1<html lang="en"> 2<head> 3<title>GNU Free Documentation License - Untitled</title> 4<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> 5<meta name="description" content="Untitled"> 6<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> 7<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> 8<link rel="prev" href="MRI.html#MRI" title="MRI"> 9<link rel="next" href="LD-Index.html#LD-Index" title="LD Index"> 10<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> 11<!-- 12This file documents the GNU linker LD 13(Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2011.09-69) 14version 2.21.53. 15 16Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 172001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 18 19Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 20under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 21or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 22with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no 23Back-Cover Texts. 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It 75complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft 76license designed for free software. 77 78 <p>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free 79software, because free software needs free documentation: a free 80program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the 81software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; 82it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or 83whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License 84principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 85 86 <li>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS 87 88 <p>This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that 89contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be 90distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a 91world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that 92work under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below, 93refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a 94licensee, and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you 95copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission 96under copyright law. 97 98 <p>A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the 99Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with 100modifications and/or translated into another language. 101 102 <p>A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section 103of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the 104publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall 105subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall 106directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in 107part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain 108any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical 109connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, 110commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding 111them. 112 113 <p>The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles 114are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice 115that says that the Document is released under this License. If a 116section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not 117allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero 118Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant 119Sections then there are none. 120 121 <p>The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, 122as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that 123the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may 124be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. 125 126 <p>A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, 127represented in a format whose specification is available to the 128general public, that is suitable for revising the document 129straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of 130pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available 131drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or 132for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input 133to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file 134format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart 135or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. 136An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount 137of text. A copy that is not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”. 138 139 <p>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain 140<span class="sc">ascii</span> without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input 141format, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or <acronym>XML</acronym> using a publicly available 142<acronym>DTD</acronym>, and standard-conforming simple <acronym>HTML</acronym>, 143PostScript or <acronym>PDF</acronym> designed for human modification. Examples 144of transparent image formats include <acronym>PNG</acronym>, <acronym>XCF</acronym> and 145<acronym>JPG</acronym>. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be 146read and edited only by proprietary word processors, <acronym>SGML</acronym> or 147<acronym>XML</acronym> for which the <acronym>DTD</acronym> and/or processing tools are 148not generally available, and the machine-generated <acronym>HTML</acronym>, 149PostScript or <acronym>PDF</acronym> produced by some word processors for 150output purposes only. 151 152 <p>The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, 153plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material 154this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in 155formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means 156the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, 157preceding the beginning of the body of the text. 158 159 <p>The “publisher” means any person or entity that distributes copies 160of the Document to the public. 161 162 <p>A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose 163title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following 164text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a 165specific section name mentioned below, such as “Acknowledgements”, 166“Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve the Title” 167of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a 168section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition. 169 170 <p>The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which 171states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty 172Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this 173License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other 174implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has 175no effect on the meaning of this License. 176 177 <li>VERBATIM COPYING 178 179 <p>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either 180commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the 181copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies 182to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other 183conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use 184technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further 185copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept 186compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough 187number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. 188 189 <p>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and 190you may publicly display copies. 191 192 <li>COPYING IN QUANTITY 193 194 <p>If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have 195printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the 196Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the 197copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover 198Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on 199the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify 200you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present 201the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and 202visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. 203Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve 204the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated 205as verbatim copying in other respects. 206 207 <p>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit 208legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit 209reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent 210pages. 211 212 <p>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering 213more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent 214copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy 215a computer-network location from which the general network-using 216public has access to download using public-standard network protocols 217a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. 218If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, 219when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure 220that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated 221location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an 222Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that 223edition to the public. 224 225 <p>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the 226Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give 227them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. 228 229 <li>MODIFICATIONS 230 231 <p>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under 232the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release 233the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified 234Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution 235and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy 236of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: 237 238 <ol type=A start=1> 239<li>Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct 240from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions 241(which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section 242of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version 243if the original publisher of that version gives permission. 244 245 <li>List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities 246responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified 247Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the 248Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), 249unless they release you from this requirement. 250 251 <li>State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the 252Modified Version, as the publisher. 253 254 <li>Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. 255 256 <li>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications 257adjacent to the other copyright notices. 258 259 <li>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice 260giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the 261terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. 262 263 <li>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections 264and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. 265 266 <li>Include an unaltered copy of this License. 267 268 <li>Preserve the section Entitled “History”, Preserve its Title, and add 269to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and 270publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If 271there is no section Entitled “History” in the Document, create one 272stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as 273given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified 274Version as stated in the previous sentence. 275 276 <li>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for 277public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise 278the network locations given in the Document for previous versions 279it was based on. These may be placed in the “History” section. 280You may omit a network location for a work that was published at 281least four years before the Document itself, or if the original 282publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. 283 284 <li>For any section Entitled “Acknowledgements” or “Dedications”, Preserve 285the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the 286substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or 287dedications given therein. 288 289 <li>Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, 290unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers 291or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. 292 293 <li>Delete any section Entitled “Endorsements”. Such a section 294may not be included in the Modified Version. 295 296 <li>Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled “Endorsements” or 297to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. 298 299 <li>Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. 300 </ol> 301 302 <p>If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or 303appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material 304copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all 305of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the 306list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. 307These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. 308 309 <p>You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains 310nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various 311parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has 312been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a 313standard. 314 315 <p>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a 316passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list 317of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of 318Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or 319through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already 320includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or 321by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, 322you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit 323permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. 324 325 <p>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License 326give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or 327imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 328 329 <li>COMBINING DOCUMENTS 330 331 <p>You may combine the Document with other documents released under this 332License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified 333versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the 334Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and 335list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its 336license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. 337 338 <p>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and 339multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single 340copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but 341different contents, make the title of each such section unique by 342adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original 343author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. 344Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of 345Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. 346 347 <p>In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History” 348in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled 349“History”; likewise combine any sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”, 350and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You must delete all 351sections Entitled “Endorsements.” 352 353 <li>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS 354 355 <p>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents 356released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this 357License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in 358the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for 359verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. 360 361 <p>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute 362it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this 363License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all 364other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. 365 366 <li>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS 367 368 <p>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate 369and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or 370distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright 371resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights 372of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. 373When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not 374apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves 375derivative works of the Document. 376 377 <p>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these 378copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of 379the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on 380covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the 381electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. 382Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole 383aggregate. 384 385 <li>TRANSLATION 386 387 <p>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may 388distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. 389Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special 390permission from their copyright holders, but you may include 391translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the 392original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a 393translation of this License, and all the license notices in the 394Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include 395the original English version of this License and the original versions 396of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between 397the translation and the original version of this License or a notice 398or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. 399 400 <p>If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”, 401“Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve 402its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual 403title. 404 405 <li>TERMINATION 406 407 <p>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document 408except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 409otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and 410will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 411 412 <p>However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license 413from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, 414unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally 415terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder 416fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 41760 days after the cessation. 418 419 <p>Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is 420reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the 421violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have 422received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that 423copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after 424your receipt of the notice. 425 426 <p>Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the 427licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under 428this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently 429reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does 430not give you any rights to use it. 431 432 <li>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE 433 434 <p>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions 435of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new 436versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may 437differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See 438<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</a>. 439 440 <p>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. 441If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this 442License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of 443following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or 444of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the 445Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version 446number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not 447as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document 448specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this 449License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a 450version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the 451Document. 452 453 <li>RELICENSING 454 455 <p>“Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site” (or “MMC Site”) means any 456World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also 457provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A 458public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A 459“Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or “MMC”) contained in the 460site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC 461site. 462 463 <p>“CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 464license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit 465corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, 466California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license 467published by that same organization. 468 469 <p>“Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or 470in part, as part of another Document. 471 472 <p>An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under this 473License, and if all works that were first published under this License 474somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole 475or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, 476and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008. 477 478 <p>The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site 479under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, 480provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing. 481 482 </ol> 483 484<h3 class="heading">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</h3> 485 486<p>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of 487the License in the document and put the following copyright and 488license notices just after the title page: 489 490<pre class="smallexample"> Copyright (C) <var>year</var> <var>your name</var>. 491 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 492 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 493 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 494 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover 495 Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU 496 Free Documentation License''. 497</pre> 498 <p>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, 499replace the “with<small class="dots">...</small>Texts.” line with this: 500 501<pre class="smallexample"> with the Invariant Sections being <var>list their titles</var>, with 502 the Front-Cover Texts being <var>list</var>, and with the Back-Cover Texts 503 being <var>list</var>. 504</pre> 505 <p>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other 506combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the 507situation. 508 509 <p>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we 510recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of 511free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, 512to permit their use in free software. 513 514<!-- Local Variables: --> 515<!-- ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict" --> 516<!-- End: --> 517 </body></html> 518 519