linux/export: Ensure natural alignment of kcrctab array

The ___kcrctab section holds an array of 32-bit CRC values.
Add a .balign 4 to tell the linker the correct memory alignment.

Fixes: f3304ecd7f06 ("linux/export: use inline assembler to populate symbol CRCs")
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

linux/export: Fix alignment for 64-bit ksymtab entries

An alignment of 4 bytes is wrong for 64-bit platforms which don't define
CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS (which then store 64-bit pointers).
Fix their alignment to 8 bytes.

Fixes: ddb5cdbafaaa ("kbuild: generate KSYMTAB entries by modpost")
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

linux/export: clean up the IA-64 KSYM_FUNC macro

With commit cf8e8658100d ("arch: Remove Itanium (IA-64) architecture"),
there is no need to keep the IA-64 definition of the KSYM_FUNC macro.

Clean up the IA-64 definition of the KSYM_FUNC macro.

Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

linux/export: fix reference to exported functions for parisc64

John David Anglin reported parisc has been broken since commit
ddb5cdbafaaa ("kbuild: generate KSYMTAB entries by modpost").

Like ia64, parisc64 uses a function descriptor. The function
references must be prefixed with P%.

Also, symbols prefixed $$ from the library have the symbol type
STT_LOPROC instead of STT_FUNC. They should be handled as functions
too.

Fixes: ddb5cdbafaaa ("kbuild: generate KSYMTAB entries by modpost")
Reported-by: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net>
Tested-by: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net>
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-parisc/1901598a-e11d-f7dd-a5d9-9a69d06e6b6e@bell.net/T/#u
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>

kbuild: generate KSYMTAB entries by modpost

Commit 7b4537199a4a ("kbuild: link symbol CRCs at final link, removing
CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS") made modpost output CRCs in the same way
whether the EXPORT_SYMBOL() is placed in *.c or *.S.

For further cleanups, this commit applies a similar approach to the
entire data structure of EXPORT_SYMBOL().

The EXPORT_SYMBOL() compilation is split into two stages.

When a source file is compiled, EXPORT_SYMBOL() will be converted into
a dummy symbol in the .export_symbol section.

For example,

EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(bar, BAR_NAMESPACE);

will be encoded into the following assembly code:

.section ".export_symbol","a"
__export_symbol_foo:
.asciz "" /* license */
.asciz "" /* name space */
.balign 8
.quad foo /* symbol reference */
.previous

.section ".export_symbol","a"
__export_symbol_bar:
.asciz "GPL" /* license */
.asciz "BAR_NAMESPACE" /* name space */
.balign 8
.quad bar /* symbol reference */
.previous

They are mere markers to tell modpost the name, license, and namespace
of the symbols. They will be dropped from the final vmlinux and modules
because the *(.export_symbol) will go into /DISCARD/ in the linker script.

Then, modpost extracts all the information about EXPORT_SYMBOL() from the
.export_symbol section, and generates the final C code:

KSYMTAB_FUNC(foo, "", "");
KSYMTAB_FUNC(bar, "_gpl", "BAR_NAMESPACE");

KSYMTAB_FUNC() (or KSYMTAB_DATA() if it is data) is expanded to struct
kernel_symbol that will be linked to the vmlinux or a module.

With this change, EXPORT_SYMBOL() works in the same way for *.c and *.S
files, providing the following benefits.

[1] Deprecate EXPORT_DATA_SYMBOL()

In the old days, EXPORT_SYMBOL() was only available in C files. To export
a symbol in *.S, EXPORT_SYMBOL() was placed in a separate *.c file.
arch/arm/kernel/armksyms.c is one example written in the classic manner.

Commit 22823ab419d8 ("EXPORT_SYMBOL() for asm") removed this limitation.
Since then, EXPORT_SYMBOL() can be placed close to the symbol definition
in *.S files. It was a nice improvement.

However, as that commit mentioned, you need to use EXPORT_DATA_SYMBOL()
for data objects on some architectures.

In the new approach, modpost checks symbol's type (STT_FUNC or not),
and outputs KSYMTAB_FUNC() or KSYMTAB_DATA() accordingly.

There are only two users of EXPORT_DATA_SYMBOL:

EXPORT_DATA_SYMBOL_GPL(empty_zero_page) (arch/ia64/kernel/head.S)
EXPORT_DATA_SYMBOL(ia64_ivt) (arch/ia64/kernel/ivt.S)

They are transformed as follows and output into .vmlinux.export.c

KSYMTAB_DATA(empty_zero_page, "_gpl", "");
KSYMTAB_DATA(ia64_ivt, "", "");

The other EXPORT_SYMBOL users in ia64 assembly are output as
KSYMTAB_FUNC().

EXPORT_DATA_SYMBOL() is now deprecated.

[2] merge <linux/export.h> and <asm-generic/export.h>

There are two similar header implementations:

include/linux/export.h for .c files
include/asm-generic/export.h for .S files

Ideally, the functionality should be consistent between them, but they
tend to diverge.

Commit 8651ec01daed ("module: add support for symbol namespaces.") did
not support the namespace for *.S files.

This commit shifts the essential implementation part to C, which supports
EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS() for *.S files.

<asm/export.h> and <asm-generic/export.h> will remain as a wrapper of
<linux/export.h> for a while.

They will be removed after #include <asm/export.h> directives are all
replaced with #include <linux/export.h>.

[3] Implement CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS in one-pass algorithm (by a later commit)

When CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS is enabled, Kbuild recursively traverses
the directory tree to determine which EXPORT_SYMBOL to trim. If an
EXPORT_SYMBOL turns out to be unused by anyone, Kbuild begins the
second traverse, where some source files are recompiled with their
EXPORT_SYMBOL() tuned into a no-op.

We can do this better now; modpost can selectively emit KSYMTAB entries
that are really used by modules.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>

linux/export: use inline assembler to populate symbol CRCs

Since commit 7b4537199a4a ("kbuild: link symbol CRCs at final link,
removing CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS"), the module versioning on the
(non-upstreamed-yet) kvx Linux port is broken due to unexpected padding
for __crc_* symbols. The kvx GCC adds padding so u32 gets 8-byte
alignment instead of 4.

I do not know if this happens for upstream architectures in general,
but any compiler has the freedom to insert padding for faster access.

Use the inline assembler to directly specify the wanted data layout.
This is how we previously did before the breakage.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220817161438.32039-1-ysionneau@kalray.eu/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kbuild/31ce5305-a76b-13d7-ea55-afca82c46cf2@kalray.eu/
Fixes: 7b4537199a4a ("kbuild: link symbol CRCs at final link, removing CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS")
Reported-by: Yann Sionneau <ysionneau@kalray.eu>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Yann Sionneau <ysionneau@kalray.eu>

kbuild: link symbol CRCs at final link, removing CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS

include/{linux,asm-generic}/export.h defines a weak symbol, __crc_*
as a placeholder.

Genksyms writes the version CRCs into the linker script, which will be
used for filling the __crc_* symbols. The linker script format depends
on CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS. If it is enabled, __crc_* holds the offset
to the reference of CRC.

It is time to get rid of this complexity.

Now that modpost parses text files (.*.cmd) to collect all the CRCs,
it can generate C code that will be linked to the vmlinux or modules.

Generate a new C file, .vmlinux.export.c, which contains the CRCs of
symbols exported by vmlinux. It is compiled and linked to vmlinux in
scripts/link-vmlinux.sh.

Put the CRCs of symbols exported by modules into the existing *.mod.c
files. No additional build step is needed for modules. As before,
*.mod.c are compiled and linked to *.ko in scripts/Makefile.modfinal.

No linker magic is used here. The new C implementation works in the
same way, whether CONFIG_RELOCATABLE is enabled or not.
CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS is no longer needed.

Previously, Kbuild invoked additional $(LD) to update the CRCs in
objects, but this step is unneeded too.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM-14 (x86-64)