radix tree test suite: align kmem_cache_alloc_bulk() with kernel behavior.

When kmem_cache_alloc_bulk() fails to allocate, leave the freed pointers
in the array. This enables a more accurate simulation of the kernel's
behavior and allows for testing potential double-free scenarios.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231027033845.90608-5-zhangpeng.00@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Peng Zhang <zhangpeng.00@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@gmail.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Christie <michael.christie@oracle.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: fix allocation calculation in kmem_cache_alloc_bulk()

The bulk allocation is iterating through an array and storing enough
memory for the entire bulk allocation instead of a single array entry.
Only allocate an array element of the size set in the kmem_cache.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230929201359.2857583-1-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Fixes: cc86e0c2f306 ("radix tree test suite: add support for slab bulk APIs")
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

maple_tree: reorganize testing to restore module testing

Along the development cycle, the testing code support for module/in-kernel
compiles was removed. Restore this functionality by moving any internal
API tests to the userspace side, as well as threading tests. Fix the
lockdep issues and add a way to reduce memory usage so the tests can
complete with KASAN + memleak detection. Make the tests work on 32 bit
hosts where possible and detect 32 bit hosts in the radix test suite.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix module export]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix it some more]
[liam.howlett@oracle.com: fix compile warnings on 32bit build in check_find()]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221107203816.1260327-1-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221028180415.3074673-1-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: add support for slab bulk APIs

Add support for kmem_cache_free_bulk() and kmem_cache_alloc_bulk() to the
radix tree test suite.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220906194824.2110408-6-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Tested-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: add allocation counts and size to kmem_cache

Add functions to get the number of allocations, and total allocations from
a kmem_cache. Also add a function to get the allocated size and a way to
zero the total allocations.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220906194824.2110408-5-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Tested-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: add kmem_cache_set_non_kernel()

kmem_cache_set_non_kernel() is a mechanism to allow a certain number of
kmem_cache_alloc requests to succeed even when GFP_KERNEL is not set in
the flags. This functionality allows for testing different paths though
the code.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220906194824.2110408-4-Liam.Howlett@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

tools: Add kmem_cache_alloc_lru()

Turn kmem_cache_alloc() into a wrapper around kmem_cache_alloc_lru().

Fixes: 9bbdc0f32409 ("xarray: use kmem_cache_alloc_lru to allocate xa_node")
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reported-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Reported-by: Li Wang <liwang@redhat.com>

tools: Move gfp.h and slab.h from radix-tree to lib

Merge radix-tree definitions from gfp.h and slab.h with these
in tools/lib, so they can be used in other test suites.
Fix style issues in slab.h. Update radix-tree test files.

Signed-off-by: Karolina Drobnik <karolinadrobnik@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/b76ddb8a12fdf9870b55c1401213e44f5e0d0da3.1643796665.git.karolinadrobnik@gmail.com

radix tree test suite: Support kmem_cache alignment

The radix tree doesn't use alignment, so the argument was ignored.
The maple tree needs its nodes to be aligned, so we need to pay attention
to the alignment argument. Also change the types of 'size' and 'align'
to unsigned int to match commit f4957d5bd0916.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>

radix tree test suite: Fix build

- Add an empty linux/compiler_types.h (now being included by kconfig.h)
- Add __GFP_ZERO
- Add kzalloc
- Test __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM instead of __GFP_NOWARN

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

radix-tree: Chain preallocated nodes through ->parent

Chaining through the ->private_data member means we have to zero
->private_data after removing preallocated nodes from the list.
We're about to initialise ->parent anyway, so we can avoid zeroing it.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>

radix tree test suite: Dial down verbosity with -v

Make the output of radix tree test suite less verbose by default and add
-v and -vv command line options for increasing level of verbosity.

Signed-off-by: Rehas Sachdeva <aquannie@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>

radix tree test suite: Introduce kmalloc_verbose

To help track down where memory leaks may be, add the ability to turn
on/off printing allocations, frees and delayed frees.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>

radix tree test suite: Remove types.h

Move the pieces we still need to tools/include and update a few implicit
includes.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>

radix tree test suite: Remove mempool

The radix tree hasn't used a mempool since the beginning of git history.
Remove the userspace mempool implementation.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Rehas Sachdeva <aquannie@gmail.com>

radix tree test suite: cache recently freed objects

The kmem_cache_alloc implementation simply allocates new memory from
malloc() and calls the ctor, which zeroes out the entire object. This
means it cannot spot bugs where the object isn't properly reinitialised
before being freed.

Add a small (11 objects) cache before freeing objects back to malloc.
This is enough to let us write a test to catch it, although the memory
allocator is now aware of the structure of the radix tree node, since it
chains free objects through ->private_data (like the percpu cache does).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1481667692-14500-2-git-send-email-mawilcox@linuxonhyperv.com
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: add some more functionality

IDR needs more functionality from the kernel: kmalloc()/kfree(), and
xchg().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1480369871-5271-67-git-send-email-mawilcox@linuxonhyperv.com
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: track preempt_count

Rather than simply NOP out preempt_enable() and preempt_disable(), keep
track of preempt_count and display it regularly in case either the test
suite or the code under test is forgetting to balance the enables &
disables. Only found a test-case that was forgetting to re-enable
preemption, but it's a possibility worth checking.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1480369871-5271-39-git-send-email-mawilcox@linuxonhyperv.com
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test suite: allow GFP_ATOMIC allocations to fail

In order to test the preload code, it is necessary to fail GFP_ATOMIC
allocations, which requires defining GFP_KERNEL and GFP_ATOMIC properly.
Remove the obsolete __GFP_WAIT and copy the definitions of the __GFP
flags which are used from the kernel include files. We also need the
real definition of gfpflags_allow_blocking() to persuade the radix tree
to actually use its preallocated nodes.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1480369871-5271-38-git-send-email-mawilcox@linuxonhyperv.com
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

radix tree test harness

This code is mostly from Andrew Morton and Nick Piggin; tarball downloaded
from http://ozlabs.org/~akpm/rtth.tar.gz with sha1sum
0ce679db9ec047296b5d1ff7a1dfaa03a7bef1bd

Some small modifications were necessary to the test harness to fix the
build with the current Linux source code.

I also made minor modifications to automatically test the radix-tree.c
and radix-tree.h files that are in the current source tree, as opposed
to a copied and slightly modified version. I am sure more could be done
to tidy up the harness, as well as adding more tests.

[koct9i@gmail.com: fix compilation]
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>