watchdog/core: remove sysctl handlers from public header

The functions are only used in the file where they are defined. Remove
them from the header and make them static.

Also guard proc_soft_watchdog with a #define-guard as it is not used
otherwise.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240306-const-sysctl-prep-watchdog-v1-1-bd45da3a41cf@weissschuh.net
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: if panicking and we dumped everything, don't re-enable dumping

If, as part of handling a hardlockup or softlockup, we've already dumped
all CPUs and we're just about to panic, don't reenable dumping and give
some other CPU a chance to hop in there and add some confusing logs right
as the panic is happening.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231220131534.4.Id3a9c7ec2d7d83e4080da6f8662ba2226b40543f@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@bytedance.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: use printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() to serialize reporting

If two CPUs end up reporting a hardlockup at the same time then their logs
could get interleaved which is hard to read.

The interleaving problem was especially bad with the "perf" hardlockup
detector where the locked up CPU is always the same as the running CPU and
we end up in show_regs(). show_regs() has no inherent serialization so we
could mix together two crawls if two hardlockups happened at the same time
(and if we didn't have `sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace` set). With
this change we'll fully serialize hardlockups when using the "perf"
hardlockup detector.

The interleaving problem was less bad with the "buddy" hardlockup
detector. With "buddy" we always end up calling
`trigger_single_cpu_backtrace(cpu)` on some CPU other than the running
one. trigger_single_cpu_backtrace() always at least serializes the
individual stack crawls because it eventually uses
printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave(). Unfortunately the fact that
trigger_single_cpu_backtrace() eventually calls
printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() (on a different CPU) means that we have to
drop the "lock" before calling it and we can't fully serialize all
printouts associated with a given hardlockup. However, we still do get
the advantage of serializing the output of print_modules() and
print_irqtrace_events().

Aside from serializing hardlockups from each other, this change also has
the advantage of serializing hardlockups and softlockups from each other
if they happen to happen at the same time since they are both using the
same "lock".

Even though nobody is expected to hang while holding the lock associated
with printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave(), out of an abundance of caution, we
don't call printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() until after we print out about
the hardlockup. This makes extra sure that, even if
printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() somehow never runs we at least print that we
saw the hardlockup. This is different than the choice made for softlockup
because hardlockup is really our last resort.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231220131534.3.I6ff691b3b40f0379bc860f80c6e729a0485b5247@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@bytedance.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/softlockup: use printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() to serialize reporting

Instead of introducing a spinlock, use printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() and
printk_cpu_sync_put_irqrestore() to serialize softlockup reporting. Alone
this doesn't have any real advantage over the spinlock, but this will
allow us to use the same function in a future change to also serialize
hardlockup crawls.

NOTE: for the most part this serialization is important because we often
end up in the show_regs() path and that has no built-in serialization if
there are multiple callers at once. However, even in the case where we
end up in the dump_stack() path this still has some advantages because the
stack will be guaranteed to be together in the logs with the lockup
message with no interleaving.

NOTE: the fact that printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave() is allowed to be called
multiple times on the same CPU is important here. Specifically we hold
the "lock" while calling dump_stack() which also gets the same "lock".
This is explicitly documented to be OK and means we don't need to
introduce a variant of dump_stack() that doesn't grab the lock.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231220131534.2.Ia5906525d440d8e8383cde31b7c61c2aadc8f907@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@bytedance.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: adopt softlockup logic avoiding double-dumps

Patch series "watchdog: Better handling of concurrent lockups".

When we get multiple lockups at roughly the same time, the output in the
kernel logs can be very confusing since the reports about the lockups end
up interleaved in the logs. There is some code in the kernel to try to
handle this but it wasn't that complete.

Li Zhe recently made this a bit better for softlockups (specifically for
the case where `kernel.softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace` is not set) in commit
9d02330abd3e ("softlockup: serialized softlockup's log"), but that only
handled softlockup reports. Hardlockup reports still had similar issues.

This series also has a small fix to avoid dumping all stacks a second time
in the case of a panic. This is a bit unrelated to the interleaving fixes
but it does also improve the clarity of lockup reports.


This patch (of 4):

The hardlockup detector and softlockup detector both have the ability to
dump the stack of all CPUs (`kernel.hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace` and
`kernel.softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace`). Both detectors also have some
logic to attempt to avoid interleaving printouts if two CPUs were trying
to do dumps of all CPUs at the same time. However:

- The hardlockup detector's logic still allowed interleaving some
information. Specifically another CPU could print modules and dump
the stack of the locked CPU at the same time we were dumping all
CPUs.

- In the case where `kernel.hardlockup_panic` was set in addition to
`kernel.hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace`, when two CPUs both detected
hardlockups at the same time the second CPU could call panic() while
the first was still dumping stacks. This was especially bad if the
locked up CPU wasn't responding to the request for a backtrace since
the function nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace() can wait up to 10
seconds.

Let's resolve this by adopting the softlockup logic in the hardlockup
handler.

NOTES:

- As part of this, one might think that we should make a helper
function that both the hard and softlockup detectors call. This
turns out not to be super trivial since it would have to be
parameterized quite a bit since there are separate global variables
controlling each lockup detector and they print log messages that
are just different enough that it would be a pain. We probably don't
want to change the messages that are printed without good reason to
avoid throwing log parsers for a loop.

- One might also think that it would be a good idea to have the
hardlockup and softlockup detector use the same global variable to
prevent interleaving. This would make sure that softlockups and
hardlockups can't interleave each other. That _almost_ works but has
a dangerous flaw if `kernel.hardlockup_panic` is not the same as
`kernel.softlockup_panic` because we might skip a call to panic() if
one type of lockup was detected at the same time as another.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231220211640.2023645-1-dianders@chromium.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231220131534.1.I4f35a69fbb124b5f0c71f75c631e11fabbe188ff@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@bytedance.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

softlockup: serialized softlockup's log

If multiple CPUs trigger softlockup at the same time with
'softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace=0', the softlockup's logs will appear
staggeredly in dmesg, which will affect the viewing of the logs for
developer. Since the code path for outputting softlockup logs is not a
kernel hotspot and the performance requirements for the code are not
strict, locks are used to serialize the softlockup log output to improve
the readability of the logs.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231123084022.10302-1-lizhe.67@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Li Zhe <lizhe.67@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Zefan Li <lizefan.x@bytedance.com>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: move softlockup_panic back to early_param

Setting softlockup_panic from do_sysctl_args() causes it to take effect
later in boot. The lockup detector is enabled before SMP is brought
online, but do_sysctl_args runs afterwards. If a user wants to set
softlockup_panic on boot and have it trigger should a softlockup occur
during onlining of the non-boot processors, they could do this prior to
commit f117955a2255 ("kernel/watchdog.c: convert {soft/hard}lockup boot
parameters to sysctl aliases"). However, after this commit the value
of softlockup_panic is set too late to be of help for this type of
problem. Restore the prior behavior.

Signed-off-by: Krister Johansen <kjlx@templeofstupid.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: f117955a2255 ("kernel/watchdog.c: convert {soft/hard}lockup boot parameters to sysctl aliases")
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: avoid large stack frames in watchdog_hardlockup_check()

After commit 77c12fc95980 ("watchdog/hardlockup: add a "cpu" param to
watchdog_hardlockup_check()") we started storing a `struct cpumask` on the
stack in watchdog_hardlockup_check(). On systems with CONFIG_NR_CPUS set
to 8192 this takes up 1K on the stack. That triggers warnings with
`CONFIG_FRAME_WARN` set to 1024.

We'll use the new trigger_allbutcpu_cpu_backtrace() to avoid needing to
use a CPU mask at all.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230804065935.v4.2.I501ab68cb926ee33a7c87e063d207abf09b9943c@changeid
Fixes: 77c12fc95980 ("watchdog/hardlockup: add a "cpu" param to watchdog_hardlockup_check()")
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/202307310955.pLZDhpnl-lkp@intel.com
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

nmi_backtrace: allow excluding an arbitrary CPU

The APIs that allow backtracing across CPUs have always had a way to
exclude the current CPU. This convenience means callers didn't need to
find a place to allocate a CPU mask just to handle the common case.

Let's extend the API to take a CPU ID to exclude instead of just a
boolean. This isn't any more complex for the API to handle and allows the
hardlockup detector to exclude a different CPU (the one it already did a
trace for) without needing to find space for a CPU mask.

Arguably, this new API also encourages safer behavior. Specifically if
the caller wants to avoid tracing the current CPU (maybe because they
already traced the current CPU) this makes it more obvious to the caller
that they need to make sure that the current CPU ID can't change.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix trigger_allbutcpu_cpu_backtrace() stub]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230804065935.v4.1.Ia35521b91fc781368945161d7b28538f9996c182@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/sparc64: define HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64

The HAVE_ prefix means that the code could be enabled. Add another
variable for HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64 without this prefix.
It will be set when it should be built. It will make it compatible
with the other hardlockup detectors.

Before, it is far from obvious that the SPARC64 variant is actually used:

$> make ARCH=sparc64 defconfig
$> grep HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR .config
CONFIG_HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_BUDDY=y
CONFIG_HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64=y

After, it is more clear:

$> make ARCH=sparc64 defconfig
$> grep HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR .config
CONFIG_HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_BUDDY=y
CONFIG_HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64=y
CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64=y

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230616150618.6073-6-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: make HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG sparc64-specific

There are several hardlockup detector implementations and several Kconfig
values which allow selection and build of the preferred one.

CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR was introduced by the commit 23637d477c1f53acb
("lockup_detector: Introduce CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR") in v2.6.36.
It was a preparation step for introducing the new generic perf hardlockup
detector.

The existing arch-specific variants did not support the to-be-created
generic build configurations, sysctl interface, etc. This distinction
was made explicit by the commit 4a7863cc2eb5f98 ("x86, nmi_watchdog:
Remove ARCH_HAS_NMI_WATCHDOG and rely on CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR")
in v2.6.38.

CONFIG_HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG was introduced by the commit d314d74c695f967e105
("nmi watchdog: do not use cpp symbol in Kconfig") in v3.4-rc1. It replaced
the above mentioned ARCH_HAS_NMI_WATCHDOG. At that time, it was still used
by three architectures, namely blackfin, mn10300, and sparc.

The support for blackfin and mn10300 architectures has been completely
dropped some time ago. And sparc is the only architecture with the historic
NMI watchdog at the moment.

And the old sparc implementation is really special. It is always built on
sparc64. It used to be always enabled until the commit 7a5c8b57cec93196b
("sparc: implement watchdog_nmi_enable and watchdog_nmi_disable") added
in v4.10-rc1.

There are only few locations where the sparc64 NMI watchdog interacts
with the generic hardlockup detectors code:

+ implements arch_touch_nmi_watchdog() which is called from the generic
touch_nmi_watchdog()

+ implements watchdog_hardlockup_enable()/disable() to support
/proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog

+ is always preferred over other generic watchdogs, see
CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR

+ includes asm/nmi.h into linux/nmi.h because some sparc-specific
functions are needed in sparc-specific code which includes
only linux/nmi.h.

The situation became more complicated after the commit 05a4a95279311c3
("kernel/watchdog: split up config options") and commit 2104180a53698df5
("powerpc/64s: implement arch-specific hardlockup watchdog") in v4.13-rc1.
They introduced HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH. It was used for powerpc
specific hardlockup detector. It was compatible with the perf one
regarding the general boot, sysctl, and programming interfaces.

HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH was defined as a superset of
HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG. It made some sense because all arch-specific
detectors had some common requirements, namely:

+ implemented arch_touch_nmi_watchdog()
+ included asm/nmi.h into linux/nmi.h
+ defined the default value for /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog

But it actually has made things pretty complicated when the generic
buddy hardlockup detector was added. Before the generic perf detector
was newer supported together with an arch-specific one. But the buddy
detector could work on any SMP system. It means that an architecture
could support both the arch-specific and buddy detector.

As a result, there are few tricky dependencies. For example,
CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR depends on:

((HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF || HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_BUDDY) && !HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG) || HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH

The problem is that the very special sparc implementation is defined as:

HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG && !HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH

Another problem is that the meaning of HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG is far from clear
without reading understanding the history.

Make the logic less tricky and more self-explanatory by making
HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG specific for the sparc64 implementation. And rename it to
HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_SPARC64.

Note that HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PREFER_BUDDY, HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF,
and HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_BUDDY may conflict only with
HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH. They depend on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
and it is not longer enabled when HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG is set.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230616150618.6073-5-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: move SMP barriers from common code to buddy code

It's been suggested that since the SMP barriers are only potentially
useful for the buddy hardlockup detector, not the perf hardlockup
detector, that the barriers belong in the buddy code. Let's move them and
add clearer comments about why they're needed.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230526184139.9.I5ab0a0eeb0bd52fb23f901d298c72fa5c396e22b@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/buddy: cleanup how watchdog_buddy_check_hardlockup() is called

In the patch ("watchdog/hardlockup: detect hard lockups using secondary
(buddy) CPUs"), we added a call from the common watchdog.c file into the
buddy. That call could be done more cleanly. Specifically:

1. If we move the call into watchdog_hardlockup_kick() then it keeps
watchdog_timer_fn() simpler.
2. We don't need to pass an "unsigned long" to the buddy for the timer
count. In the patch ("watchdog/hardlockup: add a "cpu" param to
watchdog_hardlockup_check()") the count was changed to "atomic_t"
which is backed by an int, so we should match types.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230526184139.6.I006c7d958a1ea5c4e1e4dc44a25596d9bb5fd3ba@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: in watchdog_hardlockup_check() use cpumask_copy()

In the patch ("watchdog/hardlockup: add a "cpu" param to
watchdog_hardlockup_check()") we started using a cpumask to keep track of
which CPUs to backtrace. When setting up this cpumask, it's better to use
cpumask_copy() than to just copy the structure directly. Fix this.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230526184139.4.Iccee2d1ea19114dafb6553a854ea4d8ab2a3f25b@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: don't use raw_cpu_ptr() in watchdog_hardlockup_kick()

In the patch ("watchdog/hardlockup: add a "cpu" param to
watchdog_hardlockup_check()") there was no reason to use raw_cpu_ptr().
Using this_cpu_ptr() works fine.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230526184139.3.I660e103077dcc23bb29aaf2be09cb234e0495b2d@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG must implement watchdog_hardlockup_probe()

Right now there is one arch (sparc64) that selects HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
without selecting HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH. Because of that one
architecture, we have some special case code in the watchdog core to
handle the fact that watchdog_hardlockup_probe() isn't implemented.

Let's implement watchdog_hardlockup_probe() for sparc64 and get rid of the
special case.

As a side effect of doing this, code inspection tells us that we could fix
a minor bug where the system won't properly realize that NMI watchdogs are
disabled. Specifically, on powerpc if CONFIG_PPC_WATCHDOG is turned off
the arch might still select CONFIG_HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH which
selects CONFIG_HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG. Since CONFIG_PPC_WATCHDOG was off then
nothing will override the "weak" watchdog_hardlockup_probe() and we'll
fallback to looking at CONFIG_HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230526184139.2.Ic6ebbf307ca0efe91f08ce2c1eb4a037ba6b0700@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: keep kernel.nmi_watchdog sysctl as 0444 if probe fails

Patch series "watchdog: Cleanup / fixes after buddy series v5 reviews".

This patch series attempts to finish resolving the feedback received
from Petr Mladek on the v5 series I posted.

Probably the only thing that wasn't fully as clean as Petr requested was
the Kconfig stuff. I couldn't find a better way to express it without a
more major overhaul. In the very least, I renamed "NON_ARCH" to
"PERF_OR_BUDDY" in the hopes that will make it marginally better.

Nothing in this series is terribly critical and even the bugfixes are
small. However, it does cleanup a few things that were pointed out in
review.


This patch (of 10):

The permissions for the kernel.nmi_watchdog sysctl have always been set at
compile time despite the fact that a watchdog can fail to probe. Let's
fix this and set the permissions based on whether the hardlockup detector
actually probed.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230527014153.2793931-1-dianders@chromium.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230526184139.1.I0d75971cc52a7283f495aac0bd5c3041aadc734e@changeid
Fixes: a994a3147e4c ("watchdog/hardlockup/perf: Implement init time detection of perf")
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reported-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ZHCn4hNxFpY5-9Ki@alley
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/perf: adapt the watchdog_perf interface for async model

When lockup_detector_init()->watchdog_hardlockup_probe(), PMU may be not
ready yet. E.g. on arm64, PMU is not ready until
device_initcall(armv8_pmu_driver_init). And it is deeply integrated with
the driver model and cpuhp. Hence it is hard to push this initialization
before smp_init().

But it is easy to take an opposite approach and try to initialize the
watchdog once again later. The delayed probe is called using workqueues.
It need to allocate memory and must be proceed in a normal context. The
delayed probe is able to use if watchdog_hardlockup_probe() returns
non-zero which means the return code returned when PMU is not ready yet.

Provide an API - lockup_detector_retry_init() for anyone who needs to
delayed init lockup detector if they had ever failed at
lockup_detector_init().

The original assumption is: nobody should use delayed probe after
lockup_detector_check() which has __init attribute. That is, anyone uses
this API must call between lockup_detector_init() and
lockup_detector_check(), and the caller must have __init attribute

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.16.If4ad5dd5d09fb1309cebf8bcead4b6a5a7758ca7@changeid
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Co-developed-by: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: detect hard lockups using secondary (buddy) CPUs

Implement a hardlockup detector that doesn't doesn't need any extra
arch-specific support code to detect lockups. Instead of using something
arch-specific we will use the buddy system, where each CPU watches out for
another one. Specifically, each CPU will use its softlockup hrtimer to
check that the next CPU is processing hrtimer interrupts by verifying that
a counter is increasing.

NOTE: unlike the other hard lockup detectors, the buddy one can't easily
show what's happening on the CPU that locked up just by doing a simple
backtrace. It relies on some other mechanism in the system to get
information about the locked up CPUs. This could be support for NMI
backtraces like [1], it could be a mechanism for printing the PC of locked
CPUs at panic time like [2] / [3], or it could be something else. Even
though that means we still rely on arch-specific code, this arch-specific
code seems to often be implemented even on architectures that don't have a
hardlockup detector.

This style of hardlockup detector originated in some downstream Android
trees and has been rebased on / carried in ChromeOS trees for quite a long
time for use on arm and arm64 boards. Historically on these boards we've
leveraged mechanism [2] / [3] to get information about hung CPUs, but we
could move to [1].

Although the original motivation for the buddy system was for use on
systems without an arch-specific hardlockup detector, it can still be
useful to use even on systems that _do_ have an arch-specific hardlockup
detector. On x86, for instance, there is a 24-part patch series [4] in
progress switching the arch-specific hard lockup detector from a scarce
perf counter to a less-scarce hardware resource. Potentially the buddy
system could be a simpler alternative to free up the perf counter but
still get hard lockup detection.

Overall, pros (+) and cons (-) of the buddy system compared to an
arch-specific hardlockup detector (which might be implemented using
perf):
+ The buddy system is usable on systems that don't have an
arch-specific hardlockup detector, like arm32 and arm64 (though it's
being worked on for arm64 [5]).
+ The buddy system may free up scarce hardware resources.
+ If a CPU totally goes out to lunch (can't process NMIs) the buddy
system could still detect the problem (though it would be unlikely
to be able to get a stack trace).
+ The buddy system uses the same timer function to pet the hardlockup
detector on the running CPU as it uses to detect hardlockups on
other CPUs. Compared to other hardlockup detectors, this means it
generates fewer interrupts and thus is likely better able to let
CPUs stay idle longer.
- If all CPUs are hard locked up at the same time the buddy system
can't detect it.
- If we don't have SMP we can't use the buddy system.
- The buddy system needs an arch-specific mechanism (possibly NMI
backtrace) to get info about the locked up CPU.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230419225604.21204-1-dianders@chromium.org
[2] https://issuetracker.google.com/172213129
[3] https://docs.kernel.org/trace/coresight/coresight-cpu-debug.html
[4] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230301234753.28582-1-ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com/
[5] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-arm-kernel/20220903093415.15850-1-lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.14.I6bf789d21d0c3d75d382e7e51a804a7a51315f2c@changeid
Signed-off-by: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: have the perf hardlockup use __weak functions more cleanly

The fact that there watchdog_hardlockup_enable(),
watchdog_hardlockup_disable(), and watchdog_hardlockup_probe() are
declared __weak means that the configured hardlockup detector can define
non-weak versions of those functions if it needs to. Instead of doing
this, the perf hardlockup detector hooked itself into the default __weak
implementation, which was a bit awkward. Clean this up.

From comments, it looks as if the original design was done because the
__weak function were expected to implemented by the architecture and not
by the configured hardlockup detector. This got awkward when we tried to
add the buddy lockup detector which was not arch-specific but wanted to
hook into those same functions.

This is not expected to have any functional impact.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.13.I847d9ec852449350997ba00401d2462a9cb4302b@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: rename some "NMI watchdog" constants/function

Do a search and replace of:
- NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED => WATCHDOG_HARDLOCKUP_ENABLED
- SOFT_WATCHDOG_ENABLED => WATCHDOG_SOFTOCKUP_ENABLED
- watchdog_nmi_ => watchdog_hardlockup_
- nmi_watchdog_available => watchdog_hardlockup_available
- nmi_watchdog_user_enabled => watchdog_hardlockup_user_enabled
- soft_watchdog_user_enabled => watchdog_softlockup_user_enabled
- NMI_WATCHDOG_DEFAULT => WATCHDOG_HARDLOCKUP_DEFAULT

Then update a few comments near where names were changed.

This is specifically to make it less confusing when we want to introduce
the buddy hardlockup detector, which isn't using NMIs. As part of this,
we sanitized a few names for consistency.

[trix@redhat.com: make variables static]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230525162822.1.I0fb41d138d158c9230573eaa37dc56afa2fb14ee@changeid
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.12.I91f7277bab4bf8c0cb238732ed92e7ce7bbd71a6@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Rix <trix@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: move perf hardlockup watchdog petting to watchdog.c

In preparation for the buddy hardlockup detector, which wants the same
petting logic as the current perf hardlockup detector, move the code to
watchdog.c. While doing this, rename the global variable to match others
nearby. As part of this change we have to change the code to account for
the fact that the CPU we're running on might be different than the one
we're checking.

Currently the code in watchdog.c is guarded by
CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF, which makes this change seem silly.
However, a future patch will change this.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.11.I00dfd6386ee00da25bf26d140559a41339b53e57@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: add a "cpu" param to watchdog_hardlockup_check()

In preparation for the buddy hardlockup detector where the CPU checking
for lockup might not be the currently running CPU, add a "cpu" parameter
to watchdog_hardlockup_check().

As part of this change, make hrtimer_interrupts an atomic_t since now the
CPU incrementing the value and the CPU reading the value might be
different. Technially this could also be done with just READ_ONCE and
WRITE_ONCE, but atomic_t feels a little cleaner in this case.

While hrtimer_interrupts is made atomic_t, we change
hrtimer_interrupts_saved from "unsigned long" to "int". The "int" is
needed to match the data type backing atomic_t for hrtimer_interrupts.
Even if this changes us from 64-bits to 32-bits (which I don't think is
true for most compilers), it doesn't really matter. All we ever do is
increment it every few seconds and compare it to an old value so 32-bits
is fine (even 16-bits would be). The "signed" vs "unsigned" also doesn't
matter for simple equality comparisons.

hrtimer_interrupts_saved is _not_ switched to atomic_t nor even accessed
with READ_ONCE / WRITE_ONCE. The hrtimer_interrupts_saved is always
consistently accessed with the same CPU. NOTE: with the upcoming "buddy"
detector there is one special case. When a CPU goes offline/online then
we can change which CPU is the one to consistently access a given instance
of hrtimer_interrupts_saved. We still can't end up with a partially
updated hrtimer_interrupts_saved, however, because we end up petting all
affected CPUs to make sure the new and old CPU can't end up somehow
read/write hrtimer_interrupts_saved at the same time.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.10.I3a7d4dd8c23ac30ee0b607d77feb6646b64825c0@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: style changes to watchdog_hardlockup_check() / is_hardlockup()

These are tiny style changes:
- Add a blank line before a "return".
- Renames two globals to use the "watchdog_hardlockup" prefix.
- Store processor id in "unsigned int" rather than "int".
- Minor comment rewording.
- Use "else" rather than extra returns since it seemed more symmetric.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.9.I818492c326b632560b09f20d2608455ecf9d3650@changeid
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: move perf hardlockup checking/panic to common watchdog.c

The perf hardlockup detector works by looking at interrupt counts and
seeing if they change from run to run. The interrupt counts are managed
by the common watchdog code via its watchdog_timer_fn().

Currently the API between the perf detector and the common code is a
function: is_hardlockup(). When the hard lockup detector sees that
function return true then it handles printing out debug info and inducing
a panic if necessary.

Let's change the API a little bit in preparation for the buddy hardlockup
detector. The buddy hardlockup detector wants to print nearly the same
debug info and have nearly the same panic behavior. That means we want to
move all that code to the common file. For now, the code in the common
file will only be there if the perf hardlockup detector is enabled, but
eventually it will be selected by a common config.

Right now, this _just_ moves the code from the perf detector file to the
common file and changes the names. It doesn't make the changes that the
buddy hardlockup detector will need and doesn't do any style cleanups. A
future patch will do cleanup to make it more obvious what changed.

With the above, we no longer have any callers of is_hardlockup() outside
of the "watchdog.c" file, so we can remove it from the header, make it
static, and move it to the same "#ifdef" block as our new
watchdog_hardlockup_check(). While doing this, it can be noted that even
if no hardlockup detectors were configured the existing code used to still
have the code for counting/checking "hrtimer_interrupts" even if the perf
hardlockup detector wasn't configured. We didn't need to do that, so move
all the "hrtimer_interrupts" counting to only be there if the perf
hardlockup detector is configured as well.

This change is expected to be a no-op.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.8.Id4133d3183e798122dc3b6205e7852601f289071@changeid
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/hardlockup: change watchdog_nmi_enable() to void

Nobody cares about the return value of watchdog_nmi_enable(), changing its
prototype to void.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.4.Ic3a19b592eb1ac4c6f6eade44ffd943e8637b6e5@changeid
Signed-off-by: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: remove WATCHDOG_DEFAULT

No reference to WATCHDOG_DEFAULT, remove it.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230519101840.v5.3.I6a729209a1320e0ad212176e250ff945b8f91b2a@changeid
Signed-off-by: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Lecopzer Chen <lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <groeck@chromium.org>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Masayoshi Mizuma <msys.mizuma@gmail.com>
Cc: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Ravi V. Shankar" <ravi.v.shankar@intel.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri@intel.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <swboyd@chromium.org>
Cc: Sumit Garg <sumit.garg@linaro.org>
Cc: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@chromium.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: export lockup_detector_reconfigure

In some circumstances it may be interesting to reconfigure the watchdog
from inside the kernel.

On PowerPC, this may helpful before and after a LPAR migration (LPM) is
initiated, because it implies some latencies, watchdog, and especially NMI
watchdog is expected to be triggered during this operation. Reconfiguring
the watchdog with a factor, would prevent it to happen too frequently
during LPM.

Rename lockup_detector_reconfigure() as __lockup_detector_reconfigure() and
create a new function lockup_detector_reconfigure() calling
__lockup_detector_reconfigure() under the protection of watchdog_mutex.

Signed-off-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.ibm.com>
[mpe: Squash in build fix from Laurent, reported by Sachin]
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220713154729.80789-3-ldufour@linux.ibm.com

Revert "printk: add functions to prefer direct printing"

This reverts commit 2bb2b7b57f81255c13f4395ea911d6bdc70c9fe2.

The testing of 5.19 release candidates revealed missing synchronization
between early and regular console functionality.

It would be possible to start the console kthreads later as a workaround.
But it is clear that console lock serialized console drivers between
each other. It opens a big area of possible problems that were not
considered by people involved in the development and review.

printk() is crucial for debugging kernel issues and console output is
very important part of it. The number of consoles is huge and a proper
review would take some time. As a result it need to be reverted for 5.19.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/YrBdjVwBOVgLfHyb@alley
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220623145157.21938-7-pmladek@suse.com

lib/Kconfig.debug: remove more CONFIG_..._VALUE indirections

As in "kernel/panic.c: remove CONFIG_PANIC_ON_OOPS_VALUE indirection",
use the IS_ENABLED() helper rather than having a hidden config option.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220321121301.1389693-1-linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

printk: add functions to prefer direct printing

Once kthread printing is available, console printing will no longer
occur in the context of the printk caller. However, there are some
special contexts where it is desirable for the printk caller to
directly print out kernel messages. Using pr_flush() to wait for
threaded printers is only possible if the caller is in a sleepable
context and the kthreads are active. That is not always the case.

Introduce printk_prefer_direct_enter() and printk_prefer_direct_exit()
functions to explicitly (and globally) activate/deactivate preferred
direct console printing. The term "direct console printing" refers to
printing to all enabled consoles from the context of the printk
caller. The term "prefer" is used because this type of printing is
only best effort. If the console is currently locked or other
printers are already actively printing, the printk caller will need
to rely on the other contexts to handle the printing.

This preferred direct printing is how all printing has been handled
until now (unless it was explicitly deferred).

When kthread printing is introduced, there may be some unanticipated
problems due to kthreads being unable to flush important messages.
In order to minimize such risks, preferred direct printing is
activated for the primary important messages when the system
experiences general types of major errors. These are:

- emergency reboot/shutdown
- cpu and rcu stalls
- hard and soft lockups
- hung tasks
- warn
- sysrq

Note that since kthread printing does not yet exist, no behavior
changes result from this commit. This is only implementing the
counter and marking the various places where preferred direct
printing is active.

Signed-off-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> # for RCU
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220421212250.565456-13-john.ogness@linutronix.de

sched/isolation: Use single feature type while referring to housekeeping cpumask

Refer to housekeeping APIs using single feature types instead of flags.
This prevents from passing multiple isolation features at once to
housekeeping interfaces, which soon won't be possible anymore as each
isolation features will have their own cpumask.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220207155910.527133-5-frederic@kernel.org

watchdog: move watchdog sysctl interface to watchdog.c

The kernel/sysctl.c is a kitchen sink where everyone leaves their dirty
dishes, this makes it very difficult to maintain.

To help with this maintenance let's start by moving sysctls to places
where they actually belong. The proc sysctl maintainers do not want to
know what sysctl knobs you wish to add for your own piece of code, we
just care about the core logic of proc sysctl.

So, move the watchdog syscl interface to watchdog.c. Use
register_sysctl() to register the sysctl interface to avoid merge
conflicts when different features modify sysctl.c at the same time.

[mcgrof@kernel.org: justify the move on the commit log]

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211123202347.818157-5-mcgrof@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Xiaoming Ni <nixiaoming@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@google.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Qing Wang <wangqing@vivo.com>
Cc: Sebastian Reichel <sre@kernel.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Cc: Stephen Kitt <steve@sk2.org>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Antti Palosaari <crope@iki.fi>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <joonas.lahtinen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@inria.fr>
Cc: Lukas Middendorf <kernel@tuxforce.de>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>
Cc: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <rodrigo.vivi@intel.com>
Cc: Douglas Gilbert <dgilbert@interlog.com>
Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <jejb@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Cc: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Cc: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel: watchdog: modify the explanation related to watchdog thread

The watchdog thread has been replaced by cpu_stop_work, modify the
explanation related.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1619687073-24686-2-git-send-email-wangqing@vivo.com
Signed-off-by: Wang Qing <wangqing@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Stephen Kitt <steve@sk2.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: "Guilherme G. Piccoli" <gpiccoli@canonical.com>
Cc: Qais Yousef <qais.yousef@arm.com>
Cc: Santosh Sivaraj <santosh@fossix.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: reliable handling of timestamps

Commit 9bf3bc949f8a ("watchdog: cleanup handling of false positives")
tried to handle a virtual host stopped by the host a more
straightforward and cleaner way.

But it introduced a risk of false softlockup reports. The virtual host
might be stopped at any time, for example between
kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused() and is_softlockup(). As a result,
is_softlockup() might read the updated jiffies and detects a softlockup.

A solution might be to put back kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused() after
is_softlockup() and detect it. But it would put back the cycle that
complicates the logic.

In fact, the handling of all the timestamps is not reliable. The code
does not guarantee when and how many times the timestamps are read. For
example, "period_ts" might be touched anytime also from NMI and re-read in
is_softlockup(). It works just by chance.

Fix all the problems by making the code even more explicit.

1. Make sure that "now" and "period_ts" timestamps are read only once.
They might be changed at anytime by NMI or when the virtual guest is
stopped by the host. Note that "now" timestamp does this implicitly
because "jiffies" is marked volatile.

2. "now" time must be read first. The state of "period_ts" will
decide whether it will be used or the period will get restarted.

3. kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused() must be called before reading
"period_ts". It touches the variable when the guest was stopped.

As a result, "now" timestamp is used only when the watchdog was not
touched and the guest not stopped in the meantime. "period_ts" is
restarted in all other situations.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YKT55gw+RZfyoFf7@alley
Fixes: 9bf3bc949f8aeefeacea4b ("watchdog: cleanup handling of false positives")
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reported-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: cleanup handling of false positives

Commit d6ad3e286d2c ("softlockup: Add sched_clock_tick() to avoid kernel
warning on kgdb resume") introduced touch_softlockup_watchdog_sync().

It solved a problem when the watchdog was touched in an atomic context,
the timer callback was proceed right after releasing interrupts, and the
local clock has not been updated yet. In this case, sched_clock_tick()
was called in watchdog_timer_fn() before updating the timer.

So far so good.

Later commit 5d1c0f4a80a6 ("watchdog: add check for suspended vm in
softlockup detector") added two kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused()
calls. They touch the watchdog when the guest has been sleeping.

The code makes my head spin around.

Scenario 1:

+ guest did sleep:
+ PVCLOCK_GUEST_STOPPED is set

+ 1st watchdog_timer_fn() invocation:
+ the watchdog is not touched yet
+ is_softlockup() returns too big delay
+ kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused():
+ clear PVCLOCK_GUEST_STOPPED
+ call touch_softlockup_watchdog_sync()
+ set SOFTLOCKUP_DELAY_REPORT
+ set softlockup_touch_sync
+ return from the timer callback

+ 2nd watchdog_timer_fn() invocation:

+ call sched_clock_tick() even though it is not needed.
The timer callback was invoked again only because the clock
has already been updated in the meantime.

+ call kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused() that does nothing
because PVCLOCK_GUEST_STOPPED has been cleared already.

+ call update_report_ts() and return. This is fine. Except
that sched_clock_tick() might allow to set it already
during the 1st invocation.

Scenario 2:

+ guest did sleep

+ 1st watchdog_timer_fn() invocation
+ same as in 1st scenario

+ guest did sleep again:
+ set PVCLOCK_GUEST_STOPPED again

+ 2nd watchdog_timer_fn() invocation
+ SOFTLOCKUP_DELAY_REPORT is set from 1st invocation
+ call sched_clock_tick()
+ call kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused()
+ clear PVCLOCK_GUEST_STOPPED
+ call touch_softlockup_watchdog_sync()
+ set SOFTLOCKUP_DELAY_REPORT
+ set softlockup_touch_sync
+ call update_report_ts() (set real timestamp immediately)
+ return from the timer callback

+ 3rd watchdog_timer_fn() invocation
+ timestamp is set from 2nd invocation
+ softlockup_touch_sync is set but not checked because
the real timestamp is already set

Make the code more straightforward:

1. Always call kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused() at the very
beginning to handle PVCLOCK_GUEST_STOPPED. It touches the watchdog
when the quest did sleep.

2. Handle the situation when the watchdog has been touched
(SOFTLOCKUP_DELAY_REPORT is set).

Call sched_clock_tick() when touch_*sync() variant was used. It makes
sure that the timestamp will be up to date even when it has been
touched in atomic context or quest did sleep.

As a result, kvm_check_and_clear_guest_paused() is called on a single
location. And the right timestamp is always set when returning from the
timer callback.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-7-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: fix barriers when printing backtraces from all CPUs

Any parallel softlockup reports are skipped when one CPU is already
printing backtraces from all CPUs.

The exclusive rights are synchronized using one bit in
soft_lockup_nmi_warn. There is also one memory barrier that does not make
much sense.

Use two barriers on the right location to prevent mixing two reports.

[pmladek@suse.com: use bit lock operations to prevent multiple soft-lockup reports]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YFSVsLGVWMXTvlbk@alley

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-6-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/softlockup: remove logic that tried to prevent repeated reports

The softlockup detector does some gymnastic with the variable
soft_watchdog_warn. It was added by the commit 58687acba59266735ad
("lockup_detector: Combine nmi_watchdog and softlockup detector").

The purpose is not completely clear. There are the following clues. They
describe the situation how it looked after the above mentioned commit:

1. The variable was checked with a comment "only warn once".

2. The variable was set when softlockup was reported. It was cleared
only when the CPU was not longer in the softlockup state.

3. watchdog_touch_ts was not explicitly updated when the softlockup
was reported. Without this variable, the report would normally
be printed again during every following watchdog_timer_fn()
invocation.

The logic has got even more tangled up by the commit ed235875e2ca98
("kernel/watchdog.c: print traces for all cpus on lockup detection").
After this commit, soft_watchdog_warn is set only when
softlockup_all_cpu_backtrace is enabled. But multiple reports from all
CPUs are prevented by a new variable soft_lockup_nmi_warn.

Conclusion:

The variable probably never worked as intended. In each case, it has not
worked last many years because the softlockup was reported repeatedly
after the full period defined by watchdog_thresh.

The reason is that watchdog gets touched in many known slow paths, for
example, in printk_stack_address(). This code is called also when
printing the softlockup report. It means that the watchdog timestamp gets
updated after each report.

Solution:

Simply remove the logic. People want the periodic report anyway.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-5-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog/softlockup: report the overall time of softlockups

The softlockup detector currently shows the time spent since the last
report. As a result it is not clear whether a CPU is infinitely hogged by
a single task or if it is a repeated event.

The situation can be simulated with a simply busy loop:

while (true)
cpu_relax();

The softlockup detector produces:

[ 168.277520] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#1 stuck for 22s! [cat:4865]
[ 196.277604] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#1 stuck for 22s! [cat:4865]
[ 236.277522] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#1 stuck for 23s! [cat:4865]

But it should be, something like:

[ 480.372418] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 26s! [cat:4943]
[ 508.372359] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 52s! [cat:4943]
[ 548.372359] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 89s! [cat:4943]
[ 576.372351] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#2 stuck for 115s! [cat:4943]

For the better output, add an additional timestamp of the last report.
Only this timestamp is reset when the watchdog is intentionally touched
from slow code paths or when printing the report.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-4-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: explicitly update timestamp when reporting softlockup

The softlockup situation might stay for a long time or even forever. When
it happens, the softlockup debug messages are printed in regular intervals
defined by get_softlockup_thresh().

There is a mystery. The repeated message is printed after the full
interval that is defined by get_softlockup_thresh(). But the timer
callback is called more often as defined by sample_period. The code looks
like the soflockup should get reported in every sample_period when it was
once behind the thresh.

It works only by chance. The watchdog is touched when printing the stall
report, for example, in printk_stack_address().

Make the behavior clear and predictable by explicitly updating the
timestamp in watchdog_timer_fn() when the report gets printed.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-3-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: rename __touch_watchdog() to a better descriptive name

Patch series "watchdog/softlockup: Report overall time and some cleanup", v2.

I dug deep into the softlockup watchdog history when time permitted this
year. And reworked the patchset that fixed timestamps and cleaned up the
code[2].

I split it into very small steps and did even more code clean up. The
result looks quite strightforward and I am pretty confident with the
changes.

[1] v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201210160038.31441-1-pmladek@suse.com
[2] v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191024114928.15377-1-pmladek@suse.com

This patch (of 6):

There are many touch_*watchdog() functions. They are called in situations
where the watchdog could report false positives or create unnecessary
noise. For example, when CPU is entering idle mode, a virtual machine is
stopped, or a lot of messages are printed in the atomic context.

These functions set SOFTLOCKUP_RESET instead of a real timestamp. It
allows to call them even in a context where jiffies might be outdated.
For example, in an atomic context.

The real timestamp is set by __touch_watchdog() that is called from the
watchdog timer callback.

Rename this callback to update_touch_ts(). It better describes the effect
and clearly distinguish is from the other touch_*watchdog() functions.

Another motivation is that two timestamps are going to be used. One will
be used for the total softlockup time. The other will be used to measure
time since the last report. The new function name will help to
distinguish which timestamp is being updated.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-1-pmladek@suse.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210311122130.6788-2-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

workqueue/watchdog: Make unbound workqueues aware of touch_softlockup_watchdog()
84;0;0c84;0;0c
There are two workqueue-specific watchdog timestamps:

+ @wq_watchdog_touched_cpu (per-CPU) updated by
touch_softlockup_watchdog()

+ @wq_watchdog_touched (global) updated by
touch_all_softlockup_watchdogs()

watchdog_timer_fn() checks only the global @wq_watchdog_touched for
unbound workqueues. As a result, unbound workqueues are not aware
of touch_softlockup_watchdog(). The watchdog might report a stall
even when the unbound workqueues are blocked by a known slow code.

Solution:
touch_softlockup_watchdog() must touch also the global @wq_watchdog_touched
timestamp.

The global timestamp can no longer be used for bound workqueues because
it is now updated from all CPUs. Instead, bound workqueues have to check
only @wq_watchdog_touched_cpu and these timestamps have to be updated for
all CPUs in touch_all_softlockup_watchdogs().

Beware:
The change might cause the opposite problem. An unbound workqueue
might get blocked on CPU A because of a real softlockup. The workqueue
watchdog would miss it when the timestamp got touched on CPU B.

It is acceptable because softlockups are detected by softlockup
watchdog. The workqueue watchdog is there to detect stalls where
a work never finishes, for example, because of dependencies of works
queued into the same workqueue.

V3:
- Modify the commit message clearly according to Petr's suggestion.

Signed-off-by: Wang Qing <wangqing@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

kernel/watchdog: fix watchdog_allowed_mask not used warning

Define watchdog_allowed_mask only when SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR is enabled.

Fixes: 7feeb9cd4f5b ("watchdog/sysctl: Clean up sysctl variable name space")
Signed-off-by: Santosh Sivaraj <santosh@fossix.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201106015025.1281561-1-santosh@fossix.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: convert {soft/hard}lockup boot parameters to sysctl aliases

After a recent change introduced by Vlastimil's series [0], kernel is
able now to handle sysctl parameters on kernel command line; also, the
series introduced a simple infrastructure to convert legacy boot
parameters (that duplicate sysctls) into sysctl aliases.

This patch converts the watchdog parameters softlockup_panic and
{hard,soft}lockup_all_cpu_backtrace to use the new alias infrastructure.
It fixes the documentation too, since the alias only accepts values 0 or
1, not the full range of integers.

We also took the opportunity here to improve the documentation of the
previously converted hung_task_panic (see the patch series [0]) and put
the alias table in alphabetical order.

[0] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200427180433.7029-1-vbabka@suse.cz

Signed-off-by: Guilherme G. Piccoli <gpiccoli@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Iurii Zaikin <yzaikin@google.com>
Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200507214624.21911-1-gpiccoli@canonical.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sysctl: pass kernel pointers to ->proc_handler

Instead of having all the sysctl handlers deal with user pointers, which
is rather hairy in terms of the BPF interaction, copy the input to and
from userspace in common code. This also means that the strings are
always NUL-terminated by the common code, making the API a little bit
safer.

As most handler just pass through the data to one of the common handlers
a lot of the changes are mechnical.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Andrey Ignatov <rdna@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

watchdog/softlockup: Enforce that timestamp is valid on boot

Robert reported that during boot the watchdog timestamp is set to 0 for one
second which is the indicator for a watchdog reset.

The reason for this is that the timestamp is in seconds and the time is
taken from sched clock and divided by ~1e9. sched clock starts at 0 which
means that for the first second during boot the watchdog timestamp is 0,
i.e. reset.

Use ULONG_MAX as the reset indicator value so the watchdog works correctly
right from the start. ULONG_MAX would only conflict with a real timestamp
if the system reaches an uptime of 136 years on 32bit and almost eternity
on 64bit.

Reported-by: Robert Richter <rrichter@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/87o8v3uuzl.fsf@nanos.tec.linutronix.de

watchdog: Remove soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt and related code

After commit 9cf57731b63e ("watchdog/softlockup: Replace "watchdog/%u"
threads with cpu_stop_work"), the percpu soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt is
not used any more, so remove it and related code.

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <Jisheng.Zhang@synaptics.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191218131720.4146aea2@xhacker.debian

watchdog/softlockup: Remove obsolete check of last reported task

commit 9cf57731b63e ("watchdog/softlockup: Replace "watchdog/%u" threads
with cpu_stop_work") ensures that the watchdog is reliably touched during
a task switch.

As a result the check for an unnoticed task switch is not longer needed.

Remove the relevant code, which effectively reverts commit b1a8de1f5343
("softlockup: make detector be aware of task switch of processes hogging
cpu")

Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Ziljstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191024114928.15377-2-pmladek@suse.com

watchdog: Remove soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt and related code

After commit 9cf57731b63e ("watchdog/softlockup: Replace "watchdog/%u"
threads with cpu_stop_work"), the percpu soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt is
not used any more, so remove it and related code.

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <Jisheng.Zhang@synaptics.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191218131720.4146aea2@xhacker.debian

watchdog: Mark watchdog_hrtimer to expire in hard interrupt context

The watchdog hrtimer must expire in hard interrupt context even on
PREEMPT_RT=y kernels as otherwise the hard/softlockup detection logic would
not work.

No functional change.

[ tglx: Split out from larger combo patch. Added changelog ]

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190726185753.262895510@linutronix.de

watchdog: Fix typo in comment

Signed-off-by: Arash Fotouhi <arash@arashfotouhi.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: loberman@redhat.com
Cc: vincent.whitchurch@axis.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1553308112-3513-1-git-send-email-arash@arashfotouhi.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: Respect watchdog cpumask on CPU hotplug

The rework of the watchdog core to use cpu_stop_work broke the watchdog
cpumask on CPU hotplug.

The watchdog_enable/disable() functions are now called unconditionally from
the hotplug callback, i.e. even on CPUs which are not in the watchdog
cpumask. As a consequence the watchdog can become unstoppable.

Only invoke them when the plugged CPU is in the watchdog cpumask.

Fixes: 9cf57731b63e ("watchdog/softlockup: Replace "watchdog/%u" threads with cpu_stop_work")
Reported-by: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Maxime Coquelin <maxime.coquelin@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1903262245490.1789@nanos.tec.linutronix.de

watchdog/core: Make variables static

sparse complains:
CHECK kernel/watchdog.c
kernel/watchdog.c:45:19: warning: symbol 'nmi_watchdog_available'
was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/watchdog.c:47:16: warning: symbol 'watchdog_allowed_mask'
was not declared. Should it be static?

They're not referenced by name from anyplace else, make them static.

Signed-off-by: Valdis Kletnieks <valdis.kletnieks@vt.edu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/7855.1552383228@turing-police

watchdog/core: Add watchdog_thresh command line parameter

The hard and soft lockup detector threshold has a default value of 10
seconds which can only be changed via sysctl.

During early boot lockup detection can trigger when noisy debugging emits
a large amount of messages to the console, but there is no way to set a
larger threshold on the kernel command line. The detector can only be
completely disabled.

Add a new watchdog_thresh= command line parameter to allow boot time
control over the threshold. It works in the same way as the sysctl and
affects both the soft and the hard lockup detectors.

Signed-off-by: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: rdunlap@infradead.org
Cc: prarit@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1541079018-13953-1-git-send-email-loberman@redhat.com

watchdog: Mark watchdog touch functions as notrace

Some architectures need to use stop_machine() to patch functions for
ftrace, and the assumption is that the stopped CPUs do not make function
calls to traceable functions when they are in the stopped state.

Commit ce4f06dcbb5d ("stop_machine: Touch_nmi_watchdog() after
MULTI_STOP_PREPARE") added calls to the watchdog touch functions from
the stopped CPUs and those functions lack notrace annotations. This
leads to crashes when enabling/disabling ftrace on ARM kernels built
with the Thumb-2 instruction set.

Fix it by adding the necessary notrace annotations.

Fixes: ce4f06dcbb5d ("stop_machine: Touch_nmi_watchdog() after MULTI_STOP_PREPARE")
Signed-off-by: Vincent Whitchurch <vincent.whitchurch@axis.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: oleg@redhat.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180821152507.18313-1-vincent.whitchurch@axis.com

watchdog/softlockup: Fix cpu_stop_queue_work() double-queue bug

When scheduling is delayed for longer than the softlockup interrupt
period it is possible to double-queue the cpu_stop_work, causing list
corruption.

Cure this by adding a completion to track the cpu_stop_work's
progress.

Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Tested-by: Rong Chen <rong.a.chen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Fixes: 9cf57731b63e ("watchdog/softlockup: Replace "watchdog/%u" threads with cpu_stop_work")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180713104208.GW2494@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/softlockup: Replace "watchdog/%u" threads with cpu_stop_work

Oleg suggested to replace the "watchdog/%u" threads with
cpu_stop_work. That removes one thread per CPU while at the same time
fixes softlockup vs SCHED_DEADLINE.

But more importantly, it does away with the single
smpboot_update_cpumask_percpu_thread() user, which allows
cleanups/shrinkage of the smpboot interface.

Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

sched/isolation: Introduce housekeeping flags

Before we implement isolcpus under housekeeping, we need the isolation
features to be more finegrained. For example some people want NOHZ_FULL
without the full scheduler isolation, others want full scheduler
isolation without NOHZ_FULL.

So let's cut all these isolation features piecewise, at the risk of
overcutting it right now. We can still merge some flags later if they
always make sense together.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <kernellwp@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509072159-31808-9-git-send-email-frederic@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

sched/isolation, watchdog: Use housekeeping_cpumask() instead of ad-hoc version

While trying to disable the watchog on nohz_full CPUs, the watchdog
implements an ad-hoc version of housekeeping_cpumask(). Lets replace
those re-invented lines.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <kernellwp@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509072159-31808-3-git-send-email-frederic@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

sched/isolation: Move housekeeping related code to its own file

The housekeeping code is currently tied to the NOHZ code. As we are
planning to make housekeeping independent from it, start with moving
the relevant code to its own file.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <kernellwp@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509072159-31808-2-git-send-email-frederic@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Put softlockup_threads_initialized under ifdef guard

The variable is unused when the softlockup detector is disabled in Kconfig.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

watchdog/core: Rename some softlockup_* functions

The function names made sense up to the point where the watchdog
(re)configuration was unified to use softlockup_reconfigure_threads() for
all configuration purposes. But that includes scenarios which solely
configure the nmi watchdog.

Rename softlockup_reconfigure_threads() and softlockup_init_threads() so
the function names match the functionality.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>

powerpc/watchdog: Make use of watchdog_nmi_probe()

The rework of the core hotplug code triggers the WARN_ON in start_wd_cpu()
on powerpc because it is called multiple times for the boot CPU.

The first call is via:

start_wd_on_cpu+0x80/0x2f0
watchdog_nmi_reconfigure+0x124/0x170
softlockup_reconfigure_threads+0x110/0x130
lockup_detector_init+0xbc/0xe0
kernel_init_freeable+0x18c/0x37c
kernel_init+0x2c/0x160
ret_from_kernel_thread+0x5c/0xbc

And then again via the CPU hotplug registration:

start_wd_on_cpu+0x80/0x2f0
cpuhp_invoke_callback+0x194/0x620
cpuhp_thread_fun+0x7c/0x1b0
smpboot_thread_fn+0x290/0x2a0
kthread+0x168/0x1b0
ret_from_kernel_thread+0x5c/0xbc

This can be avoided by setting up the cpu hotplug state with nocalls and
move the initialization to the watchdog_nmi_probe() function. That
initializes the hotplug callbacks without invoking the callback and the
following core initialization function then configures the watchdog for the
online CPUs (in this case CPU0) via softlockup_reconfigure_threads().

Reported-and-tested-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org

watchdog/core, powerpc: Lock cpus across reconfiguration

Instead of dropping the cpu hotplug lock after stopping NMI watchdog and
threads and reaquiring for restart, the code and the protection rules
become more obvious when holding cpu hotplug lock across the full
reconfiguration.

Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1710022105570.2114@nanos

watchdog/core, powerpc: Replace watchdog_nmi_reconfigure()

The recent cleanup of the watchdog code split watchdog_nmi_reconfigure()
into two stages. One to stop the NMI and one to restart it after
reconfiguration. That was done by adding a boolean 'run' argument to the
code, which is functionally correct but not necessarily a piece of art.

Replace it by two explicit functions: watchdog_nmi_stop() and
watchdog_nmi_start().

Fixes: 6592ad2fcc8f ("watchdog/core, powerpc: Make watchdog_nmi_reconfigure() two stage")
Requested-by: Linus 'Nursing his pet-peeve' Torvalds <torvalds@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas 'Mopping up garbage' Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1710021957480.2114@nanos

watchdog/hardlockup: Clean up hotplug locking mess

All watchdog thread related functions are delegated to the smpboot thread
infrastructure, which handles serialization against CPU hotplug correctly.

The sysctl interface is completely decoupled from anything which requires
CPU hotplug protection.

No need to protect the sysctl writes against cpu hotplug anymore. Remove it
and add the now required protection to the powerpc arch_nmi_watchdog
implementation.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194148.418497420@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/hardlockup/perf: Use new perf CPU enable mechanism

Get rid of the hodgepodge which tries to be smart about perf being
unavailable and error printout rate limiting.

That's all not required simply because this is never invoked when the perf
NMI watchdog is not functional.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194148.259651788@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/hardlockup/perf: Implement init time detection of perf

Use the init time detection of the perf NMI watchdog to determine whether
the perf NMI watchdog is functional. If not disable it permanentely. It
won't come back magically at runtime.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194148.099799541@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Get rid of the racy update loop

Letting user space poke directly at variables which are used at run time is
stupid and causes a lot of race conditions and other issues.

Seperate the user variables and on change invoke the reconfiguration, which
then stops the watchdogs, reevaluates the new user value and restarts the
watchdogs with the new parameters.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.939985640@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core, powerpc: Make watchdog_nmi_reconfigure() two stage

Both the perf reconfiguration and the powerpc watchdog_nmi_reconfigure()
need to be done in two steps.

1) Stop all NMIs
2) Read the new parameters and start NMIs

Right now watchdog_nmi_reconfigure() is a combination of both. To allow a
clean reconfiguration add a 'run' argument and split the functionality in
powerpc.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.862865570@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/sysctl: Clean up sysctl variable name space

Reflect that these variables are user interface related and remove the
whitespace damage in the sysctl table while at it.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.783210221@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Further simplify sysctl handling

Use a single function to update sysctl changes. This is not a high
frequency user space interface and it's root only.

Preparatory patch to cleanup the sysctl variable handling.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.549114957@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Get rid of the thread teardown/setup dance

The lockup detector reconfiguration tears down all watchdog threads when
the watchdog is disabled and sets them up again when its enabled.

That's a pointless exercise. The watchdog threads are not consuming an
insane amount of resources, so it's enough to set them up at init time and
keep them in parked position when the watchdog is disabled and unpark them
when it is reenabled. The smpboot thread infrastructure takes care of
keeping the force parked threads in place even across cpu hotplug.

Aside of that the code implements the park/unpark facility of smp hotplug
threads on its own, which is even more pointless. We have functionality in
the smpboot thread code to do so.

Use the new thread management functions and get rid of the unholy mess.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.470370113@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Create new thread handling infrastructure

The lockup detector reconfiguration tears down all watchdog threads when
the watchdog is disabled and sets them up again when its enabled.

That's a pointless exercise. The watchdog threads are not consuming an
insane amount of resources, so it's enough to set them up at init time and
keep them in parked position when the watchdog is disabled and unpark them
when it is reenabled. The smpboot thread infrastructure takes care of
keeping the force parked threads in place even across cpu hotplug.

Another horrible mechanism are the open coded park/unpark loops which are
used for reconfiguration of the watchdog. The smpboot infrastructure allows
exactly the same via smpboot_update_cpumask_thread_percpu(), which is cpu
hotplug safe. Using that instead of the open coded loops allows to get rid
of the hotplug locking mess in the watchdog code.

Implement a clean infrastructure which allows to replace the open coded
nonsense.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.377182587@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

smpboot/threads, watchdog/core: Avoid runtime allocation

smpboot_update_cpumask_threads_percpu() allocates a temporary cpumask at
runtime. This is suboptimal because the call site needs more code size for
proper error handling than a statically allocated temporary mask requires
data size.

Add static temporary cpumask. The function is globaly serialized, so no
further protection required.

Remove the half baken error handling in the watchdog code and get rid of
the export as there are no in tree modular users of that function.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.297288838@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Split out cpumask write function

Split the write part of the cpumask proc handler out into a separate helper
to avoid deep indentation. This also reduces the patch complexity in the
following cleanups.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.218075991@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Clean up the #ifdef maze

The #ifdef maze in this file is horrible, group stuff at least a bit so one
can figure out what belongs to what.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.139629546@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Clean up stub functions

Having stub functions which take a full page is not helping the
readablility of code.

Condense them and move the doubled #ifdef variant into the SYSFS section.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194147.045545271@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Remove the park_in_progress obfuscation

Commit:

b94f51183b06 ("kernel/watchdog: prevent false hardlockup on overloaded system")

tries to fix the following issue:

proc_write()
set_sample_period() <--- New sample period becoms visible
<----- Broken starts
proc_watchdog_update()
watchdog_enable_all_cpus() watchdog_hrtimer_fn()
update_watchdog_all_cpus() restart_timer(sample_period)
watchdog_park_threads()

thread->park()
disable_nmi()
<----- Broken ends

The reason why this is broken is that the update of the watchdog threshold
becomes immediately effective and visible for the hrtimer function which
uses that value to rearm the timer. But the NMI/perf side still uses the
old value up to the point where it is disabled. If the rate has been
lowered then the NMI can run fast enough to 'detect' a hard lockup because
the timer has not fired due to the longer period.

The patch 'fixed' this by adding a variable:

proc_write()
set_sample_period()
<----- Broken starts
proc_watchdog_update()
watchdog_enable_all_cpus() watchdog_hrtimer_fn()
update_watchdog_all_cpus() restart_timer(sample_period)
watchdog_park_threads()
park_in_progress = 1
<----- Broken ends
nmi_watchdog()
if (park_in_progress)
return;

The only effect of this variable was to make the window where the breakage
can hit small enough that it was not longer observable in testing. From a
correctness point of view it is a pointless bandaid which merily papers
over the root cause: the unsychronized update of the variable.

Looking deeper into the related code pathes unearthed similar problems in
the watchdog_start()/stop() functions.

watchdog_start()
perf_nmi_event_start()
hrtimer_start()

watchdog_stop()
hrtimer_cancel()
perf_nmi_event_stop()

In both cases the call order is wrong because if the tasks gets preempted
or the VM gets scheduled out long enough after the first call, then there is
a chance that the next NMI will see a stale hrtimer interrupt count and
trigger a false positive hard lockup splat.

Get rid of park_in_progress so the code can be gradually deobfuscated and
pruned from several layers of duct tape papering over the root cause,
which has been either ignored or not understood at all.

Once this is removed the underlying problem will be fixed by rewriting the
proc interface to do a proper synchronized update.

Address the start/stop() ordering problem as well by reverting the call
order, so this part is at least correct now.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1709052038270.2393@nanos
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/hardlockup/perf: Prevent CPU hotplug deadlock

The following deadlock is possible in the watchdog hotplug code:

cpus_write_lock()
...
takedown_cpu()
smpboot_park_threads()
smpboot_park_thread()
kthread_park()
->park() := watchdog_disable()
watchdog_nmi_disable()
perf_event_release_kernel();
put_event()
_free_event()
->destroy() := hw_perf_event_destroy()
x86_release_hardware()
release_ds_buffers()
get_online_cpus()

when a per cpu watchdog perf event is destroyed which drops the last
reference to the PMU hardware. The cleanup code there invokes
get_online_cpus() which instantly deadlocks because the hotplug percpu
rwsem is write locked.

To solve this add a deferring mechanism:

cpus_write_lock()
kthread_park()
watchdog_nmi_disable(deferred)
perf_event_disable(event);
move_event_to_deferred(event);
....
cpus_write_unlock()
cleaup_deferred_events()
perf_event_release_kernel()

This is still properly serialized against concurrent hotplug via the
cpu_add_remove_lock, which is held by the task which initiated the hotplug
event.

This is also used to handle event destruction when the watchdog threads are
parked via other mechanisms than CPU hotplug.

Analyzed-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>

Reported-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.884469246@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/hardlockup/perf: Remove broken self disable on failure

The self disabling feature is broken vs. CPU hotplug locking:

CPU 0 CPU 1
cpus_write_lock();
cpu_up(1)
wait_for_completion()
....
unpark_watchdog()
->unpark()
perf_event_create() <- fails
watchdog_enable &= ~NMI_WATCHDOG;
....
cpus_write_unlock();
CPU 2
cpus_write_lock()
cpu_down(2)
wait_for_completion()
wakeup(watchdog);
watchdog()
if (!(watchdog_enable & NMI_WATCHDOG))
watchdog_nmi_disable()
perf_event_disable()
....
cpus_read_lock();

stop_smpboot_threads()
park_watchdog();
wait_for_completion(watchdog->parked);

Result: End of hotplug and instantaneous full lockup of the machine.

There is a similar problem with disabling the watchdog via the user space
interface as the sysctl function fiddles with watchdog_enable directly.

It's very debatable whether this is required at all. If the watchdog works
nicely on N CPUs and it fails to enable on the N + 1 CPU either during
hotplug or because the user space interface disabled it via sysctl cpumask
and then some perf user grabbed the counter which is then unavailable for
the watchdog when the sysctl cpumask gets changed back.

There is no real justification for this.

One of the reasons WHY this is done is the utter stupidity of the init code
of the perf NMI watchdog. Instead of checking upfront at boot whether PERF
is available and functional at all, it just does this check at run time
over and over when user space fiddles with the sysctl. That's broken beyond
repair along with the idiotic error code dependent warn level printks and
the even more silly printk rate limiting.

If the init code checks whether perf works at boot time, then this mess can
be more or less avoided completely. Perf does not come magically into life
at runtime. Brain usage while coding is overrated.

Remove the cruft and add a temporary safe guard which gets removed later.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.806708429@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Mark hardlockup_detector_disable() __init

The function is only used by the KVM init code. Mark it __init to prevent
creative abuse.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.727134632@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Rename watchdog_proc_mutex

Following patches will use the mutex for other purposes as well. Rename it
as it is not longer a proc specific thing.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.647714850@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Rework CPU hotplug locking

The watchdog proc interface causes extensive recursive locking of the CPU
hotplug percpu rwsem, which is deadlock prone.

Replace the get/put_online_cpus() pairs with cpu_hotplug_disable()/enable()
calls for now. Later patches will remove that requirement completely.

Reported-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.568079057@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Remove broken suspend/resume interfaces

This interface has several issues:

- It's causing recursive locking of the hotplug lock.

- It's complete overkill to teardown all threads and then recreate them

The same can be achieved with the simple hardlockup_detector_perf_stop /
restart() interfaces. The abuse from the busy looping poweroff() loop of
PARISC has been solved as well.

Remove the cruft.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.487537732@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog/core: Provide interface to stop from poweroff()

PARISC has a a busy looping power off routine. If the watchdog is enabled
the watchdog timer will still fire, but the thread is not running, which
causes the softlockup watchdog to trigger.

Provide a interface which allows to turn the watchdog off.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170912194146.327343752@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

kernel/watchdog: Prevent false positives with turbo modes

The hardlockup detector on x86 uses a performance counter based on unhalted
CPU cycles and a periodic hrtimer. The hrtimer period is about 2/5 of the
performance counter period, so the hrtimer should fire 2-3 times before the
performance counter NMI fires. The NMI code checks whether the hrtimer
fired since the last invocation. If not, it assumess a hard lockup.

The calculation of those periods is based on the nominal CPU
frequency. Turbo modes increase the CPU clock frequency and therefore
shorten the period of the perf/NMI watchdog. With extreme Turbo-modes (3x
nominal frequency) the perf/NMI period is shorter than the hrtimer period
which leads to false positives.

A simple fix would be to shorten the hrtimer period, but that comes with
the side effect of more frequent hrtimer and softlockup thread wakeups,
which is not desired.

Implement a low pass filter, which checks the perf/NMI period against
kernel time. If the perf/NMI fires before 4/5 of the watchdog period has
elapsed then the event is ignored and postponed to the next perf/NMI.

That solves the problem and avoids the overhead of shorter hrtimer periods
and more frequent softlockup thread wakeups.

Fixes: 58687acba592 ("lockup_detector: Combine nmi_watchdog and softlockup detector")
Reported-and-tested-by: Kan Liang <Kan.liang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: dzickus@redhat.com
Cc: prarit@redhat.com
Cc: ak@linux.intel.com
Cc: babu.moger@oracle.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: eranian@google.com
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: atomlin@redhat.com
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1708150931310.1886@nanos

kernel/watchdog.c: use better pr_fmt prefix

After commit 73ce0511c436 ("kernel/watchdog.c: move hardlockup
detector to separate file"), 'NMI watchdog' is inappropriate in
kernel/watchdog.c, using 'watchdog' only.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1499928642-48983-1-git-send-email-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog: provide watchdog_nmi_reconfigure() for arch watchdogs

After reconfiguring watchdog sysctls etc., architecture specific
watchdogs may not get all their parameters updated.

watchdog_nmi_reconfigure() can be implemented to pull the new values in
and set the arch NMI watchdog.

[npiggin@gmail.com: add code comments]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170617125933.774d3858@roar.ozlabs.ibm.com
[arnd@arndb.de: hide unused function]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170620204854.966601-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616065715.18390-5-npiggin@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com> [sparc]
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog: split up config options

Split SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR from LOCKUP_DETECTOR, and split
HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF from HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR.

LOCKUP_DETECTOR implies the general boot, sysctl, and programming
interfaces for the lockup detectors.

An architecture that wants to use a hard lockup detector must define
HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF or HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH.

Alternatively an arch can define HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG, which provides the
minimum arch_touch_nmi_watchdog, and it otherwise does its own thing and
does not implement the LOCKUP_DETECTOR interfaces.

sparc is unusual in that it has started to implement some of the
interfaces, but not fully yet. It should probably be converted to a full
HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH.

[npiggin@gmail.com: fix]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170617223522.66c0ad88@roar.ozlabs.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170616065715.18390-4-npiggin@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com> [sparc]
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to <linux/sched/debug.h>

We are going to split <linux/sched/debug.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/debug.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>

We are going to move scheduler ABI details to <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>,
which will be used from a number of .c files.

Create empty placeholder header that maps to <linux/types.h>.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to <linux/sched/clock.h>

We are going to split <linux/sched/clock.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/clock.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

kernel/watchdog: prevent false hardlockup on overloaded system

On an overloaded system, it is possible that a change in the watchdog
threshold can be delayed long enough to trigger a false positive.

This can easily be achieved by having a cpu spinning indefinitely on a
task, while another cpu updates watchdog threshold.

What happens is while trying to park the watchdog threads, the hrtimers
on the other cpus trigger and reprogram themselves with the new slower
watchdog threshold. Meanwhile, the nmi watchdog is still programmed
with the old faster threshold.

Because the one cpu is blocked, it prevents the thread parking on the
other cpus from completing, which is needed to shutdown the nmi watchdog
and reprogram it correctly. As a result, a false positive from the nmi
watchdog is reported.

Fix this by setting a park_in_progress flag to block all lockups until
the parking is complete.

Fix provided by Ulrich Obergfell.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: s/park_in_progress/watchdog_park_in_progress/]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1481041033-192236-1-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: move hardlockup detector to separate file

Separate hardlockup code from watchdog.c and move it to watchdog_hld.c.
It is mostly straight forward. Remove everything inside
CONFIG_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTORS. This code will go to file watchdog_hld.c.
Also update the makefile accordigly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1478034826-43888-3-git-send-email-babu.moger@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Cc: Josh Hunt <johunt@akamai.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: move shared definitions to nmi.h

Patch series "Clean up watchdog handlers", v2.

This is an attempt to cleanup watchdog handlers. Right now,
kernel/watchdog.c implements both softlockup and hardlockup detectors.
Softlockup code is generic. Hardlockup code is arch specific. Some
architectures don't use hardlockup detectors. They use their own
watchdog detectors. To make both these combination work, we have
numerous #ifdefs in kernel/watchdog.c.

We are trying here to make these handlers independent of each other.
Also provide an interface for architectures to implement their own
handlers. watchdog_nmi_enable and watchdog_nmi_disable will be defined
as weak such that architectures can override its definitions.

Thanks to Don Zickus for his suggestions.
Here are our previous discussions
http://www.spinics.net/lists/sparclinux/msg16543.html
http://www.spinics.net/lists/sparclinux/msg16441.html

This patch (of 3):

Move shared macros and definitions to nmi.h so that watchdog.c, new file
watchdog_hld.c or any other architecture specific handler can use those
definitions.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1478034826-43888-2-git-send-email-babu.moger@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Babu Moger <babu.moger@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Cc: Josh Hunt <johunt@akamai.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog: use nmi registers snapshot in hardlockup handler

NMI handler doesn't call set_irq_regs(), it's set only by normal IRQ.
Thus get_irq_regs() returns NULL or stale registers snapshot with IP/SP
pointing to the code interrupted by IRQ which was interrupted by NMI.
NULL isn't a problem: in this case watchdog calls dump_stack() and
prints full stack trace including NMI. But if we're stuck in IRQ
handler then NMI watchlog will print stack trace without IRQ part at
all.

This patch uses registers snapshot passed into NMI handler as arguments:
these registers point exactly to the instruction interrupted by NMI.

Fixes: 55537871ef66 ("kernel/watchdog.c: perform all-CPU backtrace in case of hard lockup")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/146771764784.86724.6006627197118544150.stgit@buzz
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.4+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Revert "perf/x86/intel, watchdog: Switch NMI watchdog to ref cycles on x86"

This reverts commit 2c95afc1e83d93fac3be6923465e1753c2c53b0a.

Stephane reported the following regression:

> Since Andi added:
>
> commit 2c95afc1e83d93fac3be6923465e1753c2c53b0a
> Author: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
> Date: Thu Jun 9 06:14:38 2016 -0700
>
> perf/x86/intel, watchdog: Switch NMI watchdog to ref cycles on x86
>
> $ perf stat -e ref-cycles ls
> <not counted> ....
>
> fails systematically because the ref-cycles is now used by the
> watchdog and given this is a system-wide pinned event, it monopolizes
> the fixed counter 2 which is the only counter able to measure this event.

Since the next merge window is near, fix the regression for now
by reverting the commit.

Reported-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

perf/x86/intel, watchdog: Switch NMI watchdog to ref cycles on x86

The NMI watchdog uses either the fixed cycles or a generic cycles
counter. This causes a lot of conflicts with users of the PMU who want
to run a full group including the cycles fixed counter, for example
the --topdown support recently added to perf stat. The code needs to
fall back to not use groups, which can cause measurement inaccuracy
due to multiplexing errors.

This patch switches the NMI watchdog to use reference cycles
on Intel systems. This is actually more accurate than cycles,
because cycles can tick faster than the measured CPU Frequency
due to Turbo mode.

The ref cycles always tick at their frequency, or slower when
the system is idling. That means the NMI watchdog can never
expire too early, unlike with cycles.

The reference cycles tick roughly at the frequency of the TSC,
so the same period computation can be used.

Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Cc: acme@kernel.org
Cc: jolsa@kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1465478079-19993-1-git-send-email-andi@firstfloor.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: don't run proc_watchdog_update if new value is same as old

While working on a script to restore all sysctl params before a series of
tests I found that writing any value into the
/proc/sys/kernel/{nmi_watchdog,soft_watchdog,watchdog,watchdog_thresh}
causes them to call proc_watchdog_update().

NMI watchdog: enabled on all CPUs, permanently consumes one hw-PMU counter.
NMI watchdog: enabled on all CPUs, permanently consumes one hw-PMU counter.
NMI watchdog: enabled on all CPUs, permanently consumes one hw-PMU counter.
NMI watchdog: enabled on all CPUs, permanently consumes one hw-PMU counter.

There doesn't appear to be a reason for doing this work every time a write
occurs, so only do it when the values change.

Signed-off-by: Josh Hunt <johunt@akamai.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.1.x+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

panic, x86: Allow CPUs to save registers even if looping in NMI context

Currently, kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus(), a subroutine of crash_kexec(),
sends an NMI IPI to CPUs which haven't called panic() to stop them,
save their register information and do some cleanups for crash dumping.
However, if such a CPU is infinitely looping in NMI context, we fail to
save its register information into the crash dump.

For example, this can happen when unknown NMIs are broadcast to all
CPUs as follows:

CPU 0 CPU 1
=========================== ==========================
receive an unknown NMI
unknown_nmi_error()
panic() receive an unknown NMI
spin_trylock(&panic_lock) unknown_nmi_error()
crash_kexec() panic()
spin_trylock(&panic_lock)
panic_smp_self_stop()
infinite loop
kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus()
issue NMI IPI -----------> blocked until IRET
infinite loop...

Here, since CPU 1 is in NMI context, the second NMI from CPU 0 is
blocked until CPU 1 executes IRET. However, CPU 1 never executes IRET,
so the NMI is not handled and the callback function to save registers is
never called.

In practice, this can happen on some servers which broadcast NMIs to all
CPUs when the NMI button is pushed.

To save registers in this case, we need to:

a) Return from NMI handler instead of looping infinitely
or
b) Call the callback function directly from the infinite loop

Inherently, a) is risky because NMI is also used to prevent corrupted
data from being propagated to devices. So, we chose b).

This patch does the following:

1. Move the infinite looping of CPUs which haven't called panic() in NMI
context (actually done by panic_smp_self_stop()) outside of panic() to
enable us to refer pt_regs. Please note that panic_smp_self_stop() is
still used for normal context.

2. Call a callback of kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus() directly to save
registers and do some cleanups after setting waiting_for_crash_ipi which
is used for counting down the number of CPUs which handled the callback

Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Gobinda Charan Maji <gobinda.cemk07@gmail.com>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Javi Merino <javi.merino@arm.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: kexec@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: lkml <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Nicolas Iooss <nicolas.iooss_linux@m4x.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com>
Cc: Stefan Lippers-Hollmann <s.l-h@gmx.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20151210014628.25437.75256.stgit@softrs
[ Cleanup comments, fixup formatting. ]
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

panic, x86: Fix re-entrance problem due to panic on NMI

If panic on NMI happens just after panic() on the same CPU, panic() is
recursively called. Kernel stalls, as a result, after failing to acquire
panic_lock.

To avoid this problem, don't call panic() in NMI context if we've
already entered panic().

For that, introduce nmi_panic() macro to reduce code duplication. In
the case of panic on NMI, don't return from NMI handlers if another CPU
already panicked.

Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <dahi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Gobinda Charan Maji <gobinda.cemk07@gmail.com>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Javi Merino <javi.merino@arm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: kexec@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: lkml <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Nicolas Iooss <nicolas.iooss_linux@m4x.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20151210014626.25437.13302.stgit@softrs
[ Cleanup comments, fixup formatting. ]
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

workqueue: implement lockup detector

Workqueue stalls can happen from a variety of usage bugs such as
missing WQ_MEM_RECLAIM flag or concurrency managed work item
indefinitely staying RUNNING. These stalls can be extremely difficult
to hunt down because the usual warning mechanisms can't detect
workqueue stalls and the internal state is pretty opaque.

To alleviate the situation, this patch implements workqueue lockup
detector. It periodically monitors all worker_pools periodically and,
if any pool failed to make forward progress longer than the threshold
duration, triggers warning and dumps workqueue state as follows.

BUG: workqueue lockup - pool cpus=0 node=0 flags=0x0 nice=0 stuck for 31s!
Showing busy workqueues and worker pools:
workqueue events: flags=0x0
pwq 0: cpus=0 node=0 flags=0x0 nice=0 active=17/256
pending: monkey_wrench_fn, e1000_watchdog, cache_reap, vmstat_shepherd, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, release_one_tty, cgroup_release_agent
workqueue events_power_efficient: flags=0x80
pwq 0: cpus=0 node=0 flags=0x0 nice=0 active=2/256
pending: check_lifetime, neigh_periodic_work
workqueue cgroup_pidlist_destroy: flags=0x0
pwq 0: cpus=0 node=0 flags=0x0 nice=0 active=1/1
pending: cgroup_pidlist_destroy_work_fn
...

The detection mechanism is controller through kernel parameter
workqueue.watchdog_thresh and can be updated at runtime through the
sysfs module parameter file.

v2: Decoupled from softlockup control knobs.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce touch_softlockup_watchdog_sched()

touch_softlockup_watchdog() is used to tell watchdog that scheduler
stall is expected. One group of usage is from paths where the task
may not be able to yield for a long time such as performing slow PIO
to finicky device and coming out of suspend. The other is to account
for scheduler and timer going idle.

For scheduler softlockup detection, there's no reason to distinguish
the two cases; however, workqueue lockup detector is planned and it
can use the same signals from the former group while the latter would
spuriously prevent detection. This patch introduces a new function
touch_softlockup_watchdog_sched() and convert the latter group to call
it instead. For now, it just calls touch_softlockup_watchdog() and
there's no functional difference.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: fix race between proc_watchdog_thresh() and watchdog_timer_fn()

Theoretically it is possible that the watchdog timer expires right at the
time when a user sets 'watchdog_thresh' to zero (note: this disables the
lockup detectors). In this scenario, the is_softlockup() function - which
is called by the timer - could produce a false positive.

Fix this by checking the current value of 'watchdog_thresh'.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: remove {get|put}_online_cpus() from watchdog_{park|unpark}_threads()

watchdog_{park|unpark}_threads() are now called in code paths that protect
themselves against CPU hotplug, so {get|put}_online_cpus() calls are
redundant and can be removed.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: avoid races between /proc handlers and CPU hotplug

The handler functions for watchdog parameters in /proc/sys/kernel do not
protect themselves against races with CPU hotplug. Hence, theoretically
it is possible that a new watchdog thread is started on a hotplugged CPU
while a parameter is being modified, and the thread could thus use a
parameter value that is 'in transition'.

For example, if 'watchdog_thresh' is being set to zero (note: this
disables the lockup detectors) the thread would erroneously use the value
zero as the sample period.

To avoid such races and to keep the /proc handler code consistent,
call
{get|put}_online_cpus() in proc_watchdog_common()
{get|put}_online_cpus() in proc_watchdog_thresh()
{get|put}_online_cpus() in proc_watchdog_cpumask()

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: avoid race between lockup detector suspend/resume and CPU hotplug

The lockup detector suspend/resume interface that was introduced by
commit 8c073d27d7ad ("watchdog: introduce watchdog_suspend() and
watchdog_resume()") does not protect itself against races with CPU
hotplug. Hence, theoretically it is possible that a new watchdog thread
is started on a hotplugged CPU while the lockup detector is suspended,
and the thread could thus interfere unexpectedly with the code that
requested to suspend the lockup detector.

Avoid the race by calling

get_online_cpus() in lockup_detector_suspend()
put_online_cpus() in lockup_detector_resume()

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: add sysctl knob hardlockup_panic

The only way to enable a hardlockup to panic the machine is to set
'nmi_watchdog=panic' on the kernel command line.

This makes it awkward for end users and folks who want to run automate
tests (like myself).

Mimic the softlockup_panic knob and create a /proc/sys/kernel/hardlockup_panic
knob.

Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: perform all-CPU backtrace in case of hard lockup

In many cases of hardlockup reports, it's actually not possible to know
why it triggered, because the CPU that got stuck is usually waiting on a
resource (with IRQs disabled) in posession of some other CPU is holding.

IOW, we are often looking at the stacktrace of the victim and not the
actual offender.

Introduce sysctl / cmdline parameter that makes it possible to have
hardlockup detector perform all-CPU backtrace.

Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: do not unpark threads in watchdog_park_threads() on error

If kthread_park() returns an error, watchdog_park_threads() should not
blindly 'roll back' the already parked threads to the unparked state.
Instead leave it up to the callers to handle such errors appropriately in
their context. For example, it is redundant to unpark the threads if the
lockup detectors will soon be disabled by the callers anyway.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: implement error handling in lockup_detector_suspend()

lockup_detector_suspend() now handles errors from watchdog_park_threads().

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: implement error handling in update_watchdog_all_cpus() and callers

update_watchdog_all_cpus() now passes errors from watchdog_park_threads()
up to functions in the call chain. This allows watchdog_enable_all_cpus()
and proc_watchdog_update() to handle such errors too.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: move watchdog_disable_all_cpus() outside of ifdef

Move watchdog_disable_all_cpus() outside of the ifdef so that it is
available if CONFIG_SYSCTL is not defined. This is preparation for
"watchdog: implement error handling in update_watchdog_all_cpus() and
callers".

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: fix error handling in proc_watchdog_thresh()

The original watchdog_park_threads() function that was introduced by
commit 81a4beef91ba ("watchdog: introduce watchdog_park_threads() and
watchdog_unpark_threads()") takes a very simple approach to handle
errors returned by kthread_park(): It attempts to roll back all watchdog
threads to the unparked state. However, this may be undesired behaviour
from the perspective of the caller which may want to handle errors as
appropriate in its specific context. Currently, there are two possible
call chains:

- watchdog suspend/resume interface

lockup_detector_suspend
watchdog_park_threads

- write to parameters in /proc/sys/kernel

proc_watchdog_update
watchdog_enable_all_cpus
update_watchdog_all_cpus
watchdog_park_threads

Instead of 'blindly' attempting to unpark the watchdog threads if a
kthread_park() call fails, the new approach is to disable the lockup
detectors in the above call chains. Failure becomes visible to the user
as follows:

- error messages from lockup_detector_suspend()
or watchdog_enable_all_cpus()

- the state that can be read from /proc/sys/kernel/watchdog_enabled

- the 'write' system call in the latter call chain returns an error

I did not experience kthread_park() failures in practice, I used some
instrumentation to fake error returns from kthread_park() in order to test
the patches.

This patch (of 5):

Restore the previous value of watchdog_thresh _and_ sample_period if
proc_watchdog_update() returns an error. The variables must be consistent
to avoid false positives of the lockup detectors.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: is_hardlockup can be boolean

Make is_hardlockup return bool to improve readability due to this
particular function only using either one or zero as its return value.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <bywxiaobai@163.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: rename watchdog_suspend() and watchdog_resume()

Rename watchdog_suspend() to lockup_detector_suspend() and
watchdog_resume() to lockup_detector_resume() to avoid confusion with the
watchdog subsystem and to be consistent with the existing name
lockup_detector_init().

Also provide comment blocks to explain the watchdog_running and
watchdog_suspended variables and their relationship.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: use suspend/resume interface in fixup_ht_bug()

Remove watchdog_nmi_disable_all() and watchdog_nmi_enable_all() since
these functions are no longer needed. If a subsystem has a need to
deactivate the watchdog temporarily, it should utilize the
watchdog_suspend() and watchdog_resume() functions.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build with CONFIG_LOCKUP_DETECTOR=m]
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: use park/unpark functions in update_watchdog_all_cpus()

Remove update_watchdog() and restart_watchdog_hrtimer() since these
functions are no longer needed. Changes of parameters such as the sample
period are honored at the time when the watchdog threads are being
unparked.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce watchdog_suspend() and watchdog_resume()

This interface can be utilized to deactivate the hard and soft lockup
detector temporarily. Callers are expected to minimize the duration of
deactivation. Multiple deactivations are allowed to occur in parallel but
should be rare in practice.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded static initialization]
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce watchdog_park_threads() and watchdog_unpark_threads()

Originally watchdog_nmi_enable(cpu) and watchdog_nmi_disable(cpu) were
only called in watchdog thread context. However, the following commits
utilize these functions outside of watchdog thread context too.

commit 9809b18fcf6b8d8ec4d3643677345907e6b50eca
Author: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Date: Tue Sep 24 15:27:30 2013 -0700

watchdog: update watchdog_thresh properly

commit b3738d29323344da3017a91010530cf3a58590fc
Author: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Date: Mon Nov 17 20:07:03 2014 +0100

watchdog: Add watchdog enable/disable all functions

Hence, it is now possible that these functions execute concurrently with
the same 'cpu' argument. This concurrency is problematic because per-cpu
'watchdog_ev' can be accessed/modified without adequate synchronization.

The patch series aims to address the above problem. However, instead of
introducing locks to protect per-cpu 'watchdog_ev' a different approach is
taken: Invoke these functions by parking and unparking the watchdog
threads (to ensure they are always called in watchdog thread context).

static struct smp_hotplug_thread watchdog_threads = {
...
.park = watchdog_disable, // calls watchdog_nmi_disable()
.unpark = watchdog_enable, // calls watchdog_nmi_enable()
};

Both previously mentioned commits call these functions in a similar way
and thus in principle contain some duplicate code. The patch series also
avoids this duplication by providing a commonly usable mechanism.

- Patch 1/4 introduces the watchdog_{park|unpark}_threads functions that
park/unpark all watchdog threads specified in 'watchdog_cpumask'. They
are intended to be called inside of kernel/watchdog.c only.

- Patch 2/4 introduces the watchdog_{suspend|resume} functions which can
be utilized by external callers to deactivate the hard and soft lockup
detector temporarily.

- Patch 3/4 utilizes watchdog_{park|unpark}_threads to replace some code
that was introduced by commit 9809b18fcf6b8d8ec4d3643677345907e6b50eca.

- Patch 4/4 utilizes watchdog_{suspend|resume} to replace some code that
was introduced by commit b3738d29323344da3017a91010530cf3a58590fc.

A few corner cases should be mentioned here for completeness.

- kthread_park() of watchdog/N could hang if cpu N is already locked up.
However, if watchdog is enabled the lockup will be detected anyway.

- kthread_unpark() of watchdog/N could hang if cpu N got locked up after
kthread_park(). The occurrence of this scenario should be _very_ rare
in practice, in particular because it is not expected that temporary
deactivation will happen frequently, and if it happens at all it is
expected that the duration of deactivation will be short.

This patch (of 4): introduce watchdog_park_threads() and watchdog_unpark_threads()

These functions are intended to be used only from inside kernel/watchdog.c
to park/unpark all watchdog threads that are specified in
watchdog_cpumask.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog: move NMI function header declarations from watchdog.h to nmi.h

The kernel's NMI watchdog has nothing to do with the watchdog subsystem.
Its header declarations should be in linux/nmi.h, not linux/watchdog.h.

The code provided two sets of dummy functions if HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR is
not configured, one in the include file and one in kernel/watchdog.c.
Remove the dummy functions from kernel/watchdog.c and use those from the
include file.

Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: simplify housekeeping affinity with the appropriate mask

housekeeping_mask gathers all the CPUs that aren't part of the nohz_full
set. This is exactly what we want the watchdog to be affine to without
the need to use complicated cpumask operations.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

smpboot: allow passing the cpumask on per-cpu thread registration

It makes the registration cheaper and simpler for the smpboot per-cpu
kthread users that don't need to always update the cpumask after threads
creation.

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fix for allow passing the cpumask on per-cpu thread registration]
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: add watchdog_cpumask sysctl to assist nohz

Change the default behavior of watchdog so it only runs on the
housekeeping cores when nohz_full is enabled at build and boot time.
Allow modifying the set of cores the watchdog is currently running on
with a new kernel.watchdog_cpumask sysctl.

In the current system, the watchdog subsystem runs a periodic timer that
schedules the watchdog kthread to run. However, nohz_full cores are
designed to allow userspace application code running on those cores to
have 100% access to the CPU. So the watchdog system prevents the
nohz_full application code from being able to run the way it wants to,
thus the motivation to suppress the watchdog on nohz_full cores, which
this patchset provides by default.

However, if we disable the watchdog globally, then the housekeeping
cores can't benefit from the watchdog functionality. So we allow
disabling it only on some cores. See Documentation/lockup-watchdogs.txt
for more information.

[jhubbard@nvidia.com: fix a watchdog crash in some configurations]
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: fix double lock in watchdog_nmi_enable_all

Commit ab992dc38f9a ("watchdog: Fix merge 'conflict'") has introduced an
obvious deadlock because of a typo. watchdog_proc_mutex should be
unlocked on exit.

Thanks to Miroslav Benes who was staring at the code with me and noticed
this.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Duh-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Fix merge 'conflict'

Two watchdog changes that came through different trees had a non
conflicting conflict, that is, one changed the semantics of a variable
but no actual code conflict happened. So the merge appeared fine, but
the resulting code did not behave as expected.

Commit 195daf665a62 ("watchdog: enable the new user interface of the
watchdog mechanism") changes the semantics of watchdog_user_enabled,
which thereafter is only used by the functions introduced by
b3738d293233 ("watchdog: Add watchdog enable/disable all functions").

There further appears to be a distinct lack of serialization between
setting and using watchdog_enabled, so perhaps we should wrap the
{en,dis}able_all() things in watchdog_proc_mutex.

This patch fixes a s2r failure reported by Michal; which I cannot
readily explain. But this does make the code internally consistent
again.

Reported-and-tested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce the hardlockup_detector_disable() function

Have kvm_guest_init() use hardlockup_detector_disable() instead of
watchdog_enable_hardlockup_detector(false).

Remove the watchdog_hardlockup_detector_is_enabled() and the
watchdog_enable_hardlockup_detector() function which are no longer needed.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: clean up some function names and arguments

Rename the update_timers*() functions to update_watchdog*().

Remove the boolean argument from watchdog_enable_all_cpus() because
update_watchdog_all_cpus() is now a generic function to change the run
state of the lockup detectors and to have the lockup detectors use a new
sample period.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: enable the new user interface of the watchdog mechanism

With the current user interface of the watchdog mechanism it is only
possible to disable or enable both lockup detectors at the same time.
This series introduces new kernel parameters and changes the semantics of
some existing kernel parameters, so that the hard lockup detector and the
soft lockup detector can be disabled or enabled individually. With this
series applied, the user interface is as follows.

- parameters in /proc/sys/kernel

. soft_watchdog
This is a new parameter to control and examine the run state of
the soft lockup detector.

. nmi_watchdog
The semantics of this parameter have changed. It can now be used
to control and examine the run state of the hard lockup detector.

. watchdog
This parameter is still available to control the run state of both
lockup detectors at the same time. If this parameter is examined,
it shows the logical OR of soft_watchdog and nmi_watchdog.

. watchdog_thresh
The semantics of this parameter are not affected by the patch.

- kernel command line parameters

. nosoftlockup
The semantics of this parameter have changed. It can now be used
to disable the soft lockup detector at boot time.

. nmi_watchdog=0 or nmi_watchdog=1
Disable or enable the hard lockup detector at boot time. The patch
introduces '=1' as a new option.

. nowatchdog
The semantics of this parameter are not affected by the patch. It
is still available to disable both lockup detectors at boot time.

Also, remove the proc_dowatchdog() function which is no longer needed.

[dzickus@redhat.com: wrote changelog]
[dzickus@redhat.com: update documentation for kernel params and sysctl]
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: implement error handling for failure to set up hardware perf events

If watchdog_nmi_enable() fails to set up the hardware perf event of one
CPU, the entire hard lockup detector is deemed unreliable. Hence, disable
the hard lockup detector and shut down the hardware perf events on all
CPUs.

[dzickus@redhat.com: update comments to explain some code]
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce separate handlers for parameters in /proc/sys/kernel

Separate handlers for each watchdog parameter in /proc/sys/kernel replace
the proc_dowatchdog() function. Three of those handlers merely call
proc_watchdog_common() with one different argument.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce proc_watchdog_common()

Three of four handlers for the watchdog parameters in /proc/sys/kernel
essentially have to do the same thing.

if the parameter is being read {
return the state of the corresponding bit(s) in 'watchdog_enabled'
} else {
set/clear the state of the corresponding bit(s) in 'watchdog_enabled'
update the run state of the lockup detector(s)
}

Hence, introduce a common function that can be called by those handlers.
The callers pass a 'bit mask' to this function to indicate which bit(s)
should be set/cleared in 'watchdog_enabled'.

This function handles an uncommon race with watchdog_nmi_enable() where a
concurrent update of 'watchdog_enabled' is possible. We use 'cmpxchg' to
detect the concurrency. [This avoids introducing a new spinlock or a
mutex to synchronize updates of 'watchdog_enabled'. Using the same lock
or mutex in watchdog thread context and in system call context needs to be
considered carefully because it can make the code prone to deadlock
situations in connection with parking/unparking the watchdog threads.]

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: move definition of 'watchdog_proc_mutex' outside of proc_dowatchdog()

This series removes proc_dowatchdog(). Since multiple new functions need
the 'watchdog_proc_mutex' to serialize access to the watchdog parameters
in /proc/sys/kernel, move the mutex outside of any function.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: introduce the proc_watchdog_update() function

This series introduces a separate handler for each watchdog parameter in
/proc/sys/kernel. The separate handlers need a common function that they
can call to update the run state of the lockup detectors, or to have the
lockup detectors use a new sample period.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: new definitions and variables, initialization

The hardlockup and softockup had always been tied together. Due to the
request of KVM folks, they had a need to have one enabled but not the
other. Internally rework the code to split things apart more cleanly.

There is a bunch of churn here, but the end result should be code that
should be easier to maintain and fix without knowing the internals of what
is going on.

This patch (of 9):

Introduce new definitions and variables to separate the user interface in
/proc/sys/kernel from the internal run state of the lockup detectors. The
internal run state is represented by two bits in a new variable that is
named 'watchdog_enabled'. This helps simplify the code, for example:

- In order to check if any of the two lockup detectors is enabled,
it is sufficient to check if 'watchdog_enabled' is not zero.

- In order to enable/disable one or both lockup detectors,
it is sufficient to set/clear one or both bits in 'watchdog_enabled'.

- Concurrent updates of 'watchdog_enabled' need not be synchronized via
a spinlock or a mutex. Updates can either be atomic or concurrency can
be detected by using 'cmpxchg'.

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Add watchdog enable/disable all functions

This patch adds two new functions to enable/disable
the watchdog across all CPUs.

This will be used by the HT PMU bug workaround code to
disable/enable the NMI watchdog across quirk enablement.

Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bp@alien8.de
Cc: jolsa@redhat.com
Cc: kan.liang@intel.com
Cc: maria.n.dimakopoulou@gmail.com
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1416251225-17721-12-git-send-email-eranian@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

kernel/sched/clock.c: add another clock for use with the soft lockup watchdog

When the hypervisor pauses a virtualised kernel the kernel will observe a
jump in timebase, this can cause spurious messages from the softlockup
detector.

Whilst these messages are harmless, they are accompanied with a stack
trace which causes undue concern and more problematically the stack trace
in the guest has nothing to do with the observed problem and can only be
misleading.

Futhermore, on POWER8 this is completely avoidable with the introduction
of the Virtual Time Base (VTB) register.

This patch (of 2):

This permits the use of arch specific clocks for which virtualised kernels
can use their notion of 'running' time, not the elpased wall time which
will include host execution time.

Signed-off-by: Cyril Bur <cyrilbur@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Cc: chai wen <chaiw.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Ben Zhang <benzh@chromium.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: control hard lockup detection default

In some cases we don't want hard lockup detection enabled by default.
An example is when running as a guest. Introduce

watchdog_enable_hardlockup_detector(bool)

allowing those cases to disable hard lockup detection. This must be
executed early by the boot processor from e.g. smp_prepare_boot_cpu, in
order to allow kernel command line arguments to override it, as well as
to avoid hard lockup detection being enabled before we've had a chance
to indicate that it's unwanted. In summary,

initial boot: default=enabled
smp_prepare_boot_cpu
watchdog_enable_hardlockup_detector(false): default=disabled
cmdline has 'nmi_watchdog=1': default=enabled

The running kernel still has the ability to enable/disable at any time
with /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog us usual. However even when the
default has been overridden /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog will initially
show '1'. To truly turn it on one must disable/enable it, i.e.

echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog
echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog

This patch will be immediately useful for KVM with the next patch of this
series. Other hypervisor guest types may find it useful as well.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
[dzickus@redhat.com: fix compile issues on sparc]
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

softlockup: make detector be aware of task switch of processes hogging cpu

For now, soft lockup detector warns once for each case of process
softlockup. But the thread 'watchdog/n' may not always get the cpu at the
time slot between the task switch of two processes hogging that cpu to
reset soft_watchdog_warn.

An example would be two processes hogging the cpu. Process A causes the
softlockup warning and is killed manually by a user. Process B
immediately becomes the new process hogging the cpu preventing the
softlockup code from resetting the soft_watchdog_warn variable.

This case is a false negative of "warn only once for a process", as there
may be a different process that is going to hog the cpu. Resolve this by
saving/checking the task pointer of the hogging process and use that to
reset soft_watchdog_warn too.

[dzickus@redhat.com: update comment]
Signed-off-by: chai wen <chaiw.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Replace __raw_get_cpu_var uses

Most of these are the uses of &__raw_get_cpu_var for address calculation.

touch_softlockup_watchdog_sync() uses __raw_get_cpu_var to write to
per cpu variables. Use __this_cpu_write instead.

Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>
Cc: linux-watchdog@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

watchdog: Fix print-once on enable

This patch avoids printing the message 'enabled on all CPUs,
...' multiple times. For example, the issue can occur in the
following scenario:

1) watchdog_nmi_enable() fails to enable PMU counters and sets
cpu0_err.

2) 'echo [0|1] > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog' is executed to
disable and re-enable the watchdog mechanism 'on the fly'.

3) If watchdog_nmi_enable() succeeds to enable PMU counters,
each CPU will print the message because step1 left behind a
non-zero cpu0_err.

if (!IS_ERR(event)) {
if (cpu == 0 || cpu0_err)
pr_info("enabled on all CPUs, ...")

The patch avoids this by clearing cpu0_err in watchdog_nmi_disable().

Signed-off-by: Ulrich Obergfell <uobergfe@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: pbonzini@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1407768567-171794-4-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
[ Applied small cleanups. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: Remove unnecessary header files

Signed-off-by: chai wen <chaiw.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: pbonzini@redhat.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1407768567-171794-2-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

panic: add TAINT_SOFTLOCKUP

This taint flag will be set if the system has ever entered a softlockup
state. Similar to TAINT_WARN it is useful to know whether or not the
system has been in a softlockup state when debugging.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: apply the taint before calling panic()]
Signed-off-by: Josh Hunt <johunt@akamai.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: convert printk/pr_warning to pr_foo()

Replace some obsolete functions.

Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: print traces for all cpus on lockup detection

A 'softlockup' is defined as a bug that causes the kernel to loop in
kernel mode for more than a predefined period to time, without giving
other tasks a chance to run.

Currently, upon detection of this condition by the per-cpu watchdog
task, debug information (including a stack trace) is sent to the system
log.

On some occasions, we have observed that the "victim" rather than the
actual "culprit" (i.e. the owner/holder of the contended resource) is
reported to the user. Often this information has proven to be
insufficient to assist debugging efforts.

To avoid loss of useful debug information, for architectures which
support NMI, this patch makes it possible to improve soft lockup
reporting. This is accomplished by issuing an NMI to each cpu to obtain
a stack trace.

If NMI is not supported we just revert back to the old method. A sysctl
and boot-time parameter is available to toggle this feature.

[dzickus@redhat.com: add CONFIG_SMP in certain areas]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: additional CONFIG_SMP=n optimisations]
[mq@suse.cz: fix warning]
Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Mateusz Guzik <mguzik@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Moskyto Matejka <mq@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: remove preemption restrictions when restarting lockup detector

Peter Wu noticed the following splat on his machine when updating
/proc/sys/kernel/watchdog_thresh:

BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at mm/slub.c:965
in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, pid: 1, name: init
3 locks held by init/1:
#0: (sb_writers#3){.+.+.+}, at: [<ffffffff8117b663>] vfs_write+0x143/0x180
#1: (watchdog_proc_mutex){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff810e02d3>] proc_dowatchdog+0x33/0x110
#2: (cpu_hotplug.lock){.+.+.+}, at: [<ffffffff810589c2>] get_online_cpus+0x32/0x80
Preemption disabled at:[<ffffffff810e0384>] proc_dowatchdog+0xe4/0x110

CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: init Not tainted 3.16.0-rc1-testing #34
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
Call Trace:
dump_stack+0x4e/0x7a
__might_sleep+0x11d/0x190
kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x4e/0x1e0
perf_event_alloc+0x55/0x440
perf_event_create_kernel_counter+0x26/0xe0
watchdog_nmi_enable+0x75/0x140
update_timers_all_cpus+0x53/0xa0
proc_dowatchdog+0xe4/0x110
proc_sys_call_handler+0xb3/0xc0
proc_sys_write+0x14/0x20
vfs_write+0xad/0x180
SyS_write+0x49/0xb0
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
NMI watchdog: disabled (cpu0): hardware events not enabled

What happened is after updating the watchdog_thresh, the lockup detector
is restarted to utilize the new value. Part of this process involved
disabling preemption. Once preemption was disabled, perf tried to
allocate a new event (as part of the restart). This caused the above
BUG_ON as you can't sleep with preemption disabled.

The preemption restriction seemed agressive as we are not doing anything
on that particular cpu, but with all the online cpus (which are
protected by the get_online_cpus lock). Remove the restriction and the
BUG_ON goes away.

Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Peter Wu <peter@lekensteyn.nl>
Tested-by: Peter Wu <peter@lekensteyn.nl>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.13+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c:touch_softlockup_watchdog(): use raw_cpu_write()

Fix:

BUG: using __this_cpu_write() in preemptible [00000000] code: systemd-udevd/497
caller is __this_cpu_preempt_check+0x13/0x20
CPU: 3 PID: 497 Comm: systemd-udevd Tainted: G W 3.15.0-rc1 #9
Hardware name: Hewlett-Packard HP EliteBook 8470p/179B, BIOS 68ICF Ver. F.02 04/27/2012
Call Trace:
check_preemption_disabled+0xe1/0xf0
__this_cpu_preempt_check+0x13/0x20
touch_nmi_watchdog+0x28/0x40

Reported-by: Luis Henriques <luis.henriques@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Luis Henriques <luis.henriques@canonical.com>
Cc: Eric Piel <eric.piel@tremplin-utc.net>
Cc: Robert Moore <robert.moore@intel.com>
Cc: Lv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: touch_nmi_watchdog should only touch local cpu not every one

I ran into a scenario where while one cpu was stuck and should have
panic'd because of the NMI watchdog, it didn't. The reason was another
cpu was spewing stack dumps on to the console. Upon investigation, I
noticed that when writing to the console and also when dumping the
stack, the watchdog is touched.

This causes all the cpus to reset their NMI watchdog flags and the
'stuck' cpu just spins forever.

This change causes the semantics of touch_nmi_watchdog to be changed
slightly. Previously, I accidentally changed the semantics and we
noticed there was a codepath in which touch_nmi_watchdog could be
touched from a preemtible area. That caused a BUG() to happen when
CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT was enabled. I believe it was the acpi code.

My attempt here re-introduces the change to have the
touch_nmi_watchdog() code only touch the local cpu instead of all of the
cpus. But instead of using __get_cpu_var(), I use the
__raw_get_cpu_var() version.

This avoids the preemption problem. However my reasoning wasn't because
I was trying to be lazy. Instead I rationalized it as, well if
preemption is enabled then interrupts should be enabled to and the NMI
watchdog will have no reason to trigger. So it won't matter if the
wrong cpu is touched because the percpu interrupt counters the NMI
watchdog uses should still be incrementing.

Don said:

: I'm ok with this patch, though it does alter the behaviour of how
: touch_nmi_watchdog works. For the most part I don't think most callers
: need to touch all of the watchdogs (on each cpu). Perhaps a corner case
: will pop up (the scheduler?? to mimic touch_all_softlockup_watchdogs() ).
:
: But this does address an issue where if a system is locked up and one cpu
: is spewing out useful debug messages (or error messages), the hard lockup
: will fail to go off. We have seen this on RHEL also.

Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Zhang <benzh@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Simplify a little the IPI call

In order to remotely restart the watchdog hrtimer, update_timers()
allocates a csd on the stack and pass it to __smp_call_function_single().

There is no partcular need, however, for a specific csd here. Lets
simplify that a little by calling smp_call_function_single()
which can already take care of the csd allocation by itself.

Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

watchdog: update watchdog_thresh properly

watchdog_tresh controls how often nmi perf event counter checks per-cpu
hrtimer_interrupts counter and blows up if the counter hasn't changed
since the last check. The counter is updated by per-cpu
watchdog_hrtimer hrtimer which is scheduled with 2/5 watchdog_thresh
period which guarantees that hrtimer is scheduled 2 times per the main
period. Both hrtimer and perf event are started together when the
watchdog is enabled.

So far so good. But...

But what happens when watchdog_thresh is updated from sysctl handler?

proc_dowatchdog will set a new sampling period and hrtimer callback
(watchdog_timer_fn) will use the new value in the next round. The
problem, however, is that nobody tells the perf event that the sampling
period has changed so it is ticking with the period configured when it
has been set up.

This might result in an ear ripping dissonance between perf and hrtimer
parts if the watchdog_thresh is increased. And even worse it might lead
to KABOOM if the watchdog is configured to panic on such a spurious
lockup.

This patch fixes the issue by updating both nmi perf even counter and
hrtimers if the threshold value has changed.

The nmi one is disabled and then reinitialized from scratch. This has
an unpleasant side effect that the allocation of the new event might
fail theoretically so the hard lockup detector would be disabled for
such cpus. On the other hand such a memory allocation failure is very
unlikely because the original event is deallocated right before.

It would be much nicer if we just changed perf event period but there
doesn't seem to be any API to do that right now. It is also unfortunate
that perf_event_alloc uses GFP_KERNEL allocation unconditionally so we
cannot use on_each_cpu() and do the same thing from the per-cpu context.
The update from the current CPU should be safe because
perf_event_disable removes the event atomically before it clears the
per-cpu watchdog_ev so it cannot change anything under running handler
feet.

The hrtimer is simply restarted (thanks to Don Zickus who has pointed
this out) if it is queued because we cannot rely it will fire&adopt to
the new sampling period before a new nmi event triggers (when the
treshold is decreased).

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: the UP version of __smp_call_function_single ended up in the wrong place]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Fabio Estevam <festevam@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: update watchdog attributes atomically

proc_dowatchdog doesn't synchronize multiple callers which might lead to
confusion when two parallel callers might confuse watchdog_enable_all_cpus
resp watchdog_disable_all_cpus (eg watchdog gets enabled even if
watchdog_thresh was set to 0 already).

This patch adds a local mutex which synchronizes callers to the sysctl
handler.

Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Make it work under full dynticks

A perf event can be used without forcing the tick to
stay alive if it doesn't use a frequency but a sample
period and if it doesn't throttle (raise storm of events).

Since the lockup detector neither use a perf event frequency
nor should ever throttle due to its high period, it can now
run concurrently with the full dynticks feature.

So remove the hack that disabled the watchdog.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anish Singh <anish198519851985@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1374539466-4799-9-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: Boot-disable by default on full dynticks

When the watchdog runs, it prevents the full dynticks
CPUs from stopping their tick because the hard lockup
detector uses perf events internally, which in turn
rely on the periodic tick.

Since this is a rather confusing behaviour that is not
easy to track down and identify for those who want to
test CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL, let's default disable the
watchdog on boot time when full dynticks is enabled.

The user can still enable it later on runtime using
proc or sysctl.

Reported-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anish Singh <anish198519851985@gmail.com>

watchdog: Rename confusing state variable

We have two very conflicting state variable names in the
watchdog:

* watchdog_enabled: This one reflects the user interface. It's
set to 1 by default and can be overriden with boot options
or sysctl/procfs interface.

* watchdog_disabled: This is the internal toggle state that
tells if watchdog threads, timers and NMI events are currently
running or not. This state mostly depends on the user settings.
It's a convenient state latch.

Now we really need to find clearer names because those
are just too confusing to encourage deep review.

watchdog_enabled now becomes watchdog_user_enabled to reflect
its purpose as an interface.

watchdog_disabled becomes watchdog_running to suggest its
role as a pure internal state.

Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anish Singh <anish198519851985@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>

watchdog: Register / unregister watchdog kthreads on sysctl control

The user activation/deactivation of the watchdog through boot parameters
or systcl is currently implemented with a dance involving kthreads parking
and unparking methods: the threads are unconditionally registered on
boot and they park as soon as the user want the watchdog to be disabled.

This method involves a few noisy details to handle though: the watchdog
kthreads may be unparked anytime due to hotplug operations, after which
the watchdog internals have to decide to park again if it is user-disabled.

As a result the setup() and unpark() methods need to be able to request a
reparking. This is not currently supported in the kthread infrastructure
so this piece of the watchdog code only works halfway.

Besides, unparking/reparking the watchdog kthreads consume unnecessary
cputime on hotplug operations when those could be simply ignored in the
first place.

As suggested by Srivatsa, let's instead only register the watchdog
threads when they are needed. This way we don't need to think about
hotplug operations and we don't burden the CPU onlining when the watchdog
is simply disabled.

Suggested-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anish Singh <anish198519851985@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>

watchdog: Add comments to explain the watchdog_disabled variable

The watchdog_disabled flag is a bit cryptic. However it's
usefulness is multifold. Uses are:

1. Check if smpboot_register_percpu_thread function passed.

2. Makes sure that user enables and disables the watchdog in
sequence i.e. enable watchdog->disable watchdog->enable watchdog
Unlike enable watchdog->enable watchdog which is wrong.

Signed-off-by: anish kumar <anish198519851985@gmail.com>
[small text cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: chuansheng.liu@intel.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1363113848-18344-1-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: Use local_clock for get_timestamp()

The get_timestamp() function is always called with current cpu,
thus using local_clock() would be more appropriate and it makes
the code shorter and cleaner IMHO.

Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1356576585-28782-1-git-send-email-namhyung@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

sched/rt: Move rt specific bits into new header file

Move rt scheduler definitions out of include/linux/sched.h into
new file include/linux/sched/rt.h

Signed-off-by: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130207094707.7b9f825f@riff.lan
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: Fix disable/enable regression

Commit 8d4516904b39 ("watchdog: Fix CPU hotplug regression") causes an
oops or hard lockup when doing

echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog
echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog

and the kernel is booted with nmi_watchdog=1 (default)

Running laptop-mode-tools and disconnecting/connecting AC power will
cause this to trigger, making it a common failure scenario on laptops.

Instead of bailing out of watchdog_disable() when !watchdog_enabled we
can initialize the hrtimer regardless of watchdog_enabled status. This
makes it safe to call watchdog_disable() in the nmi_watchdog=0 case,
without the negative effect on the enabled => disabled => enabled case.

All these tests pass with this patch:
- nmi_watchdog=1
echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog
echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog

- nmi_watchdog=0
echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online

- nmi_watchdog=0
echo mem > /sys/power/state

Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51661

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.7
Cc: Norbert Warmuth <nwarmuth@t-online.de>
Cc: Joseph Salisbury <joseph.salisbury@canonical.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Bjørn Mork <bjorn@mork.no>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: store the watchdog sample period as a variable

Currently getting the sample period is always thru a complex
calculation: get_softlockup_thresh() * ((u64)NSEC_PER_SEC / 5).

We can store the sample period as a variable, and set it as __read_mostly
type.

Signed-off-by: liu chuansheng <chuansheng.liu@intel.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Fix CPU hotplug regression

Norbert reported:
"3.7-rc6 booted with nmi_watchdog=0 fails to suspend to RAM or
offline CPUs. It's reproducable with a KVM guest and physical
system."

The reason is that commit bcd951cf(watchdog: Use hotplug thread
infrastructure) missed to take this into account. So the cpu offline
code gets stuck in the teardown function because it accesses non
initialized data structures.

Add a check for watchdog_enabled into that path to cure the issue.

Reported-and-tested-by: Norbert Warmuth <nwarmuth@t-online.de>
Tested-by: Joseph Salisbury <joseph.salisbury@canonical.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.02.1211231033230.2701@ionos
Link: http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1079534
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

watchdog: using u64 in get_sample_period()

In get_sample_period(), unsigned long is not enough:

watchdog_thresh * 2 * (NSEC_PER_SEC / 5)

case1:
watchdog_thresh is 10 by default, the sample value will be: 0xEE6B2800

case2:
set watchdog_thresh is 20, the sample value will be: 0x1 DCD6 5000

In case2, we need use u64 to express the sample period. Otherwise,
changing the threshold thru proc often can not be successful.

Signed-off-by: liu chuansheng <chuansheng.liu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Use hotplug thread infrastructure

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120716103948.563736676@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Revert "NMI watchdog: fix for lockup detector breakage on resume"

Revert commit 45226e9 (NMI watchdog: fix for lockup detector breakage
on resume) which breaks resume from system suspend on my SH7372
Mackerel board (by causing a NULL pointer dereference to happen) and
is generally wrong, because it abuses the CPU hotplug functionality
in a shamelessly blatant way.

The original issue should be addressed through appropriate syscore
resume callback instead.

Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>

NMI watchdog: fix for lockup detector breakage on resume

On the suspend/resume path the boot CPU does not go though an
offline->online transition. This breaks the NMI detector post-resume
since it depends on PMU state that is lost when the system gets
suspended.

Fix this by forcing a CPU offline->online transition for the lockup
detector on the boot CPU during resume.

To provide more context, we enable NMI watchdog on Chrome OS. We have
seen several reports of systems freezing up completely which indicated
that the NMI watchdog was not firing for some reason.

Debugging further, we found a simple way of repro'ing system freezes --
issuing the command 'tasket 1 sh -c "echo nmilockup > /proc/breakme"'
after the system has been suspended/resumed one or more times.

With this patch in place, the system freeze result in panics, as
expected.

These panics provide a nice stack trace for us to debug the actual issue
causing the freeze.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fiddle with code comment]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make lockup_detector_bootcpu_resume() conditional on CONFIG_SUSPEND]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix section errors]
Signed-off-by: Sameer Nanda <snanda@chromium.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Quiet down the boot messages

A bunch of bugzillas have complained how noisy the nmi_watchdog
is during boot-up especially with its expected failure cases
(like virt and bios resource contention).

This is my attempt to quiet them down and keep it less confusing
for the end user. What I did is print the message for cpu0 and
save it for future comparisons. If future cpus have an
identical message as cpu0, then don't print the redundant info.
However, if a future cpu has a different message, happily print
that loudly.

Before the change, you would see something like:

..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
CPU0: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHz stepping 0a
Performance Events: PEBS fmt0+, Core2 events, Intel PMU driver.
... version: 2
... bit width: 40
... generic registers: 2
... value mask: 000000ffffffffff
... max period: 000000007fffffff
... fixed-purpose events: 3
... event mask: 0000000700000003
NMI watchdog enabled, takes one hw-pmu counter.
Booting Node 0, Processors #1
NMI watchdog enabled, takes one hw-pmu counter.
#2
NMI watchdog enabled, takes one hw-pmu counter.
#3 Ok.
NMI watchdog enabled, takes one hw-pmu counter.
Brought up 4 CPUs
Total of 4 processors activated (22607.24 BogoMIPS).

After the change, it is simplified to:

..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
CPU0: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHz stepping 0a
Performance Events: PEBS fmt0+, Core2 events, Intel PMU driver.
... version: 2
... bit width: 40
... generic registers: 2
... value mask: 000000ffffffffff
... max period: 000000007fffffff
... fixed-purpose events: 3
... event mask: 0000000700000003
NMI watchdog: enabled on all CPUs, permanently consumes one hw-PMU counter.
Booting Node 0, Processors #1 #2 #3 Ok.
Brought up 4 CPUs

V2: little changes based on Joe Perches' feedback
V3: printk cleanup based on Ingo's feedback; checkpatch fix
V4: keep printk as one long line
V5: Ingo fix ups

Reported-and-tested-by: Nathan Zimmer <nzimmer@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: nzimmer@sgi.com
Cc: joe@perches.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1339594548-17227-1-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

watchdog: add check for suspended vm in softlockup detector

A suspended VM can cause spurious soft lockup warnings. To avoid these, the
watchdog now checks if the kernel knows it was stopped by the host and skips
the warning if so. When the watchdog is reset successfully, clear the guest
paused flag.

Signed-off-by: Eric B Munson <emunson@mgebm.net>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

kernel/watchdog.c: add comment to watchdog() exit path

Revelation from Peter.

Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@tglx.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: convert to pr_foo()

It fixes some 80-col wordwrappings and adds some consistency.

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: make sure the watchdog thread gets CPU on loaded system

If the system is loaded while hotplugging a CPU we might end up with a
bogus hardlockup detection. This has been seen during LTP pounder test
executed in parallel with hotplug test.

The main problem is that enable_watchdog (called when CPU is brought up)
registers perf event which periodically checks per-cpu counter
(hrtimer_interrupts), updated from a hrtimer callback, but the hrtimer
is fired from the kernel thread.

This means that while we already do check for the hard lockup the kernel
thread might be sitting on the runqueue with zillions of tasks so there
is nobody to update the value we rely on and so we KABOOM.

Let's fix this by boosting the watchdog thread priority before we wake
it up rather than when it's already running. This still doesn't handle
a case where we have the same amount of high prio FIFO tasks but that
doesn't seem to be common. The current implementation doesn't handle
that case anyway so this is not worse at least.

Unfortunately, we cannot start perf counter from the watchdog thread
because we could miss a real lock up and also we cannot start the
hrtimer watchdog_enable because we there is no way (at least I don't
know any) to start a hrtimer from a different CPU.

[dzickus@redhat.com: fix compile issue with param]
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reviewed-by: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Fix code/comments mismatches

Reflect the change in the soft and hard lockup thresholds and
their relation to the frequency of the hrtimer and NMI events in
the code comments. While at it, remove references to files that
do not exist anymore.

Signed-off-by: Fernando Luis Vazquez Cao <fernando@oss.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328827342-6253-3-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

bugs, x86: Fix printk levels for panic, softlockups and stack dumps

rsyslog will display KERN_EMERG messages on a connected
terminal. However, these messages are useless/undecipherable
for a general user.

For example, after a softlockup we get:

Message from syslogd@intel-s3e37-04 at Jan 25 14:18:06 ...
kernel:Stack:

Message from syslogd@intel-s3e37-04 at Jan 25 14:18:06 ...
kernel:Call Trace:

Message from syslogd@intel-s3e37-04 at Jan 25 14:18:06 ...
kernel:Code: ff ff a8 08 75 25 31 d2 48 8d 86 38 e0 ff ff 48 89
d1 0f 01 c8 0f ae f0 48 8b 86 38 e0 ff ff a8 08 75 08 b1 01 4c 89 e0 0f 01 c9 <e8> ea 69 dd ff 4c 29 e8 48 89 c7 e8 0f bc da ff 49 89 c4 49 89

This happens because the printk levels for these messages are
incorrect. Only an informational message should be displayed on
a terminal.

I modified the printk levels for various messages in the kernel
and tested the output by using the drivers/misc/lkdtm.c kernel
modules (ie, softlockups, panics, hard lockups, etc.) and
confirmed that the console output was still the same and that
the output to the terminals was correct.

For example, in the case of a softlockup we now see the much
more informative:

Message from syslogd@intel-s3e37-04 at Jan 25 10:18:06 ...
BUG: soft lockup - CPU4 stuck for 60s!

instead of the above confusing messages.

AFAICT, the messages no longer have to be KERN_EMERG. In the
most important case of a panic we set console_verbose(). As for
the other less severe cases the correct data is output to the
console and /var/log/messages.

Successfully tested by me using the drivers/misc/lkdtm.c module.

Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: dzickus@redhat.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1327586134-11926-1-git-send-email-prarit@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

watchdog: move watchdog_*_all_cpus under CONFIG_SYSCTL

Fix compilation warnings for CONFIG_SYSCTL=n:

fixed compilation warnings in case of disabled CONFIG_SYSCTL
kernel/watchdog.c:483:13: warning: `watchdog_enable_all_cpus' defined but not used
kernel/watchdog.c:500:13: warning: `watchdog_disable_all_cpus' defined but not used

these functions are static and are used only in sysctl handler, so move
them inside #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL too

Signed-off-by: Vasily Averin <vvs@sw.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Drop FIFO policy in exit path

When the watchdog thread exits it runs through the exit path with FIFO
priority. There is no point in doing so. Switch back to SCHED_NORMAL
before exiting.

Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.02.1109121337461.2723@ionos
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

watchdog: Make the kthreads NUMA affine

Watchdog kthreads can use kthread_create_on_node() to NUMA affine their
stack and task_struct.

Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1312394344-18815-1-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

perf, x86: P4 PMU - Introduce event alias feature

Instead of hw_nmi_watchdog_set_attr() weak function
and appropriate x86_pmu::hw_watchdog_set_attr() call
we introduce even alias mechanism which allow us
to drop this routines completely and isolate quirks
of Netburst architecture inside P4 PMU code only.

The main idea remains the same though -- to allow
nmi-watchdog and perf top run simultaneously.

Note the aliasing mechanism applies to generic
PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES event only because arbitrary
event (say passed as RAW initially) might have some
additional bits set inside ESCR register changing
the behaviour of event and we can't guarantee anymore
that alias event will give the same result.

P.S. Thanks a huge to Don and Steven for for testing
and early review.

Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
CC: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
CC: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
CC: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
CC: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
CC: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
CC: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110708201712.GS23657@sun
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

perf: Add context field to perf_event

The perf_event overflow handler does not receive any caller-derived
argument, so many callers need to resort to looking up the perf_event
in their local data structure. This is ugly and doesn't scale if a
single callback services many perf_events.

Fix by adding a context parameter to perf_event_create_kernel_counter()
(and derived hardware breakpoints APIs) and storing it in the perf_event.
The field can be accessed from the callback as event->overflow_handler_context.
All callers are updated.

Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1309362157-6596-2-git-send-email-avi@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

perf: Remove the nmi parameter from the swevent and overflow interface

The nmi parameter indicated if we could do wakeups from the current
context, if not, we would set some state and self-IPI and let the
resulting interrupt do the wakeup.

For the various event classes:

- hardware: nmi=0; PMI is in fact an NMI or we run irq_work_run from
the PMI-tail (ARM etc.)
- tracepoint: nmi=0; since tracepoint could be from NMI context.
- software: nmi=[0,1]; some, like the schedule thing cannot
perform wakeups, and hence need 0.

As one can see, there is very little nmi=1 usage, and the down-side of
not using it is that on some platforms some software events can have a
jiffy delay in wakeup (when arch_irq_work_raise isn't implemented).

The up-side however is that we can remove the nmi parameter and save a
bunch of conditionals in fast paths.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Michael Cree <mcree@orcon.net.nz>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Eric B Munson <emunson@mgebm.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-agjev8eu666tvknpb3iaj0fg@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

perf, x86: Add hw_watchdog_set_attr() in a sake of nmi-watchdog on P4

Due to restriction and specifics of Netburst PMU we need a separated
event for NMI watchdog. In particular every Netburst event
consumes not just a counter and a config register, but also an
additional ESCR register.

Since ESCR registers are grouped upon counters (i.e. if ESCR is occupied
for some event there is no room for another event to enter until its
released) we need to pick up the "least" used ESCR (or the most available
one) for nmi-watchdog purposes -- so MSR_P4_CRU_ESCR2/3 was chosen.

With this patch nmi-watchdog and perf top should be able to run simultaneously.

Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
CC: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com>
CC: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
CC: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Tested-and-reviewed-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Tested-and-reviewed-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110623124918.GC13050@sun
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

kernel/watchdog.c: Use proper ANSI C prototypes

We try to enforce it by using -Wstrict-prototypes, but apparently they
sometimes get through. Introduced by 4eec42f39204 ("watchdog: Change
the default timeout and configure nmi watchdog period based").

Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog: Fix non-standard prototype of get_softlockup_thresh()

This build warning slipped through:

kernel/watchdog.c:102: warning: function declaration isn't a prototype

As reported by Stephen Rothwell.

Also address an unused variable warning that GCC 4.6.0 reports:
we cannot do anything about failed watchdog ops during CPU hotplug
(it's not serious enough to return an error from the notifier),
so ignore them.

Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110524134129.8da27016.sfr@canb.auug.org.au
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
LKML-Reference: <20110517071642.GF22305@elte.hu>

watchdog: Change the default timeout and configure nmi watchdog period based on watchdog_thresh

Before the conversion of the NMI watchdog to perf event, the
watchdog timeout was 5 seconds. Now it is 60 seconds. For my
particular application, netbooks, 5 seconds was a better
timeout. With a short timeout, we catch faults earlier and are
able to send back a panic. With a 60 second timeout, the user is
unlikely to wait and will instead hit the power button, causing
us to lose the panic info.

This change configures the NMI period to watchdog_thresh and
sets the softlockup_thresh to watchdog_thresh * 2. In addition,
watchdog_thresh was reduced to 10 seconds as suggested by Ingo
Molnar.

Signed-off-by: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1306127423-3347-4-git-send-email-msb@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
LKML-Reference: <20110517071642.GF22305@elte.hu>

watchdog: Disable watchdog when thresh is zero

This restores the previous behavior of softlock_thresh.

Currently, setting watchdog_thresh to zero causes the watchdog
kthreads to consume a lot of CPU.

In addition, the logic of proc_dowatchdog_thresh and
proc_dowatchdog_enabled has been factored into proc_dowatchdog.

Signed-off-by: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1306127423-3347-3-git-send-email-msb@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
LKML-Reference: <20110517071018.GE22305@elte.hu>

watchdog: Only disable/enable watchdog if neccessary

Don't take any action on an unsuccessful write to /proc.

Signed-off-by: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1306127423-3347-2-git-send-email-msb@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

watchdog: Fix rounding bug in get_sample_period()

In get_sample_period(), softlockup_thresh is integer divided by
5 before the multiplication by NSEC_PER_SEC. This results in
softlockup_thresh being rounded down to the nearest integer
multiple of 5.

For example, a softlockup_thresh of 4 rounds down to 0.

Signed-off-by: Mandeep Singh Baines <msb@chromium.org>
Cc: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1306127423-3347-1-git-send-email-msb@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

kernel/watchdog.c: disable nmi perf event in the error path of enabling watchdog

In corner cases where softlockup watchdog is not setup successfully, the
relevant nmi perf event for hardlockup watchdog could be disabled, then
the status of the underlying hardware remains unchanged.

Also, if the kthread doesn't start then the hrtimer won't run and the
hardlockup detector will falsely fire.

Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: always return NOTIFY_OK during cpu up/down events

This patch addresses a couple of problems. One was the case when the
hardlockup failed to start, it also failed to start the softlockup. There
were valid cases when the hardlockup shouldn't start and that shouldn't
block the softlockup (no lapic, bios controls perf counters).

The second problem was when the hardlockup failed to start on boxes (from
a no lapic or bios controlled perf counter case), it reported failure to
the cpu notifier chain. This blocked the notifier from continuing to
start other more critical pieces of cpu bring-up (in our case based on a
2.6.32 fork, it was the mce). As a result, during soft cpu online/offline
testing, the system would panic when a cpu was offlined because the cpu
notifier would succeed in processing a watchdog disable cpu event and
would panic in the mce case as a result of un-initialized variables from a
never executed cpu up event.

I realized the hardlockup/softlockup cases are really just debugging aids
and should never impede the progress of a cpu up/down event. Therefore I
modified the code to always return NOTIFY_OK and instead rely on printks
to inform the user of problems.

Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reviewed-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/watchdog.c: allow hardlockup to panic by default

When a cpu is considered stuck, instead of limping along and just printing
a warning, it is sometimes preferred to just panic, let kdump capture the
vmcore and reboot. This gets the machine back into a stable state quickly
while saving the info that got it into a stuck state to begin with.

Add a Kconfig option to allow users to set the hardlockup to panic
by default. Also add in a 'nmi_watchdog=nopanic' to override this.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix strncmp length]
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Reviewed-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

watchdog, nmi: Lower the severity of error messages

During boot if the hardlockup detector fails to initialize, it
complains very loudly. Some failures should be expected under
certain situations, ie no lapics, or resource in-use. Tone
those error messages down a bit. Keep the rest at a high level.

Reported-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Tested-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
LKML-Reference: <1297278153-21111-1-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

watchdog: Don't change watchdog state on read of sysctl

Signed-off-by: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
[ add {}'s to fix a warning ]
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <1296230433-6261-3-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

watchdog: Fix sysctl consistency

If it was not possible to enable watchdog for any cpu, switch
watchdog_enabled back to 0, because it's visible via
kernel.watchdog sysctl.

Signed-off-by: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <1296230433-6261-2-git-send-email-dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>