDIR; 401 err(1, "%s", to.p_path); 402 } 403 /* 404 * Arrange to correct directory permissions later 405 * (in the post-order phase) if this is a new 406 * directory and the permissions aren't the final 407 * ones we want yet. Note that mkdir() does not 408 * honour setuid, setgid nor sticky bits, but we 409 * normally want to preserve them on directories. 410 */ 411 { 412 mode_t mode = curr->fts_statp->st_mode; 413 curr->fts_number = dne && 414 ((mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_ISTXT)) || 415 ((mode | S_IRWXU) & mask) != (mode & mask)); 416 } 417 break; 418 case S_IFBLK: 419 case S_IFCHR: 420 if (Rflag) { 421 if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne)) 422 badcp = rval = 1; 423 } else { 424 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 425 badcp = rval = 1; 426 } 427 break; 428 case S_IFIFO: 429 if (Rflag) { 430 if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne)) 431 badcp = rval = 1; 432 } else { 433 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 434 badcp = rval = 1; 435 } 436 break; 437 default: 438 if (copy_file(curr, dne)) 439 badcp = rval = 1; 440 break; 441 } 442 if (vflag && !badcp) 443 (void)printf("%s -> %s\n", curr->fts_path, to.p_path); 444 } 445 if (errno) 446 err(1, "fts_read"); 447 return (rval); 448} 449 450/* 451 * mastercmp -- 452 * The comparison function for the copy order. The order is to copy 453 * non-directory files before directory files. The reason for this 454 * is because files tend to be in the same cylinder group as their 455 * parent directory, whereas directories tend not to be. Copying the 456 * files first reduces seeking. 457 */ 458int 459mastercmp(a, b) 460 const FTSENT **a, **b; 461{ 462 int a_info, b_info; 463 464 a_info = (*a)->fts_info; 465 if (a_info == FTS_ERR || a_info == FTS_NS || a_info == FTS_DNR) 466 return (0); 467 b_info = (*b)->fts_info; 468 if (b_info == FTS_ERR || b_info == FTS_NS || b_info == FTS_DNR) 469 return (0); 470 if (a_info == FTS_D) 471 return (-1); 472 if (b_info == FTS_D) 473 return (1); 474 return (0); 475} 476