perf pmu: Use file system cache to optimize sysfs access

pmu.c does a lot of redundant /sys accesses while parsing aliases
and probing for PMUs. On large systems with a lot of PMUs this
can get expensive (>2s):

% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
27.25 1.227847 8 160888 16976 openat
26.42 1.190481 7 164224 164077 stat

Add a cache to remember if specific file names exist or don't
exist, which eliminates most of this overhead.

Also optimize some stat() calls to be slightly cheaper access()

Resulting in:

0.18 0.004166 2 1851 305 open
0.08 0.001970 2 829 622 access

Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191121001522.180827-2-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>