netfs: Fix interaction between write-streaming and cachefiles culling

An issue can occur between write-streaming (storing dirty data in partial
non-uptodate pages) and a cachefiles object being culled to make space.
The problem occurs because the cache object is only marked in use while
there are files open using it. Once it has been released, it can be culled
and the cookie marked disabled.

At this point, a streaming write is permitted to occur (if the cache is
active, we require pages to be prefetched and cached), but the cache can
become active again before this gets flushed out - and then two effects can
occur:

(1) The cache may be asked to write out a region that's less than its DIO
block size (assumed by cachefiles to be PAGE_SIZE) - and this causes
one of two debugging statements to be emitted.

(2) netfs_how_to_modify() gets confused because it sees a page that isn't
allowed to be non-uptodate being uptodate and tries to prefetch it -
leading to a warning that PG_fscache is set twice.

Fix this by the following means:

(1) Add a netfs_inode flag to disallow write-streaming to an inode and set
it if we ever do local caching of that inode. It remains set for the
lifetime of that inode - even if the cookie becomes disabled.

(2) If the no-write-streaming flag is set, then make netfs_how_to_modify()
always want to prefetch instead.

(3) If netfs_how_to_modify() decides it wants to prefetch a folio, but
that folio has write-streamed data in it, then it requires the folio
be flushed first.

(4) Export a counter of the number of times we wanted to prefetch a
non-uptodate page, but found it had write-streamed data in it.

(5) Export a counter of the number of times we cancelled a write to the
cache because it didn't DIO align and remove the debug statements.

Reported-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-erofs@lists.ozlabs.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Rearrange netfs_io_subrequest to put request pointer first

Rearrange the netfs_io_subrequest struct to put the netfs_io_request
pointer (rreq) first. This then allows netfs_io_subrequest to be put in a
union with a pointer to a wrapper around netfs_io_request. This will be
useful in the future for cifs and maybe ceph.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Steve French <sfrench@samba.org>
cc: Shyam Prasad N <nspmangalore@gmail.com>
cc: Rohith Surabattula <rohiths.msft@gmail.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Optimise away reads above the point at which there can be no data

Track the file position above which the server is not expected to have any
data (the "zero point") and preemptively assume that we can satisfy
requests by filling them with zeroes locally rather than attempting to
download them if they're over that line - even if we've written data back
to the server. Assume that any data that was written back above that
position is held in the local cache. Note that we have to split requests
that straddle the line.

Make use of this to optimise away some reads from the server. We need to
set the zero point in the following circumstances:

(1) When we see an extant remote inode and have no cache for it, we set
the zero_point to i_size.

(2) On local inode creation, we set zero_point to 0.

(3) On local truncation down, we reduce zero_point to the new i_size if
the new i_size is lower.

(4) On local truncation up, we don't change zero_point.

(5) On local modification, we don't change zero_point.

(6) On remote invalidation, we set zero_point to the new i_size.

(7) If stored data is discarded from the pagecache or culled from fscache,
we must set zero_point above that if the data also got written to the
server.

(8) If dirty data is written back to the server, but not fscache, we must
set zero_point above that.

(9) If a direct I/O write is made, set zero_point above that.

Assuming the above, any read from the server at or above the zero_point
position will return all zeroes.

The zero_point value can be stored in the cache, provided the above rules
are applied to it by any code that culls part of the local cache.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement a write-through caching option

Provide a flag whereby a filesystem may request that cifs_perform_write()
perform write-through caching. This involves putting pages directly into
writeback rather than dirty and attaching them to a write operation as we
go.

Further, the writes being made are limited to the byte range being written
rather than whole folios being written. This can be used by cifs, for
example, to deal with strict byte-range locking.

This can't be used with content encryption as that may require expansion of
the write RPC beyond the write being made.

This doesn't affect writes via mmap - those are written back in the normal
way; similarly failed writethrough writes are marked dirty and left to
writeback to retry. Another option would be to simply invalidate them, but
the contents can be simultaneously accessed by read() and through mmap.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide a launder_folio implementation

Provide a launder_folio implementation for netfslib.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide a writepages implementation

Provide an implementation of writepages for network filesystems to delegate
to.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs, cachefiles: Pass upper bound length to allow expansion

Make netfslib pass the maximum length to the ->prepare_write() op to tell
the cache how much it can expand the length of a write to. This allows a
write to the server at the end of a file to be limited to a few bytes
whilst writing an entire block to the cache (something required by direct
I/O).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide netfs_file_read_iter()

Provide a top-level-ish function that can be pointed to directly by
->read_iter file op.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Allow buffered shared-writeable mmap through netfs_page_mkwrite()

Provide an entry point to delegate a filesystem's ->page_mkwrite() to.
This checks for conflicting writes, then attached any netfs-specific group
marking (e.g. ceph snap) to the page to be considered dirty.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement buffered write API

Institute a netfs write helper, netfs_file_write_iter(), to be pointed at
by the network filesystem ->write_iter() call. Make it handled buffered
writes by calling the previously defined netfs_perform_write() to copy the
source data into the pagecache.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement unbuffered/DIO write support

Implement support for unbuffered writes and direct I/O writes. If the
write is misaligned with respect to the fscrypt block size, then RMW cycles
are performed if necessary. DIO writes are a special case of unbuffered
writes with extra restriction imposed, such as block size alignment
requirements.

Also provide a field that can tell the code to add some extra space onto
the bounce buffer for use by the filesystem in the case of a
content-encrypted file.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement unbuffered/DIO read support

Implement support for unbuffered and DIO reads in the netfs library,
utilising the existing read helper code to do block splitting and
individual queuing. The code also handles extraction of the destination
buffer from the supplied iterator, allowing async unbuffered reads to take
place.

The read will be split up according to the rsize setting and, if supplied,
the ->clamp_length() method. Note that the next subrequest will be issued
as soon as issue_op returns, without waiting for previous ones to finish.
The network filesystem needs to pause or handle queuing them if it doesn't
want to fire them all at the server simultaneously.

Once all the subrequests have finished, the state will be assessed and the
amount of data to be indicated as having being obtained will be
determined. As the subrequests may finish in any order, if an intermediate
subrequest is short, any further subrequests may be copied into the buffer
and then abandoned.

In the future, this will also take care of doing an unbuffered read from
encrypted content, with the decryption being done by the library.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide func to copy data to pagecache for buffered write

Provide a netfs write helper, netfs_perform_write() to buffer data to be
written in the pagecache and mark the modified folios dirty.

It will perform "streaming writes" for folios that aren't currently
resident, if possible, storing data in partially modified folios that are
marked dirty, but not uptodate. It will also tag pages as belonging to
fs-specific write groups if so directed by the filesystem.

This is derived from generic_perform_write(), but doesn't use
->write_begin() and ->write_end(), having that logic rolled in instead.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Dispatch write requests to process a writeback slice

Dispatch one or more write reqeusts to process a writeback slice, where a
slice is tailored more to logical block divisions within the file (such as
crypto blocks, an object layout or cache granules) than the protocol RPC
maximum capacity.

The dispatch doesn't happen until throttling allows, at which point the
entire writeback slice is processed and queued. A slice may be written to
multiple destinations (one or more servers and the local cache) and the
writes to each destination might be split up along different lines.

The writeback slice holds the required folios pinned. An iov_iter is
provided in netfs_write_request that describes the buffer to be used. This
may be part of the pagecache, may have auxiliary padding pages attached or
may be a bounce buffer resulting from crypto or compression. Consequently,
the filesystem must not twiddle the folio markings directly.

The following API is available to the filesystem:

(1) The ->create_write_requests() method is called to ask the filesystem
to create the requests it needs. This is passed the writeback slice
to be processed.

(2) The filesystem should then call netfs_create_write_request() to create
the requests it needs.

(3) Once a request is initialised, netfs_queue_write_request() can be
called to dispatch it asynchronously, if not completed immediately.

(4) netfs_write_request_completed() should be called to note the
completion of a request.

(5) netfs_get_write_request() and netfs_put_write_request() are provided
to refcount a request. These take constants from the netfs_wreq_trace
enum for logging into ftrace.

(6) The ->free_write_request is method is called to ask the filesystem to
clean up a request.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Prep to use folio->private for write grouping and streaming write

Prepare to use folio->private to hold information write grouping and
streaming write. These are implemented in the same commit as they both
make use of folio->private and will be both checked at the same time in
several places.

"Write grouping" involves ordering the writeback of groups of writes, such
as is needed for ceph snaps. A group is represented by a
filesystem-supplied object which must contain a netfs_group struct. This
contains just a refcount and a pointer to a destructor.

"Streaming write" is the storage of data in folios that are marked dirty,
but not uptodate, to avoid unnecessary reads of data. This is represented
by a netfs_folio struct. This contains the offset and length of the
modified region plus the otherwise displaced write grouping pointer.

The way folio->private is multiplexed is:

(1) If private is NULL then neither is in operation on a dirty folio.

(2) If private is set, with bit 0 clear, then this points to a group.

(3) If private is set, with bit 0 set, then this points to a netfs_folio
struct (with bit 0 AND'ed out).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Add a hook to allow tell the netfs to update its i_size

Add a hook for netfslib's write helpers to call to tell the network
filesystem that it should update its i_size.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Extend the netfs_io_*request structs to handle writes

Modify the netfs_io_request struct to act as a point around which writes
can be coordinated. It represents and pins a range of pages that need
writing and a list of regions of dirty data in that range of pages.

If RMW is required, the original data can be downloaded into the bounce
buffer, decrypted if necessary, the modifications made, then the modified
data can be reencrypted/recompressed and sent back to the server.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Limit subrequest by size or number of segments

Limit a subrequest to a maximum size and/or a maximum number of contiguous
physical regions. This permits, for instance, an subreq's iterator to be
limited to the number of DMA'able segments that a large RDMA request can
handle.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Add func to calculate pagecount/size-limited span of an iterator

Add a function to work out how much of an ITER_BVEC or ITER_XARRAY iterator
we can use in a pagecount-limited and size-limited span. This will be
used, for example, to limit the number of segments in a subrequest to the
maximum number of elements that an RDMA transfer can handle.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide tools to create a buffer in an xarray

Provide tools to create a buffer in an xarray, with a function to add new
folios with a mark. This will be used to create bounce buffer and can be
used more easily to create a list of folios the span of which would require
more than a page's worth of bio_vec structs.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Add support for DIO buffering

Add a bvec array pointer and an iterator to netfs_io_request for either
holding a copy of a DIO iterator or a list of all the bits of buffer
pointed to by a DIO iterator.

There are two problems: Firstly, if an iovec-class iov_iter is passed to
->read_iter() or ->write_iter(), this cannot be passed directly to
kernel_sendmsg() or kernel_recvmsg() as that may cause locking recursion if
a fault is generated, so we need to keep track of the pages involved
separately.

Secondly, if the I/O is asynchronous, we must copy the iov_iter describing
the buffer before returning to the caller as it may be immediately
deallocated.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Add iov_iters to (sub)requests to describe various buffers

Add three iov_iter structs:

(1) Add an iov_iter (->iter) to the I/O request to describe the
unencrypted-side buffer.

(2) Add an iov_iter (->io_iter) to the I/O request to describe the
encrypted-side I/O buffer. This may be a different size to the buffer
in (1).

(3) Add an iov_iter (->io_iter) to the I/O subrequest to describe the part
of the I/O buffer for that subrequest.

This will allow future patches to point to a bounce buffer instead for
purposes of handling oversize writes, decryption (where we want to save the
encrypted data to the cache) and decompression.

These iov_iters persist for the lifetime of the (sub)request, and so can be
accessed multiple times without worrying about them being deallocated upon
return to the caller.

The network filesystem must appropriately advance the iterator before
terminating the request.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Implement unbuffered/DIO vs buffered I/O locking

Borrow NFS's direct-vs-buffered I/O locking into netfslib. Similar code is
also used in ceph.

Modify it to have the correct checker annotations for i_rwsem lock
acquisition/release and to return -ERESTARTSYS if waits are interrupted.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Provide invalidate_folio and release_folio calls

Provide default invalidate_folio and release_folio calls. These will need
to interact with invalidation correctly at some point. They will be needed
if netfslib is to make use of folio->private for its own purposes.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Add a ->free_subrequest() op

Add a ->free_subrequest() op so that the netfs can clean up data attached
to a subrequest.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Allow the netfs to make the io (sub)request alloc larger

Allow the network filesystem to specify extra space to be allocated on the
end of the io (sub)request. This allows cifs, for example, to use this
space rather than allocating its own cifs_readdata struct.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Add a procfile to list in-progress requests

Add a procfile, /proc/fs/netfs/requests, to list in-progress netfslib I/O
requests.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs: Move pinning-for-writeback from fscache to netfs

Move the resource pinning-for-writeback from fscache code to netfslib code.
This is used to keep a cache backing object pinned whilst we have dirty
pages on the netfs inode in the pagecache such that VM writeback will be
able to reach it.

Whilst we're at it, switch the parameters of netfs_unpin_writeback() to
match ->write_inode() so that it can be used for that directly.

Note that this mechanism could be more generically useful than that for
network filesystems. Quite often they have to keep around other resources
(e.g. authentication tokens or network connections) until the writeback is
complete.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org

netfs, fscache: Move /proc/fs/fscache to /proc/fs/netfs and put in a symlink

Rename /proc/fs/fscache to "netfs" and make a symlink from fscache to that.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Christian Brauner <christian@brauner.io>
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

netfs, fscache: Remove ->begin_cache_operation

Remove ->begin_cache_operation() in favour of just calling fscache directly.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Christian Brauner <christian@brauner.io>
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Move netfs_extract_iter_to_sg() to lib/scatterlist.c

Move netfs_extract_iter_to_sg() to lib/scatterlist.c as it's going to be
used by more than just network filesystems (AF_ALG, for example).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Steve French <sfrench@samba.org>
cc: Shyam Prasad N <nspmangalore@gmail.com>
cc: Rohith Surabattula <rohiths.msft@gmail.com>
cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
cc: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
cc: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-crypto@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>

Drop the netfs_ prefix from netfs_extract_iter_to_sg()

Rename netfs_extract_iter_to_sg() and its auxiliary functions to drop the
netfs_ prefix.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Steve French <sfrench@samba.org>
cc: Shyam Prasad N <nspmangalore@gmail.com>
cc: Rohith Surabattula <rohiths.msft@gmail.com>
cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
cc: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org>
cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
cc: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
cc: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
cc: linux-crypto@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>

netfs: Add a function to extract an iterator into a scatterlist

Provide a function for filling in a scatterlist from the list of pages
contained in an iterator.

If the iterator is UBUF- or IOBUF-type, the pages have a pin taken on them
(as FOLL_PIN).

If the iterator is BVEC-, KVEC- or XARRAY-type, no pin is taken on the
pages and it is left to the caller to manage their lifetime. It cannot be
assumed that a ref can be validly taken, particularly in the case of a KVEC
iterator.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Steve French <sfrench@samba.org>
cc: Shyam Prasad N <nspmangalore@gmail.com>
cc: Rohith Surabattula <rohiths.msft@gmail.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>

netfs: Add a function to extract a UBUF or IOVEC into a BVEC iterator

Add a function to extract the pages from a user-space supplied iterator
(UBUF- or IOVEC-type) into a BVEC-type iterator, retaining the pages by
getting a pin on them (as FOLL_PIN) as we go.

This is useful in three situations:

(1) A userspace thread may have a sibling that unmaps or remaps the
process's VM during the operation, changing the assignment of the
pages and potentially causing an error. Retaining the pages keeps
some pages around, even if this occurs; futher, we find out at the
point of extraction if EFAULT is going to be incurred.

(2) Pages might get swapped out/discarded if not retained, so we want to
retain them to avoid the reload causing a deadlock due to a DIO
from/to an mmapped region on the same file.

(3) The iterator may get passed to sendmsg() by the filesystem. If a
fault occurs, we may get a short write to a TCP stream that's then
tricky to recover from.

We don't deal with other types of iterator here, leaving it to other
mechanisms to retain the pages (eg. PG_locked, PG_writeback and the pipe
lock).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Steve French <sfrench@samba.org>
cc: Shyam Prasad N <nspmangalore@gmail.com>
cc: Rohith Surabattula <rohiths.msft@gmail.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>

fscache,cachefiles: add prepare_ondemand_read() callback

Add prepare_ondemand_read() callback dedicated for the on-demand read
scenario, so that callers from this scenario can be decoupled from
netfs_io_subrequest.

The original cachefiles_prepare_read() is now refactored to a generic
routine accepting a parameter list instead of netfs_io_subrequest.
There's no logic change, except that the debug id of subrequest and
request is removed from trace_cachefiles_prep_read().

Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jingbo Xu <jefflexu@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221124034212.81892-2-jefflexu@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <hsiangkao@linux.alibaba.com>

netfs: Remove extern from function prototypes

The 'extern' keyword is not necessary and removing it lets us shorten
some lines.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>

netfs: do not unlock and put the folio twice

check_write_begin() will unlock and put the folio when return
non-zero. So we should avoid unlocking and putting it twice in
netfs layer.

Change the way ->check_write_begin() works in the following two ways:

(1) Pass it a pointer to the folio pointer, allowing it to unlock and put
the folio prior to doing the stuff it wants to do, provided it clears
the folio pointer.

(2) Change the return values such that 0 with folio pointer set means
continue, 0 with folio pointer cleared means re-get and all error
codes indicating an error (no special treatment for -EAGAIN).

[ bagasdotme: use Sphinx code text syntax for *foliop pointer ]

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/56423
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/cf169f43-8ee7-8697-25da-0204d1b4343e@redhat.com
Co-developed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>

netfs: fix up netfs_inode_init() docbook comment

Commit e81fb4198e27 ("netfs: Further cleanups after struct netfs_inode
wrapper introduced") changed the argument types and names, and actually
updated the comment too (although that was thanks to David Howells, not
me: my original patch only changed the code).

But the comment fixup didn't go quite far enough, and didn't change the
argument name in the comment, resulting in

include/linux/netfs.h:314: warning: Function parameter or member 'ctx' not described in 'netfs_inode_init'
include/linux/netfs.h:314: warning: Excess function parameter 'inode' description in 'netfs_inode_init'

during htmldoc generation.

Fixes: e81fb4198e27 ("netfs: Further cleanups after struct netfs_inode wrapper introduced")
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

netfs: Rename the netfs_io_request cleanup op and give it an op pointer

The netfs_io_request cleanup op is now always in a position to be given a
pointer to a netfs_io_request struct, so this can be passed in instead of
the mapping and private data arguments (both of which are included in the
struct).

So rename the ->cleanup op to ->free_request (to match ->init_request) and
pass in the I/O pointer.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

netfs: Further cleanups after struct netfs_inode wrapper introduced

Change the signature of netfs helper functions to take a struct netfs_inode
pointer rather than a struct inode pointer where appropriate, thereby
relieving the need for the network filesystem to convert its internal inode
format down to the VFS inode only for netfslib to bounce it back up. For
type safety, it's better not to do that (and it's less typing too).

Give netfs_write_begin() an extra argument to pass in a pointer to the
netfs_inode struct rather than deriving it internally from the file
pointer. Note that the ->write_begin() and ->write_end() ops are intended
to be replaced in the future by netfslib code that manages this without the
need to call in twice for each page.

netfs_readpage() and similar are intended to be pointed at directly by the
address_space_operations table, so must stick to the signature dictated by
the function pointers there.

Changes
=======
- Updated the kerneldoc comments and documentation [DH].

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wgkwKyNmNdKpQkqZ6DnmUL-x9hp0YBnUGjaPFEAdxDTbw@mail.gmail.com/

netfs: Fix gcc-12 warning by embedding vfs inode in netfs_i_context

While randstruct was satisfied with using an open-coded "void *" offset
cast for the netfs_i_context <-> inode casting, __builtin_object_size() as
used by FORTIFY_SOURCE was not as easily fooled. This was causing the
following complaint[1] from gcc v12:

In file included from include/linux/string.h:253,
from include/linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h:7,
from fs/ceph/inode.c:2:
In function 'fortify_memset_chk',
inlined from 'netfs_i_context_init' at include/linux/netfs.h:326:2,
inlined from 'ceph_alloc_inode' at fs/ceph/inode.c:463:2:
include/linux/fortify-string.h:242:25: warning: call to '__write_overflow_field' declared with attribute warning: detected write beyond size of field (1st parameter); maybe use struct_group()? [-Wattribute-warning]
242 | __write_overflow_field(p_size_field, size);
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Fix this by embedding a struct inode into struct netfs_i_context (which
should perhaps be renamed to struct netfs_inode). The struct inode
vfs_inode fields are then removed from the 9p, afs, ceph and cifs inode
structs and vfs_inode is then simply changed to "netfs.inode" in those
filesystems.

Further, rename netfs_i_context to netfs_inode, get rid of the
netfs_inode() function that converted a netfs_i_context pointer to an
inode pointer (that can now be done with &ctx->inode) and rename the
netfs_i_context() function to netfs_inode() (which is now a wrapper
around container_of()).

Most of the changes were done with:

perl -p -i -e 's/vfs_inode/netfs.inode/'g \
`git grep -l 'vfs_inode' -- fs/{9p,afs,ceph,cifs}/*.[ch]`

Kees suggested doing it with a pair structure[2] and a special
declarator to insert that into the network filesystem's inode
wrapper[3], but I think it's cleaner to embed it - and then it doesn't
matter if struct randomisation reorders things.

Dave Chinner suggested using a filesystem-specific VFS_I() function in
each filesystem to convert that filesystem's own inode wrapper struct
into the VFS inode struct[4].

Version #2:
- Fix a couple of missed name changes due to a disabled cifs option.
- Rename nfs_i_context to nfs_inode
- Use "netfs" instead of "nic" as the member name in per-fs inode wrapper
structs.

[ This also undoes commit 507160f46c55 ("netfs: gcc-12: temporarily
disable '-Wattribute-warning' for now") that is no longer needed ]

Fixes: bc899ee1c898 ("netfs: Add a netfs inode context")
Reported-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
cc: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@gmail.com>
cc: Latchesar Ionkov <lucho@ionkov.net>
cc: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
cc: Christian Schoenebeck <linux_oss@crudebyte.com>
cc: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
cc: Steve French <smfrench@gmail.com>
cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
cc: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org>
cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: samba-technical@lists.samba.org
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-hardening@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/d2ad3a3d7bdd794c6efb562d2f2b655fb67756b9.camel@kernel.org/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220517210230.864239-1-keescook@chromium.org/ [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220518202212.2322058-1-keescook@chromium.org/ [3]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220524101205.GI2306852@dread.disaster.area/ [4]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/165296786831.3591209.12111293034669289733.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/165305805651.4094995.7763502506786714216.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk # v2
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

cachefiles: implement on-demand read

Implement the data plane of on-demand read mode.

The early implementation [1] place the entry to
cachefiles_ondemand_read() in fscache_read(). However, fscache_read()
can only detect if the requested file range is fully cache miss, whilst
we need to notify the user daemon as long as there's a hole inside the
requested file range.

Thus the entry is now placed in cachefiles_prepare_read(). When working
in on-demand read mode, once a hole detected, the read routine will send
a READ request to the user daemon. The user daemon needs to fetch the
data and write it to the cache file. After sending the READ request, the
read routine will hang there, until the READ request is handled by the
user daemon. Then it will retry to read from the same file range. If no
progress encountered, the read routine will fail then.

A new NETFS_SREQ_ONDEMAND flag is introduced to indicate that on-demand
read should be done when a cache miss encountered.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220406075612.60298-6-jefflexu@linux.alibaba.com/ #v8

Signed-off-by: Jeffle Xu <jefflexu@linux.alibaba.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220425122143.56815-6-jefflexu@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <hsiangkao@linux.alibaba.com>

fs: Convert netfs_readpage to netfs_read_folio

This is straightforward because netfs already worked in terms of folios.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>

fs: Remove aop_flags parameter from netfs_write_begin()

There are no more aop flags left, so remove the parameter.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>

netfs: Eliminate Clang randstruct warning

Clang's structure layout randomization feature gets upset when it sees
struct inode (which is randomized) cast to struct netfs_i_context. This
is due to seeing the inode pointer as being treated as an array of inodes,
rather than "something else, following struct inode".

Since netfs can't use container_of() (since it doesn't know what the
true containing struct is), it uses this direct offset instead. Adjust
the code to better reflect what is happening: an arbitrary pointer is
being adjusted and cast to something else: use a "void *" for the math.
The resulting binary output is the same, but Clang no longer sees an
unexpected cross-structure cast:

In file included from ../fs/nfs/inode.c:50:
In file included from ../fs/nfs/fscache.h:15:
In file included from ../include/linux/fscache.h:18:
../include/linux/netfs.h:298:9: error: casting from randomized structure pointer type 'struct inode *' to 'struct netfs_i_context *'
return (struct netfs_i_context *)(inode + 1);
^
1 error generated.

Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220503205503.3054173-2-keescook@chromium.org
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/7562f8eccd7cc0e447becfe9912179088784e3b9.camel@kernel.org

netfs: Keep track of the actual remote file size

Provide a place in which to keep track of the actual remote file size in
the netfs context. This is needed because inode->i_size will be updated as
we buffer writes in the pagecache, but the server file size won't get
updated until we flush them back.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164623013727.3564931.17659955636985232717.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678219305.1200972.6459431995188365134.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692921865.2099075.5310757978508056134.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs: Add a netfs inode context

Add a netfs_i_context struct that should be included in the network
filesystem's own inode struct wrapper, directly after the VFS's inode
struct, e.g.:

struct my_inode {
struct {
/* These must be contiguous */
struct inode vfs_inode;
struct netfs_i_context netfs_ctx;
};
};

The netfs_i_context struct so far contains a single field for the network
filesystem to use - the cache cookie:

struct netfs_i_context {
...
struct fscache_cookie *cache;
};

Three functions are provided to help with this:

(1) void netfs_i_context_init(struct inode *inode,
const struct netfs_request_ops *ops);

Initialise the netfs context and set the operations.

(2) struct netfs_i_context *netfs_i_context(struct inode *inode);

Find the netfs context from the VFS inode.

(3) struct inode *netfs_inode(struct netfs_i_context *ctx);

Find the VFS inode from the netfs context.

Changes
=======
ver #4)
- Fix netfs_is_cache_enabled() to check cookie->cache_priv to see if a
cache is present[3].
- Fix netfs_skip_folio_read() to zero out all of the page, not just some
of it[3].

ver #3)
- Split out the bit to move ceph cap-getting on readahead into
ceph_init_request()[1].
- Stick in a comment to the netfs inode structs indicating the contiguity
requirements[2].

ver #2)
- Adjust documentation to match.
- Use "#if IS_ENABLED()" in netfs_i_cookie(), not "#ifdef".
- Move the cap check from ceph_readahead() to ceph_init_request() to be
called from netfslib.
- Remove ceph_readahead() and use netfs_readahead() directly instead.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/8af0d47f17d89c06bbf602496dd845f2b0bf25b3.camel@kernel.org/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/beaf4f6a6c2575ed489adb14b257253c868f9a5c.camel@kernel.org/ [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/3536452.1647421585@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [3]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164622984545.3564931.15691742939278418580.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678213320.1200972.16807551936267647470.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692909854.2099075.9535537286264248057.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/306388.1647595110@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4

netfs: Change ->init_request() to return an error code

Change the request initialisation function to return an error code so that
the network filesystem can return a failure (ENOMEM, for example).

This will also allow ceph to abort a ->readahead() op if the server refuses
to give it a cap allowing local caching from within the netfslib framework
(errors aren't passed back through ->readahead(), so returning, say,
-ENOBUFS will cause the op to be aborted).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678212401.1200972.16537041523832944934.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692905398.2099075.5238033621684646524.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs: Refactor arguments for netfs_alloc_read_request

Pass start and len to the rreq allocator. This should ensure that the
fields are set so that ->init_request() can use them.

Also add a parameter to indicates the origin of the request. Ceph can use
this to tell whether to get caps.

Changes
=======
ver #3)
- Change the author to me as Jeff feels that most of the patch is my
changes now.

ver #2)
- Show the request origin in the netfs_rreq tracepoint.

Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Co-developed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164622989020.3564931.17517006047854958747.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678208569.1200972.12153682697842916557.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692904155.2099075.14717645623034355995.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs: Trace refcounting on the netfs_io_subrequest struct

Add refcount tracing for the netfs_io_subrequest structure.

Changes
=======
ver #3)
- Switch 'W=' to 'R=' in the traceline to match other request debug IDs.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164622998584.3564931.5052255990645723639.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678202603.1200972.14726007419792315578.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692901860.2099075.4845820886851239935.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs: Trace refcounting on the netfs_io_request struct

Add refcount tracing for the netfs_io_request structure.

Changes
=======
ver #3)
- Switch 'W=' to 'R=' in the traceline to match other request debug IDs.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164622997668.3564931.14456171619219324968.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678200943.1200972.7241495532327787765.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692900920.2099075.11847712419940675791.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs: Finish off rename of netfs_read_request to netfs_io_request

Adjust helper function names and comments after mass rename of
struct netfs_read_*request to struct netfs_io_*request.

Changes
=======
ver #2)
- Make the changes in the docs also.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164622992433.3564931.6684311087845150271.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678196111.1200972.5001114956865989528.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692892567.2099075.13895804222087028813.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs: Rename netfs_read_*request to netfs_io_*request

Rename netfs_read_*request to netfs_io_*request so that the same structures
can be used for the write helpers too.

perl -p -i -e 's/netfs_read_(request|subrequest)/netfs_io_$1/g' \
`git grep -l 'netfs_read_\(sub\|\)request'`
perl -p -i -e 's/nr_rd_ops/nr_outstanding/g' \
`git grep -l nr_rd_ops`
perl -p -i -e 's/nr_wr_ops/nr_copy_ops/g' \
`git grep -l nr_wr_ops`
perl -p -i -e 's/netfs_read_source/netfs_io_source/g' \
`git grep -l 'netfs_read_source'`
perl -p -i -e 's/netfs_io_request_ops/netfs_request_ops/g' \
`git grep -l 'netfs_io_request_ops'`
perl -p -i -e 's/init_rreq/init_request/g' \
`git grep -l 'init_rreq'`

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164622988070.3564931.7089670190434315183.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164678195157.1200972.366609966927368090.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164692891535.2099075.18435198075367420588.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3

netfs, cachefiles: Add a method to query presence of data in the cache

Add a netfs_cache_ops method by which a network filesystem can ask the
cache about what data it has available and where so that it can make a
multipage read more efficient.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Rohith Surabattula <rohiths@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve French <stfrench@microsoft.com>

netfs: Pass more information on how to deal with a hole in the cache

Pass more information to the cache on how to deal with a hole if it
encounters one when trying to read from the cache. Three options are
provided:

(1) NETFS_READ_HOLE_IGNORE. Read the hole along with the data, assuming
it to be a punched-out extent by the backing filesystem.

(2) NETFS_READ_HOLE_CLEAR. If there's a hole, erase the requested region
of the cache and clear the read buffer.

(3) NETFS_READ_HOLE_FAIL. Fail the read if a hole is detected.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163819612321.215744.9738308885948264476.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163906914460.143852.6284247083607910189.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163967119923.1823006.15637375885194297582.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164021519762.640689.16994364383313159319.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4

fscache: Implement cookie invalidation

Add a function to invalidate the cache behind a cookie:

void fscache_invalidate(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
const void *aux_data,
loff_t size,
unsigned int flags)

This causes any cached data for the specified cookie to be discarded. If
the cookie is marked as being in use, a new cache object will be created if
possible and future I/O will use that instead. In-flight I/O should be
abandoned (writes) or reconsidered (reads). Each time it is called
cookie->inval_counter is incremented and this can be used to detect
invalidation at the end of an I/O operation.

The coherency data attached to the cookie can be updated and the cookie
size should be reset. One flag is available, FSCACHE_INVAL_DIO_WRITE,
which should be used to indicate invalidation due to a DIO write on a
file. This will temporarily disable caching for this cookie.

Changes
=======
ver #2:
- Should only change to inval state if can get access to cache.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163819602231.215744.11206598147269491575.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163906909707.143852.18056070560477964891.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163967107447.1823006.5945029409592119962.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164021512640.640689.11418616313147754172.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4

netfs: Pass a flag to ->prepare_write() to say if there's no alloc'd space

Pass a flag to ->prepare_write() to indicate if there's definitely no
space allocated in the cache yet (for instance if we've already checked as
we were asked to do a read).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163819583123.215744.12783808230464471417.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163906886835.143852.6689886781122679769.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163967079100.1823006.12889542712309574359.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164021489334.640689.3131206613015409076.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4

netfs, 9p, afs, ceph: Use folios

Convert the netfs helper library to use folios throughout, convert the 9p
and afs filesystems to use folios in their file I/O paths and convert the
ceph filesystem to use just enough folios to compile.

With these changes, afs passes -g quick xfstests.

Changes
=======
ver #5:
- Got rid of folio_end{io,_read,_write}() and inlined the stuff it does
instead (Willy decided he didn't want this after all).

ver #4:
- Fixed a bug in afs_redirty_page() whereby it didn't set the next page
index in the loop and returned too early.
- Simplified a check in v9fs_vfs_write_folio_locked()[1].
- Undid a change to afs_symlink_readpage()[1].
- Used offset_in_folio() in afs_write_end()[1].
- Changed from using page_endio() to folio_end{io,_read,_write}()[1].

ver #2:
- Add 9p foliation.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
Tested-by: kafs-testing@auristor.com
cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
cc: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
cc: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/YYKa3bfQZxK5/wDN@casper.infradead.org/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2408234.1628687271@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/162877311459.3085614.10601478228012245108.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/162981153551.1901565.3124454657133703341.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163005745264.2472992.9852048135392188995.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163584187452.4023316.500389675405550116.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163649328026.309189.1124218109373941936.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163657852454.834781.9265101983152100556.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5

fs/netfs: Add folio fscache functions

Match the page writeback functions by adding
folio_start_fscache(), folio_end_fscache(), folio_wait_fscache() and
folio_wait_fscache_killable(). Remove set_page_private_2(). Also rewrite
the kernel-doc to describe when to use the function rather than what the
function does, and include the kernel-doc in the appropriate rst file.
Saves 31 bytes of text in netfs_rreq_unlock() due to set_page_fscache()
calling page_folio() once instead of three times.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

mm/filemap: Add folio private_2 functions

end_page_private_2() becomes folio_end_private_2(),
wait_on_page_private_2() becomes folio_wait_private_2() and
wait_on_page_private_2_killable() becomes folio_wait_private_2_killable().

Adjust the fscache equivalents to call page_folio() before calling these
functions to avoid adding wrappers. Ends up costing 1 byte of text
in ceph & netfs, but the core shrinks by three calls to page_folio().

Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>

netfs: Move cookie debug ID to struct netfs_cache_resources

Move the cookie debug ID from struct netfs_read_request to struct
netfs_cache_resources and drop the 'cookie_' prefix. This makes it
available for things that want to use netfs_cache_resources without having
a netfs_read_request.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/162431190784.2908479.13386972676539789127.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/

netfs: Define an interface to talk to a cache

Add an interface to the netfs helper library for reading data from the
cache instead of downloading it from the server and support for writing
data just downloaded or cleared to the cache.

The API passes an iov_iter to the cache read/write routines to indicate the
data/buffer to be used. This is done using the ITER_XARRAY type to provide
direct access to the netfs inode's pagecache.

When the netfs's ->begin_cache_operation() method is called, this must fill
in the cache_resources in the netfs_read_request struct, including the
netfs_cache_ops used by the helper lib to talk to the cache. The helper
lib does not directly access the cache.

Changes:
v6:
- Call trace_netfs_read() after beginning the cache op so that the cookie
debug ID can be logged[3].
- Don't record the error from writing to the cache. We don't want to pass
it back to the netfs[4].
- Fix copy-to-cache subreq amalgamation to not round up as it goes along
otherwise it overcalculates the length of the write[5].

v5:
- Use end_page_fscache() rather than unlock_page_fscache()[2].

v4:
- Added flag to netfs_subreq_terminated() to indicate that the caller may
have been running async and stuff that might sleep needs punting to a
workqueue (can't use in_softirq()[1]).
- Add missing inc of netfs_n_rh_read stat.
- Move initial definition of fscache_begin_read_operation() elsewhere.
- Need to call op->begin_cache_operation() from netfs_write_begin().

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210216084230.GA23669@lst.de/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2499407.1616505440@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161781045123.463527.14533348855710902201.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [3]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161781046256.463527.18158681600085556192.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [4]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161781047695.463527.7463536103593997492.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [5]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161118141321.1232039.8296910406755622458.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161161036700.2537118.11170748455436854978.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340399569.1303470.1138884774643385730.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539542874.286939.13337898213448136687.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653799826.2770958.9015430297426331950.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789081462.6155.3853904866933313256.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6

netfs: Add write_begin helper

Add a helper to do the pre-reading work for the netfs write_begin address
space op.

Changes
v6:
- Fixed a missing rreq put in netfs_write_begin()[3].
- Use DEFINE_READAHEAD()[4].

v5:
- Made the wait for PG_fscache in netfs_write_begin() killable[2].

v4:
- Added flag to netfs_subreq_terminated() to indicate that the caller may
have been running async and stuff that might sleep needs punting to a
workqueue (can't use in_softirq()[1]).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210216084230.GA23669@lst.de/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2499407.1616505440@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161781042127.463527.9154479794406046987.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [3]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1234933.1617886271@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [4]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/160588543960.3465195.2792938973035886168.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161118140165.1232039.16418853874312234477.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161161035539.2537118.15674887534950908530.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340398368.1303470.11242918276563276090.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539541541.286939.1889738674057013729.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653798616.2770958.17213315845968485563.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789080530.6155.1011847312392330491.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6

netfs: Gather stats

Gather statistics from the netfs interface that can be exported through a
seqfile. This is intended to be called by a later patch when viewing
/proc/fs/fscache/stats.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161118139247.1232039.10556850937548511068.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161161034669.2537118.2761232524997091480.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340397101.1303470.17581910581108378458.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539539959.286939.6794352576462965914.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653797700.2770958.5801990354413178228.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789079281.6155.17141344853277186500.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6

netfs: Add tracepoints

Add three tracepoints to track the activity of the read helpers:

(1) netfs/netfs_read

This logs entry to the read helpers and also expansion of the range in
a readahead request.

(2) netfs/netfs_rreq

This logs the progress of netfs_read_request objects which track
read requests. A read request may be a compound of multiple
subrequests.

(3) netfs/netfs_sreq

This logs the progress of netfs_read_subrequest objects, which track
the contributions from various sources to a read request.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161118138060.1232039.5353374588021776217.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161161033468.2537118.14021843889844001905.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340395843.1303470.7355519662919639648.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539538693.286939.10171713520419106334.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653796447.2770958.1870655382450862155.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789078003.6155.17814844411672989942.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6

netfs: Provide readahead and readpage netfs helpers

Add a pair of helper functions:

(*) netfs_readahead()
(*) netfs_readpage()

to do the work of handling a readahead or a readpage, where the page(s)
that form part of the request may be split between the local cache, the
server or just require clearing, and may be single pages and transparent
huge pages. This is all handled within the helper.

Note that while both will read from the cache if there is data present,
only netfs_readahead() will expand the request beyond what it was asked to
do, and only netfs_readahead() will write back to the cache.

netfs_readpage(), on the other hand, is synchronous and only fetches the
page (which might be a THP) it is asked for.

The netfs gives the helper parameters from the VM, the cache cookie it
wants to use (or NULL) and a table of operations (only one of which is
mandatory):

(*) expand_readahead() [optional]

Called to allow the netfs to request an expansion of a readahead
request to meet its own alignment requirements. This is done by
changing rreq->start and rreq->len.

(*) clamp_length() [optional]

Called to allow the netfs to cut down a subrequest to meet its own
boundary requirements. If it does this, the helper will generate
additional subrequests until the full request is satisfied.

(*) is_still_valid() [optional]

Called to find out if the data just read from the cache has been
invalidated and must be reread from the server.

(*) issue_op() [required]

Called to ask the netfs to issue a read to the server. The subrequest
describes the read. The read request holds information about the file
being accessed.

The netfs can cache information in rreq->netfs_priv.

Upon completion, the netfs should set the error, transferred and can
also set FSCACHE_SREQ_CLEAR_TAIL and then call
fscache_subreq_terminated().

(*) done() [optional]

Called after the pages have been unlocked. The read request is still
pinning the file and mapping and may still be pinning pages with
PG_fscache. rreq->error indicates any error that has been
accumulated.

(*) cleanup() [optional]

Called when the helper is disposing of a finished read request. This
allows the netfs to clear rreq->netfs_priv.

Netfs support is enabled with CONFIG_NETFS_SUPPORT=y. It will be built
even if CONFIG_FSCACHE=n and in this case much of it should be optimised
away, allowing the filesystem to use it even when caching is disabled.

Changes:
v5:
- Comment why netfs_readahead() is putting pages[2].
- Use page_file_mapping() rather than page->mapping[2].
- Use page_index() rather than page->index[2].
- Use set_page_fscache()[3] rather then SetPageFsCache() as this takes an
appropriate ref too[4].

v4:
- Folded in a kerneldoc comment fix.
- Folded in a fix for the error handling in the case that ENOMEM occurs.
- Added flag to netfs_subreq_terminated() to indicate that the caller may
have been running async and stuff that might sleep needs punting to a
workqueue (can't use in_softirq()[1]).

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210216084230.GA23669@lst.de/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210321014202.GF3420@casper.infradead.org/ [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2499407.1616505440@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [3]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wh+2gbF7XEjYc=HV9w_2uVzVf7vs60BPz0gFA=+pUm3ww@mail.gmail.com/ [4]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/160588497406.3465195.18003475695899726222.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161118136849.1232039.8923686136144228724.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # rfc
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161161032290.2537118.13400578415247339173.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340394873.1303470.6237319335883242536.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539537375.286939.16642940088716990995.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653795430.2770958.4947584573720000554.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789076581.6155.6745849361504760209.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6

netfs, mm: Add set/end/wait_on_page_fscache() aliases

Add set/end/wait_on_page_fscache() as aliases of
set/end/wait_page_private_2(). These allow a page to marked with
PG_fscache, the flag to be removed and waiters woken and waiting for the
flag to be cleared. A ref on the page is also taken and dropped.

[Linus suggested putting the fscache-themed functions into the
caching-specific headers rather than pagemap.h[1]]

Changes:
v5:
- Mirror the changes to the core routines[2].

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1330473.1612974547@warthog.procyon.org.uk/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wjgA-74ddehziVk=XAEMTKswPu1Yw4uaro1R3ibs27ztw@mail.gmail.com/ [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340393568.1303470.4997526899111310530.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539536093.286939.5076448803512118764.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2499407.1616505440@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ [2]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653793873.2770958.12157243390965814502.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789075327.6155.7432127924219092385.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6

netfs, mm: Move PG_fscache helper funcs to linux/netfs.h

Move the PG_fscache related helper funcs (such as SetPageFsCache()) to
linux/netfs.h rather than linux/fscache.h as the intention is to move to a
model where they're used by the network filesystem and the helper library,
but not by fscache/cachefiles itself.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Tested-By: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
cc: linux-afs@lists.infradead.org
cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: v9fs-developer@lists.sourceforge.net
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161340392347.1303470.18065131603507621762.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161539534516.286939.6265142985563005000.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161653792959.2770958.5386546945273988117.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v5
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/161789073997.6155.18442271115255650614.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v6