/* * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * @(#)radix.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 1/4/94 */ /* * Routines to build and maintain radix trees for routing lookups. */ #ifndef RNF_NORMAL #include #include #include #define M_DONTWAIT M_NOWAIT #ifdef KERNEL #include #endif #endif #include int max_keylen; struct radix_mask *rn_mkfreelist; struct radix_node_head *mask_rnhead; static int gotOddMasks; static char *maskedKey; static char *rn_zeros, *rn_ones; #define rn_masktop (mask_rnhead->rnh_treetop) #undef Bcmp #define Bcmp(a, b, l) (l == 0 ? 0 : bcmp((caddr_t)(a), (caddr_t)(b), (u_long)l)) /* * The data structure for the keys is a radix tree with one way * branching removed. The index rn_b at an internal node n represents a bit * position to be tested. The tree is arranged so that all descendants * of a node n have keys whose bits all agree up to position rn_b - 1. * (We say the index of n is rn_b.) * * There is at least one descendant which has a one bit at position rn_b, * and at least one with a zero there. * * A route is determined by a pair of key and mask. We require that the * bit-wise logical and of the key and mask to be the key. * We define the index of a route to associated with the mask to be * the first bit number in the mask where 0 occurs (with bit number 0 * representing the highest order bit). * * We say a mask is normal if every bit is 0, past the index of the mask. * If a node n has a descendant (k, m) with index(m) == index(n) == rn_b, * and m is a normal mask, then the route applies to every descendant of n. * If the index(m) < rn_b, this implies the trailing last few bits of k * before bit b are all 0, (and hence consequently true of every descendant * of n), so the route applies to all descendants of the node as well. * * The present version of the code makes no use of normal routes, * but similar logic shows that a non-normal mask m such that * index(m) <= index(n) could potentially apply to many children of n. * Thus, for each non-host route, we attach its mask to a list at an internal * node as high in the tree as we can go. */ struct radix_node * rn_search(v_arg, head) void *v_arg; struct radix_node *head; { register struct radix_node *x; register caddr_t v; for (x = head, v = v_arg; x->rn_b >= 0;) { if (x->rn_bmask & v[x->rn_off]) x = x->rn_r; else x = x->rn_l; } return (x); }; struct radix_node * rn_search_m(v_arg, head, m_arg) struct radix_node *head; void *v_arg, *m_arg; { register struct radix_node *x; register caddr_t v = v_arg, m = m_arg; for (x = head; x->rn_b >= 0;) { if ((x->rn_bmask & m[x->rn_off]) && (x->rn_bmask & v[x->rn_off])) x = x->rn_r; else x = x->rn_l; } return x; }; int rn_refines(m_arg, n_arg) void *m_arg, *n_arg; { register caddr_t m = m_arg, n = n_arg; register caddr_t lim, lim2 = lim = n + *(u_char *)n; int longer = (*(u_char *)n++) - (int)(*(u_char *)m++); int masks_are_equal = 1; if (longer > 0) lim -= longer; while (n < lim) { if (*n & ~(*m)) return 0; if (*n++ != *m++) masks_are_equal = 0; } while (n < lim2) if (*n++) return 0; if (masks_are_equal && (longer < 0)) for (lim2 = m - longer; m < lim2; ) if (*m++) return 1; return (!masks_are_equal); } struct radix_node * rn_match(v_arg, head) void *v_arg; struct radix_node_head *head; { caddr_t v = v_arg; register struct radix_node *t = head->rnh_treetop, *x; register caddr_t cp = v, cp2, cp3; caddr_t cplim, mstart; struct radix_node *saved_t, *top = t; int off = t->rn_off, vlen = *(u_char *)cp, matched_off; /* * Open code rn_search(v, top) to avoid overhead of extra * subroutine call. */ for (; t->rn_b >= 0; ) { if (t->rn_bmask & cp[t->rn_off]) t = t->rn_r; else t = t->rn_l; } /* * See if we match exactly as a host destination */ cp += off; cp2 = t->rn_key + off; cplim = v + vlen; for (; cp < cplim; cp++, cp2++) if (*cp != *cp2) goto on1; /* * This extra grot is in case we are explicitly asked * to look up the default. Ugh! */ if ((t->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) && t->rn_dupedkey) t = t->rn_dupedkey; return t; on1: matched_off = cp - v; saved_t = t; do { if (t->rn_mask) { /* * Even if we don't match exactly as a hosts; * we may match if the leaf we wound up at is * a route to a net. */ cp3 = matched_off + t->rn_mask; cp2 = matched_off + t->rn_key; for (; cp < cplim; cp++) if ((*cp2++ ^ *cp) & *cp3++) break; if (cp == cplim) return t; cp = matched_off + v; } } while (t = t->rn_dupedkey); t = saved_t; /* start searching up the tree */ do { register struct radix_mask *m; t = t->rn_p; if (m = t->rn_mklist) { /* * After doing measurements here, it may * turn out to be faster to open code * rn_search_m here instead of always * copying and masking. */ off = min(t->rn_off, matched_off); mstart = maskedKey + off; do { cp2 = mstart; cp3 = m->rm_mask + off; for (cp = v + off; cp < cplim;) *cp2++ = *cp++ & *cp3++; x = rn_search(maskedKey, t); while (x && x->rn_mask != m->rm_mask) x = x->rn_dupedkey; if (x && (Bcmp(mstart, x->rn_key + off, vlen - off) == 0)) return x; } while (m = m->rm_mklist); } } while (t != top); return 0; }; #ifdef RN_DEBUG int rn_nodenum; struct radix_node *rn_clist; int rn_saveinfo; int rn_debug = 1; #endif struct radix_node * rn_newpair(v, b, nodes) void *v; int b; struct radix_node nodes[2]; { register struct radix_node *tt = nodes, *t = tt + 1; t->rn_b = b; t->rn_bmask = 0x80 >> (b & 7); t->rn_l = tt; t->rn_off = b >> 3; tt->rn_b = -1; tt->rn_key = (caddr_t)v; tt->rn_p = t; tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags = RNF_ACTIVE; #ifdef RN_DEBUG tt->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; t->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; tt->rn_twin = t; tt->rn_ybro = rn_clist; rn_clist = tt; #endif return t; } struct radix_node * rn_insert(v_arg, head, dupentry, nodes) void *v_arg; struct radix_node_head *head; int *dupentry; struct radix_node nodes[2]; { caddr_t v = v_arg; struct radix_node *top = head->rnh_treetop; int head_off = top->rn_off, vlen = (int)*((u_char *)v); register struct radix_node *t = rn_search(v_arg, top); register caddr_t cp = v + head_off; register int b; struct radix_node *tt; /* *find first bit at which v and t->rn_key differ */ { register caddr_t cp2 = t->rn_key + head_off; register int cmp_res; caddr_t cplim = v + vlen; while (cp < cplim) if (*cp2++ != *cp++) goto on1; *dupentry = 1; return t; on1: *dupentry = 0; cmp_res = (cp[-1] ^ cp2[-1]) & 0xff; for (b = (cp - v) << 3; cmp_res; b--) cmp_res >>= 1; } { register struct radix_node *p, *x = top; cp = v; do { p = x; if (cp[x->rn_off] & x->rn_bmask) x = x->rn_r; else x = x->rn_l; } while (b > (unsigned) x->rn_b); /* x->rn_b < b && x->rn_b >= 0 */ #ifdef RN_DEBUG if (rn_debug) printf("Going In:\n"), traverse(p); #endif t = rn_newpair(v_arg, b, nodes); tt = t->rn_l; if ((cp[p->rn_off] & p->rn_bmask) == 0) p->rn_l = t; else p->rn_r = t; x->rn_p = t; t->rn_p = p; /* frees x, p as temp vars below */ if ((cp[t->rn_off] & t->rn_bmask) == 0) { t->rn_r = x; } else { t->rn_r = tt; t->rn_l = x; } #ifdef RN_DEBUG if (rn_debug) printf("Coming out:\n"), traverse(p); #endif } return (tt); } struct radix_node * rn_addmask(n_arg, search, skip) int search, skip; void *n_arg; { caddr_t netmask = (caddr_t)n_arg; register struct radix_node *x; register caddr_t cp, cplim; register int b, mlen, j; int maskduplicated; mlen = *(u_char *)netmask; if (search) { x = rn_search(netmask, rn_masktop); mlen = *(u_char *)netmask; if (Bcmp(netmask, x->rn_key, mlen) == 0) return (x); } R_Malloc(x, struct radix_node *, max_keylen + 2 * sizeof (*x)); if (x == 0) return (0); Bzero(x, max_keylen + 2 * sizeof (*x)); cp = (caddr_t)(x + 2); Bcopy(netmask, cp, mlen); netmask = cp; x = rn_insert(netmask, mask_rnhead, &maskduplicated, x); /* * Calculate index of mask. */ cplim = netmask + mlen; for (cp = netmask + skip; cp < cplim; cp++) if (*(u_char *)cp != 0xff) break; b = (cp - netmask) << 3; if (cp != cplim) { if (*cp != 0) { gotOddMasks = 1; for (j = 0x80; j; b++, j >>= 1) if ((j & *cp) == 0) break; } } x->rn_b = -1 - b; return (x); } struct radix_node * rn_addroute(v_arg, n_arg, head, treenodes) void *v_arg, *n_arg; struct radix_node_head *head; struct radix_node treenodes[2]; { caddr_t v = (caddr_t)v_arg, netmask = (caddr_t)n_arg; register struct radix_node *t, *x, *tt; struct radix_node *saved_tt, *top = head->rnh_treetop; short b = 0, b_leaf; int mlen, keyduplicated; caddr_t cplim; struct radix_mask *m, **mp; /* * In dealing with non-contiguous masks, there may be * many different routes which have the same mask. * We will find it useful to have a unique pointer to * the mask to speed avoiding duplicate references at * nodes and possibly save time in calculating indices. */ if (netmask) { x = rn_search(netmask, rn_masktop); mlen = *(u_char *)netmask; if (Bcmp(netmask, x->rn_key, mlen) != 0) { x = rn_addmask(netmask, 0, top->rn_off); if (x == 0) return (0); } netmask = x->rn_key; b = -1 - x->rn_b; } /* * Deal with duplicated keys: attach node to previous instance */ saved_tt = tt = rn_insert(v, head, &keyduplicated, treenodes); if (keyduplicated) { do { if (tt->rn_mask == netmask) return (0); t = tt; if (netmask == 0 || (tt->rn_mask && rn_refines(netmask, tt->rn_mask))) break; } while (tt = tt->rn_dupedkey); /* * If the mask is not duplicated, we wouldn't * find it among possible duplicate key entries * anyway, so the above test doesn't hurt. * * We sort the masks for a duplicated key the same way as * in a masklist -- most specific to least specific. * This may require the unfortunate nuisance of relocating * the head of the list. */ if (tt && t == saved_tt) { struct radix_node *xx = x; /* link in at head of list */ (tt = treenodes)->rn_dupedkey = t; tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags; tt->rn_p = x = t->rn_p; if (x->rn_l == t) x->rn_l = tt; else x->rn_r = tt; saved_tt = tt; x = xx; } else { (tt = treenodes)->rn_dupedkey = t->rn_dupedkey; t->rn_dupedkey = tt; } #ifdef RN_DEBUG t=tt+1; tt->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; t->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; tt->rn_twin = t; tt->rn_ybro = rn_clist; rn_clist = tt; #endif t = saved_tt; tt->rn_key = (caddr_t) v; tt->rn_b = -1; tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags & ~RNF_ROOT; } /* * Put mask in tree. */ if (netmask) { tt->rn_mask = netmask; tt->rn_b = x->rn_b; } t = saved_tt->rn_p; b_leaf = -1 - t->rn_b; if (t->rn_r == saved_tt) x = t->rn_l; else x = t->rn_r; /* Promote general routes from below */ if (x->rn_b < 0) { if (x->rn_mask && (x->rn_b >= b_leaf) && x->rn_mklist == 0) { MKGet(m); if (m) { Bzero(m, sizeof *m); m->rm_b = x->rn_b; m->rm_mask = x->rn_mask; x->rn_mklist = t->rn_mklist = m; } } } else if (x->rn_mklist) { /* * Skip over masks whose index is > that of new node */ for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; m = *mp; mp = &m->rm_mklist) if (m->rm_b >= b_leaf) break; t->rn_mklist = m; *mp = 0; } /* Add new route to highest possible ancestor's list */ if ((netmask == 0) || (b > t->rn_b )) return tt; /* can't lift at all */ b_leaf = tt->rn_b; do { x = t; t = t->rn_p; } while (b <= t->rn_b && x != top); /* * Search through routes associated with node to * insert new route according to index. * For nodes of equal index, place more specific * masks first. */ cplim = netmask + mlen; for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; m = *mp; mp = &m->rm_mklist) { if (m->rm_b < b_leaf) continue; if (m->rm_b > b_leaf) break; if (m->rm_mask == netmask) { m->rm_refs++; tt->rn_mklist = m; return tt; } if (rn_refines(netmask, m->rm_mask)) break; } MKGet(m); if (m == 0) { printf("Mask for route not entered\n"); return (tt); } Bzero(m, sizeof *m); m->rm_b = b_leaf; m->rm_mask = netmask; m->rm_mklist = *mp; *mp = m; tt->rn_mklist = m; return tt; } struct radix_node * rn_delete(v_arg, netmask_arg, head) void *v_arg, *netmask_arg; struct radix_node_head *head; { register struct radix_node *t, *p, *x, *tt; struct radix_mask *m, *saved_m, **mp; struct radix_node *dupedkey, *saved_tt, *top; caddr_t v, netmask; int b, head_off, vlen; v = v_arg; netmask = netmask_arg; x = head->rnh_treetop; tt = rn_search(v, x); head_off = x->rn_off; vlen = *(u_char *)v; saved_tt = tt; top = x; if (tt == 0 || Bcmp(v + head_off, tt->rn_key + head_off, vlen - head_off)) return (0); /* * Delete our route from mask lists. */ if (dupedkey = tt->rn_dupedkey) { if (netmask) netmask = rn_search(netmask, rn_masktop)->rn_key; while (tt->rn_mask != netmask) if ((tt = tt->rn_dupedkey) == 0) return (0); } if (tt->rn_mask == 0 || (saved_m = m = tt->rn_mklist) == 0) goto on1; if (m->rm_mask != tt->rn_mask) { printf("rn_delete: inconsistent annotation\n"); goto on1; } if (--m->rm_refs >= 0) goto on1; b = -1 - tt->rn_b; t = saved_tt->rn_p; if (b > t->rn_b) goto on1; /* Wasn't lifted at all */ do { x = t; t = t->rn_p; } while (b <= t->rn_b && x != top); for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; m = *mp; mp = &m->rm_mklist) if (m == saved_m) { *mp = m->rm_mklist; MKFree(m); break; } if (m == 0) printf("rn_delete: couldn't find our annotation\n"); on1: /* * Eliminate us from tree */ if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) return (0); #ifdef RN_DEBUG /* Get us out of the creation list */ for (t = rn_clist; t && t->rn_ybro != tt; t = t->rn_ybro) {} if (t) t->rn_ybro = tt->rn_ybro; #endif t = tt->rn_p; if (dupedkey) { if (tt == saved_tt) { x = dupedkey; x->rn_p = t; if (t->rn_l == tt) t->rn_l = x; else t->rn_r = x; } else { for (x = p = saved_tt; p && p->rn_dupedkey != tt;) p = p->rn_dupedkey; if (p) p->rn_dupedkey = tt->rn_dupedkey; else printf("rn_delete: couldn't find us\n"); } t = tt + 1; if (t->rn_flags & RNF_ACTIVE) { #ifndef RN_DEBUG *++x = *t; p = t->rn_p; #else b = t->rn_info; *++x = *t; t->rn_info = b; p = t->rn_p; #endif if (p->rn_l == t) p->rn_l = x; else p->rn_r = x; x->rn_l->rn_p = x; x->rn_r->rn_p = x; } goto out; } if (t->rn_l == tt) x = t->rn_r; else x = t->rn_l; p = t->rn_p; if (p->rn_r == t) p->rn_r = x; else p->rn_l = x; x->rn_p = p; /* * Demote routes attached to us. */ if (t->rn_mklist) { if (x->rn_b >= 0) { for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; m = *mp;) mp = &m->rm_mklist; *mp = t->rn_mklist; } else { for (m = t->rn_mklist; m;) { struct radix_mask *mm = m->rm_mklist; if (m == x->rn_mklist && (--(m->rm_refs) < 0)) { x->rn_mklist = 0; MKFree(m); } else printf("%s %x at %x\n", "rn_delete: Orphaned Mask", m, x); m = mm; } } } /* * We may be holding an active internal node in the tree. */ x = tt + 1; if (t != x) { #ifndef RN_DEBUG *t = *x; #else b = t->rn_info; *t = *x; t->rn_info = b; #endif t->rn_l->rn_p = t; t->rn_r->rn_p = t; p = x->rn_p; if (p->rn_l == x) p->rn_l = t; else p->rn_r = t; } out: tt->rn_flags &= ~RNF_ACTIVE; tt[1].rn_flags &= ~RNF_ACTIVE; return (tt); } int rn_walktree(h, f, w) struct radix_node_head *h; register int (*f)(); void *w; { int error; struct radix_node *base, *next; register struct radix_node *rn = h->rnh_treetop; /* * This gets complicated because we may delete the node * while applying the function f to it, so we need to calculate * the successor node in advance. */ /* First time through node, go left */ while (rn->rn_b >= 0) rn = rn->rn_l; for (;;) { base = rn; /* If at right child go back up, otherwise, go right */ while (rn->rn_p->rn_r == rn && (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) == 0) rn = rn->rn_p; /* Find the next *leaf* since next node might vanish, too */ for (rn = rn->rn_p->rn_r; rn->rn_b >= 0;) rn = rn->rn_l; next = rn; /* Process leaves */ while (rn = base) { base = rn->rn_dupedkey; if (!(rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) && (error = (*f)(rn, w))) return (error); } rn = next; if (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) return (0); } /* NOTREACHED */ } int rn_inithead(head, off) void **head; int off; { register struct radix_node_head *rnh; register struct radix_node *t, *tt, *ttt; if (*head) return (1); R_Malloc(rnh, struct radix_node_head *, sizeof (*rnh)); if (rnh == 0) return (0); Bzero(rnh, sizeof (*rnh)); *head = rnh; t = rn_newpair(rn_zeros, off, rnh->rnh_nodes); ttt = rnh->rnh_nodes + 2; t->rn_r = ttt; t->rn_p = t; tt = t->rn_l; tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags = RNF_ROOT | RNF_ACTIVE; tt->rn_b = -1 - off; *ttt = *tt; ttt->rn_key = rn_ones; rnh->rnh_addaddr = rn_addroute; rnh->rnh_deladdr = rn_delete; rnh->rnh_matchaddr = rn_match; rnh->rnh_walktree = rn_walktree; rnh->rnh_treetop = t; return (1); } void rn_init() { char *cp, *cplim; #ifdef KERNEL struct domain *dom; for (dom = domains; dom; dom = dom->dom_next) if (dom->dom_maxrtkey > max_keylen) max_keylen = dom->dom_maxrtkey; #endif if (max_keylen == 0) { printf("rn_init: radix functions require max_keylen be set\n"); return; } R_Malloc(rn_zeros, char *, 3 * max_keylen); if (rn_zeros == NULL) panic("rn_init"); Bzero(rn_zeros, 3 * max_keylen); rn_ones = cp = rn_zeros + max_keylen; maskedKey = cplim = rn_ones + max_keylen; while (cp < cplim) *cp++ = -1; if (rn_inithead((void **)&mask_rnhead, 0) == 0) panic("rn_init 2"); }