LoongArch: extable: Add `type` and `data` fields

This is a LoongArch port of commit d6e2cc564775 ("arm64: extable: add
`type` and `data` fields").

Subsequent patches will add specialized handlers for fixups, in addition
to the simple PC fixup we have today. In preparation, this patch adds a
new `type` field to struct exception_table_entry, and uses this to
distinguish the fixup and other cases. A `data` field is also added so
that subsequent patches can associate data specific to each exception
site (e.g. register numbers).

Handlers are named ex_handler_*() for consistency, following the example
of x86. At the same time, get_ex_fixup() is split out into a helper so
that it can be used by other ex_handler_*() functions in the subsequent
patches.

Signed-off-by: Youling Tang <tangyouling@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>

LoongArch: Switch to relative exception tables

Similar to other architectures such as arm64, x86, riscv and so on, use
offsets relative to the exception table entry values rather than their
absolute addresses for both the exception location and the fixup.

However, LoongArch label difference because it will actually produce two
relocations, a pair of R_LARCH_ADD32 and R_LARCH_SUB32. Take simple code
below for example:

$ cat test_ex_table.S
.section .text
1:
nop
.section __ex_table,"a"
.balign 4
.long (1b - .)
.previous

$ loongarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc -c test_ex_table.S
$ loongarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-readelf -Wr test_ex_table.o

Relocation section '.rela__ex_table' at offset 0x100 contains 2 entries:
Offset Info Type Symbol's Value Symbol's Name + Addend
0000000000000000 0000000600000032 R_LARCH_ADD32 0000000000000000 .L1^B1 + 0
0000000000000000 0000000500000037 R_LARCH_SUB32 0000000000000000 L0^A + 0

The modpost will complain the R_LARCH_SUB32 relocation, so we need to
patch modpost.c to skip this relocation for .rela__ex_table section.

Signed-off-by: Youling Tang <tangyouling@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>

LoongArch: Add ELF-related definitions

Add ELF-related definitions for LoongArch, including: EM_LOONGARCH,
KEXEC_ARCH_LOONGARCH, AUDIT_ARCH_LOONGARCH32, AUDIT_ARCH_LOONGARCH64
and NT_LOONGARCH_*.

Reviewed-by: WANG Xuerui <git@xen0n.name>
Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com>
Signed-off-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn>

s390/extable: convert to relative table with data

Follow arm64, riscv, and x86 and change extable layout to common
"relative table with data". This allows to get rid of s390 specific
code in sorttable.c.

The main difference to before is that extable entries do not contain a
relative function pointer anymore. Instead data and type fields are
added.

The type field is used to indicate which exception handler needs to be
called, while the data field is currently unused.

Acked-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>

riscv: extable: add `type` and `data` fields

This is a riscv port of commit d6e2cc564775 ("arm64: extable: add `type`
and `data` fields").

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

riscv: switch to relative exception tables

Similar as other architectures such as arm64, x86 and so on, use
offsets relative to the exception table entry values rather than
absolute addresses for both the exception locationand the fixup.

However, RISCV label difference will actually produce two relocations,
a pair of R_RISCV_ADD32 and R_RISCV_SUB32. Take below simple code for
example:

$ cat test.S
.section .text
1:
nop
.section __ex_table,"a"
.balign 4
.long (1b - .)
.previous

$ riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc -c test.S
$ riscv64-linux-gnu-readelf -r test.o
Relocation section '.rela__ex_table' at offset 0x100 contains 2 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000000000 000600000023 R_RISCV_ADD32 0000000000000000 .L1^B1 + 0
000000000000 000500000027 R_RISCV_SUB32 0000000000000000 .L0 + 0

The modpost will complain the R_RISCV_SUB32 relocation, so we need to
patch modpost.c to skip this relocation for .rela__ex_table section.

After this patch, the __ex_table section size of defconfig vmlinux is
reduced from 7072 Bytes to 3536 Bytes.

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

scripts/sorttable: Unify arm64 & x86 sort functions

The format of the arm64 and x86 exception table entries is essentially
the same as of commits:

46d28947d9876fc0 ("x86/extable: Rework the exception table mechanics")
d6e2cc5647753825 ("arm64: extable: add `type` and `data` fields")

Both use a 12-byte entry consisting of two 32-bit relative offsets and
32 bits of (absolute) data, and their sort functions are identical aside
from commentary, with arm64 saying:

/* Don't touch the fixup type or data */

... and x86 saying:

/* Don't touch the fixup type */

Unify the two behind a common sort_relative_table_with_data() function,
retaining the arm64 commentary.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>

scripts: ftrace - move the sort-processing in ftrace_init

When the kernel starts, the initialization of ftrace takes
up a portion of the time (approximately 6~8ms) to sort mcount
addresses. We can save this time by moving mcount-sorting to
compile time.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211212113358.34208-2-yinan@linux.alibaba.com

Signed-off-by: Yinan Liu <yinan@linux.alibaba.com>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

arm64: extable: add `type` and `data` fields

Subsequent patches will add specialized handlers for fixups, in addition
to the simple PC fixup and BPF handlers we have today. In preparation,
this patch adds a new `type` field to struct exception_table_entry, and
uses this to distinguish the fixup and BPF cases. A `data` field is also
added so that subsequent patches can associate data specific to each
exception site (e.g. register numbers).

Handlers are named ex_handler_*() for consistency, following the exmaple
of x86. At the same time, get_ex_fixup() is split out into a helper so
that it can be used by other ex_handler_*() functions ins subsequent
patches.

This patch will increase the size of the exception tables, which will be
remedied by subsequent patches removing redundant fixup code. There
should be no functional change as a result of this patch.

Since each entry is now 12 bytes in size, we must reduce the alignment
of each entry from `.align 3` (i.e. 8 bytes) to `.align 2` (i.e. 4
bytes), which is the natrual alignment of the `insn` and `fixup` fields.
The current 8-byte alignment is a holdover from when the `insn` and
`fixup` fields was 8 bytes, and while not harmful has not been necessary
since commit:

6c94f27ac847ff8e ("arm64: switch to relative exception tables")

Similarly, RO_EXCEPTION_TABLE_ALIGN is dropped to 4 bytes.

Concurrently with this patch, x86's exception table entry format is
being updated (similarly to a 12-byte format, with 32-bytes of absolute
data). Once both have been merged it should be possible to unify the
sorttable logic for the two.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe@linaro.org>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211019160219.5202-11-mark.rutland@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>

x86/extable: Rework the exception table mechanics

The exception table entries contain the instruction address, the fixup
address and the handler address. All addresses are relative. Storing the
handler address has a few downsides:

1) Most handlers need to be exported

2) Handlers can be defined everywhere and there is no overview about the
handler types

3) MCE needs to check the handler type to decide whether an in kernel #MC
can be recovered. The functionality of the handler itself is not in any
way special, but for these checks there need to be separate functions
which in the worst case have to be exported.

Some of these 'recoverable' exception fixups are pretty obscure and
just reuse some other handler to spare code. That obfuscates e.g. the
#MC safe copy functions. Cleaning that up would require more handlers
and exports

Rework the exception fixup mechanics by storing a fixup type number instead
of the handler address and invoke the proper handler for each fixup
type. Also teach the extable sort to leave the type field alone.

This makes most handlers static except for special cases like the MCE
MSR fixup and the BPF fixup. This allows to add more types for cleaning up
the obscure places without adding more handler code and exports.

There is a marginal code size reduction for a production config and it
removes _eight_ exported symbols.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210908132525.211958725@linutronix.de

scripts/sorttable: riscv: fix undeclared identifier 'EM_RISCV' error

Fix the following build failure reported in [1] by adding a conditional
definition of EM_RISCV in order to allow cross-compilation on machines
which do not have EM_RISCV definition in their host.

scripts/sorttable.c:352:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'EM_RISCV'

EM_RISCV was added to <elf.h> in glibc 2.24 so builds on systems with
glibc headers < 2.24 should show this error.

[mkubecek@suse.cz: changelog addition]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/e8965b25-f15b-c7b4-748c-d207dda9c8e8@i2se.com/ [1]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210913030625.4525-1-miles.chen@mediatek.com
Fixes: 54fed35fd393 ("riscv: Enable BUILDTIME_TABLE_SORT")
Signed-off-by: Miles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com>
Reported-by: Stefan Wahren <stefan.wahren@i2se.com>
Tested-by: Stefan Wahren <stefan.wahren@i2se.com>
Reviewed-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Kubecek <mkubecek@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Markus Mayer <mmayer@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

riscv: Enable BUILDTIME_TABLE_SORT

Enable BUILDTIME_TABLE_SORT to sort the exception table at build time
rather than during boot.

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>

s390/kernel: expand exception table logic to allow new handling options

This is a s390 port of commit 548acf19234d ("x86/mm: Expand the
exception table logic to allow new handling options"), which is needed
for implementing BPF_PROBE_MEM on s390.

The new handler field is made 64-bit in order to allow pointing from
dynamically allocated entries to handlers in kernel text. Unlike on x86,
NULL is used instead of ex_handler_default. This is because exception
tables are used by boot/text_dma.S, and it would be a pain to preserve
ex_handler_default.

The new infrastructure is ignored in early_pgm_check_handler, since
there is no pt_regs.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>

scripts/sorttable: Implement build-time ORC unwind table sorting

The ORC unwinder has two tables: .orc_unwind_ip and .orc_unwind, which
need to be sorted for binary search. Previously this sorting was done
during bootup.

Sort them at build time to speed up booting.

Add the ORC tables sorting in a parallel build process to speed up the build.

[ mingo: Rewrote the changelog and fixed some comments. ]

Suggested-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Michal Marek <michal.lkml@markovi.net>
Cc: linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191204004633.88660-7-shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

scripts/sorttable: Rename 'sortextable' to 'sorttable'

Use a more generic name for additional table sorting usecases,
such as the upcoming ORC table sorting feature. This tool is
not tied to exception table sorting anymore.

No functional changes intended.

[ mingo: Rewrote the changelog. ]

Signed-off-by: Shile Zhang <shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Michal Marek <michal.lkml@markovi.net>
Cc: linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191204004633.88660-6-shile.zhang@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>