/* * Copyright (c) 2001 * Fortress Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. * Charlie Lenahan (clenahan@fortresstech.com) * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior * written permission. * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. */ #ifndef lint static const char rcsid[] = "@(#) $Header: /tcpdump/master/tcpdump/print-802_11.c,v 1.6 2001/09/17 21:57:53 fenner Exp $ (LBL)"; #endif #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H #include "config.h" #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "interface.h" #include "addrtoname.h" #include "ethertype.h" #include "extract.h" #include "ieee802_11.h" #define RATEStoBUF(p, buf) \ do { \ int z = 0; \ for (z = 0 ; z < p.rates.length ; z++) \ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %2.1f", buf, (.5 * (p.rates.rate[z] & 0x7f))); \ } while (0) static const char *auth_alg_text[]={"Open System","Shared Key","EAP"}; static const char *subtype_text[]={ "Assoc Request", "Assoc Response", "ReAssoc Request", "ReAssoc Response", "Probe Request", "Probe Response", "RESERVED", "RESERVED", "Beacon", "ATIM", "Disassociation", "Authentication", "DeAuthentication", "RESERVED", "RESERVED" }; static const char *status_text[] = { "Succesful", /* 0 */ "Unspecified failure", /* 1 */ "Reserved", /* 2 */ "Reserved", /* 3 */ "Reserved", /* 4 */ "Reserved", /* 5 */ "Reserved", /* 6 */ "Reserved", /* 7 */ "Reserved", /* 8 */ "Reserved", /* 9 */ "Cannot Support all requested capabilities in the Capability Information field", /* 10 */ "Reassociation denied due to inability to confirm that association exists", /* 11 */ "Association denied due to reason outside the scope of the standard", /* 12 */ "Responding station does not support the specified authentication algorithm ", /* 13 */ "Received an Authentication frame with authentication transaction " \ "sequence number out of expected sequence", /* 14 */ "Authentication rejected because of challenge failure", /* 15 */ "Authentication rejected due to timeout waiting for next frame in sequence", /* 16 */ "Association denied because AP is unable to handle additional associated stations", /* 17 */ "Association denied due to requesting station not supporting all of the " \ "data rates in BSSBasicRateSet parameter", /* 18 */ NULL }; static const char *reason_text[] = { "Reserved", /* 0 */ "Unspecified reason", /* 1 */ "Previous authentication no longer valid", /* 2 */ "Deauthenticated because sending station is leaving (or has left) IBSS or ESS", /* 3 */ "Disassociated due to inactivity", /* 4 */ "Disassociated because AP is unable to handle all currently associated stations", /* 5 */ "Class 2 frame receivedfrom nonauthenticated station", /* 6 */ "Class 3 frame received from nonassociated station", /* 7 */ "Disassociated because sending station is leaving (or has left) BSS", /* 8 */ "Station requesting (re)association is not authenticated with responding station", /* 9 */ NULL }; static int wep_print(const u_char *p,u_int length) { u_int32_t iv; if (!TTEST2(*p, 4)) return 0; iv = EXTRACT_LE_32BITS(p); printf("Data IV:%3x Pad %x KeyID %x", IV_IV(iv), IV_PAD(iv), IV_KEYID(iv)); return 1; } static int parse_elements(struct mgmt_body_t *pbody,const u_char *p,int offset) { for (;;) { if (!TTEST2(*(p + offset), 1)) return 0; if (*(p + offset) == 0xff) break; switch (*(p + offset)) { case E_SSID: if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 2)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->ssid),p+offset,2); offset += 2; if (pbody->ssid.length > 0) { if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), pbody->ssid.length)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->ssid.ssid),p+offset,pbody->ssid.length); offset += pbody->ssid.length; pbody->ssid.ssid[pbody->ssid.length]='\0'; } break; case E_CHALLENGE: if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 2)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->challenge),p+offset,2); offset += 2; if (pbody->challenge.length > 0) { if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), pbody->challenge.length)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->challenge.text),p+offset,pbody->challenge.length); offset += pbody->challenge.length; pbody->challenge.text[pbody->challenge.length]='\0'; } break; case E_RATES: if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 2)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->rates),p+offset,2); offset += 2; if (pbody->rates.length > 0) { if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), pbody->rates.length)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->rates.rate),p+offset,pbody->rates.length); offset += pbody->rates.length; } break; case E_DS: if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 3)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->ds),p+offset,3); offset +=3; break; case E_CF: if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 8)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->cf),p+offset,8); offset +=8; break; case E_TIM: if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 2)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->tim),p+offset,2); offset +=2; if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), 3)) return 0; memcpy(&(pbody->tim.count),p+offset,3); offset +=3; if ((pbody->tim.length -3) > 0) { if (!TTEST2(*(p+offset), pbody->tim.length -3)) return 0; memcpy((pbody->tim.bitmap),p+(pbody->tim.length -3),(pbody->tim.length -3)); offset += pbody->tim.length -3; } break; default: #if 0 printf("(1) unhandled element_id (%d) ", *(p+offset) ); #endif offset+= *(p+offset+1) + 2; break; } } return 1; } /********************************************************************************* * Print Handle functions for the management frame types *********************************************************************************/ static int handle_beacon(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; char buf[128]; memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 12)) return 0; memcpy(&pbody.timestamp, p, 8); offset += 8; pbody.beacon_interval = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; pbody.capability_info = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; if (!parse_elements(&pbody,p,offset)) return 0; RATEStoBUF(pbody, buf); printf("%s (%s) [%s Mbit] %s CH: %x %s", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.ssid.ssid, buf, CAPABILITY_ESS(pbody.capability_info) ? "ESS" : "IBSS", pbody.ds.channel, CAPABILITY_PRIVACY(pbody.capability_info) ? ", PRIVACY" : "" ); return 1; } static int handle_assoc_request(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; char buf[128]; memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 4)) return 0; pbody.capability_info = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); offset += 2; pbody.listen_interval = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; if (!parse_elements(&pbody,p,offset)) return 0; RATEStoBUF(pbody,buf); printf("%s (%s) [%s Mbit] ", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.ssid.ssid,buf); return 1; } static int handle_assoc_response(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 6)) return 0; pbody.capability_info = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); offset += 2; pbody.status_code = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; pbody.aid = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; if (!parse_elements(&pbody,p,offset)) return 0; printf("%s AID(%x) :%s: %s ", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], ((u_int16_t)(pbody.aid << 2 )) >> 2 , CAPABILITY_PRIVACY(pbody.capability_info) ? " PRIVACY " : "", (pbody.status_code < 19 ? status_text[pbody.status_code] : "n/a")); return 1; } static int handle_reassoc_request(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 10)) return 0; pbody.capability_info = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); offset += 2; pbody.listen_interval = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; memcpy(&pbody.ap,p+offset,6); offset += 6; if (!parse_elements(&pbody,p,offset)) return 0; printf("%s (%s) AP : %s",subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.ssid.ssid, etheraddr_string( pbody.ap )); return 1; } static int handle_reassoc_response(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { /* Same as a Association Reponse */ return handle_assoc_response(fc,pmh,p); } static int handle_probe_request(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; char buf[128]; memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!parse_elements(&pbody, p, offset)) return 0; RATEStoBUF(pbody, buf); printf("%s (%s) [%s Mbit] ", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.ssid.ssid,buf); return 1; } static int handle_probe_response(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; char buf[128]; memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf)); memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 12)) return 0; memcpy(&pbody.timestamp,p,8); offset += 8; pbody.beacon_interval = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; pbody.capability_info = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p+offset); offset += 2; if (!parse_elements(&pbody, p, offset)) return 0; printf("%s (%s) CH: %x %s", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.ssid.ssid,pbody.ds.channel, CAPABILITY_PRIVACY(pbody.capability_info) ? ",PRIVACY " : "" ); return 1; } static int handle_atim(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { /* the frame body for ATIM is null. */ printf("ATIM"); return 1; } static int handle_disassoc(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 2)) return 0; pbody.reason_code = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); offset += 2; printf("%s: %s ", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.reason_code < 10 ? reason_text[pbody.reason_code] : "Reserved" ); return 1; } static int handle_auth(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 6)) return 0; pbody.auth_alg = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); offset += 2; pbody.auth_trans_seq_num = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p + offset); offset += 2; pbody.status_code = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p + offset); offset += 2; if (!parse_elements(&pbody,p,offset)) return 0; if ((pbody.auth_alg == 1) && ((pbody.auth_trans_seq_num == 2) || (pbody.auth_trans_seq_num == 3))) { printf("%s (%s)-%x [Challenge Text] %s", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.auth_alg < 4 ? auth_alg_text[pbody.auth_alg] : "Reserved" , pbody.auth_trans_seq_num, ((pbody.auth_trans_seq_num % 2) ? (pbody.status_code < 19 ? status_text[pbody.status_code] : "n/a") : "" )); } else { printf("%s (%s)-%x: %s", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.auth_alg < 4 ? auth_alg_text[pbody.auth_alg] : "Reserved" , pbody.auth_trans_seq_num, ((pbody.auth_trans_seq_num % 2) ? (pbody.status_code < 19 ? status_text[pbody.status_code] : "n/a") : "")); } return 1; } static int handle_deauth(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p) { struct mgmt_body_t pbody; int offset = 0; memset(&pbody, 0, sizeof(pbody)); if (!TTEST2(*p, 2)) return 0; pbody.reason_code = EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); offset += 2; if (eflag) { printf("%s: %s", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], pbody.reason_code < 10 ? reason_text[pbody.reason_code] : "Reserved" ); } else { printf("%s (%s): %s", subtype_text[FC_SUBTYPE(fc)], etheraddr_string(pmh->sa), pbody.reason_code < 10 ? reason_text[pbody.reason_code] : "Reserved" ); } return 1; } /********************************************************************************* * Print Body funcs *********************************************************************************/ static int mgmt_body_print(u_int16_t fc, const struct mgmt_header_t *pmh, const u_char *p, u_int length) { switch (FC_SUBTYPE(fc)) { case ST_ASSOC_REQUEST: return (handle_assoc_request(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_ASSOC_RESPONSE: return (handle_assoc_response(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_REASSOC_REQUEST: return (handle_reassoc_request(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_REASSOC_RESPONSE: return (handle_reassoc_response(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_PROBE_REQUEST: return (handle_probe_request(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_PROBE_RESPONSE: return (handle_probe_response(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_BEACON: return (handle_beacon(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_ATIM: return (handle_atim(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_DISASSOC: return (handle_disassoc(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_AUTH: if (!TTEST2(*p, 3)) return 0; if ((p[0] == 0 ) && (p[1] == 0) && (p[2] == 0)) { printf("Authentication (Shared-Key)-3 "); return (wep_print(p, length)); } else return (handle_auth(fc, pmh, p)); case ST_DEAUTH: return (handle_deauth(fc, pmh, p)); break; default: printf("Unhandled Managment subtype(%x)", FC_SUBTYPE(fc)); return 1; } } /********************************************************************************* * Handles printing all the control frame types *********************************************************************************/ static int ctrl_body_print(u_int16_t fc,const u_char *p, u_int length) { switch (FC_SUBTYPE(fc)) { case CTRL_PS_POLL: if (!TTEST2(*p, CTRL_PS_POLL_LEN)) return 0; printf("Power Save-Poll AID(%x)", EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(&(((const struct ctrl_ps_poll_t *)p)->aid))); break; case CTRL_RTS: if (!TTEST2(*p, CTRL_RTS_LEN)) return 0; if (eflag) printf("Request-To-Send"); else printf("Request-To-Send TA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_rts_t *)p)->ta)); break; case CTRL_CTS: if (!TTEST2(*p, CTRL_CTS_LEN)) return 0; if (eflag) printf("Clear-To-Send"); else printf("Clear-To-Send RA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_cts_t *)p)->ra)); break; case CTRL_ACK: if (!TTEST2(*p, CTRL_ACK_LEN)) return 0; if (eflag) printf("Acknowledgment"); else printf("Acknowledgment RA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_ack_t *)p)->ra)); break; case CTRL_CF_END: if (!TTEST2(*p, CTRL_END_LEN)) return 0; if (eflag) printf("CF-End"); else printf("CF-End RA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_end_t *)p)->ra)); break; case CTRL_END_ACK: if (!TTEST2(*p, CTRL_END_ACK_LEN)) return 0; if (eflag) printf("CF-End+CF-Ack"); else printf("CF-End+CF-Ack RA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_end_ack_t *)p)->ra)); break; default: printf("(B) Unknown Ctrl Subtype"); } return 1; } /* * Print Header funcs */ /* * Data Frame - Address field contents * * To Ds | From DS | Addr 1 | Addr 2 | Addr 3 | Addr 4 * 0 | 0 | DA | SA | BSSID | n/a * 0 | 1 | DA | BSSID | SA | n/a * 1 | 0 | BSSID | SA | DA | n/a * 1 | 1 | RA | TA | DA | SA */ static void data_header_print(u_int16_t fc,const u_char *p, u_int length) { #define ADDR1 (p + 4) #define ADDR2 (p + 10) #define ADDR3 (p + 16) #define ADDR4 (p + 24) if (!FC_TO_DS(fc)) { if (!FC_FROM_DS(fc)) printf("DA:%s SA:%s BSSID:%s ", etheraddr_string(ADDR1), etheraddr_string(ADDR2), etheraddr_string(ADDR3)); else printf("DA:%s BSSID:%s SA:%s ", etheraddr_string(ADDR1), etheraddr_string(ADDR2), etheraddr_string(ADDR3)); } else { if (!FC_FROM_DS(fc)) printf("BSSID:%s SA:%s DA:%s ", etheraddr_string(ADDR1), etheraddr_string(ADDR2), etheraddr_string(ADDR3)); else printf("RA:%s TA:%s DA:%s SA:%s ", etheraddr_string(ADDR1), etheraddr_string(ADDR2), etheraddr_string(ADDR3), etheraddr_string(ADDR4)); } #undef ADDR1 #undef ADDR2 #undef ADDR3 #undef ADDR4 } static void mgmt_header_print(const u_char *p, u_int length) { const struct mgmt_header_t *hp = (const struct mgmt_header_t *) p; printf("BSSID:%s DA:%s SA:%s ", etheraddr_string((hp)->bssid), etheraddr_string((hp)->da), etheraddr_string((hp)->sa)); } static void ctrl_header_print(u_int16_t fc,const u_char *p, u_int length) { switch (FC_SUBTYPE(fc)) { case CTRL_PS_POLL: printf("BSSID:%s TA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_ps_poll_t *)p)->bssid), etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_ps_poll_t *)p)->ta)); break; case CTRL_RTS: printf("RA:%s TA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_rts_t *)p)->ra), etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_rts_t *)p)->ta)); break; case CTRL_CTS: printf("RA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_cts_t *)p)->ra)); break; case CTRL_ACK: printf("RA:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_ack_t *)p)->ra)); break; case CTRL_CF_END: printf("RA:%s BSSID:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_end_t *)p)->ra), etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_end_t *)p)->bssid)); break; case CTRL_END_ACK: printf("RA:%s BSSID:%s ", etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_end_ack_t *)p)->ra), etheraddr_string(((const struct ctrl_end_ack_t *)p)->bssid)); break; default: printf("(H) Unknown Ctrl Subtype"); } } static int GetHeaderLength(u_int16_t fc) { int iLength=0; switch (FC_TYPE(fc)) { case T_MGMT: iLength = MGMT_HEADER_LEN; break; case T_CTRL: switch (FC_SUBTYPE(fc)) { case CTRL_PS_POLL: iLength = CTRL_PS_POLL_LEN; break; case CTRL_RTS: iLength = CTRL_RTS_LEN; break; case CTRL_CTS: iLength = CTRL_CTS_LEN; break; case CTRL_ACK: iLength = CTRL_ACK_LEN; break; case CTRL_CF_END: iLength = CTRL_END_LEN; break; case CTRL_END_ACK: iLength = CTRL_END_ACK_LEN; break; default: iLength = 0; break; } break; case T_DATA: if (FC_TO_DS(fc) && FC_FROM_DS(fc)) iLength = 30; else iLength = 24; break; default: printf("unknown IEEE802.11 frame type (%d)", FC_TYPE(fc)); break; } return iLength; } /* * Print the 802.11 MAC header */ static inline void ieee_802_11_print(u_int16_t fc, const u_char *p, u_int length) { switch (FC_TYPE(fc)) { case T_MGMT: mgmt_header_print(p, length); break; case T_CTRL: ctrl_header_print(fc, p, length); break; case T_DATA: data_header_print(fc, p, length); break; default: printf("(header) unknown IEEE802.11 frame type (%d)", FC_TYPE(fc)); break; } } /* * This is the top level routine of the printer. 'p' is the points * to the ether header of the packet, 'h->tv' is the timestamp, * 'h->length' is the length of the packet off the wire, and 'h->caplen' * is the number of bytes actually captured. */ void ieee802_11_if_print(u_char *user, const struct pcap_pkthdr *h, const u_char *p) { u_int caplen = h->caplen; u_int length = h->len; u_int16_t fc; u_int HEADER_LENGTH; u_short extracted_ethertype; ++infodelay; ts_print(&h->ts); if (caplen < IEEE802_11_FC_LEN) { printf("[|802.11]"); goto out; } fc=EXTRACT_LE_16BITS(p); if (eflag) ieee_802_11_print(fc, p, length); /* * Some printers want to get back at the ethernet addresses, * and/or check that they're not walking off the end of the packet. * Rather than pass them all the way down, we set these globals. */ packetp = p; snapend = p + caplen; HEADER_LENGTH=GetHeaderLength(fc); length -= HEADER_LENGTH; caplen -= HEADER_LENGTH; p += HEADER_LENGTH; switch (FC_TYPE(fc)) { case T_MGMT: if (!mgmt_body_print(fc, (const struct mgmt_header_t *)packetp, p, length)) { printf("[|802.11]"); goto out; } break; case T_CTRL: if (!ctrl_body_print(fc, p - HEADER_LENGTH, length + HEADER_LENGTH)) { printf("[|802.11]"); goto out; } break; case T_DATA: /* There may be a problem w/ AP not having this bit set */ if (FC_WEP(fc)) { if (!wep_print(p,length)) { printf("[|802.11]"); goto out; } } else { if (llc_print(p, length, caplen, packetp + 10, packetp + 4, &extracted_ethertype) == 0) { /* * Some kinds of LLC packet we cannot * handle intelligently */ if (!eflag) ieee_802_11_print(fc, p - HEADER_LENGTH, length + HEADER_LENGTH); if (extracted_ethertype) { printf("(LLC %s) ", etherproto_string(htons(extracted_ethertype))); } if (!xflag && !qflag) default_print(p, caplen); } } break; default: printf("(body) unhandled IEEE802.11 frame type (%d)", FC_TYPE(fc)); break; } if (xflag) default_print(p, caplen); out: putchar('\n'); --infodelay; if (infoprint) info(0); }