1<html lang="en"> 2<head> 3<title>objdump - GNU Binary Utilities</title> 4<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> 5<meta name="description" content="GNU Binary Utilities"> 6<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> 7<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> 8<link rel="prev" href="objcopy.html#objcopy" title="objcopy"> 9<link rel="next" href="ranlib.html#ranlib" title="ranlib"> 10<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> 11<!-- 12Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 132000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 14Free Software Foundation, Inc. 15 16Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 17under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 18or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 19with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no 20Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the 21section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. 22 23--> 24<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"> 25<style type="text/css"><!-- 26 pre.display { font-family:inherit } 27 pre.format { font-family:inherit } 28 pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } 29 pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } 30 pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } 31 pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller } 32 span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } 33 span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; } 34 span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; } 35--></style> 36<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../cs.css"> 37</head> 38<body> 39<div class="node"> 40<a name="objdump"></a> 41<p> 42Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="ranlib.html#ranlib">ranlib</a>, 43Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="objcopy.html#objcopy">objcopy</a>, 44Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="index.html#Top">Top</a> 45<hr> 46</div> 47 48<h2 class="chapter">4 objdump</h2> 49 50<p><a name="index-object-file-information-60"></a><a name="index-objdump-61"></a> 51<!-- man title objdump display information from object files. --> 52 53<pre class="smallexample"> <!-- man begin SYNOPSIS objdump --> 54 objdump [<samp><span class="option">-a</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--archive-headers</span></samp>] 55 [<samp><span class="option">-b</span></samp> <var>bfdname</var>|<samp><span class="option">--target=</span><var>bfdname</var></samp>] 56 [<samp><span class="option">-C</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--demangle</span></samp>[=<var>style</var>] ] 57 [<samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--disassemble</span></samp>] 58 [<samp><span class="option">-D</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--disassemble-all</span></samp>] 59 [<samp><span class="option">-z</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--disassemble-zeroes</span></samp>] 60 [<samp><span class="option">-EB</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">-EL</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--endian=</span></samp>{big | little }] 61 [<samp><span class="option">-f</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--file-headers</span></samp>] 62 [<samp><span class="option">-F</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--file-offsets</span></samp>] 63 [<samp><span class="option">--file-start-context</span></samp>] 64 [<samp><span class="option">-g</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--debugging</span></samp>] 65 [<samp><span class="option">-e</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--debugging-tags</span></samp>] 66 [<samp><span class="option">-h</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--section-headers</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--headers</span></samp>] 67 [<samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--info</span></samp>] 68 [<samp><span class="option">-j</span></samp> <var>section</var>|<samp><span class="option">--section=</span></samp><var>section</var>] 69 [<samp><span class="option">-l</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--line-numbers</span></samp>] 70 [<samp><span class="option">-S</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--source</span></samp>] 71 [<samp><span class="option">-m</span></samp> <var>machine</var>|<samp><span class="option">--architecture=</span></samp><var>machine</var>] 72 [<samp><span class="option">-M</span></samp> <var>options</var>|<samp><span class="option">--disassembler-options=</span></samp><var>options</var>] 73 [<samp><span class="option">-p</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--private-headers</span></samp>] 74 [<samp><span class="option">-P</span></samp> <var>options</var>|<samp><span class="option">--private=</span></samp><var>options</var>] 75 [<samp><span class="option">-r</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--reloc</span></samp>] 76 [<samp><span class="option">-R</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--dynamic-reloc</span></samp>] 77 [<samp><span class="option">-s</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--full-contents</span></samp>] 78 [<samp><span class="option">-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]</span></samp>| 79 <samp><span class="option">--dwarf</span></samp>[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]] 80 [<samp><span class="option">-G</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--stabs</span></samp>] 81 [<samp><span class="option">-t</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--syms</span></samp>] 82 [<samp><span class="option">-T</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--dynamic-syms</span></samp>] 83 [<samp><span class="option">-x</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--all-headers</span></samp>] 84 [<samp><span class="option">-w</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--wide</span></samp>] 85 [<samp><span class="option">--start-address=</span></samp><var>address</var>] 86 [<samp><span class="option">--stop-address=</span></samp><var>address</var>] 87 [<samp><span class="option">--prefix-addresses</span></samp>] 88 [<samp><span class="option">--[no-]show-raw-insn</span></samp>] 89 [<samp><span class="option">--adjust-vma=</span></samp><var>offset</var>] 90 [<samp><span class="option">--special-syms</span></samp>] 91 [<samp><span class="option">--prefix=</span></samp><var>prefix</var>] 92 [<samp><span class="option">--prefix-strip=</span></samp><var>level</var>] 93 [<samp><span class="option">--insn-width=</span></samp><var>width</var>] 94 [<samp><span class="option">-V</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--version</span></samp>] 95 [<samp><span class="option">-H</span></samp>|<samp><span class="option">--help</span></samp>] 96 <var>objfile</var>... 97 <!-- man end --> 98</pre> 99 <!-- man begin DESCRIPTION objdump --> 100 <p><samp><span class="command">objdump</span></samp> displays information about one or more object files. 101The options control what particular information to display. This 102information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the 103compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their 104program to compile and work. 105 106 <p><var>objfile</var><small class="dots">...</small> are the object files to be examined. When you 107specify archives, <samp><span class="command">objdump</span></samp> shows information on each of the member 108object files. 109 110<!-- man end --> 111<!-- man begin OPTIONS objdump --> 112 <p>The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are 113equivalent. At least one option from the list 114<samp><span class="option">-a,-d,-D,-e,-f,-g,-G,-h,-H,-p,-P,-r,-R,-s,-S,-t,-T,-V,-x</span></samp> must be given. 115 116 <dl> 117<dt><samp><span class="env">-a</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--archive-header</span></samp><dd><a name="index-archive-headers-62"></a>If any of the <var>objfile</var> files are archives, display the archive 118header information (in a format similar to ‘<samp><span class="samp">ls -l</span></samp>’). Besides the 119information you could list with ‘<samp><span class="samp">ar tv</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span class="samp">objdump -a</span></samp>’ shows 120the object file format of each archive member. 121 122 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--adjust-vma=</span><var>offset</var></samp><dd><a name="index-section-addresses-in-objdump-63"></a><a name="index-VMA-in-objdump-64"></a>When dumping information, first add <var>offset</var> to all the section 123addresses. This is useful if the section addresses do not correspond to 124the symbol table, which can happen when putting sections at particular 125addresses when using a format which can not represent section addresses, 126such as a.out. 127 128 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-b </span><var>bfdname</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--target=</span><var>bfdname</var></samp><dd><a name="index-object-code-format-65"></a>Specify that the object-code format for the object files is 129<var>bfdname</var>. This option may not be necessary; <var>objdump</var> can 130automatically recognize many formats. 131 132 <p>For example, 133 <pre class="example"> objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o 134</pre> 135 <p class="noindent">displays summary information from the section headers (<samp><span class="option">-h</span></samp>) of 136<samp><span class="file">fu.o</span></samp>, which is explicitly identified (<samp><span class="option">-m</span></samp>) as a VAX object 137file in the format produced by Oasys compilers. You can list the 138formats available with the <samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp> option. 139See <a href="Target-Selection.html#Target-Selection">Target Selection</a>, for more information. 140 141 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-C</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--demangle[=</span><var>style</var><span class="env">]</span></samp><dd><a name="index-demangling-in-objdump-66"></a>Decode (<dfn>demangle</dfn>) low-level symbol names into user-level names. 142Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this 143makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different 144mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to 145choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. See <a href="c_002b_002bfilt.html#c_002b_002bfilt">c++filt</a>, 146for more information on demangling. 147 148 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-g</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--debugging</span></samp><dd>Display debugging information. This attempts to parse STABS and IEEE 149debugging format information stored in the file and print it out using 150a C like syntax. If neither of these formats are found this option 151falls back on the <samp><span class="option">-W</span></samp> option to print any DWARF information in 152the file. 153 154 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-e</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--debugging-tags</span></samp><dd>Like <samp><span class="option">-g</span></samp>, but the information is generated in a format compatible 155with ctags tool. 156 157 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-d</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--disassemble</span></samp><dd><a name="index-disassembling-object-code-67"></a><a name="index-machine-instructions-68"></a>Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from 158<var>objfile</var>. This option only disassembles those sections which are 159expected to contain instructions. 160 161 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-D</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--disassemble-all</span></samp><dd>Like <samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp>, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just 162those expected to contain instructions. 163 164 <p>If the target is an ARM architecture this switch also has the effect 165of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code 166sections as if they were instructions. 167 168 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--prefix-addresses</span></samp><dd>When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This is 169the older disassembly format. 170 171 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-EB</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">-EL</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--endian={big|little}</span></samp><dd><a name="index-endianness-69"></a><a name="index-disassembly-endianness-70"></a>Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects 172disassembly. This can be useful when disassembling a file format which 173does not describe endianness information, such as S-records. 174 175 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-f</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--file-headers</span></samp><dd><a name="index-object-file-header-71"></a>Display summary information from the overall header of 176each of the <var>objfile</var> files. 177 178 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-F</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--file-offsets</span></samp><dd><a name="index-object-file-offsets-72"></a>When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also 179display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be 180dumped. If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly resumes, 181tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file offset of the 182location from where the disassembly resumes. When dumping sections, 183display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts. 184 185 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--file-start-context</span></samp><dd><a name="index-source-code-context-73"></a>Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly 186(assumes <samp><span class="option">-S</span></samp>) from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the 187context to the start of the file. 188 189 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-h</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--section-headers</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--headers</span></samp><dd><a name="index-section-headers-74"></a>Display summary information from the section headers of the 190object file. 191 192 <p>File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by 193using the <samp><span class="option">-Ttext</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">-Tdata</span></samp>, or <samp><span class="option">-Tbss</span></samp> options to 194<samp><span class="command">ld</span></samp>. However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not 195store the starting address of the file segments. In those situations, 196although <samp><span class="command">ld</span></samp> relocates the sections correctly, using ‘<samp><span class="samp">objdump 197-h</span></samp>’ to list the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses. 198Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which are implicit for the 199target. 200 201 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-H</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--help</span></samp><dd>Print a summary of the options to <samp><span class="command">objdump</span></samp> and exit. 202 203 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-i</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--info</span></samp><dd><a name="index-architectures-available-75"></a><a name="index-object-formats-available-76"></a>Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available 204for specification with <samp><span class="option">-b</span></samp> or <samp><span class="option">-m</span></samp>. 205 206 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-j </span><var>name</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--section=</span><var>name</var></samp><dd><a name="index-section-information-77"></a>Display information only for section <var>name</var>. 207 208 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-l</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--line-numbers</span></samp><dd><a name="index-source-filenames-for-object-files-78"></a>Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and 209source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown. 210Only useful with <samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">-D</span></samp>, or <samp><span class="option">-r</span></samp>. 211 212 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-m </span><var>machine</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--architecture=</span><var>machine</var></samp><dd><a name="index-architecture-79"></a><a name="index-disassembly-architecture-80"></a>Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. This 213can be useful when disassembling object files which do not describe 214architecture information, such as S-records. You can list the available 215architectures with the <samp><span class="option">-i</span></samp> option. 216 217 <p>If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch has an 218additional effect. It restricts the disassembly to only those 219instructions supported by the architecture specified by <var>machine</var>. 220If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does not 221contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to 222disassemble all the instructions use <samp><span class="option">-marm</span></samp>. 223 224 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-M </span><var>options</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--disassembler-options=</span><var>options</var></samp><dd>Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only supported on 225some targets. If it is necessary to specify more than one 226disassembler option then multiple <samp><span class="option">-M</span></samp> options can be used or 227can be placed together into a comma separated list. 228 229 <p>If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch can be used to 230select which register name set is used during disassembler. Specifying 231<samp><span class="option">-M reg-names-std</span></samp> (the default) will select the register names as 232used in ARM's instruction set documentation, but with register 13 called 233'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register 15 called 'pc'. Specifying 234<samp><span class="option">-M reg-names-apcs</span></samp> will select the name set used by the ARM 235Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying <samp><span class="option">-M reg-names-raw</span></samp> will 236just use ‘<samp><span class="samp">r</span></samp>’ followed by the register number. 237 238 <p>There are also two variants on the APCS register naming scheme enabled 239by <samp><span class="option">-M reg-names-atpcs</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-M reg-names-special-atpcs</span></samp> which 240use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions. (Either 241with the normal register names or the special register names). 242 243 <p>This option can also be used for ARM architectures to force the 244disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by 245using the switch <samp><span class="option">--disassembler-options=force-thumb</span></samp>. This can be 246useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other 247compilers. 248 249 <p>For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the <samp><span class="option">-m</span></samp> 250switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from the 251following may be specified as a comma separated string. 252<samp><span class="option">x86-64</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">i386</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">i8086</span></samp> select disassembly for 253the given architecture. <samp><span class="option">intel</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">att</span></samp> select between 254intel syntax mode and AT&T syntax mode. 255<samp><span class="option">intel-mnemonic</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">att-mnemonic</span></samp> select between 256intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode. <samp><span class="option">intel-mnemonic</span></samp> 257implies <samp><span class="option">intel</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">att-mnemonic</span></samp> implies <samp><span class="option">att</span></samp>. 258<samp><span class="option">addr64</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">addr32</span></samp>, 259<samp><span class="option">addr16</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">data32</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">data16</span></samp> specify the default 260address size and operand size. These four options will be overridden if 261<samp><span class="option">x86-64</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">i386</span></samp> or <samp><span class="option">i8086</span></samp> appear later in the 262option string. Lastly, <samp><span class="option">suffix</span></samp>, when in AT&T mode, 263instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the 264suffix could be inferred by the operands. 265 266 <p>For PowerPC, <samp><span class="option">booke</span></samp> controls the disassembly of BookE 267instructions. <samp><span class="option">32</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">64</span></samp> select PowerPC and 268PowerPC64 disassembly, respectively. <samp><span class="option">e300</span></samp> selects 269disassembly for the e300 family. <samp><span class="option">440</span></samp> selects disassembly for 270the PowerPC 440. <samp><span class="option">ppcps</span></samp> selects disassembly for the paired 271single instructions of the PPC750CL. 272 273 <p>For MIPS, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic 274names and register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple 275selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated 276string, and invalid options are ignored: 277 278 <dl> 279<dt><code>no-aliases</code><dd>Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo 280instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move', 281'sll' instead of 'nop', etc. 282 283 <br><dt><code>gpr-names=</code><var>ABI</var><dd>Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate 284for the specified ABI. By default, GPR names are selected according to 285the ABI of the binary being disassembled. 286 287 <br><dt><code>fpr-names=</code><var>ABI</var><dd>Print FPR (floating-point register) names as 288appropriate for the specified ABI. By default, FPR numbers are printed 289rather than names. 290 291 <br><dt><code>cp0-names=</code><var>ARCH</var><dd>Print CP0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names 292as appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by 293<var>ARCH</var>. By default, CP0 register names are selected according to 294the architecture and CPU of the binary being disassembled. 295 296 <br><dt><code>hwr-names=</code><var>ARCH</var><dd>Print HWR (hardware register, used by the <code>rdhwr</code> instruction) names 297as appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by 298<var>ARCH</var>. By default, HWR names are selected according to 299the architecture and CPU of the binary being disassembled. 300 301 <br><dt><code>reg-names=</code><var>ABI</var><dd>Print GPR and FPR names as appropriate for the selected ABI. 302 303 <br><dt><code>reg-names=</code><var>ARCH</var><dd>Print CPU-specific register names (CP0 register and HWR names) 304as appropriate for the selected CPU or architecture. 305</dl> 306 307 <p>For any of the options listed above, <var>ABI</var> or 308<var>ARCH</var> may be specified as ‘<samp><span class="samp">numeric</span></samp>’ to have numbers printed 309rather than names, for the selected types of registers. 310You can list the available values of <var>ABI</var> and <var>ARCH</var> using 311the <samp><span class="option">--help</span></samp> option. 312 313 <p>For VAX, you can specify function entry addresses with <samp><span class="option">-M 314entry:0xf00ba</span></samp>. You can use this multiple times to properly 315disassemble VAX binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like 316ROM dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise 317be decoded as VAX instructions, which would probably lead the rest 318of the function being wrongly disassembled. 319 320 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-p</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--private-headers</span></samp><dd>Print information that is specific to the object file format. The exact 321information printed depends upon the object file format. For some 322object file formats, no additional information is printed. 323 324 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-P </span><var>options</var></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--private=</span><var>options</var></samp><dd>Print information that is specific to the object file format. The 325argument <var>options</var> is a comma separated list that depends on the 326format (the lists of options is displayed with the help). 327 328 <p>For XCOFF, the available options are: <samp><span class="option">header</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">aout</span></samp>, 329<samp><span class="option">sections</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">syms</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">relocs</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">lineno</span></samp>, 330<samp><span class="option">loader</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">except</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">typchk</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">traceback</span></samp> 331and <samp><span class="option">toc</span></samp>. 332 333 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-r</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--reloc</span></samp><dd><a name="index-relocation-entries_002c-in-object-file-81"></a>Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with <samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp> or 334<samp><span class="option">-D</span></samp>, the relocations are printed interspersed with the 335disassembly. 336 337 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-R</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--dynamic-reloc</span></samp><dd><a name="index-dynamic-relocation-entries_002c-in-object-file-82"></a>Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only 338meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared 339libraries. As for <samp><span class="option">-r</span></samp>, if used with <samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp> or 340<samp><span class="option">-D</span></samp>, the relocations are printed interspersed with the 341disassembly. 342 343 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-s</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--full-contents</span></samp><dd><a name="index-sections_002c-full-contents-83"></a><a name="index-object-file-sections-84"></a>Display the full contents of any sections requested. By default all 344non-empty sections are displayed. 345 346 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-S</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--source</span></samp><dd><a name="index-source-disassembly-85"></a><a name="index-disassembly_002c-with-source-86"></a>Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. Implies 347<samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp>. 348 349 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--prefix=</span><var>prefix</var></samp><dd><a name="index-Add-prefix-to-absolute-paths-87"></a>Specify <var>prefix</var> to add to the absolute paths when used with 350<samp><span class="option">-S</span></samp>. 351 352 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--prefix-strip=</span><var>level</var></samp><dd><a name="index-Strip-absolute-paths-88"></a>Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired 353absolute paths. It has no effect without <samp><span class="option">--prefix=</span></samp><var>prefix</var>. 354 355 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--show-raw-insn</span></samp><dd>When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as 356in symbolic form. This is the default except when 357<samp><span class="option">--prefix-addresses</span></samp> is used. 358 359 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--no-show-raw-insn</span></samp><dd>When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes. 360This is the default when <samp><span class="option">--prefix-addresses</span></samp> is used. 361 362 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--insn-width=</span><var>width</var></samp><dd><a name="index-Instruction-width-89"></a>Display <var>width</var> bytes on a single line when disassembling 363instructions. 364 365 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]</span></samp><dd><a name="index-DWARF-90"></a><a name="index-debug-symbols-91"></a>Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are 366present. If one of the optional letters or words follows the switch 367then only data found in those specific sections will be dumped. 368 369 <p>Note that there is no single letter option to display the content of 370trace sections or .gdb_index. 371 372 <p>Note: the output from the <samp><span class="option">=info</span></samp> option can also be affected 373by the options <samp><span class="option">--dwarf-depth</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">--dwarf-start</span></samp>. 374 375 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--dwarf-depth=</span><var>n</var></samp><dd>Limit the dump of the <code>.debug_info</code> section to <var>n</var> children. 376This is only useful with <samp><span class="option">--dwarf=info</span></samp>. The default is 377to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for <var>n</var> will also have this 378effect. 379 380 <p>With a non-zero value for <var>n</var>, DIEs at or deeper than <var>n</var> 381levels will not be printed. The range for <var>n</var> is zero-based. 382 383 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--dwarf-start=</span><var>n</var></samp><dd>Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered <var>n</var>. This is only 384useful with <samp><span class="option">--dwarf=info</span></samp>. 385 386 <p>If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header 387information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered <var>n</var>. Only 388siblings and children of the specified DIE will be printed. 389 390 <p>This can be used in conjunction with <samp><span class="option">--dwarf-depth</span></samp>. 391 392 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-G</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--stabs</span></samp><dd><a name="index-stab-92"></a><a name="index-g_t_002estab-93"></a><a name="index-debug-symbols-94"></a><a name="index-ELF-object-file-format-95"></a>Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the 393contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an 394ELF file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which 395<code>.stab</code> debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an ELF 396section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are 397interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the <samp><span class="option">--syms</span></samp> 398output. 399For more information on stabs symbols, see <a href="../stabs/index.html#Top">Stabs</a>. 400 401 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--start-address=</span><var>address</var></samp><dd><a name="index-start_002daddress-96"></a>Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output 402of the <samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">-r</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-s</span></samp> options. 403 404 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--stop-address=</span><var>address</var></samp><dd><a name="index-stop_002daddress-97"></a>Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output 405of the <samp><span class="option">-d</span></samp>, <samp><span class="option">-r</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">-s</span></samp> options. 406 407 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-t</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--syms</span></samp><dd><a name="index-symbol-table-entries_002c-printing-98"></a>Print the symbol table entries of the file. 408This is similar to the information provided by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">nm</span></samp>’ program, 409although the display format is different. The format of the output 410depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main 411types. One looks like this: 412 413 <pre class="smallexample"> [ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss 414 [ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred 415</pre> 416 <p>where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry 417in the symbol table, the <var>sec</var> number is the section number, the 418<var>fl</var> value are the symbol's flag bits, the <var>ty</var> number is the 419symbol's type, the <var>scl</var> number is the symbol's storage class and 420the <var>nx</var> value is the number of auxilary entries associated with 421the symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name. 422 423 <p>The other common output format, usually seen with ELF based files, 424looks like this: 425 426 <pre class="smallexample"> 00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss 427 00000000 g .text 00000000 fred 428</pre> 429 <p>Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as 430its address). The next field is actually a set of characters and 431spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol. These 432characters are described below. Next is the section with which the 433symbol is associated or <em>*ABS*</em> if the section is absolute (ie 434not connected with any section), or <em>*UND*</em> if the section is 435referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there. 436 437 <p>After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common 438symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size. Finally 439the symbol's name is displayed. 440 441 <p>The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows: 442 <dl> 443<dt><code>l</code><dt><code>g</code><dt><code>u</code><dt><code>!</code><dd>The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither 444global nor local (a space) or both global and local (!). A 445symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of reasons, e.g., 446because it is used for debugging, but it is probably an indication of 447a bug if it is ever both local and global. Unique global symbols are 448a GNU extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings. For such 449a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process 450there is just one symbol with this name and type in use. 451 452 <br><dt><code>w</code><dd>The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space). 453 454 <br><dt><code>C</code><dd>The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space). 455 456 <br><dt><code>W</code><dd>The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A warning 457symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the 458warning symbol is ever referenced. 459 460 <br><dt><code>I</code><br><dt><code>i</code><dd>The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function 461to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a 462space). 463 464 <br><dt><code>d</code><dt><code>D</code><dd>The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a 465normal symbol (a space). 466 467 <br><dt><code>F</code><br><dt><code>f</code><br><dt><code>O</code><dd>The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object 468(O) or just a normal symbol (a space). 469</dl> 470 471 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-T</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--dynamic-syms</span></samp><dd><a name="index-dynamic-symbol-table-entries_002c-printing-99"></a>Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only 472meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared 473libraries. This is similar to the information provided by the ‘<samp><span class="samp">nm</span></samp>’ 474program when given the <samp><span class="option">-D</span></samp> (<samp><span class="option">--dynamic</span></samp>) option. 475 476 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">--special-syms</span></samp><dd>When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be 477special in some way and which would not normally be of interest to the 478user. 479 480 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-V</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--version</span></samp><dd>Print the version number of <samp><span class="command">objdump</span></samp> and exit. 481 482 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-x</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--all-headers</span></samp><dd><a name="index-all-header-information_002c-object-file-100"></a><a name="index-header-information_002c-all-101"></a>Display all available header information, including the symbol table and 483relocation entries. Using <samp><span class="option">-x</span></samp> is equivalent to specifying all of 484<samp><span class="option">-a -f -h -p -r -t</span></samp>. 485 486 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-w</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--wide</span></samp><dd><a name="index-wide-output_002c-printing-102"></a>Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns. 487Also do not truncate symbol names when they are displayed. 488 489 <br><dt><samp><span class="env">-z</span></samp><dt><samp><span class="env">--disassemble-zeroes</span></samp><dd>Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This 490option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like 491any other data. 492</dl> 493 494<!-- man end --> 495 </body></html> 496 497