11558Srgrimes/* 298542Smckusick * Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc. 398542Smckusick * All rights reserved. 498542Smckusick * 598542Smckusick * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall 698542Smckusick * Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security 798542Smckusick * Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR 898542Smckusick * contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS 9110884Smckusick * research program. 1098542Smckusick * 111558Srgrimes * Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 121558Srgrimes * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 131558Srgrimes * 141558Srgrimes * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 151558Srgrimes * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 161558Srgrimes * are met: 171558Srgrimes * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 181558Srgrimes * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 191558Srgrimes * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 201558Srgrimes * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 211558Srgrimes * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 221558Srgrimes * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 231558Srgrimes * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 241558Srgrimes * without specific prior written permission. 251558Srgrimes * 261558Srgrimes * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 271558Srgrimes * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 281558Srgrimes * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 291558Srgrimes * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 301558Srgrimes * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 311558Srgrimes * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 321558Srgrimes * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 331558Srgrimes * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 341558Srgrimes * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 351558Srgrimes * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 361558Srgrimes * SUCH DAMAGE. 371558Srgrimes */ 381558Srgrimes 39114589Sobrien#if 0 401558Srgrimes#ifndef lint 4123682Speterstatic char sccsid[] = "@(#)mkfs.c 8.11 (Berkeley) 5/3/95"; 42114589Sobrien#endif /* not lint */ 4337664Scharnier#endif 44114589Sobrien#include <sys/cdefs.h> 45114589Sobrien__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: stable/10/sbin/newfs/mkfs.c 322860 2017-08-24 21:44:23Z mckusick $"); 461558Srgrimes 47217769Smckusick#include <sys/param.h> 48217769Smckusick#include <sys/disklabel.h> 49217769Smckusick#include <sys/file.h> 50217769Smckusick#include <sys/ioctl.h> 51217769Smckusick#include <sys/mman.h> 52217769Smckusick#include <sys/resource.h> 53217769Smckusick#include <sys/stat.h> 54217769Smckusick#include <sys/wait.h> 5537664Scharnier#include <err.h> 56122037Smckusick#include <grp.h> 57103949Smike#include <limits.h> 5837664Scharnier#include <signal.h> 5992709Siedowse#include <stdlib.h> 6037664Scharnier#include <string.h> 6199796Sbde#include <stdint.h> 6237664Scharnier#include <stdio.h> 63217769Smckusick#include <time.h> 641558Srgrimes#include <unistd.h> 651558Srgrimes#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 661558Srgrimes#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h> 671558Srgrimes#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 6892717Sphk#include "newfs.h" 691558Srgrimes 701558Srgrimes/* 71102231Strhodes * make file system for cylinder-group style file systems 721558Srgrimes */ 731558Srgrimes#define UMASK 0755 741558Srgrimes#define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 751558Srgrimes 7692717Sphkstatic struct csum *fscs; 77110671Sjmallett#define sblock disk.d_fs 78110671Sjmallett#define acg disk.d_cg 791558Srgrimes 8098542Smckusickunion dinode { 8198542Smckusick struct ufs1_dinode dp1; 8298542Smckusick struct ufs2_dinode dp2; 8398542Smckusick}; 8498542Smckusick#define DIP(dp, field) \ 8598542Smckusick ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) ? \ 8698542Smckusick (dp)->dp1.field : (dp)->dp2.field) 871558Srgrimes 8898542Smckusickstatic caddr_t iobuf; 8998542Smckusickstatic long iobufsize; 9098542Smckusickstatic ufs2_daddr_t alloc(int size, int mode); 9192717Sphkstatic int charsperline(void); 9293775Sbdestatic void clrblock(struct fs *, unsigned char *, int); 9393775Sbdestatic void fsinit(time_t); 9492712Siedowsestatic int ilog2(int); 9593775Sbdestatic void initcg(int, time_t); 9693775Sbdestatic int isblock(struct fs *, unsigned char *, int); 9798542Smckusickstatic void iput(union dinode *, ino_t); 9893775Sbdestatic int makedir(struct direct *, int); 9993775Sbdestatic void setblock(struct fs *, unsigned char *, int); 10098542Smckusickstatic void wtfs(ufs2_daddr_t, int, char *); 101111268Smckusickstatic u_int32_t newfs_random(void); 1021558Srgrimes 103188520Scognetstatic int 104188520Scognetdo_sbwrite(struct uufsd *disk) 105188520Scognet{ 106188520Scognet if (!disk->d_sblock) 107188520Scognet disk->d_sblock = disk->d_fs.fs_sblockloc / disk->d_bsize; 108188520Scognet return (pwrite(disk->d_fd, &disk->d_fs, SBLOCKSIZE, (off_t)((part_ofs + 109188520Scognet disk->d_sblock) * disk->d_bsize))); 110188520Scognet} 111188520Scognet 11237664Scharniervoid 11395357Sphkmkfs(struct partition *pp, char *fsys) 1141558Srgrimes{ 11598542Smckusick int fragsperinode, optimalfpg, origdensity, minfpg, lastminfpg; 116203784Smckusick long i, j, csfrags; 117203784Smckusick uint cg; 1181558Srgrimes time_t utime; 1191558Srgrimes quad_t sizepb; 12013769Sjoerg int width; 121203764Smckusick ino_t maxinum; 122203764Smckusick int minfragsperinode; /* minimum ratio of frags to inodes */ 12313769Sjoerg char tmpbuf[100]; /* XXX this will break in about 2,500 years */ 124322860Smckusick struct fsrecovery fsr; 125115235Sdougb union { 126115235Sdougb struct fs fdummy; 127115235Sdougb char cdummy[SBLOCKSIZE]; 128115235Sdougb } dummy; 129115235Sdougb#define fsdummy dummy.fdummy 130115235Sdougb#define chdummy dummy.cdummy 1311558Srgrimes 132110671Sjmallett /* 133110671Sjmallett * Our blocks == sector size, and the version of UFS we are using is 134110671Sjmallett * specified by Oflag. 135110671Sjmallett */ 136110671Sjmallett disk.d_bsize = sectorsize; 137110671Sjmallett disk.d_ufs = Oflag; 138111268Smckusick if (Rflag) { 13992722Sphk utime = 1000000000; 140111268Smckusick } else { 14192722Sphk time(&utime); 142110885Smckusick arc4random_stir(); 14324215Sache } 144107294Smckusick sblock.fs_old_flags = FS_FLAGS_UPDATED; 14598542Smckusick sblock.fs_flags = 0; 14675124Sbde if (Uflag) 14775078Sobrien sblock.fs_flags |= FS_DOSOFTDEP; 148110174Sgordon if (Lflag) 149110174Sgordon strlcpy(sblock.fs_volname, volumelabel, MAXVOLLEN); 150163842Spjd if (Jflag) 151163842Spjd sblock.fs_flags |= FS_GJOURNAL; 152126254Srwatson if (lflag) 153126254Srwatson sblock.fs_flags |= FS_MULTILABEL; 154216798Skib if (tflag) 155216798Skib sblock.fs_flags |= FS_TRIM; 1561558Srgrimes /* 157102231Strhodes * Validate the given file system size. 1581558Srgrimes * Verify that its last block can actually be accessed. 159102231Strhodes * Convert to file system fragment sized units. 1601558Srgrimes */ 16198542Smckusick if (fssize <= 0) { 16299796Sbde printf("preposterous size %jd\n", (intmax_t)fssize); 16398542Smckusick exit(13); 16498542Smckusick } 16520061Ssos wtfs(fssize - (realsectorsize / DEV_BSIZE), realsectorsize, 16692532Sbde (char *)&sblock); 1671558Srgrimes /* 168102231Strhodes * collect and verify the file system density info 16975377Smckusick */ 17075377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfilesize = avgfilesize; 17175377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfpdir = avgfilesperdir; 17275377Smckusick if (sblock.fs_avgfilesize <= 0) 17375377Smckusick printf("illegal expected average file size %d\n", 17475377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfilesize), exit(14); 17575377Smckusick if (sblock.fs_avgfpdir <= 0) 17675377Smckusick printf("illegal expected number of files per directory %d\n", 17775377Smckusick sblock.fs_avgfpdir), exit(15); 178203764Smckusick 179203764Smckusickrestart: 18075377Smckusick /* 1811558Srgrimes * collect and verify the block and fragment sizes 1821558Srgrimes */ 1831558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize = bsize; 1841558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fsize = fsize; 1851558Srgrimes if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_bsize)) { 1861558Srgrimes printf("block size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 1871558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize); 1881558Srgrimes exit(16); 1891558Srgrimes } 1901558Srgrimes if (!POWEROF2(sblock.fs_fsize)) { 1911558Srgrimes printf("fragment size must be a power of 2, not %d\n", 1921558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fsize); 1931558Srgrimes exit(17); 1941558Srgrimes } 1951558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_fsize < sectorsize) { 196204919Ssobomax printf("increasing fragment size from %d to sector size (%d)\n", 197204919Ssobomax sblock.fs_fsize, sectorsize); 19893737Sphk sblock.fs_fsize = sectorsize; 1991558Srgrimes } 200107412Smckusick if (sblock.fs_bsize > MAXBSIZE) { 201107412Smckusick printf("decreasing block size from %d to maximum (%d)\n", 202107412Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize, MAXBSIZE); 203107412Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize = MAXBSIZE; 204107412Smckusick } 2051558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_bsize < MINBSIZE) { 20693737Sphk printf("increasing block size from %d to minimum (%d)\n", 2071558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize, MINBSIZE); 20893737Sphk sblock.fs_bsize = MINBSIZE; 2091558Srgrimes } 210107412Smckusick if (sblock.fs_fsize > MAXBSIZE) { 211107412Smckusick printf("decreasing fragment size from %d to maximum (%d)\n", 212107412Smckusick sblock.fs_fsize, MAXBSIZE); 213107412Smckusick sblock.fs_fsize = MAXBSIZE; 214107412Smckusick } 2151558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_bsize < sblock.fs_fsize) { 21693775Sbde printf("increasing block size from %d to fragment size (%d)\n", 21792532Sbde sblock.fs_bsize, sblock.fs_fsize); 21893737Sphk sblock.fs_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 2191558Srgrimes } 22093737Sphk if (sblock.fs_fsize * MAXFRAG < sblock.fs_bsize) { 22193775Sbde printf( 22293775Sbde "increasing fragment size from %d to block size / %d (%d)\n", 22393737Sphk sblock.fs_fsize, MAXFRAG, sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG); 22493737Sphk sblock.fs_fsize = sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG; 22593737Sphk } 226203764Smckusick if (maxbsize == 0) 227203764Smckusick maxbsize = bsize; 22898542Smckusick if (maxbsize < bsize || !POWEROF2(maxbsize)) { 22998542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 23098542Smckusick printf("Extent size set to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 23198542Smckusick } else if (sblock.fs_maxbsize > FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize) { 23298542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbsize = FS_MAXCONTIG * sblock.fs_bsize; 23398542Smckusick printf("Extent size reduced to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 23498542Smckusick } else { 23598542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbsize = maxbsize; 23698542Smckusick } 237203764Smckusick /* 238203764Smckusick * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks 239203764Smckusick * that may be allocated sequentially. With file system clustering 240203764Smckusick * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum 241203764Smckusick * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering. 242203764Smckusick */ 243203764Smckusick if (maxcontig == 0) 244203764Smckusick maxcontig = MAX(1, MAXPHYS / bsize); 24598542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxcontig = maxcontig; 24698542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_maxcontig < sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize) { 24798542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxcontig = sblock.fs_maxbsize / sblock.fs_bsize; 24898542Smckusick printf("Maxcontig raised to %d\n", sblock.fs_maxbsize); 24998542Smckusick } 25098542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_maxcontig > 1) 25198542Smckusick sblock.fs_contigsumsize = MIN(sblock.fs_maxcontig,FS_MAXCONTIG); 2521558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bmask = ~(sblock.fs_bsize - 1); 2531558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fmask = ~(sblock.fs_fsize - 1); 2541558Srgrimes sblock.fs_qbmask = ~sblock.fs_bmask; 2551558Srgrimes sblock.fs_qfmask = ~sblock.fs_fmask; 25692712Siedowse sblock.fs_bshift = ilog2(sblock.fs_bsize); 25792712Siedowse sblock.fs_fshift = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize); 2581558Srgrimes sblock.fs_frag = numfrags(&sblock, sblock.fs_bsize); 25992712Siedowse sblock.fs_fragshift = ilog2(sblock.fs_frag); 2601558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_frag > MAXFRAG) { 26193775Sbde printf("fragment size %d is still too small (can't happen)\n", 2621558Srgrimes sblock.fs_bsize / MAXFRAG); 2631558Srgrimes exit(21); 2641558Srgrimes } 26598542Smckusick sblock.fs_fsbtodb = ilog2(sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize); 26698542Smckusick sblock.fs_size = fssize = dbtofsb(&sblock, fssize); 267242379Strasz sblock.fs_providersize = dbtofsb(&sblock, mediasize / sectorsize); 268134011Sjhb 269134011Sjhb /* 270134011Sjhb * Before the filesystem is finally initialized, mark it 271134011Sjhb * as incompletely initialized. 272134011Sjhb */ 273134011Sjhb sblock.fs_magic = FS_BAD_MAGIC; 274134011Sjhb 27598542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 276107294Smckusick sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1; 27798542Smckusick sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t); 27898542Smckusick sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs1_dinode); 27998542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 28098542Smckusick sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t)); 28198542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT; 28298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cgoffset = 0; 28398542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff; 28498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_size = sblock.fs_size; 28598542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_rotdelay = 0; 28698542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_rps = 60; 28798542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_nspf = sblock.fs_fsize / sectorsize; 28898542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpg = 1; 28998542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_interleave = 1; 29098542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_trackskew = 0; 29198542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpc = 0; 29298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_postblformat = 1; 29398542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_nrpos = 1; 29498542Smckusick } else { 295107294Smckusick sblock.fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS2; 29698542Smckusick sblock.fs_nindir = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t); 29798542Smckusick sblock.fs_inopb = sblock.fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ufs2_dinode); 29898542Smckusick sblock.fs_maxsymlinklen = ((NDADDR + NIADDR) * 29998542Smckusick sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t)); 30098542Smckusick } 3011558Srgrimes sblock.fs_sblkno = 302107294Smckusick roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_sblockloc + SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), 303107294Smckusick sblock.fs_frag); 30498542Smckusick sblock.fs_cblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno + 30598542Smckusick roundup(howmany(SBLOCKSIZE, sblock.fs_fsize), sblock.fs_frag); 3061558Srgrimes sblock.fs_iblkno = sblock.fs_cblkno + sblock.fs_frag; 3071558Srgrimes sblock.fs_maxfilesize = sblock.fs_bsize * NDADDR - 1; 3081558Srgrimes for (sizepb = sblock.fs_bsize, i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++) { 3091558Srgrimes sizepb *= NINDIR(&sblock); 3101558Srgrimes sblock.fs_maxfilesize += sizepb; 3111558Srgrimes } 312142119Sdelphij 3131558Srgrimes /* 314142119Sdelphij * It's impossible to create a snapshot in case that fs_maxfilesize 315142119Sdelphij * is smaller than the fssize. 316142119Sdelphij */ 317142119Sdelphij if (sblock.fs_maxfilesize < (u_quad_t)fssize) { 318142119Sdelphij warnx("WARNING: You will be unable to create snapshots on this " 319142119Sdelphij "file system. Correct by using a larger blocksize."); 320142119Sdelphij } 321142119Sdelphij 322142119Sdelphij /* 32398542Smckusick * Calculate the number of blocks to put into each cylinder group. 32498542Smckusick * 32598542Smckusick * This algorithm selects the number of blocks per cylinder 32698542Smckusick * group. The first goal is to have at least enough data blocks 32798542Smckusick * in each cylinder group to meet the density requirement. Once 32898542Smckusick * this goal is achieved we try to expand to have at least 32998542Smckusick * MINCYLGRPS cylinder groups. Once this goal is achieved, we 33098542Smckusick * pack as many blocks into each cylinder group map as will fit. 33198542Smckusick * 33298542Smckusick * We start by calculating the smallest number of blocks that we 33398542Smckusick * can put into each cylinder group. If this is too big, we reduce 33498542Smckusick * the density until it fits. 3351558Srgrimes */ 336203764Smckusick maxinum = (((int64_t)(1)) << 32) - INOPB(&sblock); 337203764Smckusick minfragsperinode = 1 + fssize / maxinum; 338203764Smckusick if (density == 0) { 339203764Smckusick density = MAX(NFPI, minfragsperinode) * fsize; 340203764Smckusick } else if (density < minfragsperinode * fsize) { 341203764Smckusick origdensity = density; 342203764Smckusick density = minfragsperinode * fsize; 343204919Ssobomax fprintf(stderr, "density increased from %d to %d\n", 344204919Ssobomax origdensity, density); 345203764Smckusick } 34698542Smckusick origdensity = density; 34798542Smckusick for (;;) { 348107412Smckusick fragsperinode = MAX(numfrags(&sblock, density), 1); 349203764Smckusick if (fragsperinode < minfragsperinode) { 350203764Smckusick bsize <<= 1; 351203764Smckusick fsize <<= 1; 352204919Ssobomax printf("Block size too small for a file system %s %d\n", 353204919Ssobomax "of this size. Increasing blocksize to", bsize); 354203764Smckusick goto restart; 355203764Smckusick } 35698542Smckusick minfpg = fragsperinode * INOPB(&sblock); 35798542Smckusick if (minfpg > sblock.fs_size) 35898542Smckusick minfpg = sblock.fs_size; 35998542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = INOPB(&sblock); 36098542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 36198542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 36298542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 36398542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 36498542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 36598542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 36698542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 36798542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 36898542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_fpg < minfpg) 36998542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg = minfpg; 37098542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 37198542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 37298542Smckusick if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 37398542Smckusick break; 37498542Smckusick density -= sblock.fs_fsize; 3751558Srgrimes } 37698542Smckusick if (density != origdensity) 377204919Ssobomax printf("density reduced from %d to %d\n", origdensity, density); 3781558Srgrimes /* 37998542Smckusick * Start packing more blocks into the cylinder group until 38098542Smckusick * it cannot grow any larger, the number of cylinder groups 38198542Smckusick * drops below MINCYLGRPS, or we reach the size requested. 382213119Smckusick * For UFS1 inodes per cylinder group are stored in an int16_t 383213119Smckusick * so fs_ipg is limited to 2^15 - 1. 3841558Srgrimes */ 38598542Smckusick for ( ; sblock.fs_fpg < maxblkspercg; sblock.fs_fpg += sblock.fs_frag) { 38698542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 38798542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 388213119Smckusick if (Oflag > 1 || (Oflag == 1 && sblock.fs_ipg <= 0x7fff)) { 389213119Smckusick if (sblock.fs_size / sblock.fs_fpg < MINCYLGRPS) 390213119Smckusick break; 391213119Smckusick if (CGSIZE(&sblock) < (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 392213119Smckusick continue; 393213119Smckusick if (CGSIZE(&sblock) == (unsigned long)sblock.fs_bsize) 394213119Smckusick break; 395213119Smckusick } 39698542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 39798542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 39898542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 39998542Smckusick break; 4001558Srgrimes } 4018871Srgrimes /* 40298542Smckusick * Check to be sure that the last cylinder group has enough blocks 40398542Smckusick * to be viable. If it is too small, reduce the number of blocks 40498542Smckusick * per cylinder group which will have the effect of moving more 40598542Smckusick * blocks into the last cylinder group. 4061558Srgrimes */ 40798542Smckusick optimalfpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 40898542Smckusick for (;;) { 40998542Smckusick sblock.fs_ncg = howmany(sblock.fs_size, sblock.fs_fpg); 41098542Smckusick lastminfpg = roundup(sblock.fs_iblkno + 41198542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock), sblock.fs_frag); 41298542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_size < lastminfpg) { 41399796Sbde printf("Filesystem size %jd < minimum size of %d\n", 41499796Sbde (intmax_t)sblock.fs_size, lastminfpg); 41598542Smckusick exit(28); 41698542Smckusick } 41798542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg >= lastminfpg || 41898542Smckusick sblock.fs_size % sblock.fs_fpg == 0) 41998542Smckusick break; 42098542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg -= sblock.fs_frag; 42198542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg = roundup(howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, fragsperinode), 42298542Smckusick INOPB(&sblock)); 4231558Srgrimes } 42498542Smckusick if (optimalfpg != sblock.fs_fpg) 42598542Smckusick printf("Reduced frags per cylinder group from %d to %d %s\n", 42698542Smckusick optimalfpg, sblock.fs_fpg, "to enlarge last cyl group"); 4271558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cgsize = fragroundup(&sblock, CGSIZE(&sblock)); 4281558Srgrimes sblock.fs_dblkno = sblock.fs_iblkno + sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 42998542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 43098542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_spc = sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_old_nspf; 43198542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_nsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 43298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_npsect = sblock.fs_old_spc; 43398542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_ncg; 4341558Srgrimes } 4351558Srgrimes /* 4361558Srgrimes * fill in remaining fields of the super block 4371558Srgrimes */ 4381558Srgrimes sblock.fs_csaddr = cgdmin(&sblock, 0); 4391558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cssize = 4401558Srgrimes fragroundup(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg * sizeof(struct csum)); 4411558Srgrimes fscs = (struct csum *)calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize); 44237664Scharnier if (fscs == NULL) 44337664Scharnier errx(31, "calloc failed"); 44498542Smckusick sblock.fs_sbsize = fragroundup(&sblock, sizeof(struct fs)); 445105423Smckusick if (sblock.fs_sbsize > SBLOCKSIZE) 446105423Smckusick sblock.fs_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE; 4471558Srgrimes sblock.fs_minfree = minfree; 448248623Smckusick if (metaspace > 0 && metaspace < sblock.fs_fpg / 2) 449248623Smckusick sblock.fs_metaspace = blknum(&sblock, metaspace); 450248623Smckusick else if (metaspace != -1) 451248623Smckusick /* reserve half of minfree for metadata blocks */ 452248623Smckusick sblock.fs_metaspace = blknum(&sblock, 453248623Smckusick (sblock.fs_fpg * minfree) / 200); 454203764Smckusick if (maxbpg == 0) 455203764Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(sblock.fs_bsize); 456203764Smckusick else 457203764Smckusick sblock.fs_maxbpg = maxbpg; 4581558Srgrimes sblock.fs_optim = opt; 4591558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cgrotor = 0; 46098542Smckusick sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0; 46198542Smckusick sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0; 4621558Srgrimes sblock.fs_fmod = 0; 4631558Srgrimes sblock.fs_ronly = 0; 46498542Smckusick sblock.fs_state = 0; 4652294Sdg sblock.fs_clean = 1; 46624149Sguido sblock.fs_id[0] = (long)utime; 467111268Smckusick sblock.fs_id[1] = newfs_random(); 46898542Smckusick sblock.fs_fsmnt[0] = '\0'; 46998542Smckusick csfrags = howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 47098542Smckusick sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_size - sblock.fs_sblkno - 47198542Smckusick sblock.fs_ncg * (sblock.fs_dblkno - sblock.fs_sblkno); 47298542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = 47398542Smckusick fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_dsize) - 47498542Smckusick howmany(csfrags, sblock.fs_frag); 47598542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = 47698542Smckusick fragnum(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) + 477107519Smckusick (fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) > 0 ? 478107519Smckusick sblock.fs_frag - fragnum(&sblock, csfrags) : 0); 47998542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg - ROOTINO; 48098542Smckusick sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = 0; 48198542Smckusick sblock.fs_dsize -= csfrags; 48298542Smckusick sblock.fs_time = utime; 48398542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 48498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_time = utime; 48598542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_dsize = sblock.fs_dsize; 48698542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_csaddr = sblock.fs_csaddr; 48798542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 48898542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 48998542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 49098542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 49198542Smckusick } 49224149Sguido 4931558Srgrimes /* 494102231Strhodes * Dump out summary information about file system. 4951558Srgrimes */ 49698542Smckusick# define B2MBFACTOR (1 / (1024.0 * 1024.0)) 49799796Sbde printf("%s: %.1fMB (%jd sectors) block size %d, fragment size %d\n", 49898542Smckusick fsys, (float)sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 49999796Sbde (intmax_t)fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size), sblock.fs_bsize, 50099796Sbde sblock.fs_fsize); 50198542Smckusick printf("\tusing %d cylinder groups of %.2fMB, %d blks, %d inodes.\n", 50298542Smckusick sblock.fs_ncg, (float)sblock.fs_fpg * sblock.fs_fsize * B2MBFACTOR, 50398542Smckusick sblock.fs_fpg / sblock.fs_frag, sblock.fs_ipg); 50498542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 50598542Smckusick printf("\twith soft updates\n"); 50698542Smckusick# undef B2MBFACTOR 507115235Sdougb 508174675Sphk if (Eflag && !Nflag) { 509174676Sphk printf("Erasing sectors [%jd...%jd]\n", 510174675Sphk sblock.fs_sblockloc / disk.d_bsize, 511174676Sphk fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_size) - 1); 512174675Sphk berase(&disk, sblock.fs_sblockloc / disk.d_bsize, 513174675Sphk sblock.fs_size * sblock.fs_fsize - sblock.fs_sblockloc); 514174675Sphk } 5151558Srgrimes /* 516115235Sdougb * Wipe out old UFS1 superblock(s) if necessary. 517115235Sdougb */ 518115235Sdougb if (!Nflag && Oflag != 1) { 519185588Sluigi i = bread(&disk, part_ofs + SBLOCK_UFS1 / disk.d_bsize, chdummy, SBLOCKSIZE); 520115235Sdougb if (i == -1) 521115235Sdougb err(1, "can't read old UFS1 superblock: %s", disk.d_error); 522115235Sdougb 523115235Sdougb if (fsdummy.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 524115235Sdougb fsdummy.fs_magic = 0; 525188520Scognet bwrite(&disk, part_ofs + SBLOCK_UFS1 / disk.d_bsize, 526188520Scognet chdummy, SBLOCKSIZE); 527221049Scperciva for (cg = 0; cg < fsdummy.fs_ncg; cg++) { 528221049Scperciva if (fsbtodb(&fsdummy, cgsblock(&fsdummy, cg)) > fssize) 529221049Scperciva break; 530188520Scognet bwrite(&disk, part_ofs + fsbtodb(&fsdummy, 531203784Smckusick cgsblock(&fsdummy, cg)), chdummy, SBLOCKSIZE); 532221049Scperciva } 533115235Sdougb } 534115235Sdougb } 535122783Swes if (!Nflag) 536188520Scognet do_sbwrite(&disk); 537174675Sphk if (Xflag == 1) { 538174675Sphk printf("** Exiting on Xflag 1\n"); 539122785Swes exit(0); 540122785Swes } 541174675Sphk if (Xflag == 2) 542174675Sphk printf("** Leaving BAD MAGIC on Xflag 2\n"); 543134011Sjhb else 544134011Sjhb sblock.fs_magic = (Oflag != 1) ? FS_UFS2_MAGIC : FS_UFS1_MAGIC; 545115235Sdougb 546115235Sdougb /* 5471558Srgrimes * Now build the cylinders group blocks and 5481558Srgrimes * then print out indices of cylinder groups. 5491558Srgrimes */ 550261963Sbrueffer printf("super-block backups (for fsck_ffs -b #) at:\n"); 55113769Sjoerg i = 0; 55213769Sjoerg width = charsperline(); 55398542Smckusick /* 554107412Smckusick * allocate space for superblock, cylinder group map, and 555107412Smckusick * two sets of inode blocks. 556107412Smckusick */ 557107412Smckusick if (sblock.fs_bsize < SBLOCKSIZE) 558107412Smckusick iobufsize = SBLOCKSIZE + 3 * sblock.fs_bsize; 559107412Smckusick else 560107412Smckusick iobufsize = 4 * sblock.fs_bsize; 561176851Sdelphij if ((iobuf = calloc(1, iobufsize)) == 0) { 562107412Smckusick printf("Cannot allocate I/O buffer\n"); 563107412Smckusick exit(38); 564107412Smckusick } 565107412Smckusick /* 56698542Smckusick * Make a copy of the superblock into the buffer that we will be 56798542Smckusick * writing out in each cylinder group. 56898542Smckusick */ 56998542Smckusick bcopy((char *)&sblock, iobuf, SBLOCKSIZE); 570203784Smckusick for (cg = 0; cg < sblock.fs_ncg; cg++) { 571203784Smckusick initcg(cg, utime); 57299796Sbde j = snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), " %jd%s", 573203784Smckusick (intmax_t)fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cg)), 574203784Smckusick cg < (sblock.fs_ncg-1) ? "," : ""); 57581980Sbrian if (j < 0) 57681980Sbrian tmpbuf[j = 0] = '\0'; 57737239Sbde if (i + j >= width) { 5781558Srgrimes printf("\n"); 57913769Sjoerg i = 0; 58013769Sjoerg } 58113769Sjoerg i += j; 58213769Sjoerg printf("%s", tmpbuf); 5838218Sdg fflush(stdout); 5841558Srgrimes } 58577420Sphk printf("\n"); 58677420Sphk if (Nflag) 5871558Srgrimes exit(0); 5881558Srgrimes /* 589102231Strhodes * Now construct the initial file system, 5901558Srgrimes * then write out the super-block. 5911558Srgrimes */ 5921558Srgrimes fsinit(utime); 59398542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 59498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir; 59598542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 59698542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree; 59798542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree; 59898542Smckusick } 599174675Sphk if (Xflag == 3) { 600174675Sphk printf("** Exiting on Xflag 3\n"); 601122785Swes exit(0); 602122785Swes } 603213119Smckusick if (!Nflag) { 604188520Scognet do_sbwrite(&disk); 605213119Smckusick /* 606213119Smckusick * For UFS1 filesystems with a blocksize of 64K, the first 607213119Smckusick * alternate superblock resides at the location used for 608213119Smckusick * the default UFS2 superblock. As there is a valid 609213119Smckusick * superblock at this location, the boot code will use 610213119Smckusick * it as its first choice. Thus we have to ensure that 611213119Smckusick * all of its statistcs on usage are correct. 612213119Smckusick */ 613213119Smckusick if (Oflag == 1 && sblock.fs_bsize == 65536) 614213119Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, 0)), 615213119Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize, (char *)&sblock); 616213119Smckusick } 6171558Srgrimes for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize) 6181558Srgrimes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + numfrags(&sblock, i)), 6191558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cssize - i < sblock.fs_bsize ? 62085860Sphk sblock.fs_cssize - i : sblock.fs_bsize, 6211558Srgrimes ((char *)fscs) + i); 6221558Srgrimes /* 623322860Smckusick * Read the last sector of the boot block, replace the last 624322860Smckusick * 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 625322860Smckusick * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 626322860Smckusick */ 627322860Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 628322860Smckusick i = bread(&disk, 629322860Smckusick part_ofs + (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / disk.d_bsize, 630322860Smckusick (char *)&fsr, sizeof(fsr)); 631322860Smckusick if (i == -1) 632322860Smckusick err(1, "can't read recovery area: %s", disk.d_error); 633322860Smckusick fsr.fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 634322860Smckusick fsr.fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 635322860Smckusick fsr.fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 636322860Smckusick fsr.fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 637322860Smckusick fsr.fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 638322860Smckusick wtfs((SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / disk.d_bsize, sizeof(fsr), 639322860Smckusick (char *)&fsr); 640322860Smckusick } 641322860Smckusick /* 642201399Smbr * Update information about this partition in pack 6431558Srgrimes * label, to that it may be updated on disk. 6441558Srgrimes */ 64595357Sphk if (pp != NULL) { 64695357Sphk pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDFFS; 64795357Sphk pp->p_fsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 64895357Sphk pp->p_frag = sblock.fs_frag; 64998542Smckusick pp->p_cpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 65095357Sphk } 6511558Srgrimes} 6521558Srgrimes 6531558Srgrimes/* 6541558Srgrimes * Initialize a cylinder group. 6551558Srgrimes */ 65637664Scharniervoid 65792711Siedowseinitcg(int cylno, time_t utime) 6581558Srgrimes{ 659203784Smckusick long blkno, start; 660203784Smckusick uint i, j, d, dlower, dupper; 66198542Smckusick ufs2_daddr_t cbase, dmax; 66298542Smckusick struct ufs1_dinode *dp1; 66398542Smckusick struct ufs2_dinode *dp2; 66492483Sphk struct csum *cs; 6651558Srgrimes 6661558Srgrimes /* 6671558Srgrimes * Determine block bounds for cylinder group. 6681558Srgrimes * Allow space for super block summary information in first 6691558Srgrimes * cylinder group. 6701558Srgrimes */ 6711558Srgrimes cbase = cgbase(&sblock, cylno); 6721558Srgrimes dmax = cbase + sblock.fs_fpg; 6731558Srgrimes if (dmax > sblock.fs_size) 6741558Srgrimes dmax = sblock.fs_size; 6751558Srgrimes dlower = cgsblock(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 6761558Srgrimes dupper = cgdmin(&sblock, cylno) - cbase; 6771558Srgrimes if (cylno == 0) 6781558Srgrimes dupper += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize); 67998542Smckusick cs = &fscs[cylno]; 68023682Speter memset(&acg, 0, sblock.fs_cgsize); 6811558Srgrimes acg.cg_time = utime; 6821558Srgrimes acg.cg_magic = CG_MAGIC; 6831558Srgrimes acg.cg_cgx = cylno; 6841558Srgrimes acg.cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg; 68598542Smckusick acg.cg_initediblk = sblock.fs_ipg < 2 * INOPB(&sblock) ? 68698542Smckusick sblock.fs_ipg : 2 * INOPB(&sblock); 6871558Srgrimes acg.cg_ndblk = dmax - cbase; 6881558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 6891558Srgrimes acg.cg_nclusterblks = acg.cg_ndblk / sblock.fs_frag; 69098542Smckusick start = &acg.cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&acg.cg_firstfield); 69198542Smckusick if (Oflag == 2) { 69298542Smckusick acg.cg_iusedoff = start; 69398542Smckusick } else { 69498542Smckusick acg.cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg; 69598542Smckusick acg.cg_old_time = acg.cg_time; 69698542Smckusick acg.cg_time = 0; 69798542Smckusick acg.cg_old_niblk = acg.cg_niblk; 69898542Smckusick acg.cg_niblk = 0; 69998542Smckusick acg.cg_initediblk = 0; 70098542Smckusick acg.cg_old_btotoff = start; 70198542Smckusick acg.cg_old_boff = acg.cg_old_btotoff + 70298542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t); 70398542Smckusick acg.cg_iusedoff = acg.cg_old_boff + 70498542Smckusick sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t); 70598542Smckusick } 706103949Smike acg.cg_freeoff = acg.cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT); 707103949Smike acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_freeoff + howmany(sblock.fs_fpg, CHAR_BIT); 70898542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 7091558Srgrimes acg.cg_clustersumoff = 71098542Smckusick roundup(acg.cg_nextfreeoff, sizeof(u_int32_t)); 71198542Smckusick acg.cg_clustersumoff -= sizeof(u_int32_t); 7121558Srgrimes acg.cg_clusteroff = acg.cg_clustersumoff + 71338579Sdfr (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(u_int32_t); 71498542Smckusick acg.cg_nextfreeoff = acg.cg_clusteroff + 715103949Smike howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT); 7161558Srgrimes } 717203784Smckusick if (acg.cg_nextfreeoff > (unsigned)sblock.fs_cgsize) { 7181558Srgrimes printf("Panic: cylinder group too big\n"); 7191558Srgrimes exit(37); 7201558Srgrimes } 7211558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree += sblock.fs_ipg; 7221558Srgrimes if (cylno == 0) 72398542Smckusick for (i = 0; i < (long)ROOTINO; i++) { 7241558Srgrimes setbit(cg_inosused(&acg), i); 7251558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--; 7261558Srgrimes } 7271558Srgrimes if (cylno > 0) { 7281558Srgrimes /* 7291558Srgrimes * In cylno 0, beginning space is reserved 7301558Srgrimes * for boot and super blocks. 7311558Srgrimes */ 7321558Srgrimes for (d = 0; d < dlower; d += sblock.fs_frag) { 7331558Srgrimes blkno = d / sblock.fs_frag; 7341558Srgrimes setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), blkno); 7351558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 7361558Srgrimes setbit(cg_clustersfree(&acg), blkno); 7371558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 7381558Srgrimes } 7391558Srgrimes } 74037664Scharnier if ((i = dupper % sblock.fs_frag)) { 7411558Srgrimes acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - i]++; 7421558Srgrimes for (d = dupper + sblock.fs_frag - i; dupper < d; dupper++) { 7431558Srgrimes setbit(cg_blksfree(&acg), dupper); 7441558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 7451558Srgrimes } 7461558Srgrimes } 74798542Smckusick for (d = dupper; d + sblock.fs_frag <= acg.cg_ndblk; 74898542Smckusick d += sblock.fs_frag) { 7491558Srgrimes blkno = d / sblock.fs_frag; 7501558Srgrimes setblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), blkno); 7511558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 7521558Srgrimes setbit(cg_clustersfree(&acg), blkno); 7531558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree++; 7541558Srgrimes } 75598542Smckusick if (d < acg.cg_ndblk) { 75698542Smckusick acg.cg_frsum[acg.cg_ndblk - d]++; 75798542Smckusick for (; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d++) { 7581558Srgrimes setbit(cg_blksfree(&acg), d); 7591558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree++; 7601558Srgrimes } 7611558Srgrimes } 7621558Srgrimes if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) { 76323682Speter int32_t *sump = cg_clustersum(&acg); 7641558Srgrimes u_char *mapp = cg_clustersfree(&acg); 7651558Srgrimes int map = *mapp++; 7661558Srgrimes int bit = 1; 7671558Srgrimes int run = 0; 7681558Srgrimes 7691558Srgrimes for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_nclusterblks; i++) { 77085860Sphk if ((map & bit) != 0) 7711558Srgrimes run++; 77285860Sphk else if (run != 0) { 7731558Srgrimes if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 7741558Srgrimes run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 7751558Srgrimes sump[run]++; 7761558Srgrimes run = 0; 7771558Srgrimes } 778103949Smike if ((i & (CHAR_BIT - 1)) != CHAR_BIT - 1) 7791558Srgrimes bit <<= 1; 78085860Sphk else { 7811558Srgrimes map = *mapp++; 7821558Srgrimes bit = 1; 7831558Srgrimes } 7841558Srgrimes } 7851558Srgrimes if (run != 0) { 7861558Srgrimes if (run > sblock.fs_contigsumsize) 7871558Srgrimes run = sblock.fs_contigsumsize; 7881558Srgrimes sump[run]++; 7891558Srgrimes } 7901558Srgrimes } 7911558Srgrimes *cs = acg.cg_cs; 79298542Smckusick /* 79398542Smckusick * Write out the duplicate super block, the cylinder group map 79498542Smckusick * and two blocks worth of inodes in a single write. 79598542Smckusick */ 79698542Smckusick start = sblock.fs_bsize > SBLOCKSIZE ? sblock.fs_bsize : SBLOCKSIZE; 79798542Smckusick bcopy((char *)&acg, &iobuf[start], sblock.fs_cgsize); 79898542Smckusick start += sblock.fs_bsize; 79998542Smckusick dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 80098542Smckusick dp2 = (struct ufs2_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 80198542Smckusick for (i = 0; i < acg.cg_initediblk; i++) { 80298542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 803111268Smckusick dp1->di_gen = newfs_random(); 80498542Smckusick dp1++; 80598542Smckusick } else { 806111268Smckusick dp2->di_gen = newfs_random(); 80798542Smckusick dp2++; 80898542Smckusick } 80998542Smckusick } 81098542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)), iobufsize, iobuf); 81198542Smckusick /* 812102231Strhodes * For the old file system, we have to initialize all the inodes. 81398542Smckusick */ 81498542Smckusick if (Oflag == 1) { 81598542Smckusick for (i = 2 * sblock.fs_frag; 81698542Smckusick i < sblock.fs_ipg / INOPF(&sblock); 81798542Smckusick i += sblock.fs_frag) { 81898542Smckusick dp1 = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(&iobuf[start]); 81998542Smckusick for (j = 0; j < INOPB(&sblock); j++) { 820111268Smckusick dp1->di_gen = newfs_random(); 82198542Smckusick dp1++; 82298542Smckusick } 82398542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgimin(&sblock, cylno) + i), 82498542Smckusick sblock.fs_bsize, &iobuf[start]); 82598542Smckusick } 82698542Smckusick } 8271558Srgrimes} 8281558Srgrimes 8291558Srgrimes/* 830102231Strhodes * initialize the file system 8311558Srgrimes */ 832122037Smckusick#define ROOTLINKCNT 3 8331558Srgrimes 834227081Sedstatic struct direct root_dir[] = { 8351558Srgrimes { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 1, "." }, 8361558Srgrimes { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 2, ".." }, 837122037Smckusick { ROOTINO + 1, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 5, ".snap" }, 8381558Srgrimes}; 8391558Srgrimes 840122037Smckusick#define SNAPLINKCNT 2 841122037Smckusick 842227081Sedstatic struct direct snap_dir[] = { 843122037Smckusick { ROOTINO + 1, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 1, "." }, 844122037Smckusick { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 2, ".." }, 845122037Smckusick}; 846122037Smckusick 84737664Scharniervoid 84892711Siedowsefsinit(time_t utime) 8491558Srgrimes{ 85098542Smckusick union dinode node; 851122037Smckusick struct group *grp; 852149048Siedowse gid_t gid; 853140603Swes int entries; 8541558Srgrimes 85598542Smckusick memset(&node, 0, sizeof node); 856149048Siedowse if ((grp = getgrnam("operator")) != NULL) { 857149048Siedowse gid = grp->gr_gid; 858149048Siedowse } else { 859162689Sdelphij warnx("Cannot retrieve operator gid, using gid 0."); 860149048Siedowse gid = 0; 861149048Siedowse } 862140603Swes entries = (nflag) ? ROOTLINKCNT - 1: ROOTLINKCNT; 86398542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) { 86498542Smckusick /* 86598542Smckusick * initialize the node 86698542Smckusick */ 86798542Smckusick node.dp1.di_atime = utime; 86898542Smckusick node.dp1.di_mtime = utime; 86998542Smckusick node.dp1.di_ctime = utime; 87098542Smckusick /* 87198542Smckusick * create the root directory 87298542Smckusick */ 87398542Smckusick node.dp1.di_mode = IFDIR | UMASK; 874140603Swes node.dp1.di_nlink = entries; 875140603Swes node.dp1.di_size = makedir(root_dir, entries); 87698542Smckusick node.dp1.di_db[0] = alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp1.di_mode); 87798542Smckusick node.dp1.di_blocks = 87898542Smckusick btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp1.di_size)); 87998542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp1.di_db[0]), sblock.fs_fsize, 88098542Smckusick iobuf); 881122037Smckusick iput(&node, ROOTINO); 882140603Swes if (!nflag) { 883140603Swes /* 884140603Swes * create the .snap directory 885140603Swes */ 886140603Swes node.dp1.di_mode |= 020; 887149048Siedowse node.dp1.di_gid = gid; 888140603Swes node.dp1.di_nlink = SNAPLINKCNT; 889140603Swes node.dp1.di_size = makedir(snap_dir, SNAPLINKCNT); 890140603Swes node.dp1.di_db[0] = 891140603Swes alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp1.di_mode); 892140603Swes node.dp1.di_blocks = 893140603Swes btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp1.di_size)); 894140603Swes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp1.di_db[0]), 895140603Swes sblock.fs_fsize, iobuf); 896140603Swes iput(&node, ROOTINO + 1); 897140603Swes } 89898542Smckusick } else { 89998542Smckusick /* 90098542Smckusick * initialize the node 90198542Smckusick */ 90298542Smckusick node.dp2.di_atime = utime; 90398542Smckusick node.dp2.di_mtime = utime; 90498542Smckusick node.dp2.di_ctime = utime; 905100231Sroberto node.dp2.di_birthtime = utime; 90698542Smckusick /* 90798542Smckusick * create the root directory 90898542Smckusick */ 90998542Smckusick node.dp2.di_mode = IFDIR | UMASK; 910140603Swes node.dp2.di_nlink = entries; 911140603Swes node.dp2.di_size = makedir(root_dir, entries); 91298542Smckusick node.dp2.di_db[0] = alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp2.di_mode); 91398542Smckusick node.dp2.di_blocks = 91498542Smckusick btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp2.di_size)); 91598542Smckusick wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp2.di_db[0]), sblock.fs_fsize, 91698542Smckusick iobuf); 917122037Smckusick iput(&node, ROOTINO); 918140603Swes if (!nflag) { 919140603Swes /* 920140603Swes * create the .snap directory 921140603Swes */ 922140603Swes node.dp2.di_mode |= 020; 923149048Siedowse node.dp2.di_gid = gid; 924140603Swes node.dp2.di_nlink = SNAPLINKCNT; 925140603Swes node.dp2.di_size = makedir(snap_dir, SNAPLINKCNT); 926140603Swes node.dp2.di_db[0] = 927140603Swes alloc(sblock.fs_fsize, node.dp2.di_mode); 928140603Swes node.dp2.di_blocks = 929140603Swes btodb(fragroundup(&sblock, node.dp2.di_size)); 930140603Swes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, node.dp2.di_db[0]), 931140603Swes sblock.fs_fsize, iobuf); 932140603Swes iput(&node, ROOTINO + 1); 933140603Swes } 93498542Smckusick } 9351558Srgrimes} 9361558Srgrimes 9371558Srgrimes/* 93898542Smckusick * construct a set of directory entries in "iobuf". 9391558Srgrimes * return size of directory. 9401558Srgrimes */ 94137664Scharnierint 94292711Siedowsemakedir(struct direct *protodir, int entries) 9431558Srgrimes{ 9441558Srgrimes char *cp; 9451558Srgrimes int i, spcleft; 9461558Srgrimes 9471558Srgrimes spcleft = DIRBLKSIZ; 94898542Smckusick memset(iobuf, 0, DIRBLKSIZ); 94998542Smckusick for (cp = iobuf, i = 0; i < entries - 1; i++) { 9501558Srgrimes protodir[i].d_reclen = DIRSIZ(0, &protodir[i]); 95123682Speter memmove(cp, &protodir[i], protodir[i].d_reclen); 9521558Srgrimes cp += protodir[i].d_reclen; 9531558Srgrimes spcleft -= protodir[i].d_reclen; 9541558Srgrimes } 9551558Srgrimes protodir[i].d_reclen = spcleft; 95623682Speter memmove(cp, &protodir[i], DIRSIZ(0, &protodir[i])); 9571558Srgrimes return (DIRBLKSIZ); 9581558Srgrimes} 9591558Srgrimes 9601558Srgrimes/* 9611558Srgrimes * allocate a block or frag 9621558Srgrimes */ 96398542Smckusickufs2_daddr_t 96492711Siedowsealloc(int size, int mode) 9651558Srgrimes{ 966203784Smckusick int i, blkno, frag; 967203784Smckusick uint d; 9681558Srgrimes 969185588Sluigi bread(&disk, part_ofs + fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), (char *)&acg, 970110671Sjmallett sblock.fs_cgsize); 9711558Srgrimes if (acg.cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) { 9721558Srgrimes printf("cg 0: bad magic number\n"); 973118493Syar exit(38); 9741558Srgrimes } 9751558Srgrimes if (acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree == 0) { 9761558Srgrimes printf("first cylinder group ran out of space\n"); 977118493Syar exit(39); 9781558Srgrimes } 9791558Srgrimes for (d = 0; d < acg.cg_ndblk; d += sblock.fs_frag) 9801558Srgrimes if (isblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), d / sblock.fs_frag)) 9811558Srgrimes goto goth; 9821558Srgrimes printf("internal error: can't find block in cyl 0\n"); 983118493Syar exit(40); 9841558Srgrimesgoth: 9851558Srgrimes blkno = fragstoblks(&sblock, d); 9861558Srgrimes clrblock(&sblock, cg_blksfree(&acg), blkno); 98723682Speter if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) 98823682Speter clrbit(cg_clustersfree(&acg), blkno); 9891558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree--; 9901558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree--; 9911558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_nbfree--; 9921558Srgrimes if (mode & IFDIR) { 9931558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_ndir++; 9941558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir++; 9951558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_ndir++; 9961558Srgrimes } 9971558Srgrimes if (size != sblock.fs_bsize) { 9981558Srgrimes frag = howmany(size, sblock.fs_fsize); 9991558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_nffree += sblock.fs_frag - frag; 10001558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree += sblock.fs_frag - frag; 10011558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree += sblock.fs_frag - frag; 10021558Srgrimes acg.cg_frsum[sblock.fs_frag - frag]++; 10031558Srgrimes for (i = frag; i < sblock.fs_frag; i++) 10041558Srgrimes setbit(cg_blksfree(&acg), d + i); 10051558Srgrimes } 1006110671Sjmallett /* XXX cgwrite(&disk, 0)??? */ 10071558Srgrimes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), sblock.fs_cgsize, 10081558Srgrimes (char *)&acg); 100998542Smckusick return ((ufs2_daddr_t)d); 10101558Srgrimes} 10111558Srgrimes 10121558Srgrimes/* 10131558Srgrimes * Allocate an inode on the disk 10141558Srgrimes */ 101537664Scharniervoid 101698542Smckusickiput(union dinode *ip, ino_t ino) 10171558Srgrimes{ 101898542Smckusick ufs2_daddr_t d; 10191558Srgrimes 1020185588Sluigi bread(&disk, part_ofs + fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), (char *)&acg, 1021110671Sjmallett sblock.fs_cgsize); 10221558Srgrimes if (acg.cg_magic != CG_MAGIC) { 10231558Srgrimes printf("cg 0: bad magic number\n"); 10241558Srgrimes exit(31); 10251558Srgrimes } 10261558Srgrimes acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree--; 10271558Srgrimes setbit(cg_inosused(&acg), ino); 10281558Srgrimes wtfs(fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, 0)), sblock.fs_cgsize, 10291558Srgrimes (char *)&acg); 10301558Srgrimes sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree--; 10311558Srgrimes fscs[0].cs_nifree--; 103298542Smckusick if (ino >= (unsigned long)sblock.fs_ipg * sblock.fs_ncg) { 1033241013Smdf printf("fsinit: inode value out of range (%ju).\n", 1034241013Smdf (uintmax_t)ino); 10351558Srgrimes exit(32); 10361558Srgrimes } 10371558Srgrimes d = fsbtodb(&sblock, ino_to_fsba(&sblock, ino)); 1038185588Sluigi bread(&disk, part_ofs + d, (char *)iobuf, sblock.fs_bsize); 103998542Smckusick if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) 104098542Smckusick ((struct ufs1_dinode *)iobuf)[ino_to_fsbo(&sblock, ino)] = 104198542Smckusick ip->dp1; 104298542Smckusick else 104398542Smckusick ((struct ufs2_dinode *)iobuf)[ino_to_fsbo(&sblock, ino)] = 104498542Smckusick ip->dp2; 1045110065Sjmallett wtfs(d, sblock.fs_bsize, (char *)iobuf); 10461558Srgrimes} 10471558Srgrimes 10481558Srgrimes/* 1049110671Sjmallett * possibly write to disk 10501558Srgrimes */ 105193737Sphkstatic void 105298542Smckusickwtfs(ufs2_daddr_t bno, int size, char *bf) 10531558Srgrimes{ 10541558Srgrimes if (Nflag) 10551558Srgrimes return; 1056188520Scognet if (bwrite(&disk, part_ofs + bno, bf, size) < 0) 1057114877Siedowse err(36, "wtfs: %d bytes at sector %jd", size, (intmax_t)bno); 10581558Srgrimes} 10591558Srgrimes 10601558Srgrimes/* 10611558Srgrimes * check if a block is available 10621558Srgrimes */ 106393737Sphkstatic int 106492711Siedowseisblock(struct fs *fs, unsigned char *cp, int h) 10651558Srgrimes{ 10661558Srgrimes unsigned char mask; 10671558Srgrimes 10681558Srgrimes switch (fs->fs_frag) { 10691558Srgrimes case 8: 10701558Srgrimes return (cp[h] == 0xff); 10711558Srgrimes case 4: 10721558Srgrimes mask = 0x0f << ((h & 0x1) << 2); 10731558Srgrimes return ((cp[h >> 1] & mask) == mask); 10741558Srgrimes case 2: 10751558Srgrimes mask = 0x03 << ((h & 0x3) << 1); 10761558Srgrimes return ((cp[h >> 2] & mask) == mask); 10771558Srgrimes case 1: 10781558Srgrimes mask = 0x01 << (h & 0x7); 10791558Srgrimes return ((cp[h >> 3] & mask) == mask); 10801558Srgrimes default: 10811558Srgrimes fprintf(stderr, "isblock bad fs_frag %d\n", fs->fs_frag); 10821558Srgrimes return (0); 10831558Srgrimes } 10841558Srgrimes} 10851558Srgrimes 10861558Srgrimes/* 10871558Srgrimes * take a block out of the map 10881558Srgrimes */ 108993737Sphkstatic void 109092711Siedowseclrblock(struct fs *fs, unsigned char *cp, int h) 10911558Srgrimes{ 10921558Srgrimes switch ((fs)->fs_frag) { 10931558Srgrimes case 8: 10941558Srgrimes cp[h] = 0; 10951558Srgrimes return; 10961558Srgrimes case 4: 10971558Srgrimes cp[h >> 1] &= ~(0x0f << ((h & 0x1) << 2)); 10981558Srgrimes return; 10991558Srgrimes case 2: 11001558Srgrimes cp[h >> 2] &= ~(0x03 << ((h & 0x3) << 1)); 11011558Srgrimes return; 11021558Srgrimes case 1: 11031558Srgrimes cp[h >> 3] &= ~(0x01 << (h & 0x7)); 11041558Srgrimes return; 11051558Srgrimes default: 11061558Srgrimes fprintf(stderr, "clrblock bad fs_frag %d\n", fs->fs_frag); 11071558Srgrimes return; 11081558Srgrimes } 11091558Srgrimes} 11101558Srgrimes 11111558Srgrimes/* 11121558Srgrimes * put a block into the map 11131558Srgrimes */ 111493737Sphkstatic void 111592711Siedowsesetblock(struct fs *fs, unsigned char *cp, int h) 11161558Srgrimes{ 11171558Srgrimes switch (fs->fs_frag) { 11181558Srgrimes case 8: 11191558Srgrimes cp[h] = 0xff; 11201558Srgrimes return; 11211558Srgrimes case 4: 11221558Srgrimes cp[h >> 1] |= (0x0f << ((h & 0x1) << 2)); 11231558Srgrimes return; 11241558Srgrimes case 2: 11251558Srgrimes cp[h >> 2] |= (0x03 << ((h & 0x3) << 1)); 11261558Srgrimes return; 11271558Srgrimes case 1: 11281558Srgrimes cp[h >> 3] |= (0x01 << (h & 0x7)); 11291558Srgrimes return; 11301558Srgrimes default: 11311558Srgrimes fprintf(stderr, "setblock bad fs_frag %d\n", fs->fs_frag); 11321558Srgrimes return; 11331558Srgrimes } 11341558Srgrimes} 113513637Sjoerg 113613637Sjoerg/* 113713769Sjoerg * Determine the number of characters in a 113813637Sjoerg * single line. 113913637Sjoerg */ 114013637Sjoerg 114113637Sjoergstatic int 114292717Sphkcharsperline(void) 114313637Sjoerg{ 114413769Sjoerg int columns; 114513637Sjoerg char *cp; 114613637Sjoerg struct winsize ws; 114713637Sjoerg 114813637Sjoerg columns = 0; 114913637Sjoerg if (ioctl(0, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) != -1) 115013637Sjoerg columns = ws.ws_col; 115113637Sjoerg if (columns == 0 && (cp = getenv("COLUMNS"))) 115213637Sjoerg columns = atoi(cp); 115313637Sjoerg if (columns == 0) 115413637Sjoerg columns = 80; /* last resort */ 115585860Sphk return (columns); 115613637Sjoerg} 115792712Siedowse 115892712Siedowsestatic int 115992712Siedowseilog2(int val) 116092712Siedowse{ 116192763Sphk u_int n; 116292712Siedowse 1163103949Smike for (n = 0; n < sizeof(n) * CHAR_BIT; n++) 116492712Siedowse if (1 << n == val) 116592712Siedowse return (n); 116692712Siedowse errx(1, "ilog2: %d is not a power of 2\n", val); 116792712Siedowse} 1168111268Smckusick 1169111268Smckusick/* 1170111268Smckusick * For the regression test, return predictable random values. 1171111268Smckusick * Otherwise use a true random number generator. 1172111268Smckusick */ 1173111268Smckusickstatic u_int32_t 1174111268Smckusicknewfs_random(void) 1175111268Smckusick{ 1176111268Smckusick static int nextnum = 1; 1177111268Smckusick 1178111268Smckusick if (Rflag) 1179111268Smckusick return (nextnum++); 1180111268Smckusick return (arc4random()); 1181111268Smckusick} 1182