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| /linux-master/fs/kernfs/ | ||
| H A D | mount.c | diff 68279f9c Wed Oct 11 10:55:00 MDT 2023 Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> treewide: mark stuff as __ro_after_init __read_mostly predates __ro_after_init. Many variables which are marked __read_mostly should have been __ro_after_init from day 1. Also, mark some stuff as "const" and "__init" while I'm at it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: revert sysctl_nr_open_min, sysctl_nr_open_max changes due to arm warning] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style cleanups] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/4f6bb9c0-abba-4ee4-a7aa-89265e886817@p183 Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> diff 68279f9c Wed Oct 11 10:55:00 MDT 2023 Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> treewide: mark stuff as __ro_after_init __read_mostly predates __ro_after_init. Many variables which are marked __read_mostly should have been __ro_after_init from day 1. Also, mark some stuff as "const" and "__init" while I'm at it. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: revert sysctl_nr_open_min, sysctl_nr_open_max changes due to arm warning] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style cleanups] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/4f6bb9c0-abba-4ee4-a7aa-89265e886817@p183 Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> diff 23bf1b6b Thu Nov 01 17:07:26 MDT 2018 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> kernfs, sysfs, cgroup, intel_rdt: Support fs_context Make kernfs support superblock creation/mount/remount with fs_context. This requires that sysfs, cgroup and intel_rdt, which are built on kernfs, be made to support fs_context also. Notes: (1) A kernfs_fs_context struct is created to wrap fs_context and the kernfs mount parameters are moved in here (or are in fs_context). (2) kernfs_mount{,_ns}() are made into kernfs_get_tree(). The extra namespace tag parameter is passed in the context if desired (3) kernfs_free_fs_context() is provided as a destructor for the kernfs_fs_context struct, but for the moment it does nothing except get called in the right places. (4) sysfs doesn't wrap kernfs_fs_context since it has no parameters to pass, but possibly this should be done anyway in case someone wants to add a parameter in future. (5) A cgroup_fs_context struct is created to wrap kernfs_fs_context and the cgroup v1 and v2 mount parameters are all moved there. (6) cgroup1 parameter parsing error messages are now handled by invalf(), which allows userspace to collect them directly. (7) cgroup1 parameter cleanup is now done in the context destructor rather than in the mount/get_tree and remount functions. Weirdies: (*) cgroup_do_get_tree() calls cset_cgroup_from_root() with locks held, but then uses the resulting pointer after dropping the locks. I'm told this is okay and needs commenting. (*) The cgroup refcount web. This really needs documenting. (*) cgroup2 only has one root? Add a suggestion from Thomas Gleixner in which the RDT enablement code is placed into its own function. [folded a leak fix from Andrey Vagin] Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org cc: fenghua.yu@intel.com Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> diff 4b85afbd Fri Oct 26 16:06:42 MDT 2018 Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> mm: zero-seek shrinkers The page cache and most shrinkable slab caches hold data that has been read from disk, but there are some caches that only cache CPU work, such as the dentry and inode caches of procfs and sysfs, as well as the subset of radix tree nodes that track non-resident page cache. Currently, all these are shrunk at the same rate: using DEFAULT_SEEKS for the shrinker's seeks setting tells the reclaim algorithm that for every two page cache pages scanned it should scan one slab object. This is a bogus setting. A virtual inode that required no IO to create is not twice as valuable as a page cache page; shadow cache entries with eviction distances beyond the size of memory aren't either. In most cases, the behavior in practice is still fine. Such virtual caches don't tend to grow and assert themselves aggressively, and usually get picked up before they cause problems. But there are scenarios where that's not true. Our database workloads suffer from two of those. For one, their file workingset is several times bigger than available memory, which has the kernel aggressively create shadow page cache entries for the non-resident parts of it. The workingset code does tell the VM that most of these are expendable, but the VM ends up balancing them 2:1 to cache pages as per the seeks setting. This is a huge waste of memory. These workloads also deal with tens of thousands of open files and use /proc for introspection, which ends up growing the proc_inode_cache to absurdly large sizes - again at the cost of valuable cache space, which isn't a reasonable trade-off, given that proc inodes can be re-created without involving the disk. This patch implements a "zero-seek" setting for shrinkers that results in a target ratio of 0:1 between their objects and IO-backed caches. This allows such virtual caches to grow when memory is available (they do cache/avoid CPU work after all), but effectively disables them as soon as IO-backed objects are under pressure. It then switches the shrinkers for procfs and sysfs metadata, as well as excess page cache shadow nodes, to the new zero-seek setting. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181009184732.762-5-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Reported-by: Domas Mituzas <dmituzas@fb.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> diff 4f41fc59 Mon May 09 08:59:55 MDT 2016 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> cgroup, kernfs: make mountinfo show properly scoped path for cgroup namespaces Patch summary: When showing a cgroupfs entry in mountinfo, show the path of the mount root dentry relative to the reader's cgroup namespace root. Short explanation (courtesy of mkerrisk): If we create a new cgroup namespace, then we want both /proc/self/cgroup and /proc/self/mountinfo to show cgroup paths that are correctly virtualized with respect to the cgroup mount point. Previous to this patch, /proc/self/cgroup shows the right info, but /proc/self/mountinfo does not. Long version: When a uid 0 task which is in freezer cgroup /a/b, unshares a new cgroup namespace, and then mounts a new instance of the freezer cgroup, the new mount will be rooted at /a/b. The root dentry field of the mountinfo entry will show '/a/b'. cat > /tmp/do1 << EOF mount -t cgroup -o freezer freezer /mnt grep freezer /proc/self/mountinfo EOF unshare -Gm bash /tmp/do1 > 330 160 0:34 / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer > 355 133 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,relatime - cgroup freezer rw,freezer The task's freezer cgroup entry in /proc/self/cgroup will simply show '/': grep freezer /proc/self/cgroup 9:freezer:/ If instead the same task simply bind mounts the /a/b cgroup directory, the resulting mountinfo entry will again show /a/b for the dentry root. However in this case the task will find its own cgroup at /mnt/a/b, not at /mnt: mount --bind /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/a/b /mnt 130 25 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:21 - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer In other words, there is no way for the task to know, based on what is in mountinfo, which cgroup directory is its own. Example (by mkerrisk): First, a little script to save some typing and verbiage: echo -e "\t/proc/self/cgroup:\t$(cat /proc/self/cgroup | grep freezer)" cat /proc/self/mountinfo | grep freezer | awk '{print "\tmountinfo:\t\t" $4 "\t" $5}' Create cgroup, place this shell into the cgroup, and look at the state of the /proc files: 2653 2653 # Our shell 14254 # cat(1) /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer Create a shell in new cgroup and mount namespaces. The act of creating a new cgroup namespace causes the process's current cgroups directories to become its cgroup root directories. (Here, I'm using my own version of the "unshare" utility, which takes the same options as the util-linux version): Look at the state of the /proc files: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer The third entry in /proc/self/cgroup (the pathname of the cgroup inside the hierarchy) is correctly virtualized w.r.t. the cgroup namespace, which is rooted at /a/b in the outer namespace. However, the info in /proc/self/mountinfo is not for this cgroup namespace, since we are seeing a duplicate of the mount from the old mount namespace, and the info there does not correspond to the new cgroup namespace. However, trying to create a new mount still doesn't show us the right information in mountinfo: # propagating to other mountns /proc/self/cgroup: 7:freezer:/ mountinfo: /a/b /mnt/freezer The act of creating a new cgroup namespace caused the process's current freezer directory, "/a/b", to become its cgroup freezer root directory. In other words, the pathname directory of the directory within the newly mounted cgroup filesystem should be "/", but mountinfo wrongly shows us "/a/b". The consequence of this is that the process in the cgroup namespace cannot correctly construct the pathname of its cgroup root directory from the information in /proc/PID/mountinfo. With this patch, the dentry root field in mountinfo is shown relative to the reader's cgroup namespace. So the same steps as above: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: /../.. /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /mnt/freezer cgroup.clone_children freezer.parent_freezing freezer.state tasks cgroup.procs freezer.self_freezing notify_on_release 3164 2653 # First shell that placed in this cgroup 3164 # Shell started by 'unshare' 14197 # cat(1) Signed-off-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> diff 4f41fc59 Mon May 09 08:59:55 MDT 2016 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> cgroup, kernfs: make mountinfo show properly scoped path for cgroup namespaces Patch summary: When showing a cgroupfs entry in mountinfo, show the path of the mount root dentry relative to the reader's cgroup namespace root. Short explanation (courtesy of mkerrisk): If we create a new cgroup namespace, then we want both /proc/self/cgroup and /proc/self/mountinfo to show cgroup paths that are correctly virtualized with respect to the cgroup mount point. Previous to this patch, /proc/self/cgroup shows the right info, but /proc/self/mountinfo does not. Long version: When a uid 0 task which is in freezer cgroup /a/b, unshares a new cgroup namespace, and then mounts a new instance of the freezer cgroup, the new mount will be rooted at /a/b. The root dentry field of the mountinfo entry will show '/a/b'. cat > /tmp/do1 << EOF mount -t cgroup -o freezer freezer /mnt grep freezer /proc/self/mountinfo EOF unshare -Gm bash /tmp/do1 > 330 160 0:34 / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer > 355 133 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,relatime - cgroup freezer rw,freezer The task's freezer cgroup entry in /proc/self/cgroup will simply show '/': grep freezer /proc/self/cgroup 9:freezer:/ If instead the same task simply bind mounts the /a/b cgroup directory, the resulting mountinfo entry will again show /a/b for the dentry root. However in this case the task will find its own cgroup at /mnt/a/b, not at /mnt: mount --bind /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/a/b /mnt 130 25 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:21 - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer In other words, there is no way for the task to know, based on what is in mountinfo, which cgroup directory is its own. Example (by mkerrisk): First, a little script to save some typing and verbiage: echo -e "\t/proc/self/cgroup:\t$(cat /proc/self/cgroup | grep freezer)" cat /proc/self/mountinfo | grep freezer | awk '{print "\tmountinfo:\t\t" $4 "\t" $5}' Create cgroup, place this shell into the cgroup, and look at the state of the /proc files: 2653 2653 # Our shell 14254 # cat(1) /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer Create a shell in new cgroup and mount namespaces. The act of creating a new cgroup namespace causes the process's current cgroups directories to become its cgroup root directories. (Here, I'm using my own version of the "unshare" utility, which takes the same options as the util-linux version): Look at the state of the /proc files: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer The third entry in /proc/self/cgroup (the pathname of the cgroup inside the hierarchy) is correctly virtualized w.r.t. the cgroup namespace, which is rooted at /a/b in the outer namespace. However, the info in /proc/self/mountinfo is not for this cgroup namespace, since we are seeing a duplicate of the mount from the old mount namespace, and the info there does not correspond to the new cgroup namespace. However, trying to create a new mount still doesn't show us the right information in mountinfo: # propagating to other mountns /proc/self/cgroup: 7:freezer:/ mountinfo: /a/b /mnt/freezer The act of creating a new cgroup namespace caused the process's current freezer directory, "/a/b", to become its cgroup freezer root directory. In other words, the pathname directory of the directory within the newly mounted cgroup filesystem should be "/", but mountinfo wrongly shows us "/a/b". The consequence of this is that the process in the cgroup namespace cannot correctly construct the pathname of its cgroup root directory from the information in /proc/PID/mountinfo. With this patch, the dentry root field in mountinfo is shown relative to the reader's cgroup namespace. So the same steps as above: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: /../.. /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /mnt/freezer cgroup.clone_children freezer.parent_freezing freezer.state tasks cgroup.procs freezer.self_freezing notify_on_release 3164 2653 # First shell that placed in this cgroup 3164 # Shell started by 'unshare' 14197 # cat(1) Signed-off-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> diff 4f41fc59 Mon May 09 08:59:55 MDT 2016 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> cgroup, kernfs: make mountinfo show properly scoped path for cgroup namespaces Patch summary: When showing a cgroupfs entry in mountinfo, show the path of the mount root dentry relative to the reader's cgroup namespace root. Short explanation (courtesy of mkerrisk): If we create a new cgroup namespace, then we want both /proc/self/cgroup and /proc/self/mountinfo to show cgroup paths that are correctly virtualized with respect to the cgroup mount point. Previous to this patch, /proc/self/cgroup shows the right info, but /proc/self/mountinfo does not. Long version: When a uid 0 task which is in freezer cgroup /a/b, unshares a new cgroup namespace, and then mounts a new instance of the freezer cgroup, the new mount will be rooted at /a/b. The root dentry field of the mountinfo entry will show '/a/b'. cat > /tmp/do1 << EOF mount -t cgroup -o freezer freezer /mnt grep freezer /proc/self/mountinfo EOF unshare -Gm bash /tmp/do1 > 330 160 0:34 / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer > 355 133 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,relatime - cgroup freezer rw,freezer The task's freezer cgroup entry in /proc/self/cgroup will simply show '/': grep freezer /proc/self/cgroup 9:freezer:/ If instead the same task simply bind mounts the /a/b cgroup directory, the resulting mountinfo entry will again show /a/b for the dentry root. However in this case the task will find its own cgroup at /mnt/a/b, not at /mnt: mount --bind /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/a/b /mnt 130 25 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:21 - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer In other words, there is no way for the task to know, based on what is in mountinfo, which cgroup directory is its own. Example (by mkerrisk): First, a little script to save some typing and verbiage: echo -e "\t/proc/self/cgroup:\t$(cat /proc/self/cgroup | grep freezer)" cat /proc/self/mountinfo | grep freezer | awk '{print "\tmountinfo:\t\t" $4 "\t" $5}' Create cgroup, place this shell into the cgroup, and look at the state of the /proc files: 2653 2653 # Our shell 14254 # cat(1) /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer Create a shell in new cgroup and mount namespaces. The act of creating a new cgroup namespace causes the process's current cgroups directories to become its cgroup root directories. (Here, I'm using my own version of the "unshare" utility, which takes the same options as the util-linux version): Look at the state of the /proc files: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer The third entry in /proc/self/cgroup (the pathname of the cgroup inside the hierarchy) is correctly virtualized w.r.t. the cgroup namespace, which is rooted at /a/b in the outer namespace. However, the info in /proc/self/mountinfo is not for this cgroup namespace, since we are seeing a duplicate of the mount from the old mount namespace, and the info there does not correspond to the new cgroup namespace. However, trying to create a new mount still doesn't show us the right information in mountinfo: # propagating to other mountns /proc/self/cgroup: 7:freezer:/ mountinfo: /a/b /mnt/freezer The act of creating a new cgroup namespace caused the process's current freezer directory, "/a/b", to become its cgroup freezer root directory. In other words, the pathname directory of the directory within the newly mounted cgroup filesystem should be "/", but mountinfo wrongly shows us "/a/b". The consequence of this is that the process in the cgroup namespace cannot correctly construct the pathname of its cgroup root directory from the information in /proc/PID/mountinfo. With this patch, the dentry root field in mountinfo is shown relative to the reader's cgroup namespace. So the same steps as above: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: /../.. /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /mnt/freezer cgroup.clone_children freezer.parent_freezing freezer.state tasks cgroup.procs freezer.self_freezing notify_on_release 3164 2653 # First shell that placed in this cgroup 3164 # Shell started by 'unshare' 14197 # cat(1) Signed-off-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> diff 4e26445f Sun Jun 29 21:50:28 MDT 2014 Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> kernfs: introduce kernfs_pin_sb() kernfs_pin_sb() tries to get a refcnt of the superblock. This will be used by cgroupfs. v2: - make kernfs_pin_sb() return the superblock. - drop kernfs_drop_sb(). tj: Updated the comment a bit. [ This is a prerequisite for a bugfix. ] Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.15 Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> |
| /linux-master/include/linux/ | ||
| H A D | kernfs.h | diff 4207b556 Tue Jan 09 14:48:04 MST 2024 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> kernfs: RCU protect kernfs_nodes and avoid kernfs_idr_lock in kernfs_find_and_get_node_by_id() The BPF helper bpf_cgroup_from_id() calls kernfs_find_and_get_node_by_id() which acquires kernfs_idr_lock, which is an non-raw non-IRQ-safe lock. This can lead to deadlocks as bpf_cgroup_from_id() can be called from any BPF programs including e.g. the ones that attach to functions which are holding the scheduler rq lock. Consider the following BPF program: SEC("fentry/__set_cpus_allowed_ptr_locked") int BPF_PROG(__set_cpus_allowed_ptr_locked, struct task_struct *p, struct affinity_context *affn_ctx, struct rq *rq, struct rq_flags *rf) { struct cgroup *cgrp = bpf_cgroup_from_id(p->cgroups->dfl_cgrp->kn->id); if (cgrp) { bpf_printk("%d[%s] in %s", p->pid, p->comm, cgrp->kn->name); bpf_cgroup_release(cgrp); } return 0; } __set_cpus_allowed_ptr_locked() is called with rq lock held and the above BPF program calls bpf_cgroup_from_id() within leading to the following lockdep warning: ===================================================== WARNING: HARDIRQ-safe -> HARDIRQ-unsafe lock order detected 6.7.0-rc3-work-00053-g07124366a1d7-dirty #147 Not tainted ----------------------------------------------------- repro/1620 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] is trying to acquire: ffffffff833b3688 (kernfs_idr_lock){+.+.}-{2:2}, at: kernfs_find_and_get_node_by_id+0x1e/0x70 and this task is already holding: ffff888237ced698 (&rq->__lock){-.-.}-{2:2}, at: task_rq_lock+0x4e/0xf0 which would create a new lock dependency: (&rq->__lock){-.-.}-{2:2} -> (kernfs_idr_lock){+.+.}-{2:2} ... Possible interrupt unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 CPU1 ---- ---- lock(kernfs_idr_lock); local_irq_disable(); lock(&rq->__lock); lock(kernfs_idr_lock); <Interrupt> lock(&rq->__lock); *** DEADLOCK *** ... Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x55/0x70 dump_stack+0x10/0x20 __lock_acquire+0x781/0x2a40 lock_acquire+0xbf/0x1f0 _raw_spin_lock+0x2f/0x40 kernfs_find_and_get_node_by_id+0x1e/0x70 cgroup_get_from_id+0x21/0x240 bpf_cgroup_from_id+0xe/0x20 bpf_prog_98652316e9337a5a___set_cpus_allowed_ptr_locked+0x96/0x11a bpf_trampoline_6442545632+0x4f/0x1000 __set_cpus_allowed_ptr_locked+0x5/0x5a0 sched_setaffinity+0x1b3/0x290 __x64_sys_sched_setaffinity+0x4f/0x60 do_syscall_64+0x40/0xe0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0x4e Let's fix it by protecting kernfs_node and kernfs_root with RCU and making kernfs_find_and_get_node_by_id() acquire rcu_read_lock() instead of kernfs_idr_lock. This adds an rcu_head to kernfs_node making it larger by 16 bytes on 64bit. Combined with the preceding rearrange patch, the net increase is 8 bytes. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Andrea Righi <andrea.righi@canonical.com> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240109214828.252092-4-tj@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> diff c2549174 Sat Aug 27 23:04:37 MDT 2022 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> kernfs: Add KERNFS_REMOVING flags KERNFS_ACTIVATED tracks whether a given node has ever been activated. As a node was only deactivated on removal, this was used for 1. Drain optimization (removed by the previous patch). 2. To hide !activated nodes 3. To avoid double activations 4. Reject adding children to a node being removed 5. Skip activaing a node which is being removed. We want to decouple deactivation from removal so that nodes can be deactivated and hidden dynamically, which makes KERNFS_ACTIVATED useless for all of the above purposes. #1 is already gone. #2 and #3 can instead test whether the node is currently active. A new flag KERNFS_REMOVING is added to explicitly mark nodes which are being removed for #4 and #5. While this leaves KERNFS_ACTIVATED with no users, leave it be as it will be used in a following patch. Cc: Chengming Zhou <zhouchengming@bytedance.com> Tested-by: Chengming Zhou <zhouchengming@bytedance.com> Reviewed-by: Chengming Zhou <zhouchengming@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220828050440.734579-7-tj@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> diff c2549174 Sat Aug 27 23:04:37 MDT 2022 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> kernfs: Add KERNFS_REMOVING flags KERNFS_ACTIVATED tracks whether a given node has ever been activated. As a node was only deactivated on removal, this was used for 1. Drain optimization (removed by the previous patch). 2. To hide !activated nodes 3. To avoid double activations 4. Reject adding children to a node being removed 5. Skip activaing a node which is being removed. We want to decouple deactivation from removal so that nodes can be deactivated and hidden dynamically, which makes KERNFS_ACTIVATED useless for all of the above purposes. #1 is already gone. #2 and #3 can instead test whether the node is currently active. A new flag KERNFS_REMOVING is added to explicitly mark nodes which are being removed for #4 and #5. While this leaves KERNFS_ACTIVATED with no users, leave it be as it will be used in a following patch. Cc: Chengming Zhou <zhouchengming@bytedance.com> Tested-by: Chengming Zhou <zhouchengming@bytedance.com> Reviewed-by: Chengming Zhou <zhouchengming@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220828050440.734579-7-tj@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> diff eaf501e0 Sun Sep 12 23:41:11 MDT 2021 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> kernfs: remove the unused lockdep_key field in struct kernfs_ops Not actually used anywhere. Acked-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210913054121.616001-4-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> diff e23f568a Mon Nov 04 16:54:29 MST 2019 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> kernfs: fix ino wrap-around detection When the 32bit ino wraps around, kernfs increments the generation number to distinguish reused ino instances. The wrap-around detection tests whether the allocated ino is lower than what the cursor but the cursor is pointing to the next ino to allocate so the condition never triggers. Fix it by remembering the last ino and comparing against that. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Fixes: 4a3ef68acacf ("kernfs: implement i_generation") Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.14+ diff 147e1a97 Tue Mar 05 16:45:45 MST 2019 Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> fs: kernfs: add poll file operation Patch series "psi: pressure stall monitors", v3. Android is adopting psi to detect and remedy memory pressure that results in stuttering and decreased responsiveness on mobile devices. Psi gives us the stall information, but because we're dealing with latencies in the millisecond range, periodically reading the pressure files to detect stalls in a timely fashion is not feasible. Psi also doesn't aggregate its averages at a high enough frequency right now. This patch series extends the psi interface such that users can configure sensitive latency thresholds and use poll() and friends to be notified when these are breached. As high-frequency aggregation is costly, it implements an aggregation method that is optimized for fast, short-interval averaging, and makes the aggregation frequency adaptive, such that high-frequency updates only happen while monitored stall events are actively occurring. With these patches applied, Android can monitor for, and ward off, mounting memory shortages before they cause problems for the user. For example, using memory stall monitors in userspace low memory killer daemon (lmkd) we can detect mounting pressure and kill less important processes before device becomes visibly sluggish. In our memory stress testing psi memory monitors produce roughly 10x less false positives compared to vmpressure signals. Having ability to specify multiple triggers for the same psi metric allows other parts of Android framework to monitor memory state of the device and act accordingly. The new interface is straightforward. The user opens one of the pressure files for writing and writes a trigger description into the file descriptor that defines the stall state - some or full, and the maximum stall time over a given window of time. E.g.: /* Signal when stall time exceeds 100ms of a 1s window */ char trigger[] = "full 100000 1000000"; fd = open("/proc/pressure/memory"); write(fd, trigger, sizeof(trigger)); while (poll() >= 0) { ... } close(fd); When the monitored stall state is entered, psi adapts its aggregation frequency according to what the configured time window requires in order to emit event signals in a timely fashion. Once the stalling subsides, aggregation reverts back to normal. The trigger is associated with the open file descriptor. To stop monitoring, the user only needs to close the file descriptor and the trigger is discarded. Patches 1-4 prepare the psi code for polling support. Patch 5 implements the adaptive polling logic, the pressure growth detection optimized for short intervals, and hooks up write() and poll() on the pressure files. The patches were developed in collaboration with Johannes Weiner. This patch (of 5): Kernfs has a standardized poll/notification mechanism for waking all pollers on all fds when a filesystem node changes. To allow polling for custom events, add a .poll callback that can override the default. This is in preparation for pollable cgroup pressure files which have per-fd trigger configurations. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190124211518.244221-2-surenb@google.com Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> diff 23bf1b6b Thu Nov 01 17:07:26 MDT 2018 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> kernfs, sysfs, cgroup, intel_rdt: Support fs_context Make kernfs support superblock creation/mount/remount with fs_context. This requires that sysfs, cgroup and intel_rdt, which are built on kernfs, be made to support fs_context also. Notes: (1) A kernfs_fs_context struct is created to wrap fs_context and the kernfs mount parameters are moved in here (or are in fs_context). (2) kernfs_mount{,_ns}() are made into kernfs_get_tree(). The extra namespace tag parameter is passed in the context if desired (3) kernfs_free_fs_context() is provided as a destructor for the kernfs_fs_context struct, but for the moment it does nothing except get called in the right places. (4) sysfs doesn't wrap kernfs_fs_context since it has no parameters to pass, but possibly this should be done anyway in case someone wants to add a parameter in future. (5) A cgroup_fs_context struct is created to wrap kernfs_fs_context and the cgroup v1 and v2 mount parameters are all moved there. (6) cgroup1 parameter parsing error messages are now handled by invalf(), which allows userspace to collect them directly. (7) cgroup1 parameter cleanup is now done in the context destructor rather than in the mount/get_tree and remount functions. Weirdies: (*) cgroup_do_get_tree() calls cset_cgroup_from_root() with locks held, but then uses the resulting pointer after dropping the locks. I'm told this is okay and needs commenting. (*) The cgroup refcount web. This really needs documenting. (*) cgroup2 only has one root? Add a suggestion from Thomas Gleixner in which the RDT enablement code is placed into its own function. [folded a leak fix from Andrey Vagin] Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com> cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org cc: fenghua.yu@intel.com Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> diff 4a3ef68a Wed Jul 12 12:49:47 MDT 2017 Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> kernfs: implement i_generation Set i_generation for kernfs inode. This is required to implement exportfs operations. The generation is 32-bit, so it's possible the generation wraps up and we find stale files. To reduce the posssibility, we don't reuse inode numer immediately. When the inode number allocation wraps, we increase generation number. In this way generation/inode number consist of a 64-bit number which is unlikely duplicated. This does make the idr tree more sparse and waste some memory. Since idr manages 32-bit keys, idr uses a 6-level radix tree, each level covers 6 bits of the key. In a 100k inode kernfs, the worst case will have around 300k radix tree node. Each node is 576bytes, so the tree will use about ~150M memory. Sounds not too bad, if this really is a problem, we should find better data structure. Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> diff 4f41fc59 Mon May 09 08:59:55 MDT 2016 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> cgroup, kernfs: make mountinfo show properly scoped path for cgroup namespaces Patch summary: When showing a cgroupfs entry in mountinfo, show the path of the mount root dentry relative to the reader's cgroup namespace root. Short explanation (courtesy of mkerrisk): If we create a new cgroup namespace, then we want both /proc/self/cgroup and /proc/self/mountinfo to show cgroup paths that are correctly virtualized with respect to the cgroup mount point. Previous to this patch, /proc/self/cgroup shows the right info, but /proc/self/mountinfo does not. Long version: When a uid 0 task which is in freezer cgroup /a/b, unshares a new cgroup namespace, and then mounts a new instance of the freezer cgroup, the new mount will be rooted at /a/b. The root dentry field of the mountinfo entry will show '/a/b'. cat > /tmp/do1 << EOF mount -t cgroup -o freezer freezer /mnt grep freezer /proc/self/mountinfo EOF unshare -Gm bash /tmp/do1 > 330 160 0:34 / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer > 355 133 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,relatime - cgroup freezer rw,freezer The task's freezer cgroup entry in /proc/self/cgroup will simply show '/': grep freezer /proc/self/cgroup 9:freezer:/ If instead the same task simply bind mounts the /a/b cgroup directory, the resulting mountinfo entry will again show /a/b for the dentry root. However in this case the task will find its own cgroup at /mnt/a/b, not at /mnt: mount --bind /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/a/b /mnt 130 25 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:21 - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer In other words, there is no way for the task to know, based on what is in mountinfo, which cgroup directory is its own. Example (by mkerrisk): First, a little script to save some typing and verbiage: echo -e "\t/proc/self/cgroup:\t$(cat /proc/self/cgroup | grep freezer)" cat /proc/self/mountinfo | grep freezer | awk '{print "\tmountinfo:\t\t" $4 "\t" $5}' Create cgroup, place this shell into the cgroup, and look at the state of the /proc files: 2653 2653 # Our shell 14254 # cat(1) /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer Create a shell in new cgroup and mount namespaces. The act of creating a new cgroup namespace causes the process's current cgroups directories to become its cgroup root directories. (Here, I'm using my own version of the "unshare" utility, which takes the same options as the util-linux version): Look at the state of the /proc files: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer The third entry in /proc/self/cgroup (the pathname of the cgroup inside the hierarchy) is correctly virtualized w.r.t. the cgroup namespace, which is rooted at /a/b in the outer namespace. However, the info in /proc/self/mountinfo is not for this cgroup namespace, since we are seeing a duplicate of the mount from the old mount namespace, and the info there does not correspond to the new cgroup namespace. However, trying to create a new mount still doesn't show us the right information in mountinfo: # propagating to other mountns /proc/self/cgroup: 7:freezer:/ mountinfo: /a/b /mnt/freezer The act of creating a new cgroup namespace caused the process's current freezer directory, "/a/b", to become its cgroup freezer root directory. In other words, the pathname directory of the directory within the newly mounted cgroup filesystem should be "/", but mountinfo wrongly shows us "/a/b". The consequence of this is that the process in the cgroup namespace cannot correctly construct the pathname of its cgroup root directory from the information in /proc/PID/mountinfo. With this patch, the dentry root field in mountinfo is shown relative to the reader's cgroup namespace. So the same steps as above: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: /../.. /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /mnt/freezer cgroup.clone_children freezer.parent_freezing freezer.state tasks cgroup.procs freezer.self_freezing notify_on_release 3164 2653 # First shell that placed in this cgroup 3164 # Shell started by 'unshare' 14197 # cat(1) Signed-off-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> diff 4f41fc59 Mon May 09 08:59:55 MDT 2016 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> cgroup, kernfs: make mountinfo show properly scoped path for cgroup namespaces Patch summary: When showing a cgroupfs entry in mountinfo, show the path of the mount root dentry relative to the reader's cgroup namespace root. Short explanation (courtesy of mkerrisk): If we create a new cgroup namespace, then we want both /proc/self/cgroup and /proc/self/mountinfo to show cgroup paths that are correctly virtualized with respect to the cgroup mount point. Previous to this patch, /proc/self/cgroup shows the right info, but /proc/self/mountinfo does not. Long version: When a uid 0 task which is in freezer cgroup /a/b, unshares a new cgroup namespace, and then mounts a new instance of the freezer cgroup, the new mount will be rooted at /a/b. The root dentry field of the mountinfo entry will show '/a/b'. cat > /tmp/do1 << EOF mount -t cgroup -o freezer freezer /mnt grep freezer /proc/self/mountinfo EOF unshare -Gm bash /tmp/do1 > 330 160 0:34 / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer > 355 133 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,relatime - cgroup freezer rw,freezer The task's freezer cgroup entry in /proc/self/cgroup will simply show '/': grep freezer /proc/self/cgroup 9:freezer:/ If instead the same task simply bind mounts the /a/b cgroup directory, the resulting mountinfo entry will again show /a/b for the dentry root. However in this case the task will find its own cgroup at /mnt/a/b, not at /mnt: mount --bind /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/a/b /mnt 130 25 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:21 - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer In other words, there is no way for the task to know, based on what is in mountinfo, which cgroup directory is its own. Example (by mkerrisk): First, a little script to save some typing and verbiage: echo -e "\t/proc/self/cgroup:\t$(cat /proc/self/cgroup | grep freezer)" cat /proc/self/mountinfo | grep freezer | awk '{print "\tmountinfo:\t\t" $4 "\t" $5}' Create cgroup, place this shell into the cgroup, and look at the state of the /proc files: 2653 2653 # Our shell 14254 # cat(1) /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer Create a shell in new cgroup and mount namespaces. The act of creating a new cgroup namespace causes the process's current cgroups directories to become its cgroup root directories. (Here, I'm using my own version of the "unshare" utility, which takes the same options as the util-linux version): Look at the state of the /proc files: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer The third entry in /proc/self/cgroup (the pathname of the cgroup inside the hierarchy) is correctly virtualized w.r.t. the cgroup namespace, which is rooted at /a/b in the outer namespace. However, the info in /proc/self/mountinfo is not for this cgroup namespace, since we are seeing a duplicate of the mount from the old mount namespace, and the info there does not correspond to the new cgroup namespace. However, trying to create a new mount still doesn't show us the right information in mountinfo: # propagating to other mountns /proc/self/cgroup: 7:freezer:/ mountinfo: /a/b /mnt/freezer The act of creating a new cgroup namespace caused the process's current freezer directory, "/a/b", to become its cgroup freezer root directory. In other words, the pathname directory of the directory within the newly mounted cgroup filesystem should be "/", but mountinfo wrongly shows us "/a/b". The consequence of this is that the process in the cgroup namespace cannot correctly construct the pathname of its cgroup root directory from the information in /proc/PID/mountinfo. With this patch, the dentry root field in mountinfo is shown relative to the reader's cgroup namespace. So the same steps as above: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: /../.. /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /mnt/freezer cgroup.clone_children freezer.parent_freezing freezer.state tasks cgroup.procs freezer.self_freezing notify_on_release 3164 2653 # First shell that placed in this cgroup 3164 # Shell started by 'unshare' 14197 # cat(1) Signed-off-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> diff 4f41fc59 Mon May 09 08:59:55 MDT 2016 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> cgroup, kernfs: make mountinfo show properly scoped path for cgroup namespaces Patch summary: When showing a cgroupfs entry in mountinfo, show the path of the mount root dentry relative to the reader's cgroup namespace root. Short explanation (courtesy of mkerrisk): If we create a new cgroup namespace, then we want both /proc/self/cgroup and /proc/self/mountinfo to show cgroup paths that are correctly virtualized with respect to the cgroup mount point. Previous to this patch, /proc/self/cgroup shows the right info, but /proc/self/mountinfo does not. Long version: When a uid 0 task which is in freezer cgroup /a/b, unshares a new cgroup namespace, and then mounts a new instance of the freezer cgroup, the new mount will be rooted at /a/b. The root dentry field of the mountinfo entry will show '/a/b'. cat > /tmp/do1 << EOF mount -t cgroup -o freezer freezer /mnt grep freezer /proc/self/mountinfo EOF unshare -Gm bash /tmp/do1 > 330 160 0:34 / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer > 355 133 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,relatime - cgroup freezer rw,freezer The task's freezer cgroup entry in /proc/self/cgroup will simply show '/': grep freezer /proc/self/cgroup 9:freezer:/ If instead the same task simply bind mounts the /a/b cgroup directory, the resulting mountinfo entry will again show /a/b for the dentry root. However in this case the task will find its own cgroup at /mnt/a/b, not at /mnt: mount --bind /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/a/b /mnt 130 25 0:34 /a/b /mnt rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime shared:21 - cgroup cgroup rw,freezer In other words, there is no way for the task to know, based on what is in mountinfo, which cgroup directory is its own. Example (by mkerrisk): First, a little script to save some typing and verbiage: echo -e "\t/proc/self/cgroup:\t$(cat /proc/self/cgroup | grep freezer)" cat /proc/self/mountinfo | grep freezer | awk '{print "\tmountinfo:\t\t" $4 "\t" $5}' Create cgroup, place this shell into the cgroup, and look at the state of the /proc files: 2653 2653 # Our shell 14254 # cat(1) /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer Create a shell in new cgroup and mount namespaces. The act of creating a new cgroup namespace causes the process's current cgroups directories to become its cgroup root directories. (Here, I'm using my own version of the "unshare" utility, which takes the same options as the util-linux version): Look at the state of the /proc files: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer The third entry in /proc/self/cgroup (the pathname of the cgroup inside the hierarchy) is correctly virtualized w.r.t. the cgroup namespace, which is rooted at /a/b in the outer namespace. However, the info in /proc/self/mountinfo is not for this cgroup namespace, since we are seeing a duplicate of the mount from the old mount namespace, and the info there does not correspond to the new cgroup namespace. However, trying to create a new mount still doesn't show us the right information in mountinfo: # propagating to other mountns /proc/self/cgroup: 7:freezer:/ mountinfo: /a/b /mnt/freezer The act of creating a new cgroup namespace caused the process's current freezer directory, "/a/b", to become its cgroup freezer root directory. In other words, the pathname directory of the directory within the newly mounted cgroup filesystem should be "/", but mountinfo wrongly shows us "/a/b". The consequence of this is that the process in the cgroup namespace cannot correctly construct the pathname of its cgroup root directory from the information in /proc/PID/mountinfo. With this patch, the dentry root field in mountinfo is shown relative to the reader's cgroup namespace. So the same steps as above: /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/a/b mountinfo: / /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: /../.. /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer /proc/self/cgroup: 10:freezer:/ mountinfo: / /mnt/freezer cgroup.clone_children freezer.parent_freezing freezer.state tasks cgroup.procs freezer.self_freezing notify_on_release 3164 2653 # First shell that placed in this cgroup 3164 # Shell started by 'unshare' 14197 # cat(1) Signed-off-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com> Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> |
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