1/*
2 * RoQ Video Encoder.
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2007 Vitor Sessak <vitor1001@gmail.com>
5 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Eric Lasota
6 *    Based on RoQ specs (C) 2001 Tim Ferguson
7 *
8 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
9 *
10 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
11 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
12 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
13 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
14 *
15 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
18 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
19 *
20 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
21 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
22 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
23 */
24
25/**
26 * @file
27 * id RoQ encoder by Vitor. Based on the Switchblade3 library and the
28 * Switchblade3 FFmpeg glue by Eric Lasota.
29 */
30
31/*
32 * COSTS:
33 * Level 1:
34 *  SKIP - 2 bits
35 *  MOTION - 2 + 8 bits
36 *  CODEBOOK - 2 + 8 bits
37 *  SUBDIVIDE - 2 + combined subcel cost
38 *
39 * Level 2:
40 *  SKIP - 2 bits
41 *  MOTION - 2 + 8 bits
42 *  CODEBOOK - 2 + 8 bits
43 *  SUBDIVIDE - 2 + 4*8 bits
44 *
45 * Maximum cost: 138 bits per cel
46 *
47 * Proper evaluation requires LCD fraction comparison, which requires
48 * Squared Error (SE) loss * savings increase
49 *
50 * Maximum savings increase: 136 bits
51 * Maximum SE loss without overflow: 31580641
52 * Components in 8x8 supercel: 192
53 * Maximum SE precision per component: 164482
54 *    >65025, so no truncation is needed (phew)
55 */
56
57#include <string.h>
58
59#include "roqvideo.h"
60#include "bytestream.h"
61#include "elbg.h"
62#include "mathops.h"
63
64#define CHROMA_BIAS 1
65
66/**
67 * Maximum number of generated 4x4 codebooks. Can't be 256 to workaround a
68 * Quake 3 bug.
69 */
70#define MAX_CBS_4x4 255
71
72#define MAX_CBS_2x2 256 ///< Maximum number of 2x2 codebooks.
73
74/* The cast is useful when multiplying it by INT_MAX */
75#define ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE ((uint64_t) FF_LAMBDA_SCALE)
76
77/* Macroblock support functions */
78static void unpack_roq_cell(roq_cell *cell, uint8_t u[4*3])
79{
80    memcpy(u  , cell->y, 4);
81    memset(u+4, cell->u, 4);
82    memset(u+8, cell->v, 4);
83}
84
85static void unpack_roq_qcell(uint8_t cb2[], roq_qcell *qcell, uint8_t u[4*4*3])
86{
87    int i,cp;
88    static const int offsets[4] = {0, 2, 8, 10};
89
90    for (cp=0; cp<3; cp++)
91        for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
92            u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]  ] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp  ];
93            u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]+1] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp+1];
94            u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]+4] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp+2];
95            u[4*4*cp + offsets[i]+5] = cb2[qcell->idx[i]*2*2*3 + 4*cp+3];
96        }
97}
98
99
100static void enlarge_roq_mb4(uint8_t base[3*16], uint8_t u[3*64])
101{
102    int x,y,cp;
103
104    for(cp=0; cp<3; cp++)
105        for(y=0; y<8; y++)
106            for(x=0; x<8; x++)
107                *u++ = base[(y/2)*4 + (x/2) + 16*cp];
108}
109
110static inline int square(int x)
111{
112    return x*x;
113}
114
115static inline int eval_sse(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int count)
116{
117    int diff=0;
118
119    while(count--)
120        diff += square(*b++ - *a++);
121
122    return diff;
123}
124
125// FIXME Could use DSPContext.sse, but it is not so speed critical (used
126// just for motion estimation).
127static int block_sse(uint8_t **buf1, uint8_t **buf2, int x1, int y1, int x2,
128                     int y2, int *stride1, int *stride2, int size)
129{
130    int i, k;
131    int sse=0;
132
133    for (k=0; k<3; k++) {
134        int bias = (k ? CHROMA_BIAS : 4);
135        for (i=0; i<size; i++)
136            sse += bias*eval_sse(buf1[k] + (y1+i)*stride1[k] + x1,
137                                 buf2[k] + (y2+i)*stride2[k] + x2, size);
138    }
139
140    return sse;
141}
142
143static int eval_motion_dist(RoqContext *enc, int x, int y, motion_vect vect,
144                             int size)
145{
146    int mx=vect.d[0];
147    int my=vect.d[1];
148
149    if (mx < -7 || mx > 7)
150        return INT_MAX;
151
152    if (my < -7 || my > 7)
153        return INT_MAX;
154
155    mx += x;
156    my += y;
157
158    if ((unsigned) mx > enc->width-size || (unsigned) my > enc->height-size)
159        return INT_MAX;
160
161    return block_sse(enc->frame_to_enc->data, enc->last_frame->data, x, y,
162                     mx, my,
163                     enc->frame_to_enc->linesize, enc->last_frame->linesize,
164                     size);
165}
166
167/**
168 * Returns distortion between two macroblocks
169 */
170static inline int squared_diff_macroblock(uint8_t a[], uint8_t b[], int size)
171{
172    int cp, sdiff=0;
173
174    for(cp=0;cp<3;cp++) {
175        int bias = (cp ? CHROMA_BIAS : 4);
176        sdiff += bias*eval_sse(a, b, size*size);
177        a += size*size;
178        b += size*size;
179    }
180
181    return sdiff;
182}
183
184typedef struct
185{
186    int eval_dist[4];
187    int best_bit_use;
188    int best_coding;
189
190    int subCels[4];
191    motion_vect motion;
192    int cbEntry;
193} SubcelEvaluation;
194
195typedef struct
196{
197    int eval_dist[4];
198    int best_coding;
199
200    SubcelEvaluation subCels[4];
201
202    motion_vect motion;
203    int cbEntry;
204
205    int sourceX, sourceY;
206} CelEvaluation;
207
208typedef struct
209{
210    int numCB4;
211    int numCB2;
212    int usedCB2[MAX_CBS_2x2];
213    int usedCB4[MAX_CBS_4x4];
214    uint8_t unpacked_cb2[MAX_CBS_2x2*2*2*3];
215    uint8_t unpacked_cb4[MAX_CBS_4x4*4*4*3];
216    uint8_t unpacked_cb4_enlarged[MAX_CBS_4x4*8*8*3];
217} RoqCodebooks;
218
219/**
220 * Temporary vars
221 */
222typedef struct RoqTempData
223{
224    CelEvaluation *cel_evals;
225
226    int f2i4[MAX_CBS_4x4];
227    int i2f4[MAX_CBS_4x4];
228    int f2i2[MAX_CBS_2x2];
229    int i2f2[MAX_CBS_2x2];
230
231    int mainChunkSize;
232
233    int numCB4;
234    int numCB2;
235
236    RoqCodebooks codebooks;
237
238    int *closest_cb2;
239    int used_option[4];
240} RoqTempdata;
241
242/**
243 * Initializes cel evaluators and sets their source coordinates
244 */
245static void create_cel_evals(RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempData)
246{
247    int n=0, x, y, i;
248
249    tempData->cel_evals = av_malloc(enc->width*enc->height/64 * sizeof(CelEvaluation));
250
251    /* Map to the ROQ quadtree order */
252    for (y=0; y<enc->height; y+=16)
253        for (x=0; x<enc->width; x+=16)
254            for(i=0; i<4; i++) {
255                tempData->cel_evals[n  ].sourceX = x + (i&1)*8;
256                tempData->cel_evals[n++].sourceY = y + (i&2)*4;
257            }
258}
259
260/**
261 * Get macroblocks from parts of the image
262 */
263static void get_frame_mb(AVFrame *frame, int x, int y, uint8_t mb[], int dim)
264{
265    int i, j, cp;
266
267    for (cp=0; cp<3; cp++) {
268        int stride = frame->linesize[cp];
269        for (i=0; i<dim; i++)
270            for (j=0; j<dim; j++)
271                *mb++ = frame->data[cp][(y+i)*stride + x + j];
272    }
273}
274
275/**
276 * Find the codebook with the lowest distortion from an image
277 */
278static int index_mb(uint8_t cluster[], uint8_t cb[], int numCB,
279                    int *outIndex, int dim)
280{
281    int i, lDiff = INT_MAX, pick=0;
282
283    /* Diff against the others */
284    for (i=0; i<numCB; i++) {
285        int diff = squared_diff_macroblock(cluster, cb + i*dim*dim*3, dim);
286        if (diff < lDiff) {
287            lDiff = diff;
288            pick = i;
289        }
290    }
291
292    *outIndex = pick;
293    return lDiff;
294}
295
296#define EVAL_MOTION(MOTION) \
297    do { \
298        diff = eval_motion_dist(enc, j, i, MOTION, blocksize); \
299            \
300        if (diff < lowestdiff) { \
301            lowestdiff = diff; \
302            bestpick = MOTION; \
303        } \
304    } while(0)
305
306static void motion_search(RoqContext *enc, int blocksize)
307{
308    static const motion_vect offsets[8] = {
309        {{ 0,-1}},
310        {{ 0, 1}},
311        {{-1, 0}},
312        {{ 1, 0}},
313        {{-1, 1}},
314        {{ 1,-1}},
315        {{-1,-1}},
316        {{ 1, 1}},
317    };
318
319    int diff, lowestdiff, oldbest;
320    int off[3];
321    motion_vect bestpick = {{0,0}};
322    int i, j, k, offset;
323
324    motion_vect *last_motion;
325    motion_vect *this_motion;
326    motion_vect vect, vect2;
327
328    int max=(enc->width/blocksize)*enc->height/blocksize;
329
330    if (blocksize == 4) {
331        last_motion = enc->last_motion4;
332        this_motion = enc->this_motion4;
333    } else {
334        last_motion = enc->last_motion8;
335        this_motion = enc->this_motion8;
336    }
337
338    for (i=0; i<enc->height; i+=blocksize)
339        for (j=0; j<enc->width; j+=blocksize) {
340            lowestdiff = eval_motion_dist(enc, j, i, (motion_vect) {{0,0}},
341                                          blocksize);
342            bestpick.d[0] = 0;
343            bestpick.d[1] = 0;
344
345            if (blocksize == 4)
346                EVAL_MOTION(enc->this_motion8[(i/8)*(enc->width/8) + j/8]);
347
348            offset = (i/blocksize)*enc->width/blocksize + j/blocksize;
349            if (offset < max && offset >= 0)
350                EVAL_MOTION(last_motion[offset]);
351
352            offset++;
353            if (offset < max && offset >= 0)
354                EVAL_MOTION(last_motion[offset]);
355
356            offset = (i/blocksize + 1)*enc->width/blocksize + j/blocksize;
357            if (offset < max && offset >= 0)
358                EVAL_MOTION(last_motion[offset]);
359
360            off[0]= (i/blocksize)*enc->width/blocksize + j/blocksize - 1;
361            off[1]= off[0] - enc->width/blocksize + 1;
362            off[2]= off[1] + 1;
363
364            if (i) {
365
366                for(k=0; k<2; k++)
367                    vect.d[k]= mid_pred(this_motion[off[0]].d[k],
368                                        this_motion[off[1]].d[k],
369                                        this_motion[off[2]].d[k]);
370
371                EVAL_MOTION(vect);
372                for(k=0; k<3; k++)
373                    EVAL_MOTION(this_motion[off[k]]);
374            } else if(j)
375                EVAL_MOTION(this_motion[off[0]]);
376
377            vect = bestpick;
378
379            oldbest = -1;
380            while (oldbest != lowestdiff) {
381                oldbest = lowestdiff;
382                for (k=0; k<8; k++) {
383                    vect2 = vect;
384                    vect2.d[0] += offsets[k].d[0];
385                    vect2.d[1] += offsets[k].d[1];
386                    EVAL_MOTION(vect2);
387                }
388                vect = bestpick;
389            }
390            offset = (i/blocksize)*enc->width/blocksize + j/blocksize;
391            this_motion[offset] = bestpick;
392        }
393}
394
395/**
396 * Gets distortion for all options available to a subcel
397 */
398static void gather_data_for_subcel(SubcelEvaluation *subcel, int x,
399                                   int y, RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempData)
400{
401    uint8_t mb4[4*4*3];
402    uint8_t mb2[2*2*3];
403    int cluster_index;
404    int i, best_dist;
405
406    static const int bitsUsed[4] = {2, 10, 10, 34};
407
408    if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 1) {
409        subcel->motion = enc->this_motion4[y*enc->width/16 + x/4];
410
411        subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] =
412            eval_motion_dist(enc, x, y,
413                             enc->this_motion4[y*enc->width/16 + x/4], 4);
414    } else
415        subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] = INT_MAX;
416
417    if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 2)
418        subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = block_sse(enc->frame_to_enc->data,
419                                                  enc->current_frame->data, x,
420                                                  y, x, y,
421                                                  enc->frame_to_enc->linesize,
422                                                  enc->current_frame->linesize,
423                                                  4);
424    else
425        subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = INT_MAX;
426
427    cluster_index = y*enc->width/16 + x/4;
428
429    get_frame_mb(enc->frame_to_enc, x, y, mb4, 4);
430
431    subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_SLD] = index_mb(mb4,
432                                             tempData->codebooks.unpacked_cb4,
433                                             tempData->codebooks.numCB4,
434                                             &subcel->cbEntry, 4);
435
436    subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] = 0;
437
438    for(i=0;i<4;i++) {
439        subcel->subCels[i] = tempData->closest_cb2[cluster_index*4+i];
440
441        get_frame_mb(enc->frame_to_enc, x+2*(i&1),
442                     y+(i&2), mb2, 2);
443
444        subcel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] +=
445            squared_diff_macroblock(tempData->codebooks.unpacked_cb2 + subcel->subCels[i]*2*2*3, mb2, 2);
446    }
447
448    best_dist = INT_MAX;
449    for (i=0; i<4; i++)
450        if (ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*subcel->eval_dist[i] + enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i] <
451            best_dist) {
452            subcel->best_coding = i;
453            subcel->best_bit_use = bitsUsed[i];
454            best_dist = ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*subcel->eval_dist[i] +
455                enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i];
456        }
457}
458
459/**
460 * Gets distortion for all options available to a cel
461 */
462static void gather_data_for_cel(CelEvaluation *cel, RoqContext *enc,
463                                RoqTempdata *tempData)
464{
465    uint8_t mb8[8*8*3];
466    int index = cel->sourceY*enc->width/64 + cel->sourceX/8;
467    int i, j, best_dist, divide_bit_use;
468
469    int bitsUsed[4] = {2, 10, 10, 0};
470
471    if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 1) {
472        cel->motion = enc->this_motion8[index];
473
474        cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] =
475            eval_motion_dist(enc, cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY,
476                             enc->this_motion8[index], 8);
477    } else
478        cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_FCC] = INT_MAX;
479
480    if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 2)
481        cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = block_sse(enc->frame_to_enc->data,
482                                               enc->current_frame->data,
483                                               cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY,
484                                               cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY,
485                                               enc->frame_to_enc->linesize,
486                                               enc->current_frame->linesize,8);
487    else
488        cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_MOT] = INT_MAX;
489
490    get_frame_mb(enc->frame_to_enc, cel->sourceX, cel->sourceY, mb8, 8);
491
492    cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_SLD] =
493        index_mb(mb8, tempData->codebooks.unpacked_cb4_enlarged,
494                 tempData->codebooks.numCB4, &cel->cbEntry, 8);
495
496    gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 0, cel->sourceX+0, cel->sourceY+0, enc, tempData);
497    gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 1, cel->sourceX+4, cel->sourceY+0, enc, tempData);
498    gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 2, cel->sourceX+0, cel->sourceY+4, enc, tempData);
499    gather_data_for_subcel(cel->subCels + 3, cel->sourceX+4, cel->sourceY+4, enc, tempData);
500
501    cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] = 0;
502    divide_bit_use = 0;
503    for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
504        cel->eval_dist[RoQ_ID_CCC] +=
505            cel->subCels[i].eval_dist[cel->subCels[i].best_coding];
506        divide_bit_use += cel->subCels[i].best_bit_use;
507    }
508
509    best_dist = INT_MAX;
510    bitsUsed[3] = 2 + divide_bit_use;
511
512    for (i=0; i<4; i++)
513        if (ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*cel->eval_dist[i] + enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i] <
514            best_dist) {
515            cel->best_coding = i;
516            best_dist = ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE*cel->eval_dist[i] +
517                enc->lambda*bitsUsed[i];
518        }
519
520    tempData->used_option[cel->best_coding]++;
521    tempData->mainChunkSize += bitsUsed[cel->best_coding];
522
523    if (cel->best_coding == RoQ_ID_SLD)
524        tempData->codebooks.usedCB4[cel->cbEntry]++;
525
526    if (cel->best_coding == RoQ_ID_CCC)
527        for (i=0; i<4; i++) {
528            if (cel->subCels[i].best_coding == RoQ_ID_SLD)
529                tempData->codebooks.usedCB4[cel->subCels[i].cbEntry]++;
530            else if (cel->subCels[i].best_coding == RoQ_ID_CCC)
531                for (j=0; j<4; j++)
532                    tempData->codebooks.usedCB2[cel->subCels[i].subCels[j]]++;
533        }
534}
535
536static void remap_codebooks(RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempData)
537{
538    int i, j, idx=0;
539
540    /* Make remaps for the final codebook usage */
541    for (i=0; i<MAX_CBS_4x4; i++) {
542        if (tempData->codebooks.usedCB4[i]) {
543            tempData->i2f4[i] = idx;
544            tempData->f2i4[idx] = i;
545            for (j=0; j<4; j++)
546                tempData->codebooks.usedCB2[enc->cb4x4[i].idx[j]]++;
547            idx++;
548        }
549    }
550
551    tempData->numCB4 = idx;
552
553    idx = 0;
554    for (i=0; i<MAX_CBS_2x2; i++) {
555        if (tempData->codebooks.usedCB2[i]) {
556            tempData->i2f2[i] = idx;
557            tempData->f2i2[idx] = i;
558            idx++;
559        }
560    }
561    tempData->numCB2 = idx;
562
563}
564
565/**
566 * Write codebook chunk
567 */
568static void write_codebooks(RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempData)
569{
570    int i, j;
571    uint8_t **outp= &enc->out_buf;
572
573    if (tempData->numCB2) {
574        bytestream_put_le16(outp, RoQ_QUAD_CODEBOOK);
575        bytestream_put_le32(outp, tempData->numCB2*6 + tempData->numCB4*4);
576        bytestream_put_byte(outp, tempData->numCB4);
577        bytestream_put_byte(outp, tempData->numCB2);
578
579        for (i=0; i<tempData->numCB2; i++) {
580            bytestream_put_buffer(outp, enc->cb2x2[tempData->f2i2[i]].y, 4);
581            bytestream_put_byte(outp, enc->cb2x2[tempData->f2i2[i]].u);
582            bytestream_put_byte(outp, enc->cb2x2[tempData->f2i2[i]].v);
583        }
584
585        for (i=0; i<tempData->numCB4; i++)
586            for (j=0; j<4; j++)
587                bytestream_put_byte(outp, tempData->i2f2[enc->cb4x4[tempData->f2i4[i]].idx[j]]);
588
589    }
590}
591
592static inline uint8_t motion_arg(motion_vect mot)
593{
594    uint8_t ax = 8 - ((uint8_t) mot.d[0]);
595    uint8_t ay = 8 - ((uint8_t) mot.d[1]);
596    return ((ax&15)<<4) | (ay&15);
597}
598
599typedef struct
600{
601    int typeSpool;
602    int typeSpoolLength;
603    uint8_t argumentSpool[64];
604    uint8_t *args;
605    uint8_t **pout;
606} CodingSpool;
607
608/* NOTE: Typecodes must be spooled AFTER arguments!! */
609static void write_typecode(CodingSpool *s, uint8_t type)
610{
611    s->typeSpool |= (type & 3) << (14 - s->typeSpoolLength);
612    s->typeSpoolLength += 2;
613    if (s->typeSpoolLength == 16) {
614        bytestream_put_le16(s->pout, s->typeSpool);
615        bytestream_put_buffer(s->pout, s->argumentSpool,
616                              s->args - s->argumentSpool);
617        s->typeSpoolLength = 0;
618        s->typeSpool = 0;
619        s->args = s->argumentSpool;
620    }
621}
622
623static void reconstruct_and_encode_image(RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempData, int w, int h, int numBlocks)
624{
625    int i, j, k;
626    int x, y;
627    int subX, subY;
628    int dist=0;
629
630    roq_qcell *qcell;
631    CelEvaluation *eval;
632
633    CodingSpool spool;
634
635    spool.typeSpool=0;
636    spool.typeSpoolLength=0;
637    spool.args = spool.argumentSpool;
638    spool.pout = &enc->out_buf;
639
640    if (tempData->used_option[RoQ_ID_CCC]%2)
641        tempData->mainChunkSize+=8; //FIXME
642
643    /* Write the video chunk header */
644    bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, RoQ_QUAD_VQ);
645    bytestream_put_le32(&enc->out_buf, tempData->mainChunkSize/8);
646    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x0);
647    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x0);
648
649    for (i=0; i<numBlocks; i++) {
650        eval = tempData->cel_evals + i;
651
652        x = eval->sourceX;
653        y = eval->sourceY;
654        dist += eval->eval_dist[eval->best_coding];
655
656        switch (eval->best_coding) {
657        case RoQ_ID_MOT:
658            write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_MOT);
659            break;
660
661        case RoQ_ID_FCC:
662            bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args, motion_arg(eval->motion));
663
664            write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_FCC);
665            ff_apply_motion_8x8(enc, x, y,
666                                eval->motion.d[0], eval->motion.d[1]);
667            break;
668
669        case RoQ_ID_SLD:
670            bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args, tempData->i2f4[eval->cbEntry]);
671            write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_SLD);
672
673            qcell = enc->cb4x4 + eval->cbEntry;
674            ff_apply_vector_4x4(enc, x  , y  , enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[0]);
675            ff_apply_vector_4x4(enc, x+4, y  , enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[1]);
676            ff_apply_vector_4x4(enc, x  , y+4, enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[2]);
677            ff_apply_vector_4x4(enc, x+4, y+4, enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[3]);
678            break;
679
680        case RoQ_ID_CCC:
681            write_typecode(&spool, RoQ_ID_CCC);
682
683            for (j=0; j<4; j++) {
684                subX = x + 4*(j&1);
685                subY = y + 2*(j&2);
686
687                switch(eval->subCels[j].best_coding) {
688                case RoQ_ID_MOT:
689                    break;
690
691                case RoQ_ID_FCC:
692                    bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args,
693                                        motion_arg(eval->subCels[j].motion));
694
695                    ff_apply_motion_4x4(enc, subX, subY,
696                                        eval->subCels[j].motion.d[0],
697                                        eval->subCels[j].motion.d[1]);
698                    break;
699
700                case RoQ_ID_SLD:
701                    bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args,
702                                        tempData->i2f4[eval->subCels[j].cbEntry]);
703
704                    qcell = enc->cb4x4 + eval->subCels[j].cbEntry;
705
706                    ff_apply_vector_2x2(enc, subX  , subY  ,
707                                        enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[0]);
708                    ff_apply_vector_2x2(enc, subX+2, subY  ,
709                                        enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[1]);
710                    ff_apply_vector_2x2(enc, subX  , subY+2,
711                                        enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[2]);
712                    ff_apply_vector_2x2(enc, subX+2, subY+2,
713                                        enc->cb2x2 + qcell->idx[3]);
714                    break;
715
716                case RoQ_ID_CCC:
717                    for (k=0; k<4; k++) {
718                        int cb_idx = eval->subCels[j].subCels[k];
719                        bytestream_put_byte(&spool.args,
720                                            tempData->i2f2[cb_idx]);
721
722                        ff_apply_vector_2x2(enc, subX + 2*(k&1), subY + (k&2),
723                                            enc->cb2x2 + cb_idx);
724                    }
725                    break;
726                }
727                write_typecode(&spool, eval->subCels[j].best_coding);
728            }
729            break;
730        }
731    }
732
733    /* Flush the remainder of the argument/type spool */
734    while (spool.typeSpoolLength)
735        write_typecode(&spool, 0x0);
736
737#if 0
738    uint8_t *fdata[3] = {enc->frame_to_enc->data[0],
739                           enc->frame_to_enc->data[1],
740                           enc->frame_to_enc->data[2]};
741    uint8_t *cdata[3] = {enc->current_frame->data[0],
742                           enc->current_frame->data[1],
743                           enc->current_frame->data[2]};
744    av_log(enc->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Expected distortion: %i Actual: %i\n",
745           dist,
746           block_sse(fdata, cdata, 0, 0, 0, 0,
747                     enc->frame_to_enc->linesize,
748                     enc->current_frame->linesize,
749                     enc->width));  //WARNING: Square dimensions implied...
750#endif
751}
752
753
754/**
755 * Create a single YUV cell from a 2x2 section of the image
756 */
757static inline void frame_block_to_cell(uint8_t *block, uint8_t **data,
758                                       int top, int left, int *stride)
759{
760    int i, j, u=0, v=0;
761
762    for (i=0; i<2; i++)
763        for (j=0; j<2; j++) {
764            int x = (top+i)*stride[0] + left + j;
765            *block++ = data[0][x];
766            x = (top+i)*stride[1] + left + j;
767            u       += data[1][x];
768            v       += data[2][x];
769        }
770
771    *block++ = (u+2)/4;
772    *block++ = (v+2)/4;
773}
774
775/**
776 * Creates YUV clusters for the entire image
777 */
778static void create_clusters(AVFrame *frame, int w, int h, uint8_t *yuvClusters)
779{
780    int i, j, k, l;
781
782    for (i=0; i<h; i+=4)
783        for (j=0; j<w; j+=4) {
784            for (k=0; k < 2; k++)
785                for (l=0; l < 2; l++)
786                    frame_block_to_cell(yuvClusters + (l + 2*k)*6, frame->data,
787                                        i+2*k, j+2*l, frame->linesize);
788            yuvClusters += 24;
789        }
790}
791
792static void generate_codebook(RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempdata,
793                              int *points, int inputCount, roq_cell *results,
794                              int size, int cbsize)
795{
796    int i, j, k;
797    int c_size = size*size/4;
798    int *buf;
799    int *codebook = av_malloc(6*c_size*cbsize*sizeof(int));
800    int *closest_cb;
801
802    if (size == 4)
803        closest_cb = av_malloc(6*c_size*inputCount*sizeof(int));
804    else
805        closest_cb = tempdata->closest_cb2;
806
807    ff_init_elbg(points, 6*c_size, inputCount, codebook, cbsize, 1, closest_cb, &enc->randctx);
808    ff_do_elbg(points, 6*c_size, inputCount, codebook, cbsize, 1, closest_cb, &enc->randctx);
809
810    if (size == 4)
811        av_free(closest_cb);
812
813    buf = codebook;
814    for (i=0; i<cbsize; i++)
815        for (k=0; k<c_size; k++) {
816            for(j=0; j<4; j++)
817                results->y[j] = *buf++;
818
819            results->u =    (*buf++ + CHROMA_BIAS/2)/CHROMA_BIAS;
820            results->v =    (*buf++ + CHROMA_BIAS/2)/CHROMA_BIAS;
821            results++;
822        }
823
824    av_free(codebook);
825}
826
827static void generate_new_codebooks(RoqContext *enc, RoqTempdata *tempData)
828{
829    int i,j;
830    RoqCodebooks *codebooks = &tempData->codebooks;
831    int max = enc->width*enc->height/16;
832    uint8_t mb2[3*4];
833    roq_cell *results4 = av_malloc(sizeof(roq_cell)*MAX_CBS_4x4*4);
834    uint8_t *yuvClusters=av_malloc(sizeof(int)*max*6*4);
835    int *points = av_malloc(max*6*4*sizeof(int));
836    int bias;
837
838    /* Subsample YUV data */
839    create_clusters(enc->frame_to_enc, enc->width, enc->height, yuvClusters);
840
841    /* Cast to integer and apply chroma bias */
842    for (i=0; i<max*24; i++) {
843        bias = ((i%6)<4) ? 1 : CHROMA_BIAS;
844        points[i] = bias*yuvClusters[i];
845    }
846
847    /* Create 4x4 codebooks */
848    generate_codebook(enc, tempData, points, max, results4, 4, MAX_CBS_4x4);
849
850    codebooks->numCB4 = MAX_CBS_4x4;
851
852    tempData->closest_cb2 = av_malloc(max*4*sizeof(int));
853
854    /* Create 2x2 codebooks */
855    generate_codebook(enc, tempData, points, max*4, enc->cb2x2, 2, MAX_CBS_2x2);
856
857    codebooks->numCB2 = MAX_CBS_2x2;
858
859    /* Unpack 2x2 codebook clusters */
860    for (i=0; i<codebooks->numCB2; i++)
861        unpack_roq_cell(enc->cb2x2 + i, codebooks->unpacked_cb2 + i*2*2*3);
862
863    /* Index all 4x4 entries to the 2x2 entries, unpack, and enlarge */
864    for (i=0; i<codebooks->numCB4; i++) {
865        for (j=0; j<4; j++) {
866            unpack_roq_cell(&results4[4*i + j], mb2);
867            index_mb(mb2, codebooks->unpacked_cb2, codebooks->numCB2,
868                     &enc->cb4x4[i].idx[j], 2);
869        }
870        unpack_roq_qcell(codebooks->unpacked_cb2, enc->cb4x4 + i,
871                         codebooks->unpacked_cb4 + i*4*4*3);
872        enlarge_roq_mb4(codebooks->unpacked_cb4 + i*4*4*3,
873                        codebooks->unpacked_cb4_enlarged + i*8*8*3);
874    }
875
876    av_free(yuvClusters);
877    av_free(points);
878    av_free(results4);
879}
880
881static void roq_encode_video(RoqContext *enc)
882{
883    RoqTempdata *tempData = enc->tmpData;
884    int i;
885
886    memset(tempData, 0, sizeof(*tempData));
887
888    create_cel_evals(enc, tempData);
889
890    generate_new_codebooks(enc, tempData);
891
892    if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe >= 1) {
893        motion_search(enc, 8);
894        motion_search(enc, 4);
895    }
896
897 retry_encode:
898    for (i=0; i<enc->width*enc->height/64; i++)
899        gather_data_for_cel(tempData->cel_evals + i, enc, tempData);
900
901    /* Quake 3 can't handle chunks bigger than 65536 bytes */
902    if (tempData->mainChunkSize/8 > 65536) {
903        enc->lambda *= .8;
904        goto retry_encode;
905    }
906
907    remap_codebooks(enc, tempData);
908
909    write_codebooks(enc, tempData);
910
911    reconstruct_and_encode_image(enc, tempData, enc->width, enc->height,
912                                 enc->width*enc->height/64);
913
914    enc->avctx->coded_frame = enc->current_frame;
915
916    /* Rotate frame history */
917    FFSWAP(AVFrame *, enc->current_frame, enc->last_frame);
918    FFSWAP(motion_vect *, enc->last_motion4, enc->this_motion4);
919    FFSWAP(motion_vect *, enc->last_motion8, enc->this_motion8);
920
921    av_free(tempData->cel_evals);
922    av_free(tempData->closest_cb2);
923
924    enc->framesSinceKeyframe++;
925}
926
927static int roq_encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
928{
929    RoqContext *enc = avctx->priv_data;
930
931    av_lfg_init(&enc->randctx, 1);
932
933    enc->framesSinceKeyframe = 0;
934    if ((avctx->width & 0xf) || (avctx->height & 0xf)) {
935        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Dimensions must be divisible by 16\n");
936        return -1;
937    }
938
939    if (((avctx->width)&(avctx->width-1))||((avctx->height)&(avctx->height-1)))
940        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Warning: dimensions not power of two\n");
941
942    enc->width = avctx->width;
943    enc->height = avctx->height;
944
945    enc->framesSinceKeyframe = 0;
946    enc->first_frame = 1;
947
948    enc->last_frame    = &enc->frames[0];
949    enc->current_frame = &enc->frames[1];
950
951    enc->tmpData      = av_malloc(sizeof(RoqTempdata));
952
953    enc->this_motion4 =
954        av_mallocz((enc->width*enc->height/16)*sizeof(motion_vect));
955
956    enc->last_motion4 =
957        av_malloc ((enc->width*enc->height/16)*sizeof(motion_vect));
958
959    enc->this_motion8 =
960        av_mallocz((enc->width*enc->height/64)*sizeof(motion_vect));
961
962    enc->last_motion8 =
963        av_malloc ((enc->width*enc->height/64)*sizeof(motion_vect));
964
965    return 0;
966}
967
968static void roq_write_video_info_chunk(RoqContext *enc)
969{
970    /* ROQ info chunk */
971    bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, RoQ_INFO);
972
973    /* Size: 8 bytes */
974    bytestream_put_le32(&enc->out_buf, 8);
975
976    /* Unused argument */
977    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
978    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
979
980    /* Width */
981    bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, enc->width);
982
983    /* Height */
984    bytestream_put_le16(&enc->out_buf, enc->height);
985
986    /* Unused in Quake 3, mimics the output of the real encoder */
987    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x08);
988    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
989    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x04);
990    bytestream_put_byte(&enc->out_buf, 0x00);
991}
992
993static int roq_encode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned char *buf, int buf_size, void *data)
994{
995    RoqContext *enc = avctx->priv_data;
996    AVFrame *frame= data;
997    uint8_t *buf_start = buf;
998
999    enc->out_buf = buf;
1000    enc->avctx = avctx;
1001
1002    enc->frame_to_enc = frame;
1003
1004    if (frame->quality)
1005        enc->lambda = frame->quality - 1;
1006    else
1007        enc->lambda = 2*ROQ_LAMBDA_SCALE;
1008
1009    /* 138 bits max per 8x8 block +
1010     *     256 codebooks*(6 bytes 2x2 + 4 bytes 4x4) + 8 bytes frame header */
1011    if (((enc->width*enc->height/64)*138+7)/8 + 256*(6+4) + 8 > buf_size) {
1012        av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "  RoQ: Output buffer too small!\n");
1013        return -1;
1014    }
1015
1016    /* Check for I frame */
1017    if (enc->framesSinceKeyframe == avctx->gop_size)
1018        enc->framesSinceKeyframe = 0;
1019
1020    if (enc->first_frame) {
1021        /* Alloc memory for the reconstruction data (we must know the stride
1022         for that) */
1023        if (avctx->get_buffer(avctx, enc->current_frame) ||
1024            avctx->get_buffer(avctx, enc->last_frame)) {
1025            av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "  RoQ: get_buffer() failed\n");
1026            return -1;
1027        }
1028
1029        /* Before the first video frame, write a "video info" chunk */
1030        roq_write_video_info_chunk(enc);
1031
1032        enc->first_frame = 0;
1033    }
1034
1035    /* Encode the actual frame */
1036    roq_encode_video(enc);
1037
1038    return enc->out_buf - buf_start;
1039}
1040
1041static int roq_encode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
1042{
1043    RoqContext *enc = avctx->priv_data;
1044
1045    avctx->release_buffer(avctx, enc->last_frame);
1046    avctx->release_buffer(avctx, enc->current_frame);
1047
1048    av_free(enc->tmpData);
1049    av_free(enc->this_motion4);
1050    av_free(enc->last_motion4);
1051    av_free(enc->this_motion8);
1052    av_free(enc->last_motion8);
1053
1054    return 0;
1055}
1056
1057AVCodec roq_encoder =
1058{
1059    "roqvideo",
1060    AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
1061    CODEC_ID_ROQ,
1062    sizeof(RoqContext),
1063    roq_encode_init,
1064    roq_encode_frame,
1065    roq_encode_end,
1066    .supported_framerates = (const AVRational[]){{30,1}, {0,0}},
1067    .pix_fmts = (const enum PixelFormat[]){PIX_FMT_YUV444P, PIX_FMT_NONE},
1068    .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("id RoQ video"),
1069};
1070